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be fulfilling that role. In theory this switch should have been a sound decision, as Sayers had displayed crafty ring-tactics as a fighter. However, by this time, he was in the later stages of untreated diabetes and was of no help whatsoever to Heenan as the fight slipped away from him. Sayers had bet heavily on Heenan, losing hundreds of pounds on the fighter's loss. In
January 1864, legal proceedings were initiated against the fighters, seconds and other prominent participants in the prizefight. The proceedings concluded in April with the chief participants having to lodge £100 surety with the court in case of further court action.
507:. They then went on a joint tour of the country, but only the relative success of the Irish and Scottish legs of this tour redeemed the failure of the English part. Heenan returned to the United States, setting out on July 4, 1860. He was forced to leave his championship belt behind as it was kept as security against a sum of money advanced to the jeweller who had made the belt. A large crowd of "sporting men" thronged the London station from which Heenan departed on his way to Southampton to catch the steamer to America. When Sayers arrived with his little boy and
426:, Heenan damaged his right hand on a ring post early on in the bout, making him fight one handed. Even so, he was getting the better of Morrissey which incurred the wrath of Morrissey's supporters who had bet heavily on their man. They were well known for employing violent and unpleasant methods to help their man and some accounts say they stepped on Heenan's damaged hand every time he went down. One journalist reported that they would punch Heenan in the kidneys when he leaned against the ropes. The fight ended in the 11th round when Morrissey knocked out Heenan.
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in the 24th round. The result was controversial: many
American observers later agreed that King had been given longer than the rules allowed to recover from a knock-down in the eighteenth round, and Heenan claimed some time after the fight that his subsequent collapse occurred because he had been drugged.
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His opponent was reigning champion Tom King, whom he was widely expected to beat. Articles for the fight with each side staking £1000 were signed on March 17, 1863. After a strong start with several successful throws, Heenan faded, and King, landing a series of blows to Heenan's face, knocked him out
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The referee had little option but to declare a draw, but the
American Heenan complained bitterly that police had colluded with Sayers's supporters in breaking up the fight as soon as it became clear that the Englishman was beaten. Sayers's supporters protested that their man, not Heenan, had actually
487:
In a fierce and protracted battle, both men were handicapped from an early stage – Sayers by an injury to his right arm after it was hit with a heavy blow in the 6th round, and Heenan by being unable to see through his swollen right eye, an injury he picked up in the 7th round. The action went on for
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Morrissey, refusing a return bout, effectively retired from the ring. This was seen by many as indicating that
Morrissey knew he could not get the better of Heenan in a fair fight. Heenan became champion by default, but had difficulty finding other opponents in America. Jim Cusick accordingly decided
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Heenan did not remain long in the U.S. Just a year after the battle at
Farnborough, the country was torn apart by civil war, and the Benicia Boy returned to England in March 1862. There the following year, by which time the surge in public interest in the prize ring had subsided, he fought once more
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Heenan had been trained for the fight by his countryman, John MacDonald. John Heenan's brother James had also helped to look after the fighter. On the morning of the fight, MacDonald was surprised to find out that Sayers would be his assistant in the corner, having been told that James Heenan would
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Quitting his New York home for the purer air of the west, he died at Green River
Station, Wyoming Territory on October 28, 1873. His old manager, Jim Cusick, who was with him when he died, took his body back to New York for burial. His burial, on November 2, 1873 at St. Agnes Cemetery, Watervliet,
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Six feet two inches tall, and weighing around 190 pounds, his strength and endurance became legendary, and his success in many casual brawls earned him the nickname
Benicia Boy. Spotting his talent, itinerant English trainer Jim Cusick took him to New York, where it might best be exploited. He was
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The mayhem brought on by the ring invasion was brought to near-order and the ring was re-pitched yards away. The fight restarted with neither man able to box proficiently. Heenan was to say much later that he was nearly blind when the second bout began. The fight went on for five rounds until the
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on April 3, 1859, but by
October 1861, she was "united to R. H. Newell, the humorist". Heenan and Menken were divorced in 1862 by an Indiana court. According to a biography of the actress: "it was generally known that Heenan had treated her in the most brutal and ignominious manner." In 1865 he
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The defining moment came in the 37th round when Heenan almost illegally strangled Sayers by forcing his head down over the top rope. Amidst scenes of chaos, the ropes were cut, the crowd surged into the fighting area. Although it is generally believed that the police intervened at this point and
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Heenan's training (unlike that of Sayers) was frequently disrupted by the interventions of police and magistrates, but by the day of battle he was in prime condition, and confident of victory over an opponent eight years older, forty pounds lighter and five inches shorter. The fight came off at
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Morrissey had been raised in Troy, near to where Heenan had grown up and had also been out to
California during the gold rush. After much wrangling, the two men finally met in 1858 – in Canada, where the US authorities could not intervene. As well as there being a personal rivalry between the
214:. The bout ended in chaos when spectators broke into the ring and the police intervened. The referee finally called a draw. The Benicia Boy came home to a hero's welcome, but later returned to England, where he had just one more fight, losing controversially to new British champion
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at the
National Hall, Canal Street. He made a living as a "shoulder hitter" – a strong-arm man who might be hired for enforcement or protection in the seamy and often violent worlds of New York business and politics. His efforts earned him a sinecure in the New York Customs House.
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forty-two rounds spread over more than two hours, by the end of which Heenan's face was so cut and bruised as to be virtually unrecognisable (in addition to his right-eye being closed early in the contest, it was observed that his left eye was nearly shut in the 33rd round).
419:. Stakes were set at $ 2500 a-side. Heenan was trained for the fight by the English prizefighter, Aaron Jones, who had recently fought and been beaten by Tom Sayers. Heenan, whose training had been disrupted by injury, and who was not fully fit, was an unlucky loser.
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reports he was a local celebrity as a powerful boxer, and had proved uniformly successful in fights in private bar rooms. During his time in California he was also known to have spent some time in the workshop of the
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At the age of seventeen, Heenan crossed the continent to California, which had become a lawless and chaotic place following the 1849 gold rush. There is no detailed record of what he did there, but the
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The prize ring was also illegal in England, and by 1859 it was followed only by a small number of enthusiasts. But the Heenan–Sayers contest caught the public imagination in both countries. As
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Jim Cusick, determined that his easy-going protégé should not rest on his laurels, pushed him to challenge for the national title. The American champion at this time was the Irish-born
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observed that "no pugilistic contest ever decided has excited so great an interest, both in this and other countries, as the forthcoming conflict between Sayers and Heenan."
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put it, "the bulk of the people in England and America are heart and soul engrossed in a fight compared to which a Spanish bull-bait is but a mild and diverting pastime."
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571:- the American as Hamlet and James Mace as Laertes in the "Great Fighting Scene". Eight years after his return to America, he became seriously ill with tuberculosis.
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returned to America, where he married actress Sarah Stevens, and had mixed success in the gambling business. In 1870 he appeared onstage with English fighter
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faction in the city tended to favour Heenan. The location of the fight, chosen by the Morrissey camp, was Long Point Island, about 80 miles from
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Heenan loudly demanded a rematch, but Sayers's damaged arm made this impossible, and the two men were finally reconciled, each being awarded a
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to bid farewell to the Benicia Boy, there "commenced such cheering as had never been heard before between the walls of that station".
434:, to whom Heenan issued a challenge in 1859. Heenan crossed the Atlantic on the ship "Asia", landing in Liverpool on January 16, 1860.
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in England and had some success until he was badly injured in a railway accident on June 9, 1864. He married the actress
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Sources frequently differ over the duration of a contest and the number of rounds. See Manson, pp. 275–276 (Endnote 17).
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prize fighter. Though highly regarded, he had only three formal fights in his career, losing two and drawing one.
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The Notorious John Morrissey: How a Bare-Knuckle Brawler Became a Congressman and Founded Saratoga Race Course
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The prize ring was in fact outlawed, but on December 10, 1857, Heenan fought a legal exhibition bout against
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Heenan is best remembered for his second contest, when he traveled to England to fight British champion
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On his return, Heenan was given a hero's welcome and a gift of $ 10,000 raised by public subscription.
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The International Fight Between Tom King, of England, and John C. Heenan, of America, 1863
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police were seen approaching, causing the crowd and fighters to immediately disperse.
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Heenan never fought again. After the King fight, he set himself up as a racetrack
203:(May 2, 1834 – October 28, 1873), also known as the Benicia Boy, was an American
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Heenan was in England at the time of Tom Sayers' funeral, but did not attend.
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738:, January 6, 1864. "Carmel" is an erroneous spelling of Heenan's middle name.
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combatants, there was a social and political dimension to the fight as the
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of November 8, 1873 recorded that the plate on his coffin gave it as 1834.
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Benicia's state capitol was constructed during John Heenan's time there.
313: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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1194:. Vol. 2. London: Licensed victuallers' gazette. pp. 462–474
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reported to have taken up residence in New York in the fall of 1857.
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In Heenan's corner were seconds, Jack MacDonald and James Cusick.
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799:. Vol. 2. London: Licensed victuallers' gazette. pp.
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1271:. The British Newspaper Archive. January 30, 1864. p. 7
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John Camel Heenan was born on May 2, 1834 in West Troy (now
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1835 is often cited as the year of Heenan's birth, but the
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Fights for the championship : the men and their times
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The Sayers–Heenan fight as depicted by ex-boxer Jem Ward.
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for the championship on December 10, 1863 in Wadhurst.
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been the winner. The wrangling went on for some weeks.
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that his next fight should be against British champion
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246:) on the Hudson River. The family had emigrated from
1121:– via Illinois Digital Newspaper Collections.
911:– via Illinois Digital Newspaper Collections.
885:– via Illinois Digital Newspaper Collections.
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389:John Morrissey, the first opponent of John Heenan
1462:Tom Sayers: the last great bare-knuckle champion
964:. University Press of Kentucky. pp. 47–48.
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1351:. Vol. 2. London. 1901. pp. 242–251
30:For the English Roman Catholic cardinal, see
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1269:Bell's Life in London and Sporting Chronicle
1139:Bell's Life in London and Sporting Chronicle
1059:. Vol. 3. Edinburgh: J.Grant. pp.
1025:Bell's Life in London and Sporting Chronicle
271:, which served as state capital in 1853–54.
1544:Sportspeople from Solano County, California
1369:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1335:– via The British Newspaper Archive.
1307:– via The British Newspaper Archive.
1177:– via The British Newspaper Archive.
1149:– via The British Newspaper Archive.
1035:– via The British Newspaper Archive.
848:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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492:stopped the fight, this was not the case.
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1390:. Philadelphia: Lippincott. pp. xii.
1162:"Last scene of the battle of Farnborough"
830:. Vol. 1. London. 1901. pp. 3–8
373:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1248:. London. December 10, 1863. p. 5.
728:
1475:History of the bare-knuckle prize ring
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958:Nicholson, James C. (March 25, 2016).
920:
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422:According to Alan Wright's account in
220:Green River Station, Wyoming Territory
1524:19th-century deaths from tuberculosis
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311:adding citations to reliable sources
1264:"The training of John Camel Heenan"
459:On the other side of the Atlantic,
224:St Agnes Cemetery, Albany, New York
222:in October 1873, and is buried at
25:
147:6 ft 2 in (188 cm)
1549:People from Watervliet, New York
1534:American people of Irish descent
1443:. Vance Harvey Publishing, 1973.
1416:– via Library of Congress.
903:. December 19, 1857. p. 274
658:Farnborough, Hampshire, England
518:Championship fight with Tom King
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1564:Catholics from New York (state)
1539:People from Benicia, California
1348:Famous fights, past and present
1219:. Edinburgh: J.Grant. pp.
992:. October 25, 1858. p. 2.
827:Famous Fights, Past and Present
661:2 hours 10 minutes (42 rounds)
446:Tom Sayers, Champion of England
298:needs additional citations for
1559:Tuberculosis deaths in Wyoming
1408:. February 18, 1870. p. 2
877:. October 30, 1858. p. 22
265:Pacific Mail Steamship Company
1:
1574:Burials at St. Agnes Cemetery
1299:. January 14, 1864. p. 7
1242:"The Great Fight, This Day".
1134:"Departure of John C. Heenan"
871:"The Championship of America"
402:The fight with John Morrissey
1529:American bare-knuckle boxers
1384:Menken, Adah Isaacs (1888).
1213:Miles, Henry Downes (1906).
1053:Miles, Henry Downes (1906).
990:Wheeling Daily Intelligencer
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1191:Fights for the championship
1188:Henning, Fred W.J. (1902).
1027:. April 17, 1860. p. 4
704:Heavyweight boxing champion
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1327:. April 9, 1864. p. 9
1113:. July 28, 1860. p. 1
932:. May 3, 1878. p. 7.
765:"Burial of John C. Heenan"
677:Wadhurst, Sussex, England
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27:American boxer (1834–1873)
1569:Catholics from California
1169:. July 7, 1860. p. 3
1141:. July 8, 1860. p. 7
901:idnc.library.illinois.edu
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438:The fight with Tom Sayers
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689:Awards and achievements
139:190 lb (86 kg)
1464:. The Book Guild, 1994.
1320:"The later prize fight"
1094:The Manchester Guardian
986:"The great prize fight"
680:39 minutes (24 rounds)
642:21 minutes (11 rounds)
462:The Manchester Guardian
1455:The Lion and the Eagle
1441:The Life of Tom Sayers
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471:Farnborough, Hampshire
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32:John Heenan (cardinal)
1448:The Great Prize Fight
1292:"The late prizefight"
930:Chicago Daily Tribune
771:: 2. November 8, 1873
575:was described in the
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424:The Great Prize Fight
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101:Green River Station,
1554:American male boxers
1457:. SportsBooks, 2008.
307:improve this article
1490:Sayers–Heenan fight
1406:The New York herald
1325:Hampshire Chronicle
793:Henning, Fred W.J.
639:Long Point, Canada
473:on April 17, 1860.
1020:"The Championship"
897:"New York Clipper"
564:Adah Isaacs Menken
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55:Heenan, circa 1863
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1096:, April 16, 1860.
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279:Prize ring career
218:. Heenan died at
201:John Camel Heenan
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103:Wyoming Territory
65:John Camel Heenan
16:(Redirected from
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324: –
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318:Find sources:
312:
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296:This section
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157:Boxing record
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1499:Find a Grave
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1410:. Retrieved
1405:
1396:
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1379:
1353:. Retrieved
1347:
1341:
1329:. Retrieved
1324:
1313:
1301:. Retrieved
1296:
1285:
1273:. Retrieved
1268:
1245:The Standard
1243:
1237:
1225:. Retrieved
1215:
1208:
1196:. Retrieved
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1171:. Retrieved
1166:
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1143:. Retrieved
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1031:February 16,
1029:. Retrieved
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1001:. Retrieved
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317:
305:Please help
300:verification
297:
273:
256:
241:
209:
205:bare-knuckle
200:
199:
163:Total fights
156:
127:
96:(1873-10-28)
36:
1519:1873 deaths
1514:1834 births
1216:Pugilistica
1056:Pugilistica
674:1863-12-10
655:1860-04-17
636:1858-10-20
230:Early years
111:Nationality
75:May 2, 1834
1508:Categories
1485:Tom Sayers
1412:August 30,
714:Joe Coburn
651:Tom Sayers
569:James Mace
509:Owen Swift
432:Tom Sayers
395:Joe Coburn
363:March 2018
333:newspapers
248:Templemore
244:Watervliet
212:Tom Sayers
128:Statistics
71:1834-05-02
18:Tom Heenan
1402:"Tammany"
1387:Infelicia
1365:cite book
998:2333-858X
938:2572-9985
844:cite book
736:The Times
560:bookmaker
135:Weight(s)
79:West Troy
1355:June 18,
1331:June 17,
1303:June 17,
1275:June 17,
1173:July 22,
1145:July 22,
1117:June 20,
943:June 27,
670:Tom King
622:Duration
617:Location
607:Opponent
591:2 Losses
413:nativist
216:Tom King
114:American
83:New York
1227:May 17,
1198:May 17,
1067:May 10,
1003:July 1,
907:July 2,
834:May 11,
775:May 22,
417:Buffalo
347:scholar
269:Benicia
996:
968:
936:
807:May 9,
602:Result
595:1 Draw
349:
342:
335:
328:
320:
179:Losses
144:Height
105:, U.S.
85:, U.S.
723:Notes
666:Loss
647:Draw
628:Loss
354:JSTOR
340:books
187:Draws
1414:2018
1371:link
1357:2018
1333:2019
1305:2019
1277:2019
1229:2018
1223:–518
1200:2018
1175:2019
1147:2019
1119:2019
1069:2018
1063:–443
1033:2019
1005:2019
994:ISSN
966:ISBN
945:2019
934:ISSN
909:2019
883:2018
850:link
836:2018
809:2018
803:–432
777:2018
612:Date
326:news
171:Wins
91:Died
61:Born
1497:at
1221:510
1061:419
801:411
309:by
267:in
1510::
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1367:}}
1363:{{
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370:(
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361:(
351:·
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337:·
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190:1
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69:(
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20:)
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