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during 1922 and 1923, when
Harrisson and his brother were taken back to Argentina by their father. It was the best year of his childhood. With his father as teacher, he learnt to hunt, fly-fish and climb. He became interested in birds: he built an aviary and studied their behaviour. Socially and linguistically isolated in Argentina, he also felt a stranger in England, even more so after his year in South America. In a 1960 radio interview, he reflected on this period, and stated that "this feeling both of belonging intensely, emotionally, sentimentally with England and yet of not belonging to it and finding its habits and its people and its voices and its faces strange keeps on producing sensations even to this day of strangeness wherever I go".
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of his wartime resistance. Hundreds of Dayaks responded, and formed into companies led by
British civilians all commanded by Harrisson. This force reached some 2,000 strong, and with excellent knowledge of the tracks through the interior (there were no roads), helped contain the rebels and cut off their escape route to Indonesia.
348:
in 1962, Resident John Fisher of the 4th
Division of Sarawak called on the Dayak tribes for help by sending a boat with the traditional Red Feather of War up the Baram River. Tom Harrisson also arrived in Brunei. He summoned the Kelabits from the highlands around Bario in the 5th Division, the centre
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from 1925 to 1930, a boarder in the house of his sympathetic godfather, Rev. D. B. Kittermaster, who was particularly supportive of boys such as
Harrisson who were rebellious and did not fit in. Harrisson had little interest in interacting with his fellow schoolboys, but nevertheless took an intense
155:
In 1919, Harrisson's parents moved back to
Argentina, "dumping" – as Harrisson later described it – their sons at Eastacre preparatory school and later Winton House preparatory school, Winchester. School holidays were spent unhappily as paying guests at various vicarages. There was a brief interlude
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Harrisson was socially isolated throughout these early years, with no friends apart from his brother. His father was away in the army, and his mother showed little interest in her children. The family moved frequently, and
Harrisson later recalled no "lived in, loved place". With no toys to occupy
382:
when she worked at his
Sarawak Museum; they married in London in 1956, but divorced in 1970 after he had met Christine Forani (1916–1976), a Belgian sculptor; they married in 1971. The couple were killed in Thailand when the bus they were travelling in collided with a truck. They were cremated in
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to about 40,000 years ago, the earliest date for modern humans in Borneo. The results of their excavations were never published in an appropriate manner leading to uncertainty and doubts as to their results; however, they are largely vindicated by results of excavations carried out by the
168:, and supported by his housemaster, who allowed him to roam beyond the school grounds, he wrote and published a book on birds of the area. After participating in several bird censuses, at the age of 19 he organized 1300 other birdwatchers in a pioneering census of the
293:(Cresset Press, 1959); there are also reports – not always flattering – from some of his comrades. His efforts to rescue stranded American airmen shot down over Borneo are a central part of "The Airmen and the Headhunters", an episode of the PBS television series
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on 6 March 1947 (and dated 2 November 1946) describes how from his insertion until 15 August 1945 the forces under his command protected the flank of Allied advances, and caused severe disruption to
Japanese operations.
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1st series: 'Borneo from the
Beginning'; 'Birds Nest Soup'; 'Peoples of the Tinjar River'; 'The Dyaks'; 'Fishermen of the Coast'; 2nd series: 'Cavemen of Today'; 'The Rainforest'; 'Highlanders of the Equator'; 'The
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on 21 November 1943. He had been recruited (some sources say by a confusion of names, despite his apparent suitability) for a plan to use the native peoples of Borneo against the
Japanese. He was attached to
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Harrisson married three times. In 1939 he was named as co-respondent in the divorce of Bertha Clayton (1908–1961); they had a son, Maxwell Barr (1940–2002), and married in 1940, but divorced in 1954. He met
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In July 1939 he presented East End, a 45 minute long BBC television documentary in which he 'explore London's East End, introducing Cockney and Jew, Lascar and Chinaman, and others of its inhabitants'.
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but abandoned his studies at Cambridge for the ambience of Oxford, whence he participated in expeditions organised with Oxford University Exploration Club - notably a 6 month long expedition to northern
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them, their nanny Kitty Asbury entertained her charges with long country walks, which stimulated a great interest in nature. Harrisson had learnt to read by the age of five by studying Asbury's books on
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A complete bibliography of his Southeast Asia related publications can be found in Solheim and Jensen (1977). A list of his herpetology related publications is included in Dodd (2016).
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who campaigned for humane conditions for British horses exported to the continent for slaughter. Harrisson recollected his aunt scolding him when a young boy for being cruel to a slug.
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124:, the son of Geoffry Harnett Harrisson (1881–1939), an engineer, and Marie Ellen Cole (1886–1961). Another son, William Damer Harrisson, was born in 1913. The family lived in
468:(Broadway, 2001), tells Harrisson's World War II story in chapters that alternate with Lightner's account of his own climb of Batu Lawi in the Kelabit Highlands of Sarawak.
365:; his notes, maps, and journals for Central Borneo, 1947–1966, are archived there. However, after the second year he relocated to Britain to take an unpaid role at the
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James Jordan (2018). "'The most varied, colourful, confusing hubub in the world': The East End, television and the documentary imagination, July 1939 1".
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interest in them, keeping a card index on every boy. He was also fascinated by issues of hierarchy and status at the school. He continued his interest in
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369:, to which he had bequeathed the Mass-Observation archive. In 1974 he was appointed visiting professor, despite never having earned a doctoral degree.
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Judith M. Heimann, 'Harrisson, Tom Harnett (1911–1976)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, May 2010
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Solheim, Wilhelm G.; Jensen, Barbara (1977). "Tom Harrisson—Bibliography of Publications Concerning Southeast Asian Prehistory".
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from May 1942 until June 1944. For much of this time he was in the army and gave up reviewing on leaving the UK. After service
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where his father had been working as a railway engineer and then manager since 1907. In 1914, at the start of the
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289:. An autobiographical account of this operation (SEMUT I, one of four SEMUT operations in the area) is given in
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1947–1966 (although he did not relinquish his commission until 14 March 1951). In the 1950s and 1960s Tom and
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Dodd, C.K. Jr. (2016). "A Force to be Reckoned With in Borneo: Tom Harrisson and His Herpetological Legacy".
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in the South West Pacific theatre). On 25 March 1945, he was parachuted with seven Z Force operatives from a
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was broadcast by BBC television in 1957; a subsequent series was produced by ITV in 1962/3. A documentary
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Following his retirement aged 55 from the curatorship of the Sarawak Museum, in 1967 Harrisson left for
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was inspired by events from Tom Harrisson's wartime Borneo; the book was later turned into a film by
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to start a three-year contract as senior research associate of the South East Program at
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from 2000 to 2003. Three films (amongst more made for British TV) record the Niah work
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Fighting General – The Public & Private Campaigns of General Sir Walter Walker
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As well as numerous papers and monographs in scientific journals, especially the
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Harrisson continued directing Mass-Observation and was radio critic for
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920:"Recommendations for Honours and Awards (Army)—Harrisson, Tom Harnett"
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Borneo Jungle. An account of the Oxford University expedition of 1932
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The Most Offending Soul Alive: Tom Harrisson and His Remarkable Life
687:. Lavenham Suffolk: ACMS Publications. pp. 57, 114, 115, 130.
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923:(fee usually required to view pdf of full original recommendation)
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92:. He conducted ornithological and anthropological research in
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Groves, Saugetierkundliche Mitteilungen, 13 (3). pp.128-131
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All Elevations Unknown: An Adventure in the Heart of Borneo
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undertook pioneering excavations in the West Mouth of the
88:. He was a founder of the social observation organisation
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Truscott, Jim (nd). Voices from Borneo. The Japanese War.
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The Adventurers. Four profiles of contemporary travellers
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BBC4 TV, (2007) Harrisson: The Barefoot Anthropologist.
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Pocock, David. 1976. 'Obituary'. RAIN, No. 13, p. 2-3
40:(26 September 1911 – 16 January 1976) was a British
888:. Season 9. Episode 2. PBS. Thirteen/WNET New York.
576:, Collins, London; newly printed: Faber Finds 2010
228:), worked with him at Mass-Observation for a time.
567:The Malays of South-West Sarawak before Malaysia
48:, explorer, journalist, broadcaster, soldier,
867:(Supplement). 21 December 1943. p. 5583.
773:The Mass-Observation Diaries: An Introduction
523:Madge, Charles; & Harrisson, Tom (1939).
509:Madge, Charles; & Harrisson, Tom (1937).
431:, was first broadcast on BBC4 early in 2007.
8:
216:. His cousin, BBC World Service broadcaster
180:. Harrisson enjoyed friendship with such as
1305:Officers of the Order of the British Empire
1039:(Supplement). 30 December 1958. p. 24.
425:Tom Harrisson – The Barefoot Anthropologist
116:Harrisson was born on 26 September 1911 in
72:and writer. Although often described as an
878:Director: Mark Radice (11 November 2009).
400:Officer of the Order of the British Empire
960:(Supplement). 9 March 1951. p. 1287.
908:(Supplement). 4 March 1947. p. 1089.
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488:Birds of the Harrow District 1925–1930
189:in 1932, and then a longer one to the
44:. In the course of his life he was an
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534:. George G. Harrap & Co: London.
285:onto a high plateau occupied by the
1330:20th-century British archaeologists
1260:British people of Argentine descent
440:Didermocerus sumatrensis harrissoni
176:when he continued his education at
497:. The Hate Press: Gloucestershire.
275:Services Reconnaissance Department
14:
1310:Road incident deaths in Thailand
1265:People educated at Harrow School
1208:Jock Marshall: One Armed Warrior
880:"The Airmen and the Headhunters"
383:Bangkok following Thai customs.
1325:20th-century British zoologists
1215:, including much on his friend.
1169:The Airmen and the Headhunters.
520:. Lindsay Drummond Ltd: London.
277:(SRD: a branch of the combined
1233:Expedition to Niah (1954 film)
1154:, University of Hawaii Press,
434:The Bornean subspecies of the
1:
1280:Reconnaissance Corps officers
1195:The Mass Observation Archive
770:University of Sussex (1991),
551:Harrisson, Tom (ed). (1959).
537:Harrisson, Tom (ed). (1943).
516:Harrisson, Tom (ed). (1938).
482:, books he authored include:
393:The Most Offending Soul Alive
299:. The recommendation for his
148:. Harrisson's great aunt was
990:(1st ed.). London: Collins.
546:World Within. A Borneo Story
409:Harrisson appeared twice on
391:The title of his biography,
80:, before he left to live in
1167:Heimann, Judith M. (2007).
1148:Heimann, Judith M. (1998),
779:, p. 1, archived from
525:Britain by Mass-Observation
513:. Frederick Muller: London.
406:, for his work as curator.
398:Harrisson was appointed an
301:Distinguished Service Order
178:Pembroke College, Cambridge
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562:. Victor Gollancz: London.
555:. Sarawak Museum: Kuching.
541:. Victor Gollancz: London.
506:. Victor Gollancz: London.
316:Following the war, he was
279:Allied Intelligence Bureau
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226:John Beavan, Baron Ardwick
220:(mother of the journalist
18:
1213:Alan John (Jock) Marshall
1118:Bibliotheca Herpetologica
1008:Echols Collection No 8623
527:. Penguin: Harmondsworth.
464:Sam Lightner, Jr.'s book
260:he was commissioned as a
196:In 1937, Harrisson, with
1300:Z Special Unit personnel
1180:21 February 2009 at the
1019:Forani turtle collection
827:10.4324/9781315159959-29
574:Living through the Blitz
548:. Cresset Press: London.
493:Harrisson, T.H. (1933).
486:Harrisson, T.H. (1931).
373:Personal life, and death
112:Early life and education
19:Not to be confused with
1200:5 December 2004 at the
1144:Michael Joseph. London.
1137:Green, Timothy (1970).
971:The Borneo Story series
572:Harrisson, Tom (1976).
565:Harrisson, Tom (1970).
558:Harrisson, Tom (1961).
544:Harrisson, Tom (1959).
530:Harrisson, Tom (1943).
500:Harrisson, Tom (1937).
78:University of Cambridge
1295:British ornithologists
683:Rushen, Joyce (1993).
553:The Peoples of Sarawak
539:The Pub and the People
532:Living Among Cannibals
479:Sarawak Museum Journal
438:is named after him as
413:: in October 1943 and
283:Consolidated Liberator
1275:British Army soldiers
931:The National Archives
639:accessed 27 July 2013
604:1959 New Year Honours
451:Pierre Schoendoerffer
240:Further information:
126:Concordia, Entre Ríos
30:Tom Harnett Harrisson
986:Pocock, Tom (1973).
569:. Macmillan: London.
459:Farewell to the King
367:University of Sussex
344:At the start of the
334:dated by radiocarbon
266:Reconnaissance Corps
1219:A Romantic Polymath
1062:Anthropology season
885:Secrets of the Dead
685:She Heard Their Cry
503:Savage Civilisation
436:Sumatran rhinoceros
419:Harrisson's series
411:Desert Island Discs
296:Secrets of the Dead
193:from 1934 to 1936.
170:Great Crested Grebe
159:Harrisson attended
1315:History of Sarawak
1175:accessed June 2007
1091:Asian Perspectives
1036:The London Gazette
957:The London Gazette
905:The London Gazette
864:The London Gazette
429:David Attenborough
363:Cornell University
330:Great Cave at Niah
1161:978-0-8248-2199-9
836:978-1-315-15995-9
582:978-0-571-27103-0
560:Britain Revisited
339:Niah Cave Project
326:Barbara Harrisson
312:Ethnological work
262:second lieutenant
198:Humphrey Jennings
138:Brigadier-General
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1244:Categories
1132:References
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