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These thyroid hormones are transported throughout the body where they control metabolism (which is the conversion of oxygen and carbohydrates to energy). Every cell in the body depends upon thyroid hormones for regulation of their metabolism. The normal thyroid gland produces about 80%
235:
of the thyroid follicle, interspersed between follicular cells; and in spaces between the spherical follicles. Parafollicular cells can be distinguished from follicular cells based on their lighter staining cytoplasm using
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Their embryologic origin is from a median endodermal mass in the region of the tongue (foramen cecum) in contrast to parafollicular cells which arise from the 4th pharyngeal pouch.
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from amino acids and secrete these into the thyroid follicles together with iodide. The follicular cells subsequently take up iodinated thyroglobulin from the follicles by
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surrounding a fluid filled space known as the colloid. The interior space formed by the follicular cells is known as the
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containing thyroid hormones. Iodide is actively transported at the basolateral membrane of follicular cells by the
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335:. At the apical membrane iodide is secreted into the colloid by the chloride/iodide transporter
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Section of thyroid gland of sheep. X 160. ("Cubical epithelium" labeled at center left.)
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420:"Characterization of the thyroid Na+/I- symporter with an anti-COOH terminus antibody"
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Levy O, Dai G, Riedel C, Ginter CS, Paul EM, Lebowitz AN, Carrasco N (May 1997).
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The transport of iodide into follicular cells is vital for the synthesis of the
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Proceedings of the
National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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that makes up the outer structure of the almost spherical thyroid follicle.
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165:, and are responsible for the production and secretion of the
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and subsequently release thyroid hormones into the blood.
213:. The basolateral membrane of follicular cells contains
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Medical
Physiology: A Cellular And Molecular Approaoch
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List of human cell types derived from the germ layers
295:, extract thyroid hormones from it with the help of
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Anatomy
Atlases – Microscopic Anatomy, plate 15.287
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List of distinct cell types in the adult human body
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32:
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27:Hormone-producing cell in the thyroid gland
913:List of human endocrine organs and actions
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380:Junqueira's Basic Histology, 14th edition
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221:(TSH) found circulating in the blood.
201:Thyroid follicular cells form a simple
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397:. Elsevier/Saunders. p. 1300.
315:is about four times as potent as T
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184:). They form the single layer of
161:) are the major cell type in the
134:Anatomical terms of microanatomy
205:and are arranged in spherical
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80:Production and secretion of
219:thyroid-stimulating hormone
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488:Histology image: 14302loa
267:Follicular cells take up
261:Thyroid hormone synthesis
231:are also found along the
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155:thyroid epithelial cells
151:Thyroid follicular cells
581:Somatomammotrophic cell
445:10.1073/pnas.94.11.5568
333:sodium-iodide symporter
33:Thyroid follicular cell
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382:. Lange. p. 430.
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215:thyrotropin receptors
896:Organ of Zuckerkandl
886:Enteroendocrine cell
378:Mescher, Anthony L.
349:Thyroid diverticulum
229:parafollicular cells
675:Parafollicular cell
436:1997PNAS...94.5568L
203:cuboidal epithelium
186:cuboidal epithelium
819:Islets of pancreas
593:Corticotropic cell
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115:H3.08.02.4.00007
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761:
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685:Parathyroid gland
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598:Gonadotropic cell
571:Somatotropic cell
393:Boron WF (2003).
283:side, synthesize
277:blood circulation
233:basement membrane
207:thyroid follicles
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147:
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16:(Redirected from
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870:Corpora arenacea
735:Zona reticularis
730:Zona fasciculata
725:Zona glomerulosa
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610:Chromophobe cell
603:Thyrotropic cell
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526:endocrine system
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323:Iodide transport
211:follicular lumen
178:triiodothyronine
167:thyroid hormones
140:edit on Wikidata
93:triiodothyronine
82:thyroid hormones
61:Endocrine system
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18:Thyroid follicle
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753:Chromaffin cell
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670:Follicular cell
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633:Median eminence
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551:Pars intermedia
534:Pituitary gland
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524:Anatomy of the
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430:(11): 5568–73.
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307:and about 20% T
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289:thyroperoxidase
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802:Granulosa cell
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576:Prolactin cell
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566:Acidophil cell
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556:Pars tuberalis
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153:(also called
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71:Thyroid gland
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857:Pineal gland
847:Epsilon cell
785:Sertoli cell
698:Oxyphil cell
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628:Pars nervosa
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311:, however, T
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939:Human cells
908:Development
891:Paraganglia
865:Pinealocyte
780:Leydig cell
293:endocytosis
281:basolateral
273:amino acids
244:Development
227:-producing
104:Identifiers
928:Categories
842:Delta cell
827:Alpha cell
693:Chief cell
365:References
225:Calcitonin
159:thyrocytes
832:Beta cell
643:Pituicyte
620:Posterior
297:proteases
275:from the
192:Structure
170:thyroxine
85:thyroxine
903:Placenta
775:Testicle
543:Anterior
343:See also
252:Function
197:Location
77:Function
67:Location
944:Thyroid
837:PP cell
745:Medulla
662:Thyroid
464:9159113
432:Bibcode
337:pendrin
279:on the
238:H&E
50:Details
767:Gonads
717:Cortex
462:
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329:iodine
269:iodide
176:) and
91:) and
56:System
879:Other
792:Ovary
638:Stalk
455:20819
138:[
127:68782
460:PMID
399:ISBN
287:and
271:and
450:PMC
440:doi
240:.
157:or
122:FMA
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458:.
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339:.
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180:(T
172:(T
110:TH
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95:(T
87:(T
517:e
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303:T
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20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
