29:
362:. Therefore, Toda, her son García Sánchez I of Pamplona and grandson Sancho I of León, nobles and clergymen arrived in Córdoba, where they were received with full honors and amid much pomp. The arrival of this Christian queen in the capital of an Islamic caliphate enhanced Abd-ar-Rahman III's prestige among his subjects, and is considered a landmark in the history of medieval
323:. In 934 Toda signed a treaty pledging allegiance to her nephew Abd-ar-Rahman III, and released hostages of the Banu Di n-Nun clan, the caliph confirming the rule of her son García (this has sometimes been interpreted as an act of the Caliph to liberate García from his mother's direct control). This led to the rebellion in
330:
During several stretches she appears in the royal charters of the kingdom to the exclusion of her daughter-in-law, the queen, from 947 to 955, and again in 959. In 958 she was ruling her own subkingdom, in the area of
403:
reversed the order of Onneca's marriages, though this alternative timeline is not without its own difficulties. Arturo Cañada Juste has recently proposed that a different error underlies the problem, that the
412:. Were it the latter Onneca who was also wife of ‘Abdullah, it would resolve chronological concerns, while making Abd-al-Rahman III the first cousin, rather than nephew, of Toda and her siblings.
1143:
1158:
399:. However, the resulting timeline has been dismissed as it would necessitate Toda being improbably old at the time of her son García's birth. Most historians have concluded that the
327:
by a count Fortún Garcés, an "irascible man who hated
Muslims", the uprising being suppressed with Cordoban arms. Toda violated her treaty in 937, forcing a punitive campaign.
797:
885:
395:, which reports that Sancho, Toda and Sancha were born to Onneca's first marriage to Aznar Sánchez, and Abd-al-Rahman III was grandson of a second marriage to Emir
623:. 2nd series: Medieval Period. Vol. 2, The Dark Ages: Jews in Christian Europe, 711–1096. Tel Aviv: Massadah Publishing. pp. 357–381.
790:
961:
933:
724:
688:
652:
577:
455:
1009:
981:
938:
1148:
1133:
910:
905:
220:
1153:
369:
Toda was an energetic diplomat, arranging political marriages for her daughters among the competing royalty and nobility of
Christian
320:
292:
204:
70:
1128:
783:
1163:
1094:
1004:
806:
751:
664:
Andalusian
Diplomatic Relations with Western Europe during the Umayyad Period (A.H. 138–366 / A.D. 755–976): An Historical Survey
268:
39:
389:
The relationship of Toda and her siblings to Abd al-Rahman III is based on the genealogy of the rulers of
Pamplona found in the
1138:
228:
1168:
1098:
971:
895:
257:
247:
146:
141:
1173:
304:
136:
1118:
870:
350:, whose obesity was largely responsible for his dethronement. Toda requested the assistance of Abd-ar-Rahman III, the
396:
332:
78:
319:
With the death of her brother-in-law King Jimeno in 931, Queen Toda became regent and guardian for her young son,
875:
612:
635:
Collins, Roger, "Queens-Dowager and Queens-Regnant in Tenth-Century León and
Navarre", in John Carmi Parsons,
216:
158:
351:
1019:
900:
1053:
915:
847:
767:
359:
261:
966:
865:
409:
251:
240:
196:
122:
1123:
1077:
976:
857:
347:
283:
192:
366:. Sancho's medical treatment was successful, and he was "relieved from his excessive corpulence."
1072:
925:
810:
355:
996:
834:
408:
partially confused Onneca Fortuñez, wife of Aznar Sánchez, with her aunt Onneca Garcés, wife of
343:
279:
232:
224:
168:
1027:
986:
943:
852:
761:
720:
703:
684:
667:
648:
647:. Biblioteca de Bolsillo, v. 133 (in Spanish). Barcelona: Editorial Critica. pp. 85–127.
624:
600:
588:
573:
451:
391:
370:
308:
236:
129:
28:
443:
1063:
890:
880:
643:
Guichard, Pierre (2008). "El apogeo del Islam andalusí (siglo X – inicios del siglo XIII)".
303:
Having died while their son was still underage, Toda's husband was succeeded by his brother
296:
1082:
1033:
180:
953:
275:
1112:
683:. Handbuch der Orientalistik. Vol. Part 1, Volume 12. Leiden: E.J. Brill.
616:
707:
628:
604:
207:
from 931. She was herself descended from the previous royal dynasty, Aritza.
775:
363:
354:
being renowned for its physicians. The caliph sent her his Jewish physician
671:
700:
Hispano-Arabic Poetry and Its
Relations with the Old Provençal Troubadours
719:. Colecciones MAPFRE 1492, v. 6 (in Spanish). Madrid: Editorial MAPFRE.
589:"Doña Onneca, una princesa vascona en la corte de los emires cordobeses"
358:, who promised to cure Sancho on condition that Toda visit the city of
336:
82:
1044:
324:
200:
444:"Queens-Dowager and Queens-Regent in Tenth-Century León and Navarre"
235:
dynasty of
Navarrese monarchs. Toda was an aunt or cousin of Caliph
824:
744:
779:
342:
The same year, she took an interest in the health of her
1062:
1043:
1018:
995:
952:
924:
833:
817:
164:
154:
128:
118:
108:
100:
96:
88:
76:
66:
58:
53:
45:
38:
21:
260:, queen of León from 926 until 931 as the wife of
250:, queen of León from 931 until 951 as the wife of
1144:10th-century people from the Kingdom of Pamplona
1159:9th-century people from the Kingdom of Pamplona
791:
8:
243:, with whom she had the following children:
267:Sancha, countess of Castile as the wife of
798:
784:
776:
733:
27:
18:
478:
476:
666:(1st ed.). Beirut: Dar al-Irshad.
425:
382:
621:The World History of the Jewish People
231:. Thus, Toda was a descendant of the
16:Queen consort to Sancho I of Pamplona
7:
679:Jayyusi, Salma Khadra, ed. (1992).
307:, who was married to Toda's sister
274:Velasquita, married first to Count
14:
662:Hajji, Abd al-Rahman Ali (1970).
286:, and finally to Fortún Galindez;
187:; died 15 October 958), known as
715:Vallvé Bermejo, Joaquín (1992).
446:. In Parsons, John Carmi (ed.).
442:Collins, Roger (30 April 2016).
470:Roger Collins, "Queens-Dowager"
203:during the minority of her son
113:Monastery of San Millán de Suso
615:(1966). "Christian Spain". In
1:
972:Joan II, Countess of Burgundy
587:Cañada Juste, Arturo (2013).
572:. New Delhi: Goodword Books.
698:Nykl, Alois Richard (1974).
568:Azizur Rahman, Syed (2001).
219:, paternal grandson of King
137:Garcia Sanchez I of Pamplona
432:Cañada Juste, "Doña Onneca"
410:Aznar Galíndez II of Aragon
239:. Toda was married to King
199:. She ruled the kingdom as
1190:
1149:10th-century Spanish women
1134:10th-century women regents
896:Urraca of León and Castile
681:The Legacy of Muslim Spain
570:The Story of Islamic Spain
221:García Íñiguez of Pamplona
147:Onneca Sánchez of Pamplona
142:Urraca Sánchez of Pamplona
1154:9th-century Spanish women
1091:
758:
752:Queen consort of Pamplona
749:
741:
736:
613:Cantera Burgos, Francisco
40:Queen consort of Pamplona
33:Toda's tomb's inscription
26:
1129:Navarrese royal consorts
450:. Springer. p. 89.
217:Aznar Sánchez of Larraun
159:Aznar Sánchez of Larraun
54:Queen regent of Pamplona
1164:Navarrese queen mothers
227:was a daughter of King
717:El Califato de Córdoba
645:Las Españas medievales
639:, 1998, pp. 79–92
509:Vallvé Bermejo, p. 177
482:Cantera Burgos, p. 363
397:‘Abdullah ibn Muhammad
1054:Marguerite de Navarre
916:Constance of Toulouse
536:Azizur Rahman, p. 147
282:, then to Galindo of
215:Toda was daughter of
1169:10th-century regents
967:Clementia of Hungary
962:Margaret of Burgundy
702:. Geneva: Slatkine.
352:Caliphate of Córdoba
241:Sancho I of Pamplona
123:Sancho I of Pamplona
1020:House of Trastámara
982:Marie of Luxembourg
977:Blanche of Burgundy
934:Margaret of Bourbon
901:Margaret of L'Aigle
373:. She died in 958.
299:from 925 until 970.
223:, while her mother
195:by her marriage to
1119:9th-century births
1073:Margaret of Valois
1010:Eleanor of Castile
939:Isabella of France
926:House of Champagne
886:Agnes of Aquitaine
848:Andregoto Galíndez
768:Andregoto Galíndez
637:Medieval Queenship
448:Medieval Queenship
356:Hasdai ibn Shaprut
1106:
1105:
944:Blanche of Artois
911:Sancha of Castile
906:Urraca of Castile
774:
773:
759:Succeeded by
726:978-84-7100-406-2
690:978-90-04-09599-1
654:978-84-7423-812-9
593:Príncipe de Viana
579:978-81-87570-57-8
457:978-1-137-08859-8
237:Abd-al-Rahman III
193:queen of Pamplona
174:
173:
1181:
1174:House of Jiménez
1139:House of Íñiguez
1078:Marie de' Medici
1064:House of Bourbon
891:Bertha of Aragon
862:Jimena Fernández
858:Urraca Fernández
835:House of Jiménez
818:House of Íñiguez
800:
793:
786:
777:
742:Preceded by
734:
730:
711:
694:
675:
658:
632:
608:
599:(258): 481–502.
583:
555:
552:
546:
543:
537:
534:
528:
527:Guichard, p. 101
525:
519:
516:
510:
507:
501:
498:
492:
489:
483:
480:
471:
468:
462:
461:
439:
433:
430:
413:
387:
321:García Sánchez I
297:king of Pamplona
205:García Sánchez I
189:Toda of Pamplona
71:García Sánchez I
31:
19:
1189:
1188:
1184:
1183:
1182:
1180:
1179:
1178:
1109:
1108:
1107:
1102:
1099:Queen of France
1095:Queen of Aragon
1087:
1083:Anne of Austria
1066:- Lower Navarre
1058:
1047:- Lower Navarre
1045:House of Albret
1039:
1034:Agnes of Cleves
1014:
997:House of Évreux
991:
948:
920:
829:
813:
804:
770:
766:
764:
755:
747:
727:
714:
697:
691:
678:
661:
655:
642:
611:
586:
580:
567:
564:
559:
558:
553:
549:
544:
540:
535:
531:
526:
522:
517:
513:
508:
504:
499:
495:
490:
486:
481:
474:
469:
465:
458:
441:
440:
436:
431:
427:
422:
417:
416:
388:
384:
379:
317:
269:Fernán González
225:Onneca Fortúnez
213:
169:Onneca Fortúnez
114:
34:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1187:
1185:
1177:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1121:
1111:
1110:
1104:
1103:
1092:
1089:
1088:
1086:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1069:
1067:
1060:
1059:
1057:
1056:
1050:
1048:
1041:
1040:
1038:
1037:
1030:
1028:Juana Enríquez
1024:
1022:
1016:
1015:
1013:
1012:
1007:
1005:Joan of Valois
1001:
999:
993:
992:
990:
989:
987:Joan of Évreux
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
958:
956:
954:House of Capet
950:
949:
947:
946:
941:
936:
930:
928:
922:
921:
919:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
860:
855:
853:Teresa Ramírez
850:
845:
839:
837:
831:
830:
828:
827:
821:
819:
815:
814:
807:Royal consorts
805:
803:
802:
795:
788:
780:
772:
771:
762:Sancha Aznárez
760:
757:
748:
743:
739:
738:
732:
731:
725:
712:
695:
689:
676:
659:
653:
640:
633:
609:
595:(in Spanish).
584:
578:
563:
560:
557:
556:
554:Jayyusi, p. 37
547:
538:
529:
520:
511:
502:
493:
484:
472:
463:
456:
434:
424:
423:
421:
418:
415:
414:
392:Códice de Roda
381:
380:
378:
375:
316:
313:
301:
300:
290:
287:
272:
265:
255:
212:
209:
172:
171:
166:
162:
161:
156:
152:
151:
150:
149:
144:
139:
132:
126:
125:
120:
116:
115:
112:
110:
106:
105:
102:
98:
97:
94:
93:
90:
86:
85:
74:
73:
68:
64:
63:
60:
56:
55:
51:
50:
47:
43:
42:
36:
35:
32:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1186:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1116:
1114:
1100:
1096:
1090:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1061:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1042:
1036:
1035:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1025:
1023:
1021:
1017:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1002:
1000:
998:
994:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
959:
957:
955:
951:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
931:
929:
927:
923:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
840:
838:
836:
832:
826:
823:
822:
820:
816:
812:
808:
801:
796:
794:
789:
787:
782:
781:
778:
769:
763:
754:
753:
746:
740:
737:Royal titles
735:
728:
722:
718:
713:
709:
705:
701:
696:
692:
686:
682:
677:
673:
669:
665:
660:
656:
650:
646:
641:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
585:
581:
575:
571:
566:
565:
561:
551:
548:
542:
539:
533:
530:
524:
521:
515:
512:
506:
503:
500:Nykl, pp. 6–7
497:
494:
488:
485:
479:
477:
473:
467:
464:
459:
453:
449:
445:
438:
435:
429:
426:
419:
411:
407:
402:
398:
394:
393:
386:
383:
376:
374:
372:
367:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
340:
338:
334:
328:
326:
322:
314:
312:
310:
306:
305:Jimeno Garcés
298:
294:
291:
288:
285:
281:
277:
273:
270:
266:
263:
259:
256:
253:
249:
246:
245:
244:
242:
238:
234:
230:
229:Fortún Garcés
226:
222:
218:
210:
208:
206:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
170:
167:
163:
160:
157:
153:
148:
145:
143:
140:
138:
135:
134:
133:
131:
127:
124:
121:
117:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
84:
80:
75:
72:
69:
65:
61:
57:
52:
48:
44:
41:
37:
30:
25:
20:
1032:
842:
750:
716:
699:
680:
663:
644:
636:
620:
596:
592:
569:
550:
545:Hajji, p. 76
541:
532:
523:
518:Hajji, p. 75
514:
505:
496:
491:Hajji, p. 74
487:
466:
447:
437:
428:
405:
400:
390:
385:
368:
341:
329:
318:
302:
233:Íñigo Arista
214:
188:
184:
177:Toda Aznárez
176:
175:
617:Roth, Cecil
276:Munio Vélaz
1124:958 deaths
1113:Categories
420:References
262:Alfonso IV
185:Tota Aznar
876:Placentia
871:Stephanie
866:Muniadona
708:461778757
629:230268286
605:0032-8472
364:diplomacy
346:grandson
337:Lizarrara
284:Ribagorza
252:Ramiro II
83:Lizarrara
77:Queen of
49:905 – 925
756:905–925
348:Sancho I
293:García I
197:Sancho I
1097:. Also
881:Felicia
811:Navarre
672:3242315
619:(ed.).
562:Sources
360:Córdoba
344:Leonese
335:" and "
289:Orbita;
67:Monarch
62:931–934
59:Regency
723:
706:
687:
670:
651:
627:
603:
576:
454:
406:Códice
401:Códice
371:Iberia
325:Falces
309:Sancha
258:Onneca
248:Urraca
211:Family
201:regent
191:, was
181:Basque
165:Mother
155:Father
119:Spouse
109:Burial
92:c. 958
46:Tenure
1093:Also
825:Auria
745:Auria
377:Notes
280:Álava
130:Issue
89:Reign
843:Toda
721:ISBN
704:OCLC
685:ISBN
668:OCLC
649:ISBN
625:OCLC
601:ISSN
574:ISBN
452:ISBN
333:Deio
315:Rule
101:Died
81:and
79:Deio
22:Toda
809:of
339:".
278:of
104:958
1115::
765:or
597:74
591:.
475:^
311:.
295:,
183::
1101:.
799:e
792:t
785:v
729:.
710:.
693:.
674:.
657:.
631:.
607:.
582:.
460:.
331:"
271:;
264:;
254:;
179:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
