Knowledge (XXG)

Timeline of states of matter and phase transitions

Source 📝

520: 184: 24: 144: 41: 739: 868:
Meissner, Walther; Ochsenfeld, Robert (November 1933). "Ein neuer Effekt bei Eintritt der Supraleitfähigkeit" [A new effect when superconductivity occurs].
88: 60: 67: 1505:
Iqbal, M.; Tantivasadakarn, N.; Verresen, R.; et al. (14 February 2024). "Non-Abelian topological order and anyons on a trapped-ion processor".
74: 728: 601: 56: 1339: 653: 896: 1205:(6). Translated by Kruglak, H.: 920. Original: € Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz., J. Exptl. Theoret. Phys. (U.S.S.R.) Vol. 30, 1956, pp. 1058-1064. 1470:
Wang, R.; Sedrakyan, T.A.; Wang, B.; et al. (14 June 2023). "Excitonic topological order in imbalanced electron–hole bilayers".
107: 590:"Find in a Library: On radiant matter a lecture delivered to the British Association for the Advancement of Science, at Sheffield" 81: 1243:
Osheroff, Douglas Dean; Richardson, Robert Coleman; Lee, David M. (10 February 1972). "Evidence for a New Phase of Solid He3".
479: 469: 45: 151: 1093:
Onsager, Lars (1 February 1944), "Crystal statistics. 1. A Two-dimensional model with an order disorder transition",
1546: 806:
Heisenberg, Werner (September 1928). "Zur Theorie des Ferromagnetismus" [On the theory of ferromagnetism].
569: 34: 430: 337: 278: 563: 485: 1361:
Bednorz, J. G.; Müller, K. A. (1 June 1986). "Possible highT c superconductivity in the Ba−La−Cu−O system".
556: 1445: 834: 415: 289: 241: 434: 419: 405: 355: 323: 589: 1401: 1169: 1128: 986: 941: 701: 369: 461: 455: 216: 1002: 959: 692: 499: 475: 451: 303: 1331: 1388:
Anderson, M. H.; Ensher, J. R.; Matthews, M. R.; Wieman, C. E.; Cornell, E. A. (14 July 1995).
911: 1522: 1487: 1427: 1419: 1216:
Anderson, Philip Warren (10 October 1957). "Absence of Diffusion in Certain Random Lattices".
788: 593: 444: 391: 313: 245: 127: 1514: 1479: 1409: 1370: 1310: 1279: 1252: 1225: 1177: 1136: 1098: 1075: 1029: 994: 949: 877: 850: 815: 709: 661: 426: 365: 341: 331: 309: 123: 835:"Influence des fluctuations du champ moléculaire sur les propriétés magnétiques des corps" 258: 837:[Influence of molecular field fluctuations on the magnetic properties of bodies] 1405: 1173: 1132: 990: 945: 705: 493: 465: 293: 227: 519: 183: 1540: 1298: 1283: 489: 327: 299: 1066:
ALFVÉN, Hannes (1 October 1942). "Existence of Electromagnetic-Hydrodynamic Waves".
254:
derives the T-cubed law for the low temperature heat capacity of a nonmetallic solid
1006: 963: 568:
2024 – Harvard researchers working with Quantinuum announced a new phase of matter
409: 383: 376: 317: 223: 854: 1414: 1389: 768:(PhD thesis). Vol. 31. Hamburg, Germany (published 1925). pp. 253–258. 562:
2023 – Physicists from US and China discovered a new state of matter called the
503: 387: 345: 274: 268: 264: 251: 23: 1518: 1483: 1256: 1314: 438: 395: 359: 349: 285: 1423: 1229: 1182: 1157: 1020:
Landau, Lev D. (15 August 1941). "Theory of the Superfluidity of Helium II".
713: 1270:
Wilson, Kenneth G. (1 April 1974). "Critical phenomena in 3.99 dimensions".
1141: 1116: 792: 1526: 1491: 1431: 1102: 1033: 597: 447:
develops the renormalization group technique for treating phase transitions
633:] ( PhD thesis) (in French). Paris, France: Gauthier-Villars et fils 257:
1924–1925 – Bose–Einstein condensate was first predicted, generally, by
1374: 881: 819: 1047:
Landau, Lev D. (1941). "On the theory of superfluidity of helium II".
665: 1079: 998: 954: 929: 1390:"Observation of Bose-Einstein Condensation in a Dilute Atomic Vapor" 687: 736:
Königliche Preußische Akademie der Wissenschaften. Sitzungsberichte
624: 1197:
Landau, Lev D. (January 1957). "The theory of the Fermi liquid".
977:
Allen, J. F.; Misener, A. D. (1938). "Flow of Liquid Helium II".
660:. Vol. 63, no. 9. AIP Publishing LLC. pp. 38–43. 552: 1156:
Bardeen, J.; Cooper, L. N.; Schrieffer, J. R. (December 1957).
506:
produce the first Bose–Einstein condensate using rubidium atoms
379:
publishes the exact solution to the two-dimensional Ising model
514: 178: 138: 131:, specifically discoveries related to either of these topics. 17: 1115:
Bardeen, J.; Cooper, L. N.; Schrieffer, J. R. (April 1957).
781:Über die Quantenmechanik der Elektronen in Kristallgittern 785:
On the quantum mechanics of electrons in crystal lattices
626:
Propriétés magnétiques des corps à diverses températures
226:
discovers that induced magnetization is proportional to
531: 195: 155: 787:] (PhD thesis) (in German). Universität Leipzig. 631:
Magnetic properties of bodies at various temperatures
57:"Timeline of states of matter and phase transitions" 48:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1332:"Press Release: The Nobel Prize in Physics 1998" 1326: 1324: 652:van Delft, Dirk; Kes, Peter (1 September 2010). 592:(lecture). Sheffield, England. 22 August 1879. 930:"Viscosity of Liquid Helium Below the λ-Point" 729:"Quantentheorie des einatomigen idealen Gases" 267:presents the solution to the one-dimensional 8: 762:Contribution to the Theory of Ferromagnetism 808:Zeitschrift für Physik (Journal of Physics) 492:discover high critical temperature ceramic 281:, establishing the quantum theory of solids 1413: 1363:Zeitschrift für Physik B Condensed Matter 1309:(3). American Physical Society: 519–531. 1181: 1140: 1117:"Microscopic Theory of Superconductivity" 953: 108:Learn how and when to remove this message 1251:(14) (published 3 April 1972): 885–888. 758:Beitrag zur Theorie des Ferromagnetismus 581: 1446:"New State of Matter created at CERN" 1340:The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences 688:"Zur Theorie der spezifischen Wärmen" 219:first identifies plasma in laboratory 7: 1224:(5) (published 1 March 1958): 1492. 897:"On the Theory of Phase Transitions" 745:from the original on 9 October 2022. 654:"The discovery of superconductivity" 437:discover that helium-3 can become a 46:adding citations to reliable sources 1297:Klaus, von Klitzing (1 July 1986). 1097:, vol. 65, pp. 117–149, 14: 727:Einstein, Albert (10 July 1924). 316:discover perfect superconducting 756:Ising, Ernst (9 December 1924). 604:from the original on 9 July 2006 518: 182: 142: 22: 33:needs additional citations for 480:fractional quantum Hall effect 470:fractional quantum Hall effect 292:develop the quantum theory of 1: 1158:"Theory of Superconductivity" 570:non-Abelian topological order 279:electrons in crystal lattices 277:applies quantum mechanics to 1415:10.1126/science.269.5221.198 1284:10.1016/0031-8914(74)90229-8 1299:"The quantized Hall effect" 855:10.1051/anphys/193210180005 1563: 1519:10.1038/s41586-023-06934-4 1484:10.1038/s41586-023-06065-w 1257:10.1103/PhysRevLett.28.885 244:discloses his research on 1315:10.1103/RevModPhys.58.519 1303:Reviews of Modern Physics 338:Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa 286:Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac 1230:10.1103/PhysRev.109.1492 1183:10.1103/PhysRev.108.1175 1022:Physical Review Journals 714:10.1002/andp.19123441404 564:chiral bose-liquid state 559:, a new phase of matter. 1245:Physical Review Letters 1142:10.1103/PhysRev.106.162 1049:Journal of Physics USSR 910:: 19-32. Archived from 408:develops the theory of 300:Louis Eugène Félix Néel 1103:10.1103/PhysRev.65.117 1034:10.1103/PhysRev.60.356 895:Lev D. Landau (1937). 766:Zeitschrift für Physik 738:(in German): 261–267. 623:Curie, Pierre (1895). 416:Philip Warren Anderson 290:Werner Karl Heisenberg 242:Heike Kamerlingh Onnes 779:Bloch, Felix (1928). 686:Debye, Peter (1912). 486:Karl Alexander Müller 422:in disordered systems 406:Lev Davidovich Landau 356:Lev Davidovich Landau 324:Lev Davidovich Landau 928:Kapitza, P. (1938). 917:on 14 December 2015. 431:Robert C. Richardson 398:of superconductivity 156:adding missing items 42:improve this article 1406:1995Sci...269..198A 1199:Soviet Physics JETP 1174:1957PhRv..108.1175B 1133:1957PhRv..106..162B 991:1938Natur.142..643A 946:1938Natur.141...74K 904:Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz 870:Naturwissenschaften 843:Annales de Physique 833:Louis Néel (1932). 706:1912AnP...344..789D 456:quantum Hall effect 370:magnetohydrodynamic 217:Sir William Crookes 1375:10.1007/BF01303701 882:10.1007/BF01504252 820:10.1007/BF01328601 693:Annalen der Physik 557:quark-gluon plasma 530:. You can help by 476:Robert B. Laughlin 452:Klaus von Klitzing 304:antiferromagnetism 194:. You can help by 154:; you can help by 1547:Physics timelines 1513:(7999): 505–511. 1400:(5221): 198–201. 1342:. 13 October 1998 1074:(3805): 405–406. 666:10.1063/1.3490499 548: 547: 445:Kenneth G. Wilson 392:Robert Schrieffer 332:phase transitions 314:Robert Ochsenfeld 246:superconductivity 212: 211: 172: 171: 128:phase transitions 118: 117: 110: 92: 1554: 1531: 1530: 1502: 1496: 1495: 1467: 1461: 1460: 1458: 1456: 1442: 1436: 1435: 1417: 1385: 1379: 1378: 1358: 1352: 1351: 1349: 1347: 1328: 1319: 1318: 1294: 1288: 1287: 1267: 1261: 1260: 1240: 1234: 1233: 1213: 1207: 1206: 1194: 1188: 1187: 1185: 1168:(5): 1175–1204. 1153: 1147: 1146: 1144: 1112: 1106: 1105: 1090: 1084: 1083: 1080:10.1038/150405d0 1063: 1057: 1056: 1044: 1038: 1037: 1017: 1011: 1010: 999:10.1038/142643a0 974: 968: 967: 957: 955:10.1038/141074a0 925: 919: 918: 916: 901: 892: 886: 885: 865: 859: 858: 840: 830: 824: 823: 803: 797: 796: 776: 770: 769: 753: 747: 746: 744: 733: 724: 718: 717: 683: 677: 676: 674: 672: 649: 643: 642: 640: 638: 620: 614: 613: 611: 609: 586: 543: 540: 522: 515: 462:Horst L. Störmer 427:Douglas Osheroff 372:waves in plasmas 342:John Frank Allen 310:Walther Meissner 207: 204: 186: 179: 167: 164: 146: 145: 139: 124:states of matter 113: 106: 102: 99: 93: 91: 50: 26: 18: 1562: 1561: 1557: 1556: 1555: 1553: 1552: 1551: 1537: 1536: 1535: 1534: 1504: 1503: 1499: 1478:(7968): 57–62. 1469: 1468: 1464: 1454: 1452: 1444: 1443: 1439: 1387: 1386: 1382: 1360: 1359: 1355: 1345: 1343: 1330: 1329: 1322: 1296: 1295: 1291: 1269: 1268: 1264: 1242: 1241: 1237: 1218:Physical Review 1215: 1214: 1210: 1196: 1195: 1191: 1162:Physical Review 1155: 1154: 1150: 1121:Physical Review 1114: 1113: 1109: 1095:Physical Review 1092: 1091: 1087: 1065: 1064: 1060: 1046: 1045: 1041: 1019: 1018: 1014: 976: 975: 971: 927: 926: 922: 914: 899: 894: 893: 889: 876:(44): 787–788. 867: 866: 862: 838: 832: 831: 827: 805: 804: 800: 778: 777: 773: 755: 754: 750: 742: 731: 726: 725: 721: 685: 684: 680: 670: 668: 651: 650: 646: 636: 634: 622: 621: 617: 607: 605: 588: 587: 583: 578: 544: 538: 535: 528:needs expansion 513: 494:superconductors 259:Albert Einstein 237: 208: 202: 199: 192:needs expansion 177: 168: 162: 159: 143: 137: 114: 103: 97: 94: 51: 49: 39: 27: 12: 11: 5: 1560: 1558: 1550: 1549: 1539: 1538: 1533: 1532: 1497: 1462: 1437: 1380: 1369:(2): 189–193. 1353: 1336:nobelprize.org 1320: 1289: 1278:(1): 119–128. 1262: 1235: 1208: 1189: 1148: 1127:(1): 162–164. 1107: 1085: 1058: 1039: 1028:(4): 356–358. 1012: 969: 920: 887: 860: 825: 814:(9): 619–636. 798: 771: 748: 719: 700:(4): 789–839. 678: 644: 615: 580: 579: 577: 574: 573: 572: 566: 560: 546: 545: 525: 523: 512: 509: 508: 507: 496: 482: 472: 466:Daniel C. Tsui 458: 454:discovers the 448: 441: 423: 412: 402:End of the 50s 399: 380: 373: 362: 352: 334: 320: 306: 296: 294:ferromagnetism 282: 271: 261: 255: 248: 236: 233: 232: 231: 228:magnetic field 220: 210: 209: 189: 187: 176: 173: 170: 169: 163:September 2024 149: 147: 136: 133: 116: 115: 30: 28: 21: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1559: 1548: 1545: 1544: 1542: 1528: 1524: 1520: 1516: 1512: 1508: 1501: 1498: 1493: 1489: 1485: 1481: 1477: 1473: 1466: 1463: 1451: 1447: 1441: 1438: 1433: 1429: 1425: 1421: 1416: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1384: 1381: 1376: 1372: 1368: 1364: 1357: 1354: 1341: 1337: 1333: 1327: 1325: 1321: 1316: 1312: 1308: 1304: 1300: 1293: 1290: 1285: 1281: 1277: 1273: 1266: 1263: 1258: 1254: 1250: 1246: 1239: 1236: 1231: 1227: 1223: 1219: 1212: 1209: 1204: 1200: 1193: 1190: 1184: 1179: 1175: 1171: 1167: 1163: 1159: 1152: 1149: 1143: 1138: 1134: 1130: 1126: 1122: 1118: 1111: 1108: 1104: 1100: 1096: 1089: 1086: 1081: 1077: 1073: 1069: 1062: 1059: 1054: 1050: 1043: 1040: 1035: 1031: 1027: 1023: 1016: 1013: 1008: 1004: 1000: 996: 992: 988: 985:(3597): 643. 984: 980: 973: 970: 965: 961: 956: 951: 947: 943: 939: 935: 931: 924: 921: 913: 909: 905: 898: 891: 888: 883: 879: 875: 871: 864: 861: 856: 852: 849:(18): 5–105. 848: 845:(in French). 844: 836: 829: 826: 821: 817: 813: 810:(in German). 809: 802: 799: 794: 790: 786: 782: 775: 772: 767: 763: 759: 752: 749: 741: 737: 730: 723: 720: 715: 711: 707: 703: 699: 696:(in German). 695: 694: 689: 682: 679: 667: 663: 659: 658:Physics Today 655: 648: 645: 632: 628: 627: 619: 616: 603: 599: 595: 591: 585: 582: 575: 571: 567: 565: 561: 558: 554: 550: 549: 542: 533: 529: 526:This section 524: 521: 517: 516: 510: 505: 501: 497: 495: 491: 490:Georg Bednorz 487: 483: 481: 478:explains the 477: 473: 471: 468:discover the 467: 463: 459: 457: 453: 449: 446: 442: 440: 436: 432: 428: 424: 421: 417: 413: 411: 407: 403: 400: 397: 393: 389: 385: 381: 378: 374: 371: 367: 366:Hannes Alfvén 363: 361: 360:superfluidity 357: 353: 351: 350:superfluidity 347: 343: 339: 335: 333: 329: 328:Landau theory 326:develops the 325: 321: 319: 315: 311: 307: 305: 301: 297: 295: 291: 287: 283: 280: 276: 272: 270: 266: 262: 260: 256: 253: 249: 247: 243: 239: 238: 234: 229: 225: 221: 218: 214: 213: 206: 197: 193: 190:This section 188: 185: 181: 180: 174: 166: 157: 153: 150:This list is 148: 141: 140: 134: 132: 130: 129: 125: 112: 109: 101: 90: 87: 83: 80: 76: 73: 69: 66: 62: 59: –  58: 54: 53:Find sources: 47: 43: 37: 36: 31:This article 29: 25: 20: 19: 16: 1510: 1506: 1500: 1475: 1471: 1465: 1453:. Retrieved 1449: 1440: 1397: 1393: 1383: 1366: 1362: 1356: 1344:. Retrieved 1335: 1306: 1302: 1292: 1275: 1271: 1265: 1248: 1244: 1238: 1221: 1217: 1211: 1202: 1198: 1192: 1165: 1161: 1151: 1124: 1120: 1110: 1094: 1088: 1071: 1067: 1061: 1052: 1048: 1042: 1025: 1021: 1015: 982: 978: 972: 940:(3558): 74. 937: 933: 923: 912:the original 907: 903: 890: 873: 869: 863: 846: 842: 828: 811: 807: 801: 784: 780: 774: 765: 761: 757: 751: 735: 722: 697: 691: 681: 669:. Retrieved 657: 647: 635:. Retrieved 630: 625: 618: 606:. Retrieved 584: 536: 532:adding to it 527: 511:21st century 500:Eric Cornell 435:David M. Lee 420:localization 410:Fermi liquid 401: 394:develop the 384:John Bardeen 377:Lars Onsager 322:1933–1937 – 318:diamagnetism 235:20th century 224:Pierre Curie 200: 196:adding to it 191: 175:19th century 160: 122:timeline of 121: 119: 104: 95: 85: 78: 71: 64: 52: 40:Please help 35:verification 32: 15: 1346:2 September 637:2 September 539:August 2024 504:Carl Wieman 388:Leon Cooper 346:Don Misener 275:Felix Bloch 269:Ising model 265:Ernst Ising 252:Peter Debye 203:August 2024 98:August 2024 576:References 555:announced 439:superfluid 396:BCS theory 302:discovers 152:incomplete 120:This is a 68:newspapers 1424:0036-8075 671:30 August 418:predicts 368:predicts 358:explains 348:discover 1541:Category 1527:38356069 1492:37316659 1432:17789847 1055:: 71–77. 793:43394732 740:Archived 602:Archived 230:strength 135:Timeline 1402:Bibcode 1394:Science 1272:Physica 1170:Bibcode 1129:Bibcode 1007:4135906 987:Bibcode 964:3997900 942:Bibcode 764:]. 702:Bibcode 598:5210512 551:2000 – 498:1995 – 484:1986 – 474:1983 – 460:1982 – 450:1980 – 443:1974 – 425:1972 – 414:1959 – 382:1957 – 375:1944 – 364:1942 – 354:1941 – 336:1937 – 308:1933 – 298:1932 – 284:1929 – 273:1928 – 263:1925 – 250:1912 – 240:1911 – 222:1895 – 215:1879 – 82:scholar 1525:  1507:Nature 1490:  1472:Nature 1455:22 May 1430:  1422:  1068:Nature 1005:  979:Nature 962:  934:Nature 791:  608:24 May 596:  433:, and 390:, and 84:  77:  70:  63:  55:  1003:S2CID 960:S2CID 915:(PDF) 900:(PDF) 839:(PDF) 783:[ 760:[ 743:(PDF) 732:(PDF) 629:[ 89:JSTOR 75:books 1523:PMID 1488:PMID 1457:2020 1450:CERN 1428:PMID 1420:ISSN 1348:2024 789:OCLC 673:2024 639:2024 610:2006 594:OCLC 553:CERN 502:and 488:and 464:and 340:and 312:and 288:and 126:and 61:news 1515:doi 1511:626 1480:doi 1476:619 1410:doi 1398:269 1371:doi 1311:doi 1280:doi 1253:doi 1226:doi 1222:109 1178:doi 1166:108 1137:doi 1125:106 1099:doi 1076:doi 1072:150 1030:doi 995:doi 983:142 950:doi 938:141 878:doi 851:doi 816:doi 710:doi 662:doi 534:. 330:of 198:. 158:. 44:by 1543:: 1521:. 1509:. 1486:. 1474:. 1448:. 1426:. 1418:. 1408:. 1396:. 1392:. 1367:64 1365:. 1338:. 1334:. 1323:^ 1307:58 1305:. 1301:. 1276:73 1274:. 1249:28 1247:. 1220:. 1201:. 1176:. 1164:. 1160:. 1135:. 1123:. 1119:. 1070:. 1051:. 1026:60 1024:. 1001:. 993:. 981:. 958:. 948:. 936:. 932:. 906:. 902:. 874:21 872:. 847:10 841:. 812:49 734:. 708:. 698:39 690:. 656:. 600:. 429:, 404:– 386:, 1529:. 1517:: 1494:. 1482:: 1459:. 1434:. 1412:: 1404:: 1377:. 1373:: 1350:. 1317:. 1313:: 1286:. 1282:: 1259:. 1255:: 1232:. 1228:: 1203:3 1186:. 1180:: 1172:: 1145:. 1139:: 1131:: 1101:: 1082:. 1078:: 1053:5 1036:. 1032:: 1009:. 997:: 989:: 966:. 952:: 944:: 908:7 884:. 880:: 857:. 853:: 822:. 818:: 795:. 716:. 712:: 704:: 675:. 664:: 641:. 612:. 541:) 537:( 344:/ 205:) 201:( 165:) 161:( 111:) 105:( 100:) 96:( 86:· 79:· 72:· 65:· 38:.

Index


verification
improve this article
adding citations to reliable sources
"Timeline of states of matter and phase transitions"
news
newspapers
books
scholar
JSTOR
Learn how and when to remove this message
states of matter
phase transitions
incomplete
adding missing items

adding to it
Sir William Crookes
Pierre Curie
magnetic field
Heike Kamerlingh Onnes
superconductivity
Peter Debye
Albert Einstein
Ernst Ising
Ising model
Felix Bloch
electrons in crystal lattices
Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac
Werner Karl Heisenberg

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.