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arrested by
Constable Crowe and put in the Fitzroy lock-up. Early the next morning when Gange was roused, "he appeared to be in a fit" and was taken to Melbourne Hospital in a cab where he later died. A coronial inquest that concluded on January 29 found that Gange had died "of an effusion of blood on the brain, caused by direct violence to the top of his head", but there was "no direct evidence to show how he received the injury". The jury expressed the opinion that Gange had received the fatal injury prior to being arrested. The references to the case published in the
462:
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353:
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97:
372:. Durkin and Dyson were part-owners of the newspaper, together with James Hamilton Smith. The journal, first printed in 1890, was described as "an illustrated comic weekly" and had its offices at 367a Little Bourke Street in Melbourne. The publication featured full-page cartoons and cover illustrations drawn by Durkin. During his time at
811:(A.N.A.) was a mutual society founded in Melbourne in 1871 for the benefit of white native-born Australians (with membership restricted to that group). In 1898 the A.N.A. adopted the rule that "a person born at sea on the voyage of his mother to an Australasian colony shall be deemed eligible for membership".
405:
proprietors was that the published comments and pictorial representation "were not meant to apply to the plaintiff individually, but to the lesser intellectual portion of the police force". The judge agreed that the article and illustration constituted libel and awarded damages of £100 against Dyson
395:
newspaper, Dyson, Durkin and Smith, seeking to recover £250 damages for libel. The alleged libel had been published on 29 January 1891, referring to the arrest and subsequent death of Alfred Gange, a cab-owner. Gange had been drunk on the streets of
Fitzroy on the afternoon of January 22 and was
564:
In
December 1901, it was reported that Durkin was "lying seriously ill, of jaundice, in Melbourne Hospital". He was suffering from "a malignant growth on the liver" (also described as "an abscess on the liver"). By early February 1902 Durkin had been discharged from hospital after undergoing "a
319:
included 'The Last Woman', depicting a semi-nude female figure addressing "Old Sol on the subject of departed fashion", against a background of "a heavy thunderstorm and impending chaos". Durkin contributed seven other large-format cartoons to the 1883 almanac, together with a number of "smaller
400:
was made up of "caustic remarks about the want of intelligence in the ordinary constable, and stated that Gange was only one of a number of unfortunate wretches who had been arrested in a dying state". An accompanying double-page cartoon by Durkin, as alleged by
Constable Crowe, depicted him as
511:
s
Melbourne cartoonist. Ashton had been contributing a regular full-page of cartoons and caricatures on a weekly basis, as commentary on political and social issues and current news-stories, most often as they related to Melbourne. When Durkin replaced Ashton he also produced a weekly
663:
33:
276:, which were published from September 1873 to April 1875. The drawings were caricatures of thirty-six prominent men (and one woman), grouped under the title of 'Masks and Faces'. The concept was modelled on the 'Men of the Day' series of caricatures in London's
778:
reached
Melbourne in late April 1853 "the ship was virtually insolvent". In August 1853 the ship was sold and made several trips between Melbourne and Adelaide. The vessel was destroyed by fire in February 1854 whilst laid up in Hobsons Bay, Port
715:
643:
683:
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in South Africa, the vessel had run out of fuel. The
Captain was dismissed and the supercargo, William Smith, was eventually able to raise the funds, at a very high interest rate, to continue the voyage. When the
699:
152:
magazine, the first
Australian-born artist to join its staff. He contributed a regular full-page of Melbourne-themed cartoons and caricatures, as well as smaller format illustrations. Durkin left
128:. He contributed to a variety of newspapers and illustrated journals during the 1870s and 1880s, including a series of caricatures of prominent Victorians published in the Melbourne newspaper,
607:
749:
at latitude 29°S and longitude 3°W. Some references claim Durkin was "born at sea near
Victoria", but the location in the South Atlantic is based on the stated geographic co-ordinates.
218:, after which he was apprenticed to an engraver. When the term of apprenticeship expired he found a job earning adult wages as a journeyman to a leading Melbourne jeweller.
533:
Durkin "had a genius for mechanics". In the last few years of his life he devoted himself to his various inventions, including a "novel weighbridge of his devising".
315:. A reviewer of the publication described Durkin as "well known for the special talent he possesses of delineating facial expression". His contributions to the
180:
in early
September 1852. Michael Durkin was a native of county Sligo in Ireland and Jane was born in the United States; the couple had married in March 1852 at
1651:
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391:
In late April 1891, Constable Cornelius Crowe, a policeman stationed at Fitzroy, initiated an action in the County Court against the proprietors of the
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287:
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286:. The illustration was entitled 'An Old Colonist' and came as a coloured supplement in the newspaper. The final caricature in the series was of
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135:
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serious operation". It was initially thought that the operation had been successful, but "the disease developed again almost immediately".
512:
Melbourne-themed page of cartoons and caricatures, similar to the pages previously done by Ashton, in addition to smaller-format cartoons.
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in the United States and launched in 1851. The steam-ship departed from New York on September 1852 for Australia. By the time it reached
496:
148:
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incompetent, lacking intellect and engaging in "inhuman conduct", holding him up to "contempt, hatred and ridicule". The argument of the
156:
in 1898, intending to travel to England, but his plans were abandoned through illness. Tom Durkin died of a liver disease in April 1902.
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which commenced in June 1879, described as a journal "brimful of wit, wisdom, satire and impudence". He also contributed to
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Durkin's wood engraving portrait of Miss Nellie Stewart was used for the cover of the 23 February 1884 edition of the
352:
573:
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330:
282:. The 'Masks and Faces' series commenced on 27 September 1873 with the publication of Durkin's caricature of
125:
236:
795:
in Canberra holds fourteen lithographic prints from Durkin's 'Masks and Faces' series in its collection.
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website, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University; accessed 2 December 2023.
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and Durkin. The judge determined that Smith had no part in the publication of the libel. The
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at the end of April 1898, intending to depart for London soon afterwards to join the staff of
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newspaper. From 1893 Durkin was employed as the Melbourne cartoonist for the Sydney-based
214:
Durkin trained at the Williamstown School of Design, learning the trade of engraving and
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211:
As a boy Durkin had a passion for sketching. He was "wholly self-taught as an artist".
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Tom Durkin died on 29 April 1902 at his mother's residence in the Melbourne suburb of
556:. Durkin left Melbourne for Sydney, but did not proceed to London "through illness".
515:
Tom Durkin was considered to be the first Australian-born artist to join the staff of
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881:
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377:
345:. Durkin also worked for three years as the staff artist for the Melbourne journal,
307:
In December 1882, a number of cartoons and illustrations by Durkin were published in
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721:'Beg pardon, mum, could you give me a drink – anything but water?', published in
215:
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341:, described as "a very spicy production". Durkin contributed illustrations to
381:
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113:
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Durkin produced a series of lithographic prints for the Melbourne newspaper,
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Family records state that Thomas Durkin was born at sea in 1853, aboard the
121:
669:'Government by Selection' featuring a caricature of the Victorian Premier
766:
519:(though in a technical sense, he was born on board an incoming vessel).
376:
Durkin taught the "rudiments of art" to Edward Dyson's younger brothers
293:
In 1876, Tom Durkin and Bridget Agnes Murphy were married in Victoria.
368:
to establish a similar publication in Melbourne, which they named the
164:
Thomas Coleman Durkin was the eldest son of Michael Durkin and Jane (
134:. Fourteen lithographic prints from this series are now held by the
192:
arrived at Melbourne in April 1853. Thomas' parents settled in the
503:
In February 1893, Durkin replaced George Rossi Ashton (brother of
351:
253:
544:, a leading English illustrated journal. He was replaced as the
185:
1049:(Melbourne), 27 September 1873, page 1 (supplement); see also
138:
in Canberra. In the early 1890s Durkin was a part-owner with
1016:
website, Government of Australia; accessed 22 November 2023.
296:
Durkin also worked as an artist for the Victorian magazine
247:. In the early 1870s Durkin started a "comic paper" named
1033:
website, Australian Government; accessed 23 November 2023.
1069:(Melbourne), 3 April 1875, page 1 (supplement); see also
483:'Things we see when we go out on our bike', published in
172:
in the South Atlantic Ocean south-east of the island of
204:, where Michael Durkin established a dairy business at
176:. His parents had departed from New York aboard the
1598:
Trip of the Great Britain From Melbourne to the Cape
959:
The Inked-In Image: A Survey of Australian Comic Art
526:, Durkin also contributed cartoons to the Melbourne
494:By 1889, Durkin had begun contributing cartoons to
89:
77:
69:
61:
51:
39:
23:
1602:The Shipping Gazette and Sydney General Trade List
388:was considered to be an "unofficial Labor paper".
243:was printed in the building later occupied by the
262:, Acting Chief Justice of Victoria, published in
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1411:
1409:
1549:Now Ready. Tom Durkin's Original Comic Sketches
552:, who had previously worked for the Melbourne
231:Durkin's first published cartoons appeared in
414:was renamed, ceased publication in mid-1892.
65:Artist, cartoonist, illustrator, caricaturist
8:
356:A caricature of Tom Durkin (artist unknown).
311:, the annual holiday-season publication by
1341:Ashton's final Melbourne-themed page was:
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866:
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251:, which was also printed at Williamstown.
31:
20:
1517:Tom Durkin, the black-and-white artist...
1496:
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1043:Masks & Faces.No. 1 – An Old Colonist
914:
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196:area near Melbourne, on the west side of
168:Coleman), born at sea in 1853 aboard the
112:(1853 – 29 April 1902) was an Australian
1257:
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961:, Melbourne: William Heinemann, page 13.
364:magazine inspired Durkin and the writer
822:
689:'Mostly About Melbourne', published in
633:'Barmen Versus Barmaids', published in
603:
467:'A Melb. Smoke-night Impression', from
1569:Shipwrecks of Port Phillip and The Rip
1153:(Melbourne), 11 December 1885, page 3.
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337:, left that magazine in 1885 to start
16:Australian caricaturist and cartoonist
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1523:(Melbourne), 6 February 1902, page 2.
1434:Mr. Tom Durkin, who for many years...
1300:(Melbourne), 29 January 1891, page 1.
1278:The Fitzroy Cabman's Mysterious Death
1181:
1179:
1167:Edward George (Ted) Dyson (1865–1931)
1063:Masks & Faces. No. 36. – Coursing
7:
1582:The Burning of the Steamer West Wind
1488:(Sydney), 14 December 1901, page 15.
1366:(Sydney), 3 September 1892, page 13.
1572:website; accessed 25 November 2023.
1349:(Sydney), 4 February 1893, page 13.
1332:(Adelaide), 16 April 1898, page 11.
1249:(Melbourne), 23 April 1914, page 4.
1083:Look Out for Sam Slick, Illustrated
904:website; accessed 25 November 2023.
888:(Melbourne), 30 April 1853, page 4.
847:. Design & Art Australia Online
705:'Mostly Melbournian', published in
598:A selection of images by Tom Durkin
1652:People from the Colony of Victoria
1456:(Adelaide), 9 April 1898, page 13.
1186:The "Bull Ant" Pays £100 for Libel
1171:Australian Dictionary of Biography
14:
1383:Sydney), 15 April 1893, page 11;
1316:(Korumburra), 8 May 1891, page 4.
1147:...Haynes, one of the founders...
765:was a screw steam-ship, built in
572:, aged 49. He was buried in the
451:'Not Such a Fool as She Looked' (
1424:(Adelaide), 10 May 1902, page 6.
1310:The Policeman and the "Bull Ant"
1268:(Melbourne), 1 May 1891, page 5.
1089:(Melbourne), 22 May 1879,page 4.
977:(Adelaide), 24 May 1902, page 6.
941:(Melbourne), 8 May 1902, page 3.
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682:
662:
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476:
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1647:19th-century Australian writers
809:Australian Natives' Association
522:During the years he worked for
124:, active in the decades before
1614:Australian Natives' Conference
1220:Encyclopedia of Australian Art
239:newspaper which he co-owned.
1:
1539:(Sydney), 2 May 1902, page 7.
872:Family records, Ancestry.com.
435:'A Genuine Compliment', from
290:, published on 3 April 1875.
57:Newport, Melbourne, Australia
1472:, 24 September 1898, page 3.
1262:Constable Cornelius Crowe...
1208:, 2 December 1907, page 304.
1403:, 26 February 1898,page 17.
1222:. Hutchinson of Australia.
1137:, 23 February 1884, page 1.
1121:, 13 December 1882, page 2.
1105:, 28 December 1882, page 3.
360:The popularity of Sydney's
1683:
1555:, 29 January 1881, page 2.
1387:, 14 April 1894, page 12;
993:, 29 January 1910, page 2.
935:The death of Tom Durkin...
617:(1828–1891), published in
574:Melbourne General Cemetery
1395:, 18 July 1896, page 14;
1391:, 29 June 1895, page 12;
1031:National Portrait Gallery
1013:National Portrait Gallery
793:National Portrait Gallery
333:, one of the founders of
136:National Portrait Gallery
103:
94:
85:
30:
1662:Australian caricaturists
1620:, 17 March 1898, page 4.
1604:, 28 May 1853, page 161.
1588:, 16 March 1854, page 2.
1399:, 22 May 1897, page 14;
1286:Further Medical Evidence
1115:Punch's Almanac for 1883
925:, 23 April 1898, page 2.
902:Hobsons Bay City Council
1553:Williamstown Advertiser
1505:Williamstown Advertiser
1470:Williamstown Advertiser
1440:, 9 April 1898, page 2.
1438:Williamstown Advertiser
1314:Great Southern Advocate
1218:Alan McCulloch (1984).
1165:Graeme Davison (1981),
1119:Williamstown Advertiser
1025:Joanna Gilmour (2016),
971:S. S.: Somebody says...
693:(Sydney), 3 March 1894.
615:Dr. James George Beaney
586:Original Comic Sketches
1657:Australian cartoonists
991:Williamstown Chronicle
987:Aged Newportian Passes
957:Vane Lindesay (1970),
923:Williamstown Chronicle
655:The Australian Graphic
548:s Melbourne artist by
357:
267:
245:Williamstown Chronicle
1507:, 3 May 1902, page 2.
1192:, 1 May 1891, page 3.
898:Heritage Street Signs
355:
257:
110:Thomas Coleman Durkin
43:Thomas Coleman Durkin
1206:The Native Companion
1008:Tom Durkin 1853-1902
653:, from the cover of
1618:Bendigo Independent
1586:Launceston Examiner
1533:Death of Tom Durkin
1501:Mr Thomas Durkin...
1343:Events in Melbourne
1290:The Coroner Sums Up
1131:Miss Nellie Stewart
677:, 11 February 1893.
657:, 23 February 1884.
651:Miss Nellie Stewart
637:, 28 December 1882.
635:Punch Almanack 1983
584:Tom Durkin (1881),
455:, 28 October 1893).
309:Punch Almanack 1883
142:of the illustrated
1667:People born at sea
1393:Maters Melbournian
1135:Australian Graphic
709:, 9 November 1895.
576:at North Carlton.
487:, 8 February 1896.
358:
325:Australian Graphic
268:
266:, 25 October 1873.
1466:Mr. Tom Durkin...
1027:Showing Character
919:Mr. Thomas Durkin
471:, 10 August 1895.
288:William McCulloch
284:John Thomas Smith
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1450:Mr. Alf. Vincent
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1385:Things Victorian
1377:Mostly Melbourne
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619:The Weekly Times
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302:Queensland Punch
273:The Weekly Times
264:The Weekly Times
131:The Weekly Times
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1418:Personal Gossip
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1360:Melbourne Items
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1326:Personal Gossip
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1190:Gippsland Times
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1103:Melbourne Punch
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1071:Masks and Faces
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671:James Patterson
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542:Black and White
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304:in about 1880.
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1099:The Last Woman
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550:Alfred Vincent
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439:, 27 May 1893.
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343:Haynes' Weekly
339:Haynes' Weekly
258:Caricature of
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170:S.S. West Wind
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1401:Melbourniana
1397:Melbourniana
1389:Melbourniana
1381:The Bulletin
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1073:, pages 8-9.
1067:Weekly Times
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849:. Retrieved
845:"Tom Durkin"
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707:The Bulletin
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691:The Bulletin
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675:The Bulletin
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649:Portrait of
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580:Publications
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536:Durkin left
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194:Williamstown
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174:Saint Helena
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154:The Bulletin
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140:Edward Dyson
129:
118:caricaturist
109:
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18:
1642:1902 deaths
1637:1853 births
1294:The Verdict
843:Joan Kerr.
331:John Haynes
327:newspaper.
320:etchings".
279:Vanity Fair
216:die-sinking
198:Hobsons Bay
70:Nationality
1631:Categories
1298:The Herald
1247:Labor Call
1243:The Tocsin
1229:009148300X
1151:Table Talk
817:References
382:Will Dyson
235:, a local
182:Cincinnati
160:Early life
126:Federation
114:cartoonist
73:Australian
62:Occupation
25:Tom Durkin
1266:The Argus
1053:, page 8.
886:The Argus
776:West Wind
771:Cape Town
763:West Wind
747:West Wind
546:Bulletin'
410:, as the
298:Sam Slick
190:West Wind
178:West Wind
122:Melbourne
120:based in
90:Signature
81:1870-1900
1282:Evidence
779:Phillip.
767:Delaware
412:Bull-Ant
403:Bull-Ant
398:Bull-Ant
393:Bull-Ant
386:Bull-Ant
374:Bull-Ant
370:Bull-Ant
362:Bulletin
149:Bulletin
144:Bull-Ant
1087:The Age
851:15 July
592:Gallery
570:Newport
384:. The
317:Almanac
206:Newport
188:. The
1454:Critic
1422:Critic
1330:Critic
1226:
975:Critic
528:Tatler
222:Career
78:Period
47:At sea
1521:Punch
939:Punch
734:Notes
621:1874.
560:Death
554:Punch
507:) as
1292:and
1224:ISBN
853:2021
807:The
791:The
761:The
380:and
347:Life
186:Ohio
116:and
52:Died
45:1853
40:Born
530:.
408:Ant
200:on
166:née
1633::
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861:^
825:^
801:D.
785:C.
755:B.
739:A.
588:.
500:.
349:.
208:.
184:,
1232:.
855:.
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