520:
184:
24:
144:
41:
739:
868:
Meissner, Walther; Ochsenfeld, Robert (November 1933). "Ein neuer Effekt bei
Eintritt der Supraleitfähigkeit" [A new effect when superconductivity occurs].
88:
60:
67:
1505:
Iqbal, M.; Tantivasadakarn, N.; Verresen, R.; et al. (14 February 2024). "Non-Abelian topological order and anyons on a trapped-ion processor".
74:
728:
601:
56:
1339:
653:
896:
1205:(6). Translated by Kruglak, H.: 920. Original: € Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz., J. Exptl. Theoret. Phys. (U.S.S.R.) Vol. 30, 1956, pp. 1058-1064.
1470:
Wang, R.; Sedrakyan, T.A.; Wang, B.; et al. (14 June 2023). "Excitonic topological order in imbalanced electron–hole bilayers".
107:
590:"Find in a Library: On radiant matter a lecture delivered to the British Association for the Advancement of Science, at Sheffield"
81:
1243:
Osheroff, Douglas Dean; Richardson, Robert
Coleman; Lee, David M. (10 February 1972). "Evidence for a New Phase of Solid He3".
479:
469:
45:
151:
1093:
Onsager, Lars (1 February 1944), "Crystal statistics. 1. A Two-dimensional model with an order disorder transition",
1546:
806:
Heisenberg, Werner (September 1928). "Zur
Theorie des Ferromagnetismus" [On the theory of ferromagnetism].
569:
34:
430:
337:
278:
563:
485:
1361:
Bednorz, J. G.; Müller, K. A. (1 June 1986). "Possible highT c superconductivity in the Ba−La−Cu−O system".
556:
1445:
834:
415:
289:
241:
434:
419:
405:
355:
323:
589:
1401:
1169:
1128:
986:
941:
701:
369:
461:
455:
216:
1002:
959:
692:
499:
475:
451:
303:
1331:
1388:
Anderson, M. H.; Ensher, J. R.; Matthews, M. R.; Wieman, C. E.; Cornell, E. A. (14 July 1995).
911:
1522:
1487:
1427:
1419:
1216:
Anderson, Philip Warren (10 October 1957). "Absence of
Diffusion in Certain Random Lattices".
788:
593:
444:
391:
313:
245:
127:
1514:
1479:
1409:
1370:
1310:
1279:
1252:
1225:
1177:
1136:
1098:
1075:
1029:
994:
949:
877:
850:
815:
709:
661:
426:
365:
341:
331:
309:
123:
835:"Influence des fluctuations du champ moléculaire sur les propriétés magnétiques des corps"
258:
837:[Influence of molecular field fluctuations on the magnetic properties of bodies]
1405:
1173:
1132:
990:
945:
705:
493:
465:
293:
227:
519:
183:
1540:
1298:
1283:
489:
327:
299:
1066:
ALFVÉN, Hannes (1 October 1942). "Existence of
Electromagnetic-Hydrodynamic Waves".
254:
derives the T-cubed law for the low temperature heat capacity of a nonmetallic solid
1006:
963:
568:
2024 – Harvard researchers working with
Quantinuum announced a new phase of matter
409:
383:
376:
317:
223:
854:
1414:
1389:
768:(PhD thesis). Vol. 31. Hamburg, Germany (published 1925). pp. 253–258.
562:
2023 – Physicists from US and China discovered a new state of matter called the
503:
387:
345:
274:
268:
264:
251:
23:
1518:
1483:
1256:
1314:
438:
395:
359:
349:
285:
1423:
1229:
1182:
1157:
1020:
Landau, Lev D. (15 August 1941). "Theory of the
Superfluidity of Helium II".
713:
1270:
Wilson, Kenneth G. (1 April 1974). "Critical phenomena in 3.99 dimensions".
1141:
1116:
792:
1526:
1491:
1431:
1102:
1033:
597:
447:
develops the renormalization group technique for treating phase transitions
633:] ( PhD thesis) (in French). Paris, France: Gauthier-Villars et fils
257:
1924–1925 – Bose–Einstein condensate was first predicted, generally, by
1374:
881:
819:
1047:
Landau, Lev D. (1941). "On the theory of superfluidity of helium II".
665:
1079:
998:
954:
929:
1390:"Observation of Bose-Einstein Condensation in a Dilute Atomic Vapor"
687:
736:
Königliche Preußische
Akademie der Wissenschaften. Sitzungsberichte
624:
1197:
Landau, Lev D. (January 1957). "The theory of the Fermi liquid".
977:
Allen, J. F.; Misener, A. D. (1938). "Flow of Liquid Helium II".
660:. Vol. 63, no. 9. AIP Publishing LLC. pp. 38–43.
552:
1156:
Bardeen, J.; Cooper, L. N.; Schrieffer, J. R. (December 1957).
506:
produce the first Bose–Einstein condensate using rubidium atoms
379:
publishes the exact solution to the two-dimensional Ising model
514:
178:
138:
131:, specifically discoveries related to either of these topics.
17:
1115:
Bardeen, J.; Cooper, L. N.; Schrieffer, J. R. (April 1957).
781:Über die Quantenmechanik der Elektronen in Kristallgittern
785:
On the quantum mechanics of electrons in crystal lattices
626:
Propriétés magnétiques des corps à diverses températures
226:
discovers that induced magnetization is proportional to
531:
195:
155:
787:] (PhD thesis) (in German). Universität Leipzig.
631:
Magnetic properties of bodies at various temperatures
57:"Timeline of states of matter and phase transitions"
48:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1332:"Press Release: The Nobel Prize in Physics 1998"
1326:
1324:
652:van Delft, Dirk; Kes, Peter (1 September 2010).
592:(lecture). Sheffield, England. 22 August 1879.
930:"Viscosity of Liquid Helium Below the λ-Point"
729:"Quantentheorie des einatomigen idealen Gases"
267:presents the solution to the one-dimensional
8:
762:Contribution to the Theory of Ferromagnetism
808:Zeitschrift für Physik (Journal of Physics)
492:discover high critical temperature ceramic
281:, establishing the quantum theory of solids
1413:
1363:Zeitschrift für Physik B Condensed Matter
1309:(3). American Physical Society: 519–531.
1181:
1140:
1117:"Microscopic Theory of Superconductivity"
953:
108:Learn how and when to remove this message
1251:(14) (published 3 April 1972): 885–888.
758:Beitrag zur Theorie des Ferromagnetismus
581:
1446:"New State of Matter created at CERN"
1340:The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
688:"Zur Theorie der spezifischen Wärmen"
219:first identifies plasma in laboratory
7:
1224:(5) (published 1 March 1958): 1492.
897:"On the Theory of Phase Transitions"
745:from the original on 9 October 2022.
654:"The discovery of superconductivity"
437:discover that helium-3 can become a
46:adding citations to reliable sources
1297:Klaus, von Klitzing (1 July 1986).
1097:, vol. 65, pp. 117–149,
14:
727:Einstein, Albert (10 July 1924).
316:discover perfect superconducting
756:Ising, Ernst (9 December 1924).
604:from the original on 9 July 2006
518:
182:
142:
22:
33:needs additional citations for
480:fractional quantum Hall effect
470:fractional quantum Hall effect
292:develop the quantum theory of
1:
1158:"Theory of Superconductivity"
570:non-Abelian topological order
279:electrons in crystal lattices
277:applies quantum mechanics to
1415:10.1126/science.269.5221.198
1284:10.1016/0031-8914(74)90229-8
1299:"The quantized Hall effect"
855:10.1051/anphys/193210180005
1563:
1519:10.1038/s41586-023-06934-4
1484:10.1038/s41586-023-06065-w
1257:10.1103/PhysRevLett.28.885
244:discloses his research on
1315:10.1103/RevModPhys.58.519
1303:Reviews of Modern Physics
338:Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa
286:Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac
1230:10.1103/PhysRev.109.1492
1183:10.1103/PhysRev.108.1175
1022:Physical Review Journals
714:10.1002/andp.19123441404
564:chiral bose-liquid state
559:, a new phase of matter.
1245:Physical Review Letters
1142:10.1103/PhysRev.106.162
1049:Journal of Physics USSR
910:: 19-32. Archived from
408:develops the theory of
300:Louis Eugène Félix Néel
1103:10.1103/PhysRev.65.117
1034:10.1103/PhysRev.60.356
895:Lev D. Landau (1937).
766:Zeitschrift für Physik
738:(in German): 261–267.
623:Curie, Pierre (1895).
416:Philip Warren Anderson
290:Werner Karl Heisenberg
242:Heike Kamerlingh Onnes
779:Bloch, Felix (1928).
686:Debye, Peter (1912).
486:Karl Alexander Müller
422:in disordered systems
406:Lev Davidovich Landau
356:Lev Davidovich Landau
324:Lev Davidovich Landau
928:Kapitza, P. (1938).
917:on 14 December 2015.
431:Robert C. Richardson
398:of superconductivity
156:adding missing items
42:improve this article
1406:1995Sci...269..198A
1199:Soviet Physics JETP
1174:1957PhRv..108.1175B
1133:1957PhRv..106..162B
991:1938Natur.142..643A
946:1938Natur.141...74K
904:Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz
870:Naturwissenschaften
843:Annales de Physique
833:Louis Néel (1932).
706:1912AnP...344..789D
456:quantum Hall effect
370:magnetohydrodynamic
217:Sir William Crookes
1375:10.1007/BF01303701
882:10.1007/BF01504252
820:10.1007/BF01328601
693:Annalen der Physik
557:quark-gluon plasma
530:. You can help by
476:Robert B. Laughlin
452:Klaus von Klitzing
304:antiferromagnetism
194:. You can help by
154:; you can help by
1547:Physics timelines
1513:(7999): 505–511.
1400:(5221): 198–201.
1342:. 13 October 1998
1074:(3805): 405–406.
666:10.1063/1.3490499
548:
547:
445:Kenneth G. Wilson
392:Robert Schrieffer
332:phase transitions
314:Robert Ochsenfeld
246:superconductivity
212:
211:
172:
171:
128:phase transitions
118:
117:
110:
92:
1554:
1531:
1530:
1502:
1496:
1495:
1467:
1461:
1460:
1458:
1456:
1442:
1436:
1435:
1417:
1385:
1379:
1378:
1358:
1352:
1351:
1349:
1347:
1328:
1319:
1318:
1294:
1288:
1287:
1267:
1261:
1260:
1240:
1234:
1233:
1213:
1207:
1206:
1194:
1188:
1187:
1185:
1168:(5): 1175–1204.
1153:
1147:
1146:
1144:
1112:
1106:
1105:
1090:
1084:
1083:
1080:10.1038/150405d0
1063:
1057:
1056:
1044:
1038:
1037:
1017:
1011:
1010:
999:10.1038/142643a0
974:
968:
967:
957:
955:10.1038/141074a0
925:
919:
918:
916:
901:
892:
886:
885:
865:
859:
858:
840:
830:
824:
823:
803:
797:
796:
776:
770:
769:
753:
747:
746:
744:
733:
724:
718:
717:
683:
677:
676:
674:
672:
649:
643:
642:
640:
638:
620:
614:
613:
611:
609:
586:
543:
540:
522:
515:
462:Horst L. Störmer
427:Douglas Osheroff
372:waves in plasmas
342:John Frank Allen
310:Walther Meissner
207:
204:
186:
179:
167:
164:
146:
145:
139:
124:states of matter
113:
106:
102:
99:
93:
91:
50:
26:
18:
1562:
1561:
1557:
1556:
1555:
1553:
1552:
1551:
1537:
1536:
1535:
1534:
1504:
1503:
1499:
1478:(7968): 57–62.
1469:
1468:
1464:
1454:
1452:
1444:
1443:
1439:
1387:
1386:
1382:
1360:
1359:
1355:
1345:
1343:
1330:
1329:
1322:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1269:
1268:
1264:
1242:
1241:
1237:
1218:Physical Review
1215:
1214:
1210:
1196:
1195:
1191:
1162:Physical Review
1155:
1154:
1150:
1121:Physical Review
1114:
1113:
1109:
1095:Physical Review
1092:
1091:
1087:
1065:
1064:
1060:
1046:
1045:
1041:
1019:
1018:
1014:
976:
975:
971:
927:
926:
922:
914:
899:
894:
893:
889:
876:(44): 787–788.
867:
866:
862:
838:
832:
831:
827:
805:
804:
800:
778:
777:
773:
755:
754:
750:
742:
731:
726:
725:
721:
685:
684:
680:
670:
668:
651:
650:
646:
636:
634:
622:
621:
617:
607:
605:
588:
587:
583:
578:
544:
538:
535:
528:needs expansion
513:
494:superconductors
259:Albert Einstein
237:
208:
202:
199:
192:needs expansion
177:
168:
162:
159:
143:
137:
114:
103:
97:
94:
51:
49:
39:
27:
12:
11:
5:
1560:
1558:
1550:
1549:
1539:
1538:
1533:
1532:
1497:
1462:
1437:
1380:
1369:(2): 189–193.
1353:
1336:nobelprize.org
1320:
1289:
1278:(1): 119–128.
1262:
1235:
1208:
1189:
1148:
1127:(1): 162–164.
1107:
1085:
1058:
1039:
1028:(4): 356–358.
1012:
969:
920:
887:
860:
825:
814:(9): 619–636.
798:
771:
748:
719:
700:(4): 789–839.
678:
644:
615:
580:
579:
577:
574:
573:
572:
566:
560:
546:
545:
525:
523:
512:
509:
508:
507:
496:
482:
472:
466:Daniel C. Tsui
458:
454:discovers the
448:
441:
423:
412:
402:End of the 50s
399:
380:
373:
362:
352:
334:
320:
306:
296:
294:ferromagnetism
282:
271:
261:
255:
248:
236:
233:
232:
231:
228:magnetic field
220:
210:
209:
189:
187:
176:
173:
170:
169:
163:September 2024
149:
147:
136:
133:
116:
115:
30:
28:
21:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1559:
1548:
1545:
1544:
1542:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1501:
1498:
1493:
1489:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1466:
1463:
1451:
1447:
1441:
1438:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1384:
1381:
1376:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1357:
1354:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1327:
1325:
1321:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1300:
1293:
1290:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1266:
1263:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1239:
1236:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1212:
1209:
1204:
1200:
1193:
1190:
1184:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1152:
1149:
1143:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1111:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1089:
1086:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1062:
1059:
1054:
1050:
1043:
1040:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1016:
1013:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
985:(3597): 643.
984:
980:
973:
970:
965:
961:
956:
951:
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
924:
921:
913:
909:
905:
898:
891:
888:
883:
879:
875:
871:
864:
861:
856:
852:
849:(18): 5–105.
848:
845:(in French).
844:
836:
829:
826:
821:
817:
813:
810:(in German).
809:
802:
799:
794:
790:
786:
782:
775:
772:
767:
763:
759:
752:
749:
741:
737:
730:
723:
720:
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
696:(in German).
695:
694:
689:
682:
679:
667:
663:
659:
658:Physics Today
655:
648:
645:
632:
628:
627:
619:
616:
603:
599:
595:
591:
585:
582:
575:
571:
567:
565:
561:
558:
554:
550:
549:
542:
533:
529:
526:This section
524:
521:
517:
516:
510:
505:
501:
497:
495:
491:
490:Georg Bednorz
487:
483:
481:
478:explains the
477:
473:
471:
468:discover the
467:
463:
459:
457:
453:
449:
446:
442:
440:
436:
432:
428:
424:
421:
417:
413:
411:
407:
403:
400:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
378:
374:
371:
367:
366:Hannes Alfvén
363:
361:
360:superfluidity
357:
353:
351:
350:superfluidity
347:
343:
339:
335:
333:
329:
328:Landau theory
326:develops the
325:
321:
319:
315:
311:
307:
305:
301:
297:
295:
291:
287:
283:
280:
276:
272:
270:
266:
262:
260:
256:
253:
249:
247:
243:
239:
238:
234:
229:
225:
221:
218:
214:
213:
206:
197:
193:
190:This section
188:
185:
181:
180:
174:
166:
157:
153:
150:This list is
148:
141:
140:
134:
132:
130:
129:
125:
112:
109:
101:
90:
87:
83:
80:
76:
73:
69:
66:
62:
59: –
58:
54:
53:Find sources:
47:
43:
37:
36:
31:This article
29:
25:
20:
19:
16:
1510:
1506:
1500:
1475:
1471:
1465:
1453:. Retrieved
1449:
1440:
1397:
1393:
1383:
1366:
1362:
1356:
1344:. Retrieved
1335:
1306:
1302:
1292:
1275:
1271:
1265:
1248:
1244:
1238:
1221:
1217:
1211:
1202:
1198:
1192:
1165:
1161:
1151:
1124:
1120:
1110:
1094:
1088:
1071:
1067:
1061:
1052:
1048:
1042:
1025:
1021:
1015:
982:
978:
972:
940:(3558): 74.
937:
933:
923:
912:the original
907:
903:
890:
873:
869:
863:
846:
842:
828:
811:
807:
801:
784:
780:
774:
765:
761:
757:
751:
735:
722:
697:
691:
681:
669:. Retrieved
657:
647:
635:. Retrieved
630:
625:
618:
606:. Retrieved
584:
536:
532:adding to it
527:
511:21st century
500:Eric Cornell
435:David M. Lee
420:localization
410:Fermi liquid
401:
394:develop the
384:John Bardeen
377:Lars Onsager
322:1933–1937 –
318:diamagnetism
235:20th century
224:Pierre Curie
200:
196:adding to it
191:
175:19th century
160:
122:timeline of
121:
119:
104:
95:
85:
78:
71:
64:
52:
40:Please help
35:verification
32:
15:
1346:2 September
637:2 September
539:August 2024
504:Carl Wieman
388:Leon Cooper
346:Don Misener
275:Felix Bloch
269:Ising model
265:Ernst Ising
252:Peter Debye
203:August 2024
98:August 2024
576:References
555:announced
439:superfluid
396:BCS theory
302:discovers
152:incomplete
120:This is a
68:newspapers
1424:0036-8075
671:30 August
418:predicts
368:predicts
358:explains
348:discover
1541:Category
1527:38356069
1492:37316659
1432:17789847
1055:: 71–77.
793:43394732
740:Archived
602:Archived
230:strength
135:Timeline
1402:Bibcode
1394:Science
1272:Physica
1170:Bibcode
1129:Bibcode
1007:4135906
987:Bibcode
964:3997900
942:Bibcode
764:].
702:Bibcode
598:5210512
551:2000 –
498:1995 –
484:1986 –
474:1983 –
460:1982 –
450:1980 –
443:1974 –
425:1972 –
414:1959 –
382:1957 –
375:1944 –
364:1942 –
354:1941 –
336:1937 –
308:1933 –
298:1932 –
284:1929 –
273:1928 –
263:1925 –
250:1912 –
240:1911 –
222:1895 –
215:1879 –
82:scholar
1525:
1507:Nature
1490:
1472:Nature
1455:22 May
1430:
1422:
1068:Nature
1005:
979:Nature
962:
934:Nature
791:
608:24 May
596:
433:, and
390:, and
84:
77:
70:
63:
55:
1003:S2CID
960:S2CID
915:(PDF)
900:(PDF)
839:(PDF)
783:[
760:[
743:(PDF)
732:(PDF)
629:[
89:JSTOR
75:books
1523:PMID
1488:PMID
1457:2020
1450:CERN
1428:PMID
1420:ISSN
1348:2024
789:OCLC
673:2024
639:2024
610:2006
594:OCLC
553:CERN
502:and
488:and
464:and
340:and
312:and
288:and
126:and
61:news
1515:doi
1511:626
1480:doi
1476:619
1410:doi
1398:269
1371:doi
1311:doi
1280:doi
1253:doi
1226:doi
1222:109
1178:doi
1166:108
1137:doi
1125:106
1099:doi
1076:doi
1072:150
1030:doi
995:doi
983:142
950:doi
938:141
878:doi
851:doi
816:doi
710:doi
662:doi
534:.
330:of
198:.
158:.
44:by
1543::
1521:.
1509:.
1486:.
1474:.
1448:.
1426:.
1418:.
1408:.
1396:.
1392:.
1367:64
1365:.
1338:.
1334:.
1323:^
1307:58
1305:.
1301:.
1276:73
1274:.
1249:28
1247:.
1220:.
1201:.
1176:.
1164:.
1160:.
1135:.
1123:.
1119:.
1070:.
1051:.
1026:60
1024:.
1001:.
993:.
981:.
958:.
948:.
936:.
932:.
906:.
902:.
874:21
872:.
847:10
841:.
812:49
734:.
708:.
698:39
690:.
656:.
600:.
429:,
404:–
386:,
1529:.
1517::
1494:.
1482::
1459:.
1434:.
1412::
1404::
1377:.
1373::
1350:.
1317:.
1313::
1286:.
1282::
1259:.
1255::
1232:.
1228::
1203:3
1186:.
1180::
1172::
1145:.
1139::
1131::
1101::
1082:.
1078::
1053:5
1036:.
1032::
1009:.
997::
989::
966:.
952::
944::
908:7
884:.
880::
857:.
853::
822:.
818::
795:.
716:.
712::
704::
675:.
664::
641:.
612:.
541:)
537:(
344:/
205:)
201:(
165:)
161:(
111:)
105:(
100:)
96:(
86:·
79:·
72:·
65:·
38:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.