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476:, its launch was planned for the following November, to be "beyond the parameters of a usual fragrance launch." Black Orchid by Tom Ford Beauty, as officially named, and manufactured by Esteé Lauder Companies, was finally released on 15 November. On 24 July, Ford held one-on-one meetings with editors from elite fashion publications where he presented the fragrance, which was described as "the anchor of what will become the Ford flotilla of fragrance and cosmetics initiatives."
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733:, Tom Ford garnered media attention for unveiling a new Private Blend fragrance titled "Fucking Fabulous". Tom Ford faced reluctance from Estée Lauder Companies in naming the fragrance, with Ford himself saying that "First of all, they didn't even want to launch it" and that he had to insist on the name because "I knew it would be a hit with that name".
1775:"What Lies Ahead: form the Surprising Alliance Between Sephora and J.C. Penney to the Heightened State of Activity in the Mass Market Hair Category, the Second Half of the Year is Shaping Up to be Action-Packed and Highly Anticipated. Here, an Insider's Guide to the Season's Most Significant Goings-On"
521:
grower. While it has been reported that the specific orchid that was used was the recherché dark orchid, Ford himself has stated that he holds the patent for the eponymous Tom Ford orchid, which was developed in
Florida and he has described as "aybe not completely black, but a deep, dark chocolate."
500:
Black Orchid had a reported $ 20 million global advertising campaign, with 15 million scented impressions produced, with a planned $ 40 million revenue in its first year, selling between $ 90 and $ 135 for a bottle of eau de parfum, and $ 600 for the perfume. Then president and CEO of Estée Lauder,
373:
Since its inception, the label has been criticized for using naked women in various advertising campaigns. Various journalists asserted that the ads were vulgar, sexist, or objectified women. One ad featured a nude woman holding a bottle of perfume between her legs. Another featured a naked woman
496:
for the fragrance previous to its release. Ford had described the younger
Roitfeld as "exactly what beauty is to me." Later in the month it was announced that Black Orchid would be initially sold in a few upscale specialty stores and would increase to a maximum of fewer than 300 by the following
427:
Previously, Tom Ford licensed its name and branding to ELC for Tom Ford Beauty (TFB), offering cosmetics and fragrance, and to
Marcolin Group for eyewear - both TFB and Tom Ford Perfums have been names used by Estée Lauder since 2006. Under ELC, men's and women's ready-to-wear is licensed to
377:
Responding to criticism that he objectified women, Ford stated he is an "equal opportunity objectifier" and is "just as happy to objectify men". He argued, "you can't show male nudity in our culture in the way you can show female nudity" and pointed out that he did a male nude ad while at
726:-quality fragrances at a higher price point. Tom Ford has described Private Blend as his "own personal scent laboratory". As of 2021, the Private Blend collection contains twenty three fragrances. The Eau de Parfum Spray, Lost Cherry, won the allure 2021 Best of Beauty Award.
423:
took full control of Tom Ford
International which owns and operates the fashion business. The deal includes a long-term licensing and collaboration agreement for a minimum of 20 years with automatic 10 year renewals subject to certain minimum performance conditions.
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462:, Ford had developed a rare black orchid as the brand's new in-house flower. Extract from the flower was used to produce a perfume, body cream and bath soap as part of YSL's Nu line. Previous to launching Black Orchid, Ford had worked with
322:
with the launch of a cosmetics line. In the same year, Ford announced his partnership with
Marcolin Group to produce and distribute optical frames and sunglasses. In 2005, he launched the Tom Ford Estée Lauder Collection of cosmetics.
1519:"How Gucci became hot property Yesterday, the fashion world witnessed the conclusion to a multibillion- dollar battle for control of Gucci. So what makes the label so desirable? James Sherwood reveals Gucci's not-so-secret weapon"
517:. Even though a woman's perfume, Ford allegedly told Estée Lauder executives that he wished the perfume smelled like "a man's crotch." Ford tracked down one of four existing black orchids through a Swiss orchid expert and a
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469:
On 27 February 2006, having already started his brand, Black Orchid, the name for Ford's new fragrance with Estée Lauder
Companies was made public. Described as "a women's fragrance...full of surprises" by
505:, described the perfume as "the cornerstone of Mr. Ford's vision to bring more luxury into the world of fragrance." It was developed by having a grower create the darkest flower possible and then adding
1436:
385:
In 2014, the brand released a product called the "Penis
Pendant Necklace". The product caused some controversy, with Christians calling it offensive due to the pendant being shaped similar to a
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bottles for ÂŁ345. The black, fluted glass bottle and cap and engraved gold plate label were described as reminiscent of black bottles such as thouse used for
Narcisse Noir by
314:
in 2004 and founded his own eponymous label in April 2005. The Tom Ford retail brand concept, described as the first true luxury brand of the 21st century, began in 2004 as a
1359:"Ermenegildo Zegna Group Completes Acquisition of Tom Ford International and Enters Into a Long-Term License Agreement With The Estée Lauder Companies for TOM FORD FASHION"
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bottle for ÂŁ325. The perfume is stored "in a matte, opaque, pink bottle a matte black metal stamp," which has been described as " the elegant, architectural look of a
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655:, Estée Lauder CEO, described it as " all rose floral with a little spicy tender." The fragrance, which has hints of "the rare Bulgarian rose, rose de mai,
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stores, limited to a total of 50, started selling the fragrance on Sunday, 5 November. The night of the 2 November, an after-launch party occurred at
332:
In
September 2010, Ford debuted his label's women's ready-to-wear collection at his Madison Avenue store. The event featured celebrity models such as
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spring. for the same time a launch of 12 unisex scents to be sold by perfumery store-in-stores inside the upcoming retail stores was also planned.
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was announced as the new
Creative Director in September 2024, following Hawking's departure. His first collection will be released in March 2025.
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2415:
416:(ELC) announced that it had completed its acquisition of the Tom Ford brand for $ 2.8 billion. The sale was first announced in November 2022.
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tomford.com was launched in October 2006, initially only offering descriptions of the brand's products and later on hosting an online store.
3420:
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370:, estimated $ 1 billion in sales. As of 2020, Tom Ford was the major shareholder of Tom Ford International, holding 63.75% of the shares.
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recommended it to individuals who usually do not have a preference towards florals, and called it "a lingering evening fragrance." While
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as "wears effortlessly from day into night," as well as an eponymous $ 132 (ÂŁ98) candle, described as having a "spicy floral scent."
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913:
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526:
3276:"Christmas beauty gift ideas: luxury cosmetics from Christian Louboutin, Tom Ford, Guerlain and more now available in Hong Kong"
3665:
1941:"Mum's the word in fashionBaby Bonus; Daughter as fashion accessory? It's inevitable when the style gene is passed on from mum"
1201:
1463:
722:
In 2007, the Private Blend collection of fragrances were introduced by Tom Ford Beauty that featured more experimental and
639:, Rose Prick, was made from wild roses such as Rose de Mai, Turkish and Bulgarian roses, as well as other elements such as
2392:
2356:
463:
458:
Black Orchid was the first fragrance sold under the Tom Ford Beauty banner. During his incumbency as Creative Director of
413:
280:
3362:"Tickled pink: Romance isn't dead (yet). Avoid the overpriced clichés and spread the love with the most stylish of gifts"
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393:. Ford replied that "it was not meant to be a cross, it was a phallus" and "people read into things what they want to".
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466:, signing a deal in April 2005 and releasing Youth Dew Amber Nude, the following fall, and Azure, in spring 2006.
329:
In April 2007, the first directly owned Tom Ford flagship boutique opened at 845 Madison Avenue in New York City.
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518:
367:
226:
84:
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critiqued that its name had "more of an impression than the juice...what remains is a faint patchouli incense."
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succeeded Ford as creative director. Hawking's first collection debuted on September 21 at Milan Fashion Week.
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The company was owned by Tom Ford until 2023 when he completed its sale. The Tom Ford brand is now owned by
3337:
1437:"Ermenegildo Zegna Group to Enter a Long-Term License for Tom Ford Fashion With the Estée Lauder Companies"
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2416:"A creature of the night: Tom Ford bares his soul - Style & Design - International Herald Tribune"
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in attendance. For the event, black curtains were installed at the venue and doused with the perfume.
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and tonka," was released in February 2020, at US$ 335 (AU $ 480, £218, €245, CAN $ 405) for the 50
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1092:"The Breast of Advertising: From Hooters to the cover of 'Time,' does the strategy sell or repel?"
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on 30 May 2019, and first used commercially when the fragrance was released on 29 February 2020.
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150th anniversary, the store sold Black Orchid Eau de Parfum in limited-edition black crystal
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1332:"Tom Ford just sold his fashion brand to Estée Lauder. That likely makes him a billionaire"
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Digitalization in the Luxury Fashion Industry: Strategic Branding for Millennial Consumers
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77:
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603:
529:, where Ford arrived to recommend strategies to the sales associates. Saks, as well as
436:
337:
3157:"Product Watch: Roses are a classic choice for Valentine's Day — here are 5 top picks"
683:." Rose Prick is also the name of a tie-in lip colour set, which was described by the
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3811:
3806:
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3728:
2752:
2584:
Rush, George; Molloy, Joanna; Huguenin, Patrick; Kinon, Christina (6 November 2006).
1738:
1279:"Tom Ford's 18 carat gold penis necklace is now on sale – just in time for Christmas"
863:
The Road to Luxury: The Evolution, Markets, and Strategies of Luxury Brand Management
810:
805:
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612:
599:
530:
506:
400:, co-authored by Ford and fashion journalist Bridget Foley. The book is published by
341:
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265:
140:
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At his Spring/Summer 2018 collection runway show, held in September 2017 as part of
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ironing a man's pants while he read a newspaper. A separate ad was banned in Italy.
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27:
Italian-American luxury fashion house founded by fashion designer Tom Ford in 2005
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depicting the fragrance. For her part, Restoin Roitfeld was photographed "in an
607:
484:
349:
3444:""Private Blend is my own personal scent laboratory." PRIVATE BLEND | TOM FORD"
2388:
2360:
17:
3836:
3801:
3703:
3443:
1772:
Nagel, Andrea; Prior, Molly; Naughton, Julie; McIntyre, Megan (16 June 2006).
1229:
680:
644:
578:
566:
542:
355:
In November 2015, the house opened its Miami flagship boutique in that city's
333:
80:
63:
3415:
3402:"The 9 best beauty products to buy now, according to The Telegraph's experts"
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1146:"These Modern Ads Are Even More Sexist Than Their 'Mad Men' Era Counterparts"
1006:
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39:
2278:"Q4 2006 The Estée Lauder Companies Inc. Earnings Conference Call - Final"
1490:"Q1 2007 The Estée Lauder Companies Inc. Earnings Conference Call - Final"
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described it as possessing a "sensual and woody floral scent." As part of
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1858:"Fashion Scoops: Tom Weighs Anchor...Trans Europe Express...Paris Encore"
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755:"Tom Ford bows out from eponymous brand after multibillion takeover deal"
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129:
1306:"The Estée Lauder Companies Completes Acquisition of the Tom Ford Brand"
779:
595:
514:
2542:
Lomrantz, Tracey; Takhtehchian, Bahar; DiLuna, Amy (2 November 2006).
3821:
1177:
1096:
640:
360:
3650:
708:
called it one of 2020's top ten best fragrances. On the other hand,
1064:"Tom Ford Beauty: On Track to Hit $ 1 Billion, Opening First Store"
3733:
429:
420:
311:
294:
3723:
3498:"Tom Ford's Perfume Almost Didn't Get Its Fucking Fabulous Name"
2908:"Estee Lauder Companies Inc Annual Shareholders Meeting - Final"
3654:
3540:
1692:"Ford's Fully Plate: Stores, Films and Building a Beauty Brand"
1386:"Estée Lauder Might Buy Tom Ford — Fashion, Fragrance, and All"
3116:"10 summery perfumes that offer a whiff of much-needed escape"
1464:"Tom Ford and Haider Ackermann: Where Their Visions Intersect"
2545:"Shop aholic. Your Guide to the City's Best Steals and Deals"
1253:"Christians outraged by Tom Ford cross-shaped penis necklace"
1230:"Tom Ford's Penis Necklace Controversy | Tom Ford Interview"
396:
The creation of the brand is detailed in the 2021 monograph
3536:
3529:
2705:"Bestsellers, store news and top tips for the season ahead"
276:
offerings, as well as footwear, accessories, and handbags.
2987:"20 new beauty launches you need to know about this month"
647:. The perfume trademark was filed for registration at the
2786:
Smith, Stephanie D.; Conti, Samantha (6 November 2006).
359:. In November 2017, it opened its first beauty store in
2629:"A Belgian Banquet: Barney's Ftes Raf Simons in Style"
272:
in 2005. Its product line features ready-to-wear and
243:
525:
Black Orchid was launched on 2 November 2006 at the
3762:
3688:
3620:
3591:
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627:, all red lipstick, dreamy hair and bedroom eyes."
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1488:
1202:"Tom Ford: 'I'm an equal opportunity objectifier'"
990:
302:, the brand's founder and former creative director
3201:"The best luxury Christmas beauty gifts for 2020"
2462:"Tom Ford Black Orchid Is Ready for Its Close-Up"
2108:Born, Pete; Naughton, Julie (24 September 2021).
2033:. Vol. 192, no. 18. 28 September 2006.
696:in Canada, Rose Prick sold out in two days time.
432:, who previously held the license for menswear.
3070:"Don't wait for festival season for a neon glow"
2626:Bravo, Richard; Badia, Alex (13 November 2006).
1120:"Fashion v censorship: a history of banned ads"
3470:"Tom Ford's New Fragrance Is "F—ing Fabulous""
1173:"Italy gives the finger to latest Tom Ford ad"
1033:"Tom Ford's Flagship Opens in Design District"
935:"Estee Lauder Courts Tom Ford To Revive Brand"
3971:Online jewelry retailers of the United States
3666:
3552:
2874:"USPTO Issues Trademark: Tom Ford Rose Prick"
8:
2587:"Dis-chord as Guitarist Shuns & Support"
1867:. Vol. 192, no. 14. 24 July 2006.
1462:Borrelli-Persson, Laird (4 September 2024).
753:Borrelli, Silvia Sciorilli (28 April 2023).
32:
3936:Manufacturing companies established in 2005
2313:"The Remix; Fragrances | New From Tom Ford"
283:while the fashion business is owned by the
3673:
3659:
3651:
3559:
3545:
3537:
1642:Goldstein, Melissa Milrad (October 2001).
1057:
1055:
860:Som, Ashok; Blanckaert, Christian (2015).
47:
38:
31:
649:United States Patent and Trademark Office
606:. The perfume bottle was photographed by
3916:Cosmetics companies of the United States
3770:America's Best Contacts & Eyeglasses
643:, Indonesian patchouli, and vanilla and
3901:Clothing retailers of the United States
3155:Walsh, Rachel Marie (9 February 2021).
1224:
1222:
742:
3966:Jewelry retailers of the United States
3951:Eyewear retailers of the United States
3926:Clothing companies established in 2005
3921:American companies established in 2005
3313:
3311:
3274:Tsang, Jacqueline (15 December 2020).
3194:
3192:
2195:"Find the Scent That Suits Your Style"
2063:Colavita, Courtney (25 October 2006).
1232:. CNBC International. 24 February 2015
893:
891:
366:As of 2017, Tom Ford Beauty, owned by
318:between Ford and his business partner
3320:"The 16 Best Valentine's Day Candles"
3109:
3107:
3105:
3024:
3022:
2938:
2936:
2934:
2826:
2824:
2744:McCormack, Derek (18 November 2006).
2455:
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2404:
2402:
2187:
2185:
2148:
2146:
2103:
2101:
1684:
1682:
1680:
1558:Bernadette, Morra (11 October 2001).
1516:Sherwood, James (11 September 2001).
1062:Strugatz, Rachel (17 November 2017).
963:"Estée Lauder Makes a Play for Youth"
748:
746:
7:
3941:Retail companies established in 2005
3931:Design companies established in 2005
3896:Clothing brands of the United States
2362:Neurobiology of Sensation and Reward
1330:O'Kane, Caitlin (17 November 2022).
3986:Shoe companies of the United States
3946:Eyewear brands of the United States
3359:McFarland, Jane (7 February 2021).
3318:Belfiore, Emily (20 January 2021).
3199:Hooper, Camila (23 December 2020).
3114:Atkinson, Nathalie (17 July 2020).
2460:Singer, Natasha (9 November 2006).
2204:. No. 3540. pp. 198–202.
1561:"Toronto was couture disposal site"
1277:Sharkey, Linda (11 December 2014).
961:Singer, Natasha (5 November 2005).
602:, Soir by Perugia, Dans La Nuit by
382:which was pulled from circulation.
3496:Darcella, Aria (24 October 2018).
3029:Shatzman, Celia (11 August 2020).
2153:Fine, Jenny B. (20 October 2006).
1980:Woolnough, Damien (28 July 2006).
1384:Pauly, Alexandra (2 August 2022).
1118:Allwood, Emma Hope (13 May 2015).
989:Verjee, Neelam (26 October 2006).
834:"Tom Ford to launch his own label"
676:
672:
668:
408:Sale to The Estée Lauder Companies
402:Rizzoli International Publications
306:Tom Ford departed his position as
25:
3068:Fetto, Funmi (23 February 2020).
2789:"Memo Pad: Take Two...Grand Dame"
2702:Lazaro, Clare (4 November 2006).
2391:on 25 September 2021 – via
2234:Morago, Greg (19 November 2006).
1251:Tsjeng, Zing (15 December 2014).
1144:Stampler, Laura (10 April 2012).
3906:Companies based in New York City
3870:
3869:
2984:Young, Sarah (6 February 2020).
2672:. No. 3540. November 2006.
2111:"Tom Ford Launches Black Orchid"
1814:Edgar, Michelle (30 June 2006).
1689:Naughton, Julie (28 July 2006).
1654:. Vol. 155, no. 5259.
1600:Hybert, Jess (24 October 2001).
992:"Tom Ford brand launched online"
832:Avins, Mimi (28 February 2006).
675:bottle sold for €64 and the 100
527:Saks Fifth Avenue flagship store
287:through Tom Ford International.
203:
202:
2357:"17.2 Brief History of Perfume"
1826:. Vol. 191, no. 139.
1784:. Vol. 191, no. 127.
1412:"Tom Ford Extends Eyewear Pact"
1031:Miami staff (3 November 2015).
804:Taylor, Molly (22 April 2008).
3468:Reed, Sam (1 September 2017).
2798:. Vol. 192, no. 96.
2359:. In Gottfried, Jay A. (ed.).
2163:. Vol. 192, no. 83.
2075:. Vol. 192, no. 87.
1701:. Vol. 192, no. 18.
1200:Hughes, Sali (21 March 2015).
933:Beatty, Sally (6 April 2005).
1:
4001:2023 mergers and acquisitions
3996:Estée Lauder Companies brands
3031:"The Best Fragrances of 2020"
2393:National Institutes of Health
1817:"The Fall Frangrance Roundup"
1410:Olsen, Kerry (4 March 2011).
1090:Wallis, David (4 June 2012).
492:, was chosen in July 2006 as
268:founded by namesake designer
671:eau de parfum, while the 10
616:issue contained a five-page
435:On April 28, 2023, designer
2951:Australian Financial Review
2747:"Make scents of the season"
2638:. Vol. 36, no. 46
2066:"Tom Ford Launches Website"
635:Inspired by Ford's private
541:, with celebrities such as
113:; 19 years ago
4017:
3763:Not EssilorLuxottica owned
2237:"Body; Fashion and Beauty"
1938:Izzo, Kim (27 July 2001).
610:, while the December 2006
414:The Estée Lauder Companies
281:The Estée Lauder Companies
3865:
419:As part of the sale, the
46:
37:
3956:Fashion accessory brands
3281:South China Morning Post
898:Cabigiosu, Anna (2020).
686:South China Morning Post
3787:Cohen's Fashion Optical
3780:Dollond & Aitchison
940:The Wall Street Journal
285:Ermenegildo Zegna Group
3847:Visionworks of America
3704:Clearly.ca/Coastal.com
3475:The Hollywood Reporter
559:Julia Restoin-Roitfeld
480:Julia Restoin Roitfeld
303:
85:Estée Lauder Companies
3817:Hassan's Optician Co.
2509:The New York Observer
868:John Wiley & Sons
731:New York Fashion Week
298:
55:Miami Design District
3424:on 28 September 2021
3410:. 28 February 2020.
3090:on 15 September 2020
2913:Fair Disclosure Wire
2880:Federal News Service
2512:. 13 November 2006.
2436:on 24 September 2021
2375:Taylor & Francis
2333:on 24 September 2021
2283:Fair Disclosure Wire
2192:Parnass, Alexandra.
1742:. 27 February 2006.
1495:Fair Disclosure Wire
1441:www.businesswire.com
1363:www.businesswire.com
207:$ 654 million (2021)
3961:High fashion brands
3832:Solstice Sunglasses
3503:The Daily Front Row
3407:The Daily Telegraph
3223:on 25 December 2020
3206:The Daily Telegraph
2954:. 7 February 2020.
2593:New York Daily News
2551:New York Daily News
2414:(6 November 2006).
2367:Boca Raton, Florida
2311:(22 October 2006).
1905:The Daily Telegraph
699:The Daily Telegraph
622:old-style Hollywood
482:, daughter of then-
454:Black Orchid (2006)
412:On April 28, 2023,
182:leather accessories
165:(CEO and president)
159:(Creative Director)
34:
3641:(former residence)
3325:Women's Wear Daily
3177:on 6 February 2021
3136:on 6 December 2020
3121:The Globe and Mail
3035:Women's Wear Daily
2915:. 10 November 2020
2883:. 26 November 2020
2839:Sunday Independent
2795:Women's Wear Daily
2467:The New York Times
2421:The New York Times
2353:Herz, Rachel Sarah
2318:The New York Times
2160:Women's Wear Daily
2117:Women's Wear Daily
2072:Women's Wear Daily
2030:Women's Wear Daily
1864:Women's Wear Daily
1823:Women's Wear Daily
1781:Women's Wear Daily
1733:"Ache for Orchids"
1698:Women's Wear Daily
1651:Town & Country
1443:. 15 November 2022
1416:Women's Wear Daily
1069:Women's Wear Daily
968:The New York Times
711:The Globe and Mail
705:Women's Wear Daily
547:Margherita Missoni
473:Women's Wear Daily
460:Yves Saint Laurent
380:Yves Saint Laurent
304:
53:Flagship store in
3883:
3882:
3682:Eyewear retailers
3648:
3647:
3639:Cerro Pelon Ranch
3628:"Tom Ford" (song)
3611:Nocturnal Animals
2635:Daily News Record
2384:978-1-4200-6726-2
1896:(27 April 2006).
1497:. 25 October 2006
839:Los Angeles Times
692:When released at
631:Rose Prick (2020)
571:Donatella Versace
503:William P. Lauder
308:creative director
261:) is an American
252:
251:
16:(Redirected from
4008:
3911:Cosmetics brands
3873:
3872:
3714:FramesDirect.com
3690:EssilorLuxottica
3675:
3668:
3661:
3652:
3595:
3584:Domenico De Sole
3578:
3561:
3554:
3547:
3538:
3533:
3532:
3530:Official website
3515:
3514:
3512:
3510:
3493:
3487:
3486:
3484:
3482:
3465:
3459:
3458:
3456:
3454:
3440:
3434:
3433:
3431:
3429:
3423:
3418:. Archived from
3398:
3392:
3391:
3385:
3383:
3368:The Sunday Times
3364:
3356:
3350:
3349:
3347:
3345:
3340:on 11 April 2021
3336:. Archived from
3315:
3306:
3305:
3303:
3301:
3292:. Archived from
3271:
3265:
3264:
3258:
3256:
3246:
3239:
3233:
3232:
3230:
3228:
3222:
3217:. Archived from
3196:
3187:
3186:
3184:
3182:
3173:. Archived from
3152:
3146:
3145:
3143:
3141:
3132:. Archived from
3111:
3100:
3099:
3097:
3095:
3086:. Archived from
3065:
3059:
3058:
3056:
3054:
3045:. Archived from
3026:
3017:
3016:
3010:
3008:
2989:
2981:
2975:
2974:
2968:
2966:
2947:
2940:
2929:
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2910:
2903:
2897:
2896:
2890:
2888:
2876:
2869:
2863:
2862:
2856:
2854:
2842:. 8 March 2020.
2835:
2828:
2819:
2818:
2812:
2810:
2791:
2783:
2777:
2776:
2770:
2768:
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2547:
2539:
2533:
2532:
2526:
2524:
2505:
2498:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2487:
2478:. Archived from
2457:
2446:
2445:
2443:
2441:
2432:. Archived from
2408:
2397:
2396:
2387:. Archived from
2349:
2343:
2342:
2340:
2338:
2329:. Archived from
2305:
2299:
2298:
2292:
2290:
2285:. 16 August 2006
2280:
2273:
2267:
2266:
2260:
2258:
2243:Hartford Courant
2239:
2231:
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2218:
2216:
2197:
2189:
2180:
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2105:
2096:
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2089:
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2068:
2060:
2054:
2053:
2047:
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2026:
2019:
2013:
2012:
2006:
2004:
1985:
1977:
1971:
1970:
1964:
1962:
1943:
1935:
1929:
1928:
1922:
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1901:
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1686:
1675:
1674:
1668:
1666:
1647:
1639:
1633:
1632:
1626:
1624:
1605:
1603:"Retail Therapy"
1597:
1591:
1590:
1584:
1582:
1563:
1555:
1549:
1548:
1542:
1540:
1521:
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1188:
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1160:
1158:
1151:Business Insider
1141:
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1115:
1109:
1108:
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1104:
1087:
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822:
820:
818:
801:
795:
794:
792:
790:
776:
770:
769:
767:
765:
750:
718:Other fragrances
678:
674:
670:
551:Stavros Niarchos
494:brand ambassador
488:editor-in chief
443:Haider Ackermann
320:Domenico de Sole
248:
245:
231:
223:
206:
205:
157:Haider Ackermann
121:
119:
114:
51:
42:
35:
21:
4016:
4015:
4011:
4010:
4009:
4007:
4006:
4005:
3886:
3885:
3884:
3879:
3861:
3827:Optical Express
3775:Boots Opticians
3758:
3684:
3679:
3649:
3644:
3633:Richard Buckley
3616:
3593:
3587:
3576:
3570:
3565:
3528:
3527:
3524:
3519:
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3508:
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3395:
3381:
3379:
3358:
3357:
3353:
3343:
3341:
3317:
3316:
3309:
3299:
3297:
3273:
3272:
3268:
3254:
3252:
3241:
3240:
3236:
3226:
3224:
3198:
3197:
3190:
3180:
3178:
3154:
3153:
3149:
3139:
3137:
3113:
3112:
3103:
3093:
3091:
3067:
3066:
3062:
3052:
3050:
3049:on 21 July 2021
3028:
3027:
3020:
3006:
3004:
2993:The Independent
2983:
2982:
2978:
2964:
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2942:
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2764:
2743:
2742:
2738:
2724:
2722:
2701:
2700:
2696:
2682:
2680:
2669:Harper's Bazaar
2660:
2659:
2655:
2641:
2639:
2625:
2624:
2620:
2606:
2604:
2583:
2582:
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2288:
2286:
2275:
2274:
2270:
2256:
2254:
2233:
2232:
2228:
2214:
2212:
2201:Harper's Bazaar
2191:
2190:
2183:
2173:
2171:
2152:
2151:
2144:
2130:
2128:
2107:
2106:
2099:
2085:
2083:
2062:
2061:
2057:
2043:
2041:
2021:
2020:
2016:
2002:
2000:
1979:
1978:
1974:
1960:
1958:
1937:
1936:
1932:
1918:
1916:
1899:"Ford's Choice"
1892:
1891:
1887:
1877:
1875:
1855:
1854:
1850:
1836:
1834:
1813:
1812:
1808:
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1725:
1711:
1709:
1688:
1687:
1678:
1664:
1662:
1641:
1640:
1636:
1622:
1620:
1609:Birmingham Post
1599:
1598:
1594:
1580:
1578:
1557:
1556:
1552:
1538:
1536:
1525:The Independent
1515:
1514:
1510:
1500:
1498:
1487:
1486:
1482:
1472:
1470:
1461:
1460:
1456:
1446:
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1420:
1418:
1409:
1408:
1404:
1394:
1392:
1383:
1382:
1378:
1368:
1366:
1365:. 28 April 2023
1357:
1356:
1352:
1342:
1340:
1329:
1328:
1324:
1314:
1312:
1304:
1303:
1299:
1289:
1287:
1284:The Independent
1276:
1275:
1271:
1261:
1259:
1250:
1249:
1245:
1235:
1233:
1228:
1227:
1220:
1210:
1208:
1199:
1198:
1194:
1184:
1182:
1181:. 25 April 2008
1171:
1170:
1166:
1156:
1154:
1143:
1142:
1138:
1128:
1126:
1117:
1116:
1112:
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1100:
1089:
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1041:
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1029:
1025:
1011:
1009:
988:
987:
983:
973:
971:
960:
959:
955:
945:
943:
932:
931:
927:
916:
908:. p. 121.
906:Springer Nature
897:
896:
889:
878:
870:. p. 320.
859:
858:
854:
844:
842:
831:
830:
826:
816:
814:
803:
802:
798:
788:
786:
778:
777:
773:
763:
761:
759:Financial Times
752:
751:
744:
739:
720:
633:
587:Harper's Bazaar
563:Carine Roitfeld
539:Top of the Rock
490:Carine Roitfeld
456:
451:
449:Tom Ford Beauty
410:
387:Christian cross
357:Design District
346:Daphne Guinness
293:
274:made-to-measure
242:
234:
229:
221:
194:
168:
162:Guillaume Jesel
150:
143:
117:
115:
112:
90:Société Anonyme
78:Private company
66:
57:
28:
23:
22:
18:Tom Ford Beauty
15:
12:
11:
5:
4014:
4012:
4004:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3976:Perfume houses
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
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3888:
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3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3783:
3782:
3772:
3766:
3764:
3760:
3759:
3757:
3756:
3751:
3749:Vision Express
3746:
3744:Target Optical
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3695:
3693:
3686:
3685:
3680:
3678:
3677:
3670:
3663:
3655:
3646:
3645:
3643:
3642:
3636:
3630:
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3618:
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3615:
3614:
3607:
3599:
3597:
3589:
3588:
3582:
3580:
3572:
3571:
3566:
3564:
3563:
3556:
3549:
3541:
3535:
3534:
3523:
3522:External links
3520:
3517:
3516:
3488:
3460:
3435:
3393:
3351:
3307:
3266:
3251:. 29 June 2020
3234:
3188:
3162:Irish Examiner
3147:
3101:
3060:
3018:
2976:
2930:
2898:
2864:
2833:"Cult Product"
2820:
2778:
2736:
2694:
2653:
2618:
2576:
2534:
2493:
2447:
2398:
2383:
2344:
2321:. p. 22.
2300:
2268:
2226:
2181:
2142:
2097:
2055:
2024:"Man in Black"
2014:
1989:The Australian
1972:
1930:
1885:
1848:
1806:
1764:
1723:
1676:
1645:"Something Nu"
1634:
1592:
1550:
1508:
1480:
1454:
1428:
1402:
1376:
1350:
1322:
1297:
1269:
1243:
1218:
1192:
1164:
1136:
1110:
1082:
1051:
1023:
981:
953:
925:
914:
887:
876:
852:
824:
796:
771:
741:
740:
738:
735:
719:
716:
657:Sichuan pepper
653:Fabrizio Freda
632:
629:
604:House of Worth
584:Upon release,
509:, lotus wood,
455:
452:
450:
447:
437:Peter Hawkings
409:
406:
338:Julianne Moore
292:
289:
250:
249:
240:
236:
235:
233:
232:
230:(2023–present)
224:
215:
213:
209:
208:
200:
196:
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67:
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59:
58:
52:
44:
43:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4013:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
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3972:
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3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3893:
3891:
3876:
3868:
3867:
3864:
3858:
3857:Zenni Optical
3855:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3843:
3840:
3838:
3835:
3833:
3830:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3815:
3813:
3812:Hakim Optical
3810:
3808:
3807:Gunnar Optiks
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3781:
3778:
3777:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3767:
3765:
3761:
3755:
3754:Vision Source
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3734:Sears Optical
3732:
3730:
3729:Pearle Vision
3727:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3696:
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3629:
3626:
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3613:
3612:
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3601:
3600:
3598:
3596:
3590:
3585:
3581:
3579:
3573:
3569:
3562:
3557:
3555:
3550:
3548:
3543:
3542:
3539:
3531:
3526:
3525:
3521:
3505:
3504:
3499:
3492:
3489:
3477:
3476:
3471:
3464:
3461:
3449:
3445:
3439:
3436:
3422:
3417:
3413:
3409:
3408:
3403:
3397:
3394:
3389:
3378:
3374:
3370:
3369:
3363:
3355:
3352:
3339:
3335:
3331:
3327:
3326:
3321:
3314:
3312:
3308:
3296:on 6 May 2021
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3852:Warby Parker
3797:GKB Opticals
3739:Sunglass Hut
3719:LensCrafters
3709:EyeBuyDirect
3699:Apollo-Optik
3609:
3604:A Single Man
3602:
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1390:Highsnobiety
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1206:The Guardian
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1038:Miami Herald
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920:Google Books
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535:Holt Renfrew
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3481:19 February
3453:19 February
3249:Cyprus Mail
1473:6 September
1421:3 September
1395:3 September
1075:14 February
1044:14 February
974:14 February
946:14 February
845:19 February
817:19 February
789:13 February
637:rose garden
608:Irving Penn
485:Vogue Paris
421:Zegna Group
350:Rita Wilson
255:Tom Ford SA
33:Tom Ford SA
3890:Categories
3837:Specsavers
3802:GlassesUSA
3586:(Chairman)
3244:"Tom Ford"
1983:"The Buzz"
1447:7 February
1369:7 December
806:"Tom Ford"
737:References
681:chessboard
645:Tonka bean
592:Burberry's
579:Rachel Zoe
567:Rachel Roy
543:Damon Dash
191:fragrances
149:Key people
81:subsidiary
64:Trade name
3842:US Vision
3635:(husband)
3416:0307-1235
3377:0956-1382
3334:0043-7581
3290:1563-9371
3215:0307-1235
3171:1393-9564
3130:0319-0714
3084:1756-3224
3043:0043-7581
3002:0951-9467
2960:1444-9900
2945:"Cherish"
2848:0039-5218
2804:0043-7581
2762:1486-8008
2720:0140-0460
2711:The Times
2678:0017-7873
2518:1052-2948
2476:1553-8095
2430:1553-8095
2371:CRC Press
2327:0362-4331
2252:1047-4153
2210:0017-7873
2169:0043-7581
2126:0043-7581
2081:0043-7581
2039:0043-7581
1998:1038-8761
1956:0319-0781
1914:0307-1235
1873:0043-7581
1832:0043-7581
1790:0043-7581
1748:1090-3321
1707:0043-7581
1660:0040-9952
1618:0963-7915
1576:0319-0781
1534:0951-9467
1007:0140-0460
998:The Times
665:patchouli
555:Zac Posen
222:(2005-23)
188:cosmetics
3875:Category
3792:Fielmann
3568:Tom Ford
3388:ProQuest
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2355:(2011).
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1343:30 April
1337:CBS News
1018:ProQuest
764:30 April
661:turmeric
618:gatefold
511:bergamot
391:crucifix
300:Tom Ford
270:Tom Ford
259:TOM FORD
219:Tom Ford
173:Products
130:Tom Ford
98:Industry
69:Tom Ford
3448:YouTube
2602:9541172
2560:9541172
1315:24 July
1290:5 March
1262:5 March
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1103:5 March
596:Lalique
515:vanilla
334:Beyoncé
316:venture
291:History
244:tomford
239:Website
199:Revenue
126:Founder
116: (
108:Founded
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361:London
348:, and
263:luxury
3692:owned
3621:Other
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3577:Label
1468:Vogue
1257:Dazed
1124:Dazed
780:"Bio"
724:niche
430:Zegna
312:Gucci
212:Owner
185:shoes
3724:OPSM
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