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398:. Indra sought the help of Shiva's son and the god of war Murugan. Murugan sent his messenger Viravaku thevar to the demon, who remained unmoved. A severe battle was fought in Thiruchendur where Murugan killed all the sons of the Surapadman except Iraniyan. Surapadman hid under the sea. Murugan split him into two pieces, which went on to become the god's divine vehicles, peacock and rooster. The day when Murugan slayed Surapadman is celebrated as Skanda Sashti festival in all the Murugan temples.
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s (vehicles) of Shiva, Murugan and
Vinayaka. There is a flight of six steps called the "Shadashara Padigal", before Ardha Mandapam. The rock carvings of Mahisshasura Mardini (Durga), Karpaga Vinayagar (Ganesha), Andarabaranar and Uggirar are seen in the hall. There are five water bodies, namely,
743:(October - November) is the most prominent festival of the temple. Murugan killing Surapadman is enacted during the last of the six days and the festive image of Murugan is taken in different mounts around the streets of the temple during the festival.
522:
The
Kambathadi Mandapam, Ardha Mandapam, and Mahamandapam, the three halls leading to the sanctum, are situated at varying elevations. The main shrine is an early rock-cut temple that has cells that house the sanctums of Murugan,
433:. The temple was later converted into a Hindu temple under the tutelage of Gajapathy, the minister of a later Pandya King, during the latter part of the 8th century. The temple received several additions during the regime of
386:. He started ruling the world on account of the power attained. He married Padumakomalai and had several sons. Viramkendiram, a city created in the seas, became his capital, and he started troubling the
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A notable feature of this temple is that the Shiva and Vishnu face each other in the main shrine, considered a rare thing in ancient Hindu temples. Outside the temple there is a
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lead one to the towering 150 feet (46 m) high seven-tiered rajagopuram at the entrance. The granite hill behind the temple is 1,050 ft (320 m) has a shrine of
437:, who commissioned the pillared halls in the temple. As of 2021, the temple is maintained and administered by the Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Department of the
163:
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550:, where the fishes are served with salt and rice flakes by the devotees. There is also a Vedic school on the banks of the temple pond. In front of the
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601:, one of the 276 temples that find mention in the Saiva canon. The temple is counted as the third in the series of the temples on bank of river
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road. The temple is constructed with rock-cut architecture dating back to the Pandya period of 6th century and the life sized sculptures in the
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by the god
Murugan. According to Hindu legend, the demon king Surapadman once obtained boons, or favors, from the god Shiva due to severe
344:
tradition of worship. Six daily rituals and three yearly festivals are held at the temple, of which the Kantha Sashti festival during the
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763:), with residents of Madurai dressed in festive clothing. Nakkirar's association with this temple is also celebrated as a festival.
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cave. Other theories suggest that the
Murugan temple existed much before the 6th century, and was converted into a Jain shrine by
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535:. All the statues are carved on the wall of the Parankundram rock. Shiva is worshipped as Parangirinathar with his wife
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405:(Deivayanai) to Murugan at Thiruparamkundram. Murugan is believed to have worshipped Shiva here as Parangirinathar.
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775:(Tamil month) are the other festivals celebrated in the temple. Since the image of Vishnu is in the temple,
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690:(waving of lamps) for Uchinathar (Shiva) and Uchinayagi (Parvati). There are weekly rituals like
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visited
Thirupparamkunram and praised the Shiva icon of the temple Uchinathar in ten verses in
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Saravana Poigai, Lakshmi
Theertham, Saniyasi Kinaru (well), Kasi Sunai, and Sathiya Koopam.
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2 Vols., Sharada
Publishing House, New Delhi. Pages xxxii + 248 with 25 plans, 350 plates,
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1052:(1st ed.). Chennai: International Institute of Tamil Studies. pp. 321–22.
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352:(October - November) is the most prominent. The temple is under the purview of the
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by lighting a lamp on top of the hill. Vaikasi
Visakam, and the float festival in
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The temple is located 8 km (5.0 mi) from
Madurai, on the Madurai -
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An introduction to religion and
Philosophy - Tévarám and Tivviyappirapantam
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during the 6th century. According to legend, Murugan slayed the demon
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at the temple. Murugan is also said to have worshipped his father
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Clothey, Fred (1969). "Skanda-Ṣaṣṭi: A Festival in Tamil India".
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658:(rituals). The temple rituals are performed three times a day;
117:
Tamil Nadu Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Department
974:
Art of the Vijayanagara-Nāyakas: Architecture and Iconography.
421:
Inscriptional evidence in the temple points to a history as a
328:. In the main shrine, apart from Murugan, the deities Shiva,
931:. Hindu Religious Endowment Board, Government of Tamil Nadu
27:
Hindu temple of the god Murugan in Thiruparankundram, India
914:
767:
festival is also celebrated during the Tamil month of
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The temple is located 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) from
636:and other works speak of the glory of this shrine.
394:(the king of the gods) and also desired Indra's wife
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at 6:00 p.m. Each ritual comprises four steps:
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Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Department
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999:. Info Kerala Communications Pvt Ltd. p. 551.
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624:and Sambandar composed the Tevaram Pathigam here.
1091:Photo gallery of Thirupparamkunram Murugan Temple
903:. Kanniyakumari: Harikumar Arts. pp. 16–17.
735:Skanda Shashti festival celebrated during the
1401:Religious buildings and structures in Madurai
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1024:. Kolkota: Mark Age Publication. p. 21.
8:
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539:as Aavudai Nayaki. Panels depicting Shiva's
830:(3). The University of Chicago Press: 241.
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608:Sambandar met the three Tamil chiefs, the
301:and is believed to have been built by the
275:Arulmigu Murugan Temple, Thiruparankundram
40:
31:
952:"Further Light on Tirupparaṅkuṉṟam Caves"
628:composed many poems on the Murugan icon.
401:In gratitude, Indra married his daughter
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996:Pilgrimage to Temple Heritage, Volume 1
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871:. Partridge Publishing. pp. 82–3.
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560:(bull), Mayil (peacock) and mouse, the
372:Thiruparamkundram finds mention in the
368:Image of Saravana Poigai and the temple
293:, India. It is regarded as one of the "
956:Annali del Istituto Orientale, Naples
652:The temple priests daily perform the
7:
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801:. Penguin Books India. p. 399.
556:, the flag staff, there is a carved
1406:Buildings and structures in Madurai
929:"Arulmighu Subramania Swamy Temple"
706:(Friday), fortnightly rituals like
503:period during the 16th century. An
640:Religious importance and festivals
25:
1391:Hindu temples in Madurai district
1022:The Top Ten Temple Towns of India
868:Transition, Infinity, and Ecstasy
620:in this temple and blessed them.
515:(Shiva) at the top. The image of
507:with several artistically carved
1320:Thirukkovil Citra VelayudhaSwamy
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317:at the site as Parangirinathar.
169:
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798:Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide
429:under the aegis of Pandya king
340:are housed. The temple follows
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18:Tirupparankunram Murugan Temple
1048:R., Dr. Vijayalakshmy (2001).
591:. As the temple is revered in
543:are seen outside the sanctum.
1:
1411:Murugan temples in Tamil Nadu
1067:"Sri Subramania Swamy temple"
712:, and monthly festivals like
575:The 7th-century Shaiva saint
285:(also known as Kartikeya) at
1245:Manavalanallur(Kolanjiappar)
865:Hariramsai, Suresh (2016).
701:
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648:View of the temple entrance
1427:
993:Mathew, Biju, ed. (2013).
950:Rajarajan, R.K.K. (1991).
390:(the gods). He imprisoned
972:Rajarajan, R.K.K. (2006)
378:detailing the slaying of
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1396:Hindu temples in Madurai
439:Government of Tamil Nadu
309:and married his consort
666:at 12:00 a.m. and
295:First Houses of Murugan
35:Arulmigu Murugan Temple
901:Temples in South India
795:Dalal, Roshen (2010).
649:
595:, it is classified as
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369:
188:Geographic coordinates
178:Location in Tamil Nadu
1295:Paimpozhil Thirumalai
1020:Karkar, S.C. (2009).
915:"TNHRCE.org - TNHRCE"
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299:rock-cut architecture
281:dedicated to the god
106:Skanda Sasti Festival
824:History of Religions
779:is also celebrated.
728:(full moon day) and
686:(food offering) and
598:Paadal Petra Sthalam
662:at 8:00 a.m.,
483:Ulagalantha Perumal
297:". The temple uses
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761:Chittirai festival
747:here falls in the
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235:Tamil architecture
210:9.8798°N 78.0711°E
104:, Avani Festival,
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1365:Waterfall Hilltop
1144:Thiruparankundram
1069:. Dinamalar. 2014
1031:978-81-87952-12-1
777:Vaikunta Ekadashi
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287:Thiruparankundram
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1265:Maviddapuram
1255:Malai Mandir
1240:Kumarakottam
1230:Kazhugumalai
1225:Kandhakottam
1143:
1071:. Retrieved
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759:'s wedding (
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531:, Shiva and
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279:Hindu temple
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226:Architecture
46:View of the
29:
1345:Viralimalai
1340:Vennaimalai
1280:Pachaimalai
1260:Marudamalai
1220:Kathirkamam
1200:Chennimalai
1195:Brickfields
1149:Tiruchendur
899:V., Meena.
737:Tamil month
683:naivethanam
668:Sayarakshai
630:Tiruppugazh
346:Tamil month
254:6th century
213: /
61:Affiliation
1385:Categories
1330:Vallimalai
1325:Vadapalani
1315:Thiruporur
1305:Siruvapuri
1290:Rathnagiri
1250:Kundrakudi
1185:Batu Caves
1164:Thiruthani
1159:Swamimalai
935:29 January
783:References
720:kiruthigai
702:sukravaram
660:Kalasanthi
548:water tank
463:, form of
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380:Surapadman
307:Surapadman
201:78°04′16″E
142:Tamil Nadu
92:Deivayanai
1370:Clairwood
1285:Poombarai
1190:Biccavolu
852:162341469
769:Karthigai
751:month of
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678:alangaram
673:abhisheka
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198:9°52′47″N
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1360:Velakkai
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757:Minakshi
725:pournami
715:amavasai
626:Nakkirar
622:Sundarar
616:and the
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517:Vinayaka
417:Top View
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311:Devasena
128:Location
123:Location
72:District
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55:Religion
1335:Vayalur
1215:Haripad
1129:temples
1127:Murugan
844:1061761
753:Panguni
741:Aippasi
593:Tevaram
582:Tevaram
537:Parvati
509:pillars
497:mandapa
493:Tenkasi
409:History
396:Indrani
384:penance
350:Aippasi
322:Madurai
303:Pandyas
283:Murugan
259:Website
245:Pandyas
241:Creator
148:Country
88:Murugan
76:Madurai
48:Gopuram
1300:Sikkal
1275:Nallur
1178:Others
1154:Palani
1073:31 May
1028:
1003:
980:
875:
850:
842:
805:
618:Pandya
612:, the
603:Vaigai
563:vahana
533:Vishnu
501:Nayaka
479:Vishnu
360:Legend
342:Shaiva
330:Vishnu
1235:Kukke
1205:Engan
848:S2CID
840:JSTOR
749:Tamil
614:Chola
610:Chera
558:Nandi
525:Durga
465:Shiva
392:Indra
388:devas
338:Durga
326:India
315:Shiva
277:is a
152:India
138:State
83:Deity
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1026:ISBN
1001:ISBN
978:ISBN
937:2017
873:ISBN
803:ISBN
773:Thai
655:puja
423:Jain
231:Type
90:and
832:doi
739:of
732:.
481:as
348:of
324:in
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1058:^
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