529:
which he'd tied the bag with. They took that bag and gave it to Hare. Another day when Hare was walking along, Tortoise found him and said, "I've got my tail!" Hare said, "Nonsense, this is my tail, Tortoise." Tortoise refused to accept this and said, "What I've got is mine." They went to the Court so that it could make a judgement. In that Court, the case went in
Tortoise's favour. They cut off Hare's tail and gave it to Tortoise.)
311:
153:
518:
wangumangiya Thumba. Ŵanguchito thumba liya ndikumpaska Kalulu. Zuwa linyaki lo Kalulu wayendanga, Fuwu wangumusaniya ndipu wanguti, “Ndato mchira wangu!” Kalulu wanguti “ake! yiwi Fuwu m’chira ngwangu.” Fuwu wangukana ndipu wanguti, “Ndato ngwangu”. Ŵanguluta ku Mphala kuti yikayeruzgi. Ku Mphala kuwa, mlandu wungutowe Fuwu. Ŵangudumuwa m’chira waku Kalulu ndi kupaska Fuwu.
552:
The chairman of the original organising committee, Rev. Maxwell Mezuwa Banda, is quoted as saying in 2017 that one of the aims of the organisation was to preserve the Tonga language, which he said was being swallowed up by
Chichewa, more especially among youths. "We want to revive this language among
528:
When he was on his way, Hare came up behind him and said, "I've found it, my bag!" Tortoise said "No, you're lying, see this string I've tied now I'm pulling it as I go." Hare refused to accept this and said "Let's go the Court, it will judge us." The Court examined the case and cut
Tortoise's string
544:
In August 2017 a cultural organisation originally known as the Nkhata Bay Tonga
Heritage was established to promote Tonga language and culture. But shortly after its establishment the name was changed to Mdawuku wa aTonga (MWATO). The group honours well-known Malawians of Tonga origin and supports a
517:
Penipo wanguwa pa nthowa, Kalulu wanguza kuvuli kwaki ndipu wanguti “Ndato, thumba langu!” Fuwu wanguti “Awa upusika ndangu, wona chingwi ichi ndamanga sonu ndiguza pakwenda”. Kalulu wangukana ndipu wanguti “Tikengi ku Mphala yikatiyeruzgi”. Mphala yingudumuwa mlandu ndi kucheketa chingwi cho Fuwu
257:. The number of speakers is estimated to be 170,000 (2001 estimate). According to the Mdawuku wa Atonga (MWATO) (formerly the Nkhata Bay Tonga Heritage) there are also significant numbers of speakers living elsewhere in Malawi and in neighbouring countries.
323:
The Tonga language is tonal, with underlying tones High and non-High. Unlike
Tumbuka, the high tones are not confined to the penultimate syllable of the word, but can be found in different places in different words.
264:, and Turner's dictionary (1952) lists only those words which differ from the Tumbuka, with the added comment that "the Tonga folk, being rapid speakers, slur or elide the final syllable of many words, e.g.
899:
514:
Fuwu wanguruta kwachipempha vakurgha ku ŵanthu. Pakupinga thumba laki, wanguchita kumanga kuchingwi chitali ndi kuvwara mu singo laki. Ndipu pakwenda, thumba lazanga kuvuli kwaki.
892:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
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Tortoise went to beg food from people. To carry his bag, he tied it to a long string and wore it round his neck. As he walked along, the bag was coming behind him.
791:
503:
and other languages of
Northern Malawi is given in the Language Mapping Survey for Northern Malawi carried out by the Centre for Language Studies of the
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913:
300:
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dance, danced by men and women wearing suits and hats. (The dance is named after the Hohner accordion, which is used for accompaniment.)
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59:
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Language map of
Northern Malawi produced by the Centre for Language Studies of the University of Malawi
335:"learn/swim" which have a tone on the final syllable of the stem. When a tone is final, as in the verb
690:
504:
650:
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the young ones. Otherwise, if we leave it as it is, in 10 years’ time, the language will be gone."
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is geographic and its groupings do not imply a relationship between the languages within them.
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339:"shout", it tends to spread backwards to the penultimate syllable, giving the result
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532:(The Tumbuka version of this story can be found for comparison in the article
307:
is classified as Zone M64 and can thus be considered a different language.
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206:
190:
172:
197:
327:
Most verb roots in Tonga are toneless, although there are a few such as
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769:
254:
158:
49:
545:
band known as the Park Town Band, whose speciality is the local
1796:
Narrow Bantu languages by
Guthrie classification zone templates
881:
773:
314:
Nkhata Bay, chief town in the Tonga-speaking area of Malawi
260:
The Tonga language of Malawi is described as "similar" to
288:." Tonga (Nyasa), i.e. Malawian Tonga, is grouped in the
373:
Monosyllabic verbs or verbs starting with a vowel add
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355:Some of the Chitonga tenses are formed as follows:
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509:
679:Tonga heritage change name to Mudawuku Watonga
893:
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8:
691:Mutharika to miss Mdawuka wa aTonga ceremony
635:. Hetherwick Press, Blantyre (Malawi), 1952.
1820:Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones N–S)
1815:Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones J–M)
1810:Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones E–H)
1805:Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones C–D)
1800:Template:Narrow Bantu languages (Zones A–B)
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25:
717:(Daily Times newspaper, August 16, 2019).
522:(Translation: THE TORTOISE AND THE HARE
507:. The Chitonga version goes as follows:
309:
19:For other languages called "Tonga", see
622:, quoting Johnstone and Mandryk (2001).
562:
729:(Nation newspaper, February 13, 2015).
534:Tumbuka language#An example of Tumbuka
7:
741:(Nation newspaper, August 18, 2017).
705:(Nation newspaper, August 17, 2019).
693:(Nation newspaper, August 18, 2018).
739:Tongas set to launch heritage group
499:An example of a folktale in Tonga,
1778:Languages between parentheses are
455:– I was dancing or I used to dance
303:as being in Zone N15, whereas the
14:
681:(Nyasa Times, September 4, 2017).
467:– I was walking or I used to walk
633:Tumbuka–Tonga–English Dictionary
394:– I am walking/travelling (root
358:Present habitual or continuous:
299:Malawian Tonga is classified by
151:
727:82 years of honala performances
592:New Updated Guthrie List Online
461:– I was eating or I used to eat
21:Tonga language (disambiguation)
16:Bantu language spoken in Malawi
1782:of the language on their left.
651:"Tone in Malawian Tonga verbs"
1:
765:Another version of the dance
511:FUWU NDI KALULU (Chitonga)
384:– I eat, I am eating (root
347:represents a rising tone).
1862:
715:Mdawuku wa aTonga Saturday
703:Mwato outlines 5-year plan
292:classification along with
18:
1764:
540:Mdawuku wa aTonga (MWATO)
38:
33:
590:Jouni Filip Maho, 2009.
1841:Rufiji-Ruvuma languages
667:Language Mapping Survey
580:(subscription required)
1789:Guthrie classification
914:Guthrie classification
520:
365:– i am dancing (root
315:
655:Journal of Humanities
631:Turner, Rev. Wm. Y.,
313:
249:spoken mainly in the
649:Mtenje, A.D. (1994)
505:University of Malawi
1846:Languages of Malawi
1002:Mwera of Mbamba Bay
801:Languages of Malawi
495:An example of Tonga
296:in a single group.
251:Nkhata Bay District
143:Recognised minority
71:170,000 (2001)
1634:(Northern) Ndebele
840:Regional languages
824:National languages
808:Official languages
657:, Nos 8/9, 1994/5.
316:
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1773:extinct languages
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1418:North-West Herero
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875:
874:
578:(18th ed., 2015)
402:Present Perfect
236:
235:
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1682:Sumayela Ndebele
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1395:Kolonkadhi-Eunda
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448:Past habitual:
421:- I have walked
409:- I have danced
377:in this tense:
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478:– I will dance
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415:- I have eaten
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490:– I will walk
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338:
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330:
325:
318:
312:
308:
306:
305:Zambian Tonga
302:
297:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
258:
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252:
248:
244:
241:(native name
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61:
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54:
51:
48:
44:
41:
37:
32:
27:
22:
1768:
960:
847:Malawi Lomwe
760:Honala dance
755:Honala dance
734:
722:
710:
698:
686:
674:
662:
654:
632:
627:
617:
609:
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586:
573:
565:
551:
546:
543:
531:
527:
524:
521:
516:
513:
510:
498:
487:
484:– I will eat
481:
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406:
401:
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259:
242:
238:
237:
224:Guthrie code
205:
117:
39:
34:Malawi Tonga
1084:Sena-Malawi
669:, p. 60-64.
488:ndiyendengi
465:ndayendanga
331:"shout" or
98:Benue–Congo
87:Niger–Congo
1835:Categories
1664:Nhlangwini
1640:Old Mfengu
1581:Phalaborwa
1377:Dombondola
1112:Ndengereko
619:Ethnologue
575:Ethnologue
557:References
482:ndirghengi
476:ndĂvinengi
459:ndarghanga
453:ndavĂnanga
444:– I walked
442:ndingwenda
436:ndingurgha
432:– I danced
430:ndinguvĂna
1780:varieties
1771:indicate
1557:Khalaxadi
1389:Kwaluudhi
1365:Ndongwena
1335:Ngandyera
967:Ndendeule
382:nditurgha
290:Glottolog
207:Glottolog
191:ISO 639-3
173:ISO 639-2
56:Ethnicity
1469:Korekore
1359:Mbalanhu
1317:Kwanyama
1031:Manganja
419:ndayenda
392:nditénda
284:becomes
276:becomes
268:becomes
243:Chitonga
214:tong1321
40:ChiTonga
1769:Italics
1723:Hlengwe
1505:Kalanga
1493:Karanga
1481:Manyika
1371:Kwankwa
1353:Mbandja
1276:Nyaneka
1264:Umbundu
1165:Makonde
1124:Matumbi
1060:Nyungwe
996:Tumbuka
949:Matengo
908:Narrow
862:Tumbuka
815:English
501:Tumbuka
438:– I ate
413:ndargha
407:ndavina
363:ndĂvina
343:(where
341:bangǔlá
337:bangulá
333:sambilá
329:bangulá
301:Guthrie
294:Tumbuka
262:Tumbuka
245:) is a
103:Bantoid
1750:[S611
1721:[S511
1711:Tsonga
1705:Gwamba
1658:Phuthi
1638:[S401
1599:Pulana
1587:Kutswe
1579:[S301
1569:Lobedu
1551:Ngwatu
1545:Kgatla
1539:Tswana
1475:Zezuru
1454:Zone S
1416:[R311
1412:Herero
1383:Esinga
1341:Kafima
1339:[R211
1329:Kwambi
1323:Ndonga
1288:Kuvale
1286:[R101
1282:Khumbi
1270:Ndombe
1249:Zone R
1236:Moniga
1224:Sakati
1216:[P311
1177:Mabiha
1171:Ndonde
1136:Mbunga
1130:Ngindo
1097:Zone P
1082:[N441
1048:Nsenga
1019:Nyanja
1000:[N201
965:[N101
922:Zone N
547:honala
375:-t(Ăş)-
351:Tenses
282:kutola
278:kukuwa
274:kukura
270:kuliya
266:kulira
255:Malawi
159:Malawi
156:
50:Malawi
1752:Lenge
1746:Tonga
1717:Ronga
1680:S408
1674:S407
1668:S406
1662:S405
1656:S404
1652:Hlubi
1650:S403
1646:Bhaca
1644:S402
1628:Swati
1616:Xhosa
1597:S304
1591:S303
1585:S302
1575:Sotho
1567:S32b
1561:S32a
1555:S31d
1549:S31c
1543:S31b
1537:S31a
1522:Venda
1485:S13b
1479:S13a
1422:R312
1393:R242
1387:R241
1381:R218
1375:R217
1369:R216
1363:R215
1357:R214
1351:R213
1347:Evale
1345:R212
1300:Mbali
1298:R103
1294:Kwisi
1292:R102
1234:P341
1228:P331
1222:P312
1212:Cuabo
1206:Ngulu
1200:Lomwe
1194:Makua
1159:Mwera
1118:Ruihi
1078:Podzo
1054:Kunda
1029:N31c
1023:N31b
1017:N31a
977:N121
973:Nindi
971:N102
961:Tonga
955:Mpoto
943:Ngoni
937:Manda
857:Tonga
852:Ndali
831:Chewa
614:Tonga
570:Tonga
396:-end-
367:-vin-
319:Tones
286:kuto’
239:Tonga
118:Tonga
108:Bantu
60:Tonga
29:Tonga
1787:The
1744:S62
1740:Copi
1738:S61
1715:S54
1709:S53
1703:S52
1699:Tswa
1697:S51
1670:Lala
1632:S44
1626:S43
1622:Zulu
1620:S42
1614:S41
1573:S33
1563:Pedi
1520:S21
1503:S16
1499:Ndau
1497:S15
1491:S14
1487:Tebe
1473:S12
1467:S11
1439:R41
1410:R31
1333:R24
1327:R23
1321:R22
1315:R21
1280:R14
1274:R13
1268:R12
1262:R11
1218:Koti
1210:P34
1204:P33
1198:P32
1192:P31
1175:P25
1169:P24
1163:P23
1157:P22
1151:P21
1134:P15
1128:P14
1122:P13
1116:P12
1110:P11
1076:N46
1070:N45
1066:Sena
1064:N44
1058:N43
1052:N42
1046:N41
1025:Cewa
994:N21
959:N15
953:N14
947:N13
941:N12
935:N11
386:-ly-
231:N.15
1732:S60
1691:S50
1608:S40
1593:Pai
1531:S30
1514:S20
1461:S10
1441:Yei
1433:R40
1404:R30
1309:R20
1256:R10
1186:P30
1153:Yao
1145:P20
1104:P10
1072:Rue
1040:N40
1011:N30
988:N20
929:N10
867:Yao
616:at
572:at
536:.)
253:of
198:tog
181:tog
1837::
653:.
640:^
280:,
272:,
89:?
1775:.
916:)
901:e
894:t
887:v
793:e
786:t
779:v
398:)
388:)
369:)
345:Ç”
23:.
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