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gene to the foal, then its spots will be visible while it is young, but will gradually become lighter until finally, as the gray gene acts upon all coat colors, the entire horse's coat fades. In the case of horses that are born tobiano but turn gray, the skin will retain pigmented and unpigmented
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gene was discovered. This inversion was finally mapped for genetic testing and is now offered by several laboratories. Testing is most often intended to determine homozygosity, but is also useful in cases where a horse has grayed, or if a horse has an unexplained loss of pigmentation.
232:
ancestors, and thus have produced affected offspring when bred to another horse that is also a carrier. In some cases, a horse which carries both tobiano and overo genetics may display white markings that combine both patterns, and are referred to as
179:
origin, first used in Brazil to describe horses brought to
Farroupilha's War by Brigadeiro Rafael Tobias de Aguiar. (HOUAISS, A. VILLAR, M. de S. Dicionário Houaiss da LĂngua Portuguesa. Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, 2001. p. 2727).
80:
produces white-haired, pink-skinned patches on a base coat color. The coloration is almost always present from birth and does not change throughout the horse's lifetime, unless the horse also carries the
156:
Facial markings are similar to those of a traditionally solid-colored horse. i.e. star, snip, strip, or blaze. Extreme white facial markings suggest the presence of additional color pattern genes beyond
196:. Therefore, one parent must be a tobiano for the pattern to occur, and the coat pattern will occur with a single copy of the tobiano gene present (i.e. the horse is
132:
500:
259:
is available to help determine the presence of the tobiano gene. Originally, there was no direct test for tobiano; the early tobiano tests utilized six
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event. It is thought to be an ancient gene among domestic horses, about 3500 years old, and is widely distributed across many breeds in the world.
221:, may not reliably produce spotted offspring if bred to another horse with a dilution gene, as a double-dilution may "wash out" the base color.
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for tobiano coloring, all of that horse's offspring will be spotted, with only a few exceptions: if either parent passes the dominant
358:
475:
Veterinary
Genetics Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis. Web Site accessed January 12, 2008
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Veterinary
Genetics Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis. Web Site accessed January 12, 2008
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Veterinary
Genetics Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis. Web Site accessed January 13, 2008
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Veterinary
Genetics Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis. Web Site accessed January 12, 2008
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on ECA3 where the gene order of a section spanning nearly one-third of the chromosome "flipped" during a
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skin beneath its hair that may produce "ghost" markings. A homozygous tobiano that also carries a
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908:
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903:
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Paul D. Vrotsos RVT and
Elizabeth M. Santschi DVM. University of Minnesota Genetics Group.
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89:, so any tobiano horse must have at least one parent who carries the tobiano gene.
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3, which were closely linked to tobiano but could not be used to officially prove
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White patches which are usually rounded or oval in shape, rather than jagged (see
40:
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if white and any base color other than black. Sometimes "painted" is also used.
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275:. After some years of research from the University of Kentucky, in 2008 the
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228:. However, some tobiano horses may be carriers of the gene if they have
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Dark color extending down the neck, giving the appearance of a shield
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White crossing the back between the withers and the dock of the tail
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108:, tobianos are frequently referred to as "coloured" or as "pied":
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Other spotting patterns seen in pinto horses include
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353:(2. ed.). Wallingford: CABI. pp. 56–59.
120:and white tobiano horses are also referred to as
143:Tobiano traits generally include the following:
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8:
349:Bailey, Ernest; Brooks, Samantha A. (2013).
200:for tobiano). Furthermore, when a horse is
68:is a spotted color pattern commonly seen in
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725:
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224:The tobiano gene itself is not linked to
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213:, such as a pinto with a base color of
147:White legs from the hocks and knees down
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153:White is arranged in a vertical pattern
470:"Introduction to Coat Color Genetics"
374:"Introduction to Coat Color Genetics"
7:
390:"Stalking the Lethal White Syndrome"
14:
557:
39:
23:
16:Spotted color pattern in horses
1:
447:Animal Genetics Incorporated
263:, including a marker on the
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1011:Category:Horse coat colors
980:Endothelin receptor type B
945:Equine coat color genetics
303:Equine coat color genetics
1008:
737:
627:
596:
555:
435:"DNA Testing for Tobiano"
34:, tobiano-patterned horse
461:"Horse coat color tests"
245:Tobiano occurs due to a
1000:Melanocortin 1 receptor
140:
46:A black-and-white, or
938:Genetics and breeding
779:Base color variations
708:Lethal white syndrome
277:chromosomal inversion
251:genetic recombination
247:chromosomal inversion
226:lethal white syndrome
139:on a piebald tobiano.
135:
298:American Paint Horse
112:if black and white,
50:, tobiano-patterned
30:A bay-and-white, or
401:Paint Horse Journal
909:Primitive markings
510:Equine coat colors
440:2010-09-17 at the
418:2010-05-15 at the
395:2008-10-26 at the
281:regulatory regions
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1030:Horse coat colors
1017:
1016:
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813:
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653:
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629:double dilution:
598:single dilution:
308:Equine coat color
192:gene, designated
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904:Point coloration
847:Roaning patterns
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615:
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518:Base coat colors
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72:, produced by a
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819:Leopard complex
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610:(also known as
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534:(also known as
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455:Further reading
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442:Wayback Machine
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261:genetic markers
257:Genetic testing
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128:Characteristics
76:. The tobiano
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52:miniature horse
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747:Splashed white
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106:United Kingdom
98:splashed white
85:gene. It is a
59:Tobiano horses
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211:dilution gene
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188:Tobiano is a
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87:dominant gene
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74:dominant gene
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26:
995:STX17 (Gray)
955:Horse genome
837:Knabstrupper
830:
827:Varnish roan
763:
721:and patterns
703:Sabino-white
668:
667:Blue dun or
472:
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444:
430:
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408:
403:. July 1998.
400:
384:
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369:
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323:Sabino horse
284:
273:homozygosity
264:
255:
244:
223:
198:heterozygous
193:
187:
172:
170:
142:
91:
70:pinto horses
65:
64:
950:Color breed
805:Tricoloured
782:(primarily
642:Smoky cream
619:Smoky black
318:Pinto horse
241:DNA testing
122:tricoloured
94:frame overo
784:UK English
665:(see also
612:Isabelline
548:Seal brown
329:References
269:chromosome
202:homozygous
177:Portuguese
137:Shah Jahan
104:. In the
929:Tiger eye
833:Appaloosa
831:See also
657:Champagne
546:included
413:"Tobiano"
171:The word
1024:Category
975:KIT gene
960:Wildtype
924:Mushroom
859:Rabicano
800:Skewbald
632:Cremello
607:Palomino
602:Buckskin
531:Chestnut
438:Archived
416:Archived
393:Archived
292:See also
219:buckskin
215:palomino
190:dominant
184:Genetics
114:skewbald
32:skewbald
965:Melanin
899:Pangaré
889:Cropout
884:Brindle
795:Piebald
764:Tobiano
637:Perlino
283:of the
235:toveros
173:tobiano
157:tobiano
110:piebald
66:Tobiano
48:piebald
970:Agouti
919:Flaxen
769:Tovero
757:Sabino
669:Grullo
536:Sorrel
357:
175:is of
102:sabino
914:Sooty
894:Liver
872:Other
752:Frame
742:Overo
691:White
677:Pearl
589:Cream
526:Black
313:Overo
230:overo
162:overo
990:PAX3
985:MITF
854:Roan
835:and
572:Gray
567:Gray
473:from
464:from
445:from
423:from
377:from
355:ISBN
206:gray
100:and
83:gray
78:gene
662:Dun
543:Bay
285:KIT
265:KIT
217:or
118:Bay
1026::
399:.
337:^
237:.
194:TO
124:.
96:,
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672:)
614:)
538:)
502:e
495:t
488:v
363:.
164:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
