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of the Edo period were little different, essentially acting as independent agents for specific elements of the domestic trade; most often they were shippers, but many were local handlers, middlemen, or warehousers. They would be hired by a firm (a merchant, a shop, etc.) which operated out of one of
129:, transporting goods to Edo, numbered at least 24 in 1700, and a great many "guilds" existed specializing in the handling of individual types of goods, such as cotton, sugar, or paper. In addition, there were groups such as the
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Tonya, who specialized in the handling and transportation of goods within two of Japan's four great "gates" to the outside world; Matsumae, in
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managers; the term applies equally to the traders themselves and to their shops or warehouses. First appearing as early as the 12th century,
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the big cities to manage or handle the firm's goods in some other portion of the country. Wholesale freight shippers operating out of
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113:(問男) may be one from 1175, in which a number of Court officials hire an outside boatsman to transport them down the
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Sansom, George (1963). "A History of Japan: 1615-1867." Stanford: Stanford
University Press.
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Sansom, George (1961). "A History of Japan: 1334-1615." Stanford: Stanford
University Press.
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This article is about the
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and the numerous other types of groups in Osaka and Edo, including
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315:Japanese historical terms
109:The earliest record of a
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305:Road transport in Japan
300:Economy of feudal Japan
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115:Yodo River
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111:toi-otoko
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62:, called
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188:See also
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91:shipment
87:managers
131:Satsuma
105:History
72:brokers
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180:, and
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