Trần dynasty - Knowledge (XXG)

3498: 2135: 3399: 3486: 3462: 3474: 3450: 3308: 3426: 2563: 2869: 105: 3380: 93: 2996:) following in the next year. The second-degree examination included four rounds: literary dissertation, literary composition, imperial document redaction, and eventually an essay which was personally evaluated by the Emperor. For the lower-ranking officials, the emperor had another examination which tested writing and calculating, such as the examination in the sixth lunar month of 1261 during the reign of Trần Thánh Tông. 2298:. While being modest and diligent under the regency of Minh Tông, the reign of Emperor Dụ Tông saw extravagant spending on the building of several luxurious palaces and other indulgences. Dụ Tông introduced theatre, which was considered at the time to be a shameful pleasure, into the imperial court. The Emperor died on the 25th day of the fifth lunar month, 1369, at the age of 28, after appointing his brother's son 1915: 2134: 2378:, an official who had two aunts entitled as consorts of Minh Tông, was appointed to one of the highest positions in the imperial court. Despite his complicity in the death of the Emperor Duệ Tông, Hồ Quý Ly still had Nghệ Tông's confidence and came to hold more and more power at the imperial court. Facing the unstoppable rise of Hồ Quý Ly in the court, the Emperor Trần Phế Đế plotted with minister 1531: 3414: 695: 2773: 2402:, and held the title Retired Emperor at the age of only 20. Only one year after his resignation, Thuận Tông was killed on the orders of Hồ Quý Ly. Hồ Quý Ly also authorised the execution of over 370 persons who opposed his dominance in the imperial court, including several prominent mandarins and the Emperor's relatives together with their families, such as Trần Khát Chân, 2317:, after receiving advice from several mandarins and members of the imperial family, decided to raise an army for the purpose of overthrowing Nhật Lễ. After one month, his plan succeeded and Trần Phủ became the new emperor of Đại Việt, ruling as Trần Nghệ Tông, while Nhật Lễ was downgraded to Duke of Hôn Đức (Hôn Đức Công) and was killed afterwards by an order of Nghệ Tông. 3438: 2613: 2014:, where the Yuan navy was almost destroyed and the balance in the battlefield tilted definitively in favor of the Trần dynasty. Ten days later Sogetu was killed and the Trần Emperor Nhân Tông and Emperor Emeritus Thánh Tông returned to the capital, Thăng Long, on the sixth day of the sixth lunar month, 1285. 2989:, imperial document redaction, and finally argument and planning. This examining process was abandoned in 1396 by the Emperor Trần Thuận Tông under pressure from Hồ Quý Ly, who replaced the traditional examination with the new version as a part of his radical reforms of the social and administrative system. 3243:

by Trần dynasty officials, such as in 1248 when Trần Thủ Độ ordered several feng shui masters to block many spots over the country for the purpose of protecting the newly founded Trần dynasty from its opponents. Achievements in science during the Trần dynasty were not detailed in historical accounts,

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When Trần Cảnh informed Trần Thủ Độ that the Empress Regnant seemed to have affection towards him, the leader of the Trần clan immediately decided to take this chance to carry out his plot to overthrow the Lý dynasty and establish a new dynasty ruled by his own clan. First Trần Thủ Độ moved the whole

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researcher Sun Laichen, the Trần dynasty acquired gunpowder technology from China and effectively used it to change the balance of power between Đại Việt and Champa in favour of Đại Việt. As a result of this Sun reasoned that the need for copper for manufacturing firearms was probably another reason

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then became the state's commercial center with numerous markets established. A 13th-century Mongolian ambassador mentioned that markets were held twice a month, with "plenty of goods", and a market was situated every five miles on the state highway. Inns were also established by the state during the

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At the southern border, Trần Quang Khải also had to retreat under the pressure of Sogetu's navy and the defection of the governor of Nghe An. This critical situation for the Trần dynasty began to change after the Toghan made the decision to retreat with the forward troops their victory in the fourth

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Trần Thái Tông was enthroned when he was only eight years old. There were several rebellions in Đại Việt at that time, so Trần Thủ Độ had to devote all of his efforts to consolidating the rule of Thái Tông in the imperial court and over the country. Right after the coronation of the Emperor in 1226,

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After the collapse of the Lý Dynasty, Trần Thủ Độ was still afraid that the newly established Trần Dynasty might be overthrown by its political opponents. He therefore continued to eliminate members of the Lý imperial family: first the former emperor Lý Huệ Tông was coerced into suicide in the tenth

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to the imperial court and made Lý Chiêu Hoàng cede the throne to her new husband on the grounds that she was incapable of holding office. Thus Trần Cảnh was chosen as her successor. As a result, the 216-year reign of the Lý dynasty was ended, and the new Trần dynasty was created on the first day of

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During its 175 years of existence, the Trần dynasty carried out fourteen imperial examinations including ten official and four auxiliary contests. Many laureates from these examinations later became prominent officials in the imperial court or well-known scholars such as Lê Văn Hưu, author of the

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launched their third invasion of Đại Việt. This time, unlike the second invasion, commander-in-chief Prince Hưng Đạo (Trần Quốc Tuấn) assured the Emperor that Đại Việt's army could easily break the Yuan military campaign. After occupying and looting the capital, Toghan decided to retreat with the

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was dissatisfied with the arrangement at the end of the first invasion and requested greater tributary payments, including taxes to the Mongols in both money and labor, "incense, gold, silver, cinnabar, agarwood, sandalwood, ivory, tortoiseshell, pearls, rhinoceros horn, silk floss, and porcelain

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opposed the encroachment of a foreign army across his territory and so dispatched soldiers on elephants to deter the Mongol troops. The elephant-mounted troops were routed by sharpshooters targeting the elephants. In comparison with the previous Ly dynasty, the Tran had strengthened their armed

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in order to avoid the family feud. Finally Trần Thủ Độ forcefully yet successfully persuaded Thái Tông to return to the throne, and Trần Liễu had to surrender after judging that he could not stand with his fragile force. All soldiers who participated in this revolt were killed; Trần Thủ Độ even

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After the Mongol invasions, king Trần Nhân Tông led an attack into modern-day Laos in the winter of 1289–1290 against the advice of his advisors with the goal of preventing raids from the inhabitants of the highlands. Famines and starvations ravaged the country from 1290 to 1292. There were no

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During the rule of the Trần dynasty, medicine had a better chance to develop because of a more significant role of Confucianism in society. In 1261, the emperor issued an order to establish the Institute of Imperial Physicians (Thái y viện) which managed medicine in Đại Việt, carrying out the

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Manufactured items such as handicrafts, cotton, silk and brocades saw rapid development in this period. Some of these items were exported to China while silver, gold, tin and lead mining increased jewelry-making. State-minted copper coins were set up by the Tran authorities, so were weapons

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and downgrade Phế Đế to Prince Linh Đức in December 1388. Trần Nghệ Tông died on the 15th day of the twelfth lunar month, 1394 at the age of 73 leaving the imperial court in the total control of Hồ Quý Ly. He began to reform the administrative and examination systems of the Trần dynasty and

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members of the Trần clan and imperial family were required by the Emperor to take full advantage of their land grants by hiring the poor to cultivate them. Đại Việt's cultivated land was annually ruined by river floods, so for a more stable agriculture, in 1244 Trần Thái Tông ordered his

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in October of the lunar calendar, 1224. Ascending the throne at the age of only six, Lý Chiêu Hoàng ruled under the dominant influence of the commander of the imperial guard, Trần Thủ Độ. Even the Empress Regnant's servants were chosen by Trần Thủ Độ; one of them was his 7-year-old nephew

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and Trần Khánh Dư, commanded three groups of Đại Việt military units to attack Champa in 1312. Chế Chí was defeated and captured in this invasion, and Anh Tông installed a hand-picked successor, but the relations between Đại Việt and Champa remained strained for a long time afterwards.

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Like his predecessor Dụ Tông, Nhật Lễ neglected his administrative duties and concentrated only on drinking, theatre, and wandering. He even wanted to change his family name back to Dương. Such activities disappointed everyone in the imperial court. This prompted the Prime Minister

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and Beijing opera differed in the way of using painted faces, costumes, or theatrical conventions. The art of theatre was introduced to the imperial court by Trần Dụ Tông and eventually the emperor even decided to cede the throne to Dương Nhật Lễ, who was born to a couple of

2141: 1829:, did not have their first son for some time. This situation worried the grand chancellor Trần Thủ Độ because he had profited from similar circumstances with the Emperor Lý Huệ Tông in overthrowing the Lý dynasty. Therefore, in 1237 Trần Thủ Độ decided to force Prince Hoài 3497: 2838:). The military school, Giảng võ đường, which focused on teaching about war and military manoeuvre, was opened in August of the same year. Together with this military school, the first Temple of Military Men (Võ miếu) was built in Thăng Long to worship 2536:

Towards the end of the Trần dynasty, Hồ Quý Ly held absolute power in the imperial court, and he began to carry out his ideas for reforming the economy of Đại Việt. The most significant change during this time was the replacement of copper coins with

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Trần literature is considered superior to Lý literature in both quality and quantity. Initially, most members of the Trần clan were fishermen without any depth of knowledge. For example, Trần Thủ Độ, the founder of the Trần dynasty, was described in

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was appointed by Nghệ Tông to take charge of stopping Champa. In the first lunar month of 1390, Trần Khát Chân had a decisive victory over Champa which resulted in the death of Chế Bồng Nga and stabilised situation in the southern part of Đại Việt.

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At the beginning of the war, the Đại Việt army suffered several defeats at the hands of an overwhelming force that had already conquered a vast area in Asia. Several high-ranking officials of the Trần dynasty were so fearful that Prince

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defending the two emperors. The mass defections were the result of the significant effect that recent Mongol conquest of the Southern Song had on contemporary observers, with a Mongol conquest of Vietnam appearing inevitable to many.

6261: 6104: 2682:. Before the Trần dynasty, Vietnamese was only used in oral history or proverbs. Under the rule of the Emperor Trần Nhân Tông, it was used for the first time as the second language in official scripts of the imperial court, besides 6694: 2468:

To restore the country's economy, which had been heavily damaged during the turbulent time at the end of the Lý dynasty, Emperor Trần Thái Tông decided to reform the nation's system of taxation by introducing a new personal tax

6880: 3398: 2332:, the capital of Đại Việt. The Trần army could not withstand this attack and the Trần imperial court had to escape from Thăng Long, creating an opportunity for Chế Bồng Nga to violently loot the capital before withdrawing. 2489:. Besides personal taxes, farmers were obliged to pay a land tax in measures of rice that was calculated by land classification. One historical book reveals that the Trần dynasty taxed everything from fish and fruits to 6556: 3425: 3281:

appeared in the historical records of Đại Việt. It was responsible for the death of the King of Champa, Chế Bồng Nga, after general Trần Khát Chân fired a cannon from his battleship in January 1390. According to the

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Trần clan to the imperial palace and arranged a secret marriage between Lý Chiêu Hoàng and Trần Cảnh there, without the appearance of any mandarin or member of the Lý imperial family. After that, he announced the

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was widely known for his medical ethics, treating patients regardless of their descent with his own medicine made from regional herbs; it was said that Phạm Công Bân gathered his remedies in a medical book named

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The people of the Trần dynasty and the later Hồ dynasty continued to improve their firearms using gunpowder. This resulted in weapons of superior quality to their Chinese counterparts. These were acquired by the

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as a man of superficial learning. However, after their usurpation of power from the Lý dynasty, Trần emperors and other princes and marquises always attached special importance to culture, especially literature.

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The Trần dynasty was considered a golden age for music and culture. Although it was still seen as a shameful pleasure at that time, theatre rapidly developed towards the end of the Trần dynasty with the role of

2038:, who took charge of ambushing prince Toghan's retreating troops. After the destruction of the Mongol navy, both the Đại Việt and Champa decided to accept the nominal supremacy of the Yuan dynasty and serve as 6670: 1935:. In 1283, Khubilai Khan sent word to the Trần that he intended to send Yuan armies through Trần territory to attack the kingdom of Champa, with demands for provisions and other support to the Yuan army. 3264:

for astronomic measurement. From the result in observation, Đặng Lộ successfully persuaded the emperor to modify the calendar in 1339 for a better fit with the agricultural seasons in Đại Việt. Marquis

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in the Vietnamese language. The achievement of Vietnamese language literature during the Trần era was the essential basis for the development of this language and the subsequent literature of Vietnam.

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records of what caused the crop failures, but possible factors included neglect of the water control system due to the war, the mobilization of men away from the rice fields, and floods or drought.

6492: 2244:. Anh Tông accepted this offer, then took and renamed Ô prefecture and Lý prefecture as Thuận prefecture and Hóa prefecture. These two prefectures soon began to be referred to collectively as the 6699: 6561: 6497: 6300: 6266: 6109: 2982:, so that students from those remote regions could have the motivation for the imperial examination. This separation was abolished in 1275 when the ruler decided that it was no longer necessary. 6305: 2865:. After another imperial examination in 1239, the Trần emperor began to establish the system of seven-year periodic examinations in order to select imperial students from all over the country. 1840:

Furious at losing his pregnant wife to his brother, Trần Liễu rose in revolt against the imperial family. Meanwhile, Thái Tông felt remorse about the situation and decided to become a monk at

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workshops, court attire workshops and utilities for bronze smelting. Education and literature were largely aided from improvements in the technology of printing and engraved wooden plates.

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in 1282. He was considered the pioneer who introduced chữ nôm in literature. After Hàn Thuyên, chữ Nôm was progressively used by Trần scholars in composing Vietnamese literature, such as

6704: 2736:(also see 话剧) in the performing arts of Đại Việt such as stories, costumes, roles, and acrobatics. For that reason, Lý Nguyên Cát was traditionally considered the founder of the art of 2414:. The end of the Trần dynasty came on the 28th day of the second lunar month (Gregorian: March 23) 1400, when Hồ Quý Ly decided to overthrow Thiếu Đế and established a new dynasty, the 5393: 5407: 2985:

In 1304, the Emperor Trần Anh Tông decided to standardize the examination by four different rounds in which candidates were eliminated step by step through tests of classical texts,

2595:), which was considered one of the finest examples of Vietnamese patriotic literature during the dynastic era. Patriotism in Trần literature was also represented by the proclamation 1969:. Meanwhile, several high-ranking officials and members of the imperial family of the Trần dynasty defected to the Yuan side, including Thánh Tông's own brother, Prince Chiêu Quốc ( 5353: 2819:, a prince who was well known for his intelligence and knowledge, to open his own school at the prince's palace. Several prominent mandarins of the future imperial court such as 7237: 6566: 3352:, who was a famous physician in Vietnamese history, was called the "Father of the Southern Medicine" for creating the basis of Vietnamese traditional medicine with his works 3010:, one of the most powerful officials during the reign of Trần Minh Tông. Below is the complete list of examinations with the candidates who ranked first in each examination: 2533:. Farmers who had to sacrifice their land for the diking were compensated with the value of the land. The Emperor also appointed a separate official to control the system. 6894: 3467:

Lion figure. Terracotta, Trần-Hồ dynasty, 14th–15th century. Nghệ An province, central Vietnam. Architectural decoration. National Museum of Vietnamese History, Hanoi.

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to reduce Hồ Quý Ly's power, but Hồ Quý Ly pre-empted this plot by a defamation campaign against the Emperor which ultimately made Nghệ Tông decide to replace him by

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The boy Buddha rising up from lotus. Crimson and gilded wood, Trần-Hồ dynasty, 14th–15th century. Statue for worship. National Museum of Vietnamese History, Hanoi.

3296: 2764:) for a major three-day festival in Thăng Long. This dance has been handed down to the present and is still performed at local festivals in the northern region. 3532: 2343:, when the Emperor himself, along with many high-ranking mandarins and generals of the Trần dynasty, were killed by the Cham forces. The successor of Duệ Tông, 2452:. He defeated the Ming forces in 1408 but failed to retake Đông Quan (Hanoi). Due to internal purges, his offensive eventually failed and he had to retreat to 1694:, later established the Trần dynasty. From Trần Lý onwards, the Trần clan became related to the Lý clan by intermarriages with several members of the imperial 2347:, and the retired Emperor Nghệ Tông, were unable to drive back any invasion of Chế Bồng Nga in Đại Việt. As a result, Nghệ Tông even decided to hide money in 2010:

were finally able to defeat the fleet of general Sogetu. On the tenth day of the fifth lunar month of 1285, Trần Quang Khải fought the decisive battle in the

7217: 1559: 1942:. Đại Việt was attacked from two directions, with Toghan himself conducting an infantry invasion from the northern border while the Yuan navy under general 2026:

on the eighth day of the third lunar month, 1288. Besides Trần Quốc Tuấn, other notable generals of the Trần dynasty during this time were Prince Nhân Huệ

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The second option on the left tab allows for the lunar date to be entered on the top green row, and gives a conversion to Gregorian date, and vice versa.

2811:, an official in the imperial court from the reign of Trần Minh Tông to the reign of Trần Dụ Tông, who also served as imperial professor of Crown Prince 2541:

in 1396. It was the first time in the history of Vietnam that paper money was used in trading. The Emperor set up trading posts at the coastal town of

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and his son Trần Nguyên Tiết to plot the assassination of Nhật Lễ, but their conspiracy was discovered by the Emperor and they were killed afterwards.

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decided to personally command a military campaign against Champa. Eventually, the campaign was ended by a disastrous defeat of Đại Việt's army at the

1235: 4510: 2418:. Being Hồ Quý Ly's own grandson, Thiếu Đế was downgraded to Prince Bảo Ninh instead of being killed like his father. Hồ Quý Ly claimed descent from 2263:, the successor of Chế Mân, no longer wished to abide by the peace treaty with Đại Việt. After that event, Anh Tông himself, along with the generals 236: 92: 3518: 2049:, fled to the Tran dynasty after the Mongol invasion of the Song and helped the Tran fight against the Mongol invasion. Like the Tran dynasty, the 1907:

Trần Thái Tông submitted to the Mongols after the loss of a prince and the capital. In 1258, the Trần commenced regular diplomatic relations and a

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literature. To commemorate the victory of Đại Việt against the second Mongol invasion the grand chancellor Trần Quang Khải composed a poem, named

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for three months. After the marriage, Thuận Thiên was entitled the new empress of the Trần dynasty, while Chiêu Thánh was downgraded to princess.

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lunar month of 1226, then other members of the Lý imperial family were massacred by the order of Trần Thủ Độ in the eighth lunar month of 1232.

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was a collection of 499 manuscripts about local herbs and ten branches of treatment with 3932 prescriptions to cure 184 type of diseases while

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On the full moon of the third lunar month, 1398, under pressure from Hồ Quý Ly, Thuận Tông, had to cede the throne to his three-year-old son

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in 1209. Afterward, it was the Trần clan who helped emperor Lý Cao Tông and crown prince Lý Sảm to restore their power and return to capital

2649: 3528: 3521: 2693:, an official of Nhân Tông, who began to compose his literary works in the Vietnamese language, with the earliest recorded poem written in 1709:

sought refuge in the territory of the Trần clan, headed by Trần Lý. During this time, the crown prince decided to marry Trấn Lý's daughter

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to attack Đại Việt. Taking advantage of his neighbour's lack of political stability, Chế Bồng Nga commanded troops and directly assaulted

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Phoenix head. Terracotta, Trần-Hồ dynasty, 14th–15th century. Architectural decoration. National Museum of Vietnamese History, Hanoi.

3002: 2732:(Li Yuan Ki), a captured Chinese soldier who was granted a pardon for his talent in theatre. Lý Nguyên Cát imported many features of 2011: 1643:

for the first time in Vietnam. The period was considered a golden age in Vietnamese language, arts, and culture. The first pieces of

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with the Mongol court, treating them as equals to the embattled Southern Song dynasty without renouncing their ties to the Song.

1552: 2892:), which was composed of three candidates who ranked first, second, and third in the examination with the names respectively of 1938:

In the twelfth lunar month of 1284, the second Yuan invasion of Đại Việt was launched under the command of Kublai Khan's prince

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the national religion of the Trần dynasty, there were many works of Trần literature that expressed the spirit of Buddhism and

2473:), which was levied on each person according to the area of cultivated land owned. For example, a farmer who owned one or two 2229:. Anh Tông was very strict in suppressing gambling and corruption, but he also generously rewarded those who served him well. 2059:, head of an envoy mission to the Yuan court in 1314, referred to the Yuan dynasty as Hồ (胡), meaning barbarians, in his poem 544: 519: 2053:

cleric Xu Zongdao originated from Fujian. He recorded the Mongol invasion and referred to the Mongols as "Northern bandits".

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examination for new physicians and treating people during disease epidemics. In 1265 the institute distributed a pill named

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Besides members of the Trần clan, there were several mandarins and scholars who were well known for patriotic works such as

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region. Only one year into the marriage, Chế Mân died and, in line with the royal tradition of Champa, Huyền Trân was to be

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and Fujian would move in to engage in commerce. Ethnic Chinese are recorded in Tran and Ly dynasty records of officials.

1690:) and lived by fishing. His grandson Trần Lý (陳李; 1151–1210) became a wealthy landowner in the area. Trần Lý's grandson, 7179: 4387: 2831: 2797: 2597: 2299: 2285: 1833:, Thái Tông's elder brother, to give up his wife, Princess Thuận Thiên, for the Emperor when she had been pregnant with 1593: 1471: 1172: 455: 134: 4378: 2674:

Trần literature had a special role in the history of Vietnamese literature for its introduction and development of the

2659: 2344: 2206: 2093:(榮進集) that when he asked the Tran monarch about Annam's affairs, the Tran ruler said that the kingdom still adhered to 2003: 1999: 1919: 1673: 1601: 613: 429: 348: 335: 7007:

Whitmore, John K. (2022). "The Sông Cái (Red River) Delta, the Chinese Diaspora, and the Trần/Chen Clan of Ðại Việt".

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Hồ Quý Ly regulated the imperial examination by a prefectural examination (thi hương) and a metropolitan examination (

2383: 2369: 1982: 1864: 1858: 1717:. As a result, the emperor appointed several members of the Trần clan to key positions in the imperial court, such as 1652: 1609: 1545: 1511: 1496: 1491: 1476: 1162: 674: 636: 442: 193: 5375: 948: 1620:, who was forced to abdicate the throne in 1400, at the age of five years old in favor of his maternal grandfather, 6923: 6767: 4249: 4240: 2281: 2194: 1015: 811: 7207: 3772: 2521: 2351:, fearing that Chế Bồng Nga's troops might assault and destroy the imperial palace in Thăng Long. In 1389 general 1954: 1786: 623: 268: 6800: 4269: 3491:

Patterned brown glazed ceramic jar with lotus and chrysanthemum motifs from Nam Định Province (13th–14th century)

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Opusculum de sectis apud Sinenses et Tunkinenses: A small treatise on the sects among the Chinese and Tonkinese

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for numerous high-ranking positions in the imperial court. Two of the top candidates in this examination were

1900:, the younger brother of Thái Tông, even suggested to the Emperor that they might escape from Đại Việt to the 6984: 5137: 3252:. It was said that Đặng Lộ was appointed by Retired Emperor Minh Tông to the position of national inspector ( 2877: 2853:, in the second lunar month of 1232, for imperial students with the purpose of choosing the best scholars in 2027: 2022:

forward troops. This invasion was indeed ended one year later by a disastrous defeat of the Yuan navy at the

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was launched with the purpose of opening a southern front against the Song dynasty, whom they were fighting

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was declared emperor and led the Trần loyalists forces against the Chinese. His base was first centered in

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To celebrate the victory over the 1288 Mongol invasion, Trần Quang Khải and Trần Nhật Duật created the

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Carved wooden doors from the Phổ Minh Temple, Nam Định province, northern Vietnam (13th–14th century)

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The official school of the Trần dynasty, Quốc học viện, was established in June 1253 to teach the

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had to order the army to retreat to avoid the pressure from the Yuan force when Prince Chiêu Minh

1718: 1125: 653: 7024: 3558: 3221: 3089: 3036: 2945: 2858: 2445: 1830: 1801: 1770: 1757: 1726: 1691: 1152: 1143: 996: 879: 704: 683: 425: 412: 3167: 3119: 3074: 2959: 2796:

education began to spread across the country. The principal curricula during this time were the

2046: 1797: 911: 3149: 2824: 2542: 2403: 2379: 2314: 2241: 2090: 2083: 114: 7123: 7105: 7087: 7066: 7048: 6971: 6949: 6927: 6866: 6828: 6804: 6771: 6749: 6621: 6229: 6072: 6068: 5964: 5958: 5937: 5873: 5857: 5321: 5317: 4800: 4687: 4668: 4642: 4612: 4278: 3321: 3185: 3070: 3040: 2986: 2862: 1734: 1702: 1432: 1194: 831: 724: 399: 178: 4703: 4635:

Bulliet, Richard; Crossley, Pamela; Headrick, Daniel; Hirsch, Steven; Johnson, Lyman (2014).

3368:

provided people with many simple, easy-to-prepare medicines that produced effective results.

3245: 3137: 2738: 2375: 2365: 2245: 1621: 1412: 472: 384: 122: 7144: 7079: 7016: 6745: 6060: 4604: 3437: 3261: 2801: 2683: 2583:

Two important schools of literature during the reign of the Trần dynasty were patriotic and

2530: 1943: 1501: 1245: 1183: 861: 841: 7162:

https://ecommons.cornell.edu/bitstream/handle/1813/13117/Wolters_TranVietnam.pdf?sequence=1

6942:

Essays on Literature and Society in Southeast Asia: Political and Sociological Perspectives

3349: 3269:, a superior of Đặng Lộ in the imperial court, was also an expert in calendar calculation. 2690: 2477:, equal to 3,600 to 7,200 square metres (39,000 to 78,000 sq ft), had to pay one 2348: 1687: 1095: 6824: 6599: 6597: 6595: 6171: 6169: 6167: 3385: 2419: 2249: 2039: 1908: 1744:, who had been mentally ill for a long time, ultimately decided to pass the throne of the 490: 138: 7189: 6535: 3311:"Nam dược thần hiệu", the record book of Vietnamese traditional medicine in 14th century. 2415: 1845: 1065: 1025: 537: 4797:

Mountain river: Vietnamese poetry from the wars, 1948–1993 : a bilingual collection

4543: 4536: 3328:), Trần physicians also began to cultivate and gather various regional medicinal herbs ( 2694: 2679: 2644:, notably the works of the Emperor Trần Nhân Tông and other masters of Trúc Lâm School. 2260: 2237: 2045:

Professor Liam Kelley noted that people from Song dynasty China, such as Zhao Zhong and

1644: 1589: 1581: 118: 3320:

to the poor, which they considered able to cure many diseases. Besides the traditional

2789: 2150: 2086: 1535: 1516: 1295: 1005: 4598: 2566:

Lĩnh Nam chích quái,14th-century Vietnamese historical work written in Han scripts by

1805: 1706: 901: 7201: 7172: 7136: 7028: 6061: 5310: 2808: 2777: 2733: 2698: 2198: 2158: 1745: 1695: 1605: 1267: 1221: 1085: 1045: 524: 5805: 1914: 1678:

The ancestor of the Trần clan, Trần Kinh, (陳京) migrated from the modern province of

1632: 6899:(in Vietnamese) (Nội các quan bản ed.), Hanoi: Social Science Publishing House 3292: 2793: 2423: 2201:. Despite the deaths of the two most important generals of the early Trần dynasty, 2094: 2018: 1981:

was offered as a present and diversion for Prince Toghan, while Marquis Bảo Nghĩa (

1977:). To ensure the safety of Thánh Tông and Nhân Tông during their retreat, Princess 1901: 1880: 1749: 1392: 1382: 215: 155: 149: 143: 31: 5933:

The Elephant and the Lotus: Vietnamese Ceramics in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston

2979: 2975: 2453: 2395: 2388: 1966: 174: 6917: 6818: 6794: 4608: 1737:. By that time the Trần clan's position began to rise within the imperial court. 1647:

literature were written during this period, while the introduction of vernacular

7084:

The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia, Volume one: From Early Times to C. 1800

4716: 2538: 2185:

There was a relatively long period of prosperity and peace during the reigns of

2098: 1925: 1813: 1729:, who were all Trần Lý's sons. In 1211 the crown prince Lý Sảm was enthroned as 1701:

During the troubled time of many regional rebellions under the reign of emperor

1640: 714: 4832: 3287:

for the order of Hồ Quý Ly to change from copper coins to paper money in 1396.

2197:. Anh Tông was the first Trần emperor to reign without facing attacks from the 694: 7020: 6669:(in Vietnamese). Haiduong Department of Science and Technology. Archived from 2839: 2815:. During the reign of Trần Thánh Tông, the emperor also permitted his brother 2772: 1931: 1682:

to Đại Việt during the early 12th century. He settled in Tức Mặc village (now

797: 745: 735: 6820:

Secondary Cities and Urban Networking in the Indian Ocean Realm, C. 1400–1800

4900: 2605:), written by general Trần Quốc Tuấn, which was the most popular work of the 54: 41: 6945: 6862: 3278: 3240: 2546: 2512:

The shipbuilding industry expanded where large 100-oar junks were produced.

1628: 756: 17: 3006:, Mạc Đĩnh Chi, renowned envoy of the Trần dynasty to the Yuan dynasty, or 5379: 2089:(b. 1334-d. 1384) was sent as Ming ambassador to Vietnam. Wu wrote in the 5408:"Bài thơ: Đáp bắc nhân vấn an Nam phong tục – 答北人問安南風俗 (Hồ Quý Ly – 胡季釐)" 2785: 2715: 2668: 2584: 2427: 1978: 801: 229: 207: 6742:

Historical perspectives on East Asian science, technology, and medicine

6724: 6603: 6175: 5960:

History Without Borders: The Making of an Asian World Region, 1000–1800

4743: 4741: 4728: 4726: 2612: 2387:

eventually obliged Thuận Tông to change the capital from Thăng Long to

2294:

in 1357, the Trần dynasty began to fall into chaos during the reign of

1876: 1372: 1323: 594: 562: 7148: 6063:

Cult, culture, and authority: Princess Liễu Hạnh in Vietnamese history

4550: 4547: 2930: 2927: 2915: 2912: 2900: 2897: 5585: 5394:"Bài thơ: Bắc sứ túc Khâu Ôn dịch – 北使宿丘溫驛 (Nguyễn Trung Ngạn – 阮忠彥)" 5123: 5020: 4948: 2845:

Seven years after the establishment of the Trần dynasty, the Emperor

2742:

in Vietnam. However this is nowadays a challenged hypothesis because

2321: 2233: 2050: 1947: 1884: 1679: 1636: 1362: 1342: 211: 6618:

Oriental medicine: an illustrated guide to the Asian arts of healing

3388:

of Vĩnh Khánh Temple, Trần dynasty, Tam Sơn town, Lô river commune,

1596:

that ruled from 1225 to 1400. The dynasty was founded when emperor

3306: 2867: 2771: 2611: 2561: 2526: 2513: 2490: 2329: 1913: 1714: 1332: 649: 566: 5680: 5678: 6740:

Alan Kam-leung Chan; Clancey, Gregory K.; Hui-Chieh Loy (2001),

6667:"Y học cổ truyền của tỉnh Hải Dương trong hiện tại và tương lai" 4775: 4773: 4771: 4600:

Ming China and Vietnam: Negotiating Borders in Early Modern Asia

2444:

After the Ming dynasty conquered the Hồ dynasty in 1407, Prince

2302:

despite the fact that his appointee was not from the Trần clan.

570: 6006: 6004: 5083: 5081: 5079: 5077: 5075: 2955:

who later became a imperial historian of the Trần dynasty, and

2313:

In the tenth lunar month of 1370, the Emperor's father-in-law,

1965:

commanded his troops to stop Sogetu's fleet in the province of

7009:

Crossroads: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Asian Interactions

6398: 6396: 6383: 6381: 6356: 6354: 6341: 6339: 6337: 6324: 6322: 3517: 2962:. In the 1256 examination, the Trần dynasty divided the title 2641: 5901: 5899: 5897: 5825: 5823: 5354:"Giặc Bắc đến xâm lược!: Translations and Exclamation Points" 5050: 5048: 5046: 4920: 4918: 4916: 4851: 4849: 2030:, who destroyed the logistics convoy of the Yuan navy at the 6908:(in Vietnamese), Japan: Association of Vietnameses in Japan 5312:

Khubilai Khan's Lost Fleet: In Search of a Legendary Armada

2252:. Facing this urgent condition, Anh Tông sent his mandarin 1946:

advanced from the southern border through the territory of

1816:), Trần Thủ Độ was able to put down these revolts in 1229. 7120:

Vietnamese supernaturalism: views from the southern region

6415: 6413: 6411: 3503:

Bronze ceremonial helmet from the Tran dynasty in Dai-Viet

2780:

who was the imperial professor of Tran dynasty in Dai-Viet

1849:

wanted to behead Trần Liễu, but was stopped by Thái Tông.

97:

The expansion of Đại Việt. Trần dynasty from 1301 to 1337.

6793:

Dutton, George; Werner, Jayne; Whitmore, John K. (2012),

2807:

The most famous teacher of the Trần dynasty was probably

5884: 5882: 5545: 5543: 5470: 5468: 5419: 5417: 5207: 5205: 5033: 5031: 5029: 4758: 4756: 2493:. Taxpayers were divided into three categories: minors ( 2209:

in 1300, the Emperor was still served by many efficient

1875:. The Mongols had already conquered parts of modern-day 2259:

Finally Huyền Trân was able to return to Đại Việt, but

2146:"The Mahasattva of Truc Lam comes out of the mountains" 1973:), and Trần Kiện, who was the son of Prince Tĩnh Quốc ( 7045:

China and Southeast Asia: Tribute, Trade and Influence

6228:. Olga Dror (trans.). SEAP Publications. p. 128. 2667:. These two collections held great value not only for 6725:

Alan Kam-leung Chan, Clancey & Hui-Chieh Loy 2001

6604:

Alan Kam-leung Chan, Clancey & Hui-Chieh Loy 2001

6176:

Trương Hữu Quýnh, Đinh Xuân Lâm & Lê Mậu Hãn 2008

5806:"Chuyển đổi ngày âm dương – Lunar calendar converter" 2256:

to Champa to save Huyền Trân from an imminent death.

1887:

in order to besiege the Southern Song from the west.

6998:

Trương Hữu Quýnh; Đinh Xuân Lâm; Lê Mậu Hãn (2008),

6993:(in Vietnamese), Saigon: Center for School Materials 6586: 4747: 4732: 4699: 2320:

After the death of Hôn Đức Công, his mother fled to

1929:

cups", and direct oversight from a Mongol-appointed

3277:Near the end of the Trần dynasty the technology of 2884:The most prestigious title of this examination was 2671:culture but also for the early history of Vietnam. 659: 645: 629: 619: 609: 601: 585: 580: 558: 486: 465: 452: 439: 422: 409: 395: 378: 366: 354: 342: 329: 315: 298: 286: 274: 262: 249: 235: 225: 203: 189: 162: 130: 71: 7002:(in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Education Publishing House 6885:(in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Education Publishing House 6852:(in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Education Publishing House 5309: 4795:Kevin Bowen; Ba Chung Nguyen; Bruce Weigl (1998). 1892:forces and were able to deter the Mongol attacks. 113:in 1306 after the marriage of Vietnamese princess 4829:"A Complete Collection of Trần Nhân Tông's Works" 4660: 4658: 2422:(Trần Hồ công, 陳胡公), whose Hồ clan originated in 6620:. Serindia Publications, Inc. pp. 210–214. 6538:(in Vietnamese). Baobinhduong.org.vn. 2006-02-28 4530: 3512: 2876:of Tran dynasty who was the ancestor of emperor 1740:After a period of political crisis, the Emperor 76: 6134: 6091: 6046: 6034: 6022: 5983: 5378:. University of Hawaii at Manoa. Archived from 5358:Le Minh Khai's SEAsian History Blog (and More!) 4679: 4677: 2335:In the twelfth lunar month of 1376 the Emperor 6962:Tuyet Nhung Tran; Reid, Anthony J. S. (2006), 6879:National Bureau for Historical Record (1998), 6764:A history of Vietnam: from Hong Bang to Tu Duc 6158: 6146: 6010: 5917: 5621: 5534: 5498: 5435: 5340: 5283: 5223: 5099: 5087: 4799:. Univ of Massachusetts Press. pp. xxiv. 4779: 2616:(Đại Việt sử lược) History of Vietnam record . 1616:in 1288. The final emperor of the dynasty was 6859:The Garland handbook of Southeast Asian music 5963:. Hong Kong University Press. pp. 112–. 4822: 4820: 4818: 4816: 2609:(appeal, call) form in Vietnamese literature. 1553: 8: 6652: 3256:) but he was noted for his invention called 2076:"Hồ" and Viet are brothers with same customs 1804:rose in revolt in the mountainous region of 6689: 6687: 6640: 6522: 6479: 6467: 6455: 6443: 6431: 6402: 6387: 6372: 6360: 6345: 6328: 6248: 6224:Adriano (di St. Thecla), Olga Dror (2002). 6211: 6199: 6187: 5995: 5905: 5829: 5792: 5780: 5768: 5756: 5744: 5720: 5708: 5684: 5669: 5645: 5633: 5609: 5573: 5561: 5522: 5486: 5459: 5447: 5316:. University of California Press. pp. 5271: 5259: 5247: 5235: 5196: 5184: 5172: 5160: 5111: 5066: 5054: 5008: 4984: 4972: 4960: 4936: 4924: 4855: 4638:The Earth and Its Peoples: A Global History 4592: 2970:for candidates from northern provinces and 7238:States and territories established in 1225 7166: 6823:, Comparative Urban Studies, vol. 1, 5586:National Bureau for Historical Record 1998 5124:National Bureau for Historical Record 1998 5021:National Bureau for Historical Record 1998 4949:National Bureau for Historical Record 1998 4590: 4588: 4586: 4584: 4582: 4580: 4578: 4576: 4574: 4572: 3012: 2525:subordinates to construct a new system of 2126:Music and Rites are similar to Han's court 1651:into the court was established, alongside 1560: 1546: 668: 103: 91: 68: 6857:Miller, Terry E.; Williams, Sean (2008), 4630: 4628: 4603:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2768:Education and imperial examination system 1721:, who was an uncle of Trần Thị Dung, and 6419: 3515: 2481:per year, while another with up to four 2070:The land is divided into North and South 6290: 6288: 6067:. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 5888: 5841: 5732: 5696: 5657: 5597: 5549: 5510: 5474: 5295: 5211: 5037: 4996: 4762: 4568: 4522: 3375: 2974:for those from two southern provinces: 2290:After the death of the retired Emperor 1985:) was captured and later killed in the 1600:ascended to the throne after his uncle 682: 671: 27:Imperial Vietnamese dynasty (1225–1400) 6882:Khâm định Việt sử Thông giám cương mục 5853: 5423: 4867: 4664: 3348:The monk Phạm Công Bân, also known as 2017:In the third lunar month of 1287, the 1825:, Thái Tông and his wife, the Empress 577: 7141:Monologue, Dialogue, and Tran Vietnam 6616:Jan Van Alphen; Anthony Aris (1995). 4790: 4788: 4496: 4494: 4492: 4490: 4488: 4486: 4484: 4482: 4480: 4478: 4476: 4474: 4472: 4470: 4468: 4466: 4464: 4462: 4460: 4458: 4456: 4451: 4445: 4443: 4441: 4439: 4437: 4435: 4433: 4431: 4429: 4427: 4425: 4423: 4421: 4419: 4417: 4415: 4413: 4411: 4409: 4407: 4405: 4403: 4401: 4395: 4386: 4384: 4382: 4377: 4375: 4373: 4371: 4369: 4367: 4365: 4363: 4361: 4359: 4357: 4355: 4353: 4351: 4346: 4340: 4338: 4332: 4330: 4328: 4326: 4320: 4318: 4316: 4314: 4312: 4310: 4308: 4306: 4304: 4302: 4300: 4298: 4296: 4294: 4292: 4286: 4277: 4275: 4273: 4268: 4266: 4264: 4259: 4257: 4255: 4253: 4248: 4246: 4244: 4239: 4181: 4179: 4127: 4121: 4119: 4117: 4115: 4113: 4111: 4109: 4107: 4105: 4103: 4101: 4099: 4097: 4092: 4090: 4088: 4086: 4084: 4082: 4080: 4078: 4076: 4070: 4068: 4066: 4064: 4062: 4060: 4058: 4056: 4054: 4052: 4050: 4048: 4046: 4044: 4042: 4036: 4034: 4032: 4030: 4028: 4026: 4024: 4022: 4020: 4014: 4012: 4010: 4008: 4006: 4004: 4002: 4000: 3998: 3996: 3994: 3992: 3990: 3985: 3983: 3981: 3979: 3977: 3975: 3973: 3971: 3969: 3963: 3961: 3959: 3957: 3955: 3953: 3951: 3949: 3947: 3945: 3943: 3941: 3939: 3937: 3935: 3929: 3927: 3925: 3923: 3921: 3919: 3917: 3915: 3913: 3907: 3905: 3903: 3901: 3899: 3897: 3895: 3893: 3891: 3889: 3887: 3885: 3883: 3878: 3876: 3874: 3872: 3870: 3868: 3866: 3864: 3862: 3856: 3854: 3852: 3850: 3848: 3846: 3844: 3842: 3840: 3838: 3836: 3834: 3832: 3830: 3828: 3822: 3820: 3818: 3816: 3814: 3812: 3810: 3808: 3806: 3800: 3798: 3796: 3794: 3792: 3790: 3788: 3786: 3784: 3782: 3780: 3778: 3776: 3771: 3769: 3767: 3765: 3763: 3761: 3759: 3757: 3755: 3749: 3747: 3745: 3743: 3741: 3739: 3737: 3735: 3733: 3731: 3729: 3727: 3725: 3723: 3721: 3715: 3713: 3711: 3709: 3707: 3705: 3703: 3701: 3699: 3693: 3691: 3689: 3687: 3685: 3683: 3681: 3679: 3677: 3675: 3673: 3671: 3669: 3664: 3662: 3660: 3658: 3656: 3654: 3652: 3650: 3648: 3642: 3640: 3638: 3636: 3634: 3632: 3630: 3628: 3626: 3624: 3622: 3620: 3618: 3616: 3614: 3608: 3606: 3604: 3602: 3600: 3598: 3596: 3594: 3592: 3586: 3584: 3582: 3580: 3578: 3576: 3574: 3572: 3570: 3568: 3566: 3564: 3562: 3557: 3555: 3553: 3551: 3549: 3547: 3545: 3543: 3541: 2707:Collection of national language poems 2042:in order to avoid further conflicts. 464: 451: 438: 421: 408: 404: 377: 365: 353: 341: 328: 324: 314: 297: 285: 273: 261: 248: 244: 234: 7: 5869: 4683: 4511:List of emperors of the Trần dynasty 2374:During the reign of Trần Nghệ Tông, 1282:Provisional Revolutionary Government 893: 637:Emperor of Đại Việt / King of Annam 123:O (Cham: Vuyar) and Ly (Cham: Ulik) 7218:Former countries in Chinese history 6788:(in Vietnamese), Trung-Tâm-Học-Liệu 6700:Từ điển Bách khoa toàn thư Việt Nam 6562:Từ điển Bách khoa toàn thư Việt Nam 6498:Từ điển Bách khoa toàn thư Việt Nam 6301:Từ điển Bách khoa toàn thư Việt Nam 6267:Từ điển Bách khoa toàn thư Việt Nam 6110:Từ điển Bách khoa toàn thư Việt Nam 4831:. Thuvienhoasen.org. Archived from 1612:, most notably during the decisive 7104:, University of California Press, 4881:"Ham sắc, Tô Trung Từ tự hại mình" 4700:Dutton, Werner & Whitmore 2012 3343:Diseases by the Imperial Physician 1608:. The Trần dynasty defeated three 1604:orchestrated the overthrow of the 25: 3244:though a notable scientist named 3239:There is evidence for the use of 6587:Tuyet Nhung Tran & Reid 2006 4748:Tuyet Nhung Tran & Reid 2006 4733:Tuyet Nhung Tran & Reid 2006 3496: 3484: 3472: 3460: 3448: 3436: 3424: 3412: 3397: 3378: 2948:, who was only 12 at that time, 2133: 1998:, where the troops commanded by 1529: 1226:(Democratic Republic of Vietnam) 693: 542: 517: 7063:Southeast Asia in World History 6796:Sources of Vietnamese Tradition 6703:(in Vietnamese). Archived from 6665:Nguyễn Xuân Việt (2008-12-26). 6565:(in Vietnamese). Archived from 6501:(in Vietnamese). Archived from 6304:(in Vietnamese). Archived from 6270:(in Vietnamese). Archived from 6113:(in Vietnamese). Archived from 3248:was mentioned several times in 2545:, where Chinese merchants from 2501:, from 20 to 60), and seniors ( 125:was ceded to Đại Việt as dowry. 7228:1400 disestablishments in Asia 7143:, Cornell University Library, 7086:, Cambridge University Press, 6817:Hall, Kenneth R., ed. (2008), 3419:Wooden gate of Phổ Minh Temple 1236:Provisional Central Government 30:For the dynasty of China, see 1: 7243:Tributaries of Imperial China 7100:Taylor, Keith Weller (1991), 6968:University of Wisconsin Press 6964:Việt Nam Borderless Histories 2827:were trained at this school. 2167:Peace and southward expansion 2161:from his hermitage in Vũ Lâm. 2114:Annam customs are traditional 2108:Asking about Annam situation? 1705:, the imperial crown prince, 6536:"Đặng Lộ: Nhà thiên văn học" 4609:10.1017/cbo9781316440551.004 2832:Four Books and Five Classics 2798:Four Books and Five Classics 2272:Champa invasions and decline 2120:Clothing are Tang's standard 1635:to defeat and vassalize the 1353:Cát Tiên archaeological site 7065:, Oxford University Press, 7043:Stuart-Fox, Martin (2003), 6919:A History of the Vietnamese 4597:Baldanza, Kathlene (2016). 2842:and other famous generals. 2624:, an eminent author of the 1994:lunar month of 1285 at the 1859:Mongol invasions of Vietnam 1286:(Republic of South Vietnam) 443:Mongol invasions of Vietnam 7259: 7000:Đại cương lịch sử Việt Nam 6924:Cambridge University Press 6768:Greenwood Publishing Group 6159:Miller & Williams 2008 6147:Miller & Williams 2008 5957:Gunn, Geoffrey C. (2011). 5308:Delgado, James P. (2009). 4780:Miller & Williams 2008 2776:Statue of noble professor 2497:, from 18 to 20), adults ( 2437: 2430:, China) around the 940s. 2363: 2275: 2170: 1856: 1780: 1667: 1639:. They also started using 1627:The Trần improved Chinese 1016:Anarchy of the 12 Warlords 454:• Coup overthrown of 29: 7233:Former monarchies of Asia 7186: 7177: 7169: 7021:10.1163/26662523-12340011 6801:Columbia University Press 4399: 4397: 4336: 4334: 4324: 4322: 4290: 4288: 4233: 4231: 4229: 4227: 4221: 4219: 4217: 4215: 4209: 4207: 4205: 4203: 4201: 4195: 4193: 4191: 4189: 4177: 4173: 4171: 4169: 4167: 4165: 4163: 4161: 4159: 4157: 4155: 4153: 4151: 4145: 4143: 4141: 4139: 4137: 4135: 4133: 4040: 4038: 3933: 3931: 3826: 3824: 3719: 3717: 3612: 3610: 3133: 3130: 3103: 3100: 2941:of the Trần dynasty were 2920:eyes positioned alongside 2709:) or Hồ Quý Ly who wrote 2250:cremated with her husband 1873:for more than two decades 1769:the twelfth lunar month ( 1614:Battle of Bạch Đằng River 496: 482: 405: 391: 325: 311: 245: 102: 90: 85: 77: 6940:Tham Seong Chee (1981), 6850:Các trạng nguyên nước ta 6784:Dương Quảng Hàm (1968), 5930:Philippe Truong (2007). 3366:Hồng nghĩa giác tư y thư 3354:Hồng nghĩa giác tư y thư 2872:Statue of noble scholar 1918:Statue of noble admiral 949:Trung sisters' rebellion 220:Vietnamese folk religion 135:Internal imperial system 7061:Lockard, Craig (2009), 6896:Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư 6762:Chapuis, Oscar (1995), 5936:. MFA Pub. p. 18. 3250:Đại Việt sử kí toàn thư 2577:Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư 2148:depicts the arrival of 2061:Bắc sứ túc Khâu Ôn dịch 1822:Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư 1443:Principality of Hà Tiên 491:Copper-alloy cash coins 6966:, Madison, Wisconsin: 4901:"Nhà Trần khởi nghiệp" 4531: 3312: 3260:, which was a type of 3235:Science and technology 2881: 2834:to imperial students ( 2781: 2678:(Quốc ngữ) written in 2617: 2571: 2129: 2080: 2002:, Prince Chiêu Thành, 1922: 1909:tributary relationship 1324:Non-Vietnamese history 1076:4th Chinese domination 979:3rd Chinese domination 959:2nd Chinese domination 939:1st Chinese domination 448:1258, 1285 and 1287–88 55:21.03750°N 105.83861°E 7047:, Allen & Unwin, 6904:Phạm Văn Sơn (1983), 3310: 2987:Confucianist classics 2966:into two categories, 2905:exemplar of the state 2890:three first laureates 2871: 2792:of the Trần dynasty, 2775: 2632:with his famous poem 2615: 2593:Return to the capital 2565: 2232:In 1306, the king of 2213:like Trần Nhật Duật, 2103: 2065: 1917: 1773:: December 31) 1225. 1664:Origin and foundation 1272:(Republic of Vietnam) 1189:1887–1945 / 1945–1954 1177:1883–1945 / 1946–1948 1167:1883–1945 / 1945–1948 1157:1862–1945 / 1945–1949 411:• Coronation of 190:Common languages 7213:Vietnamese dynasties 7102:The Birth of Vietnam 6135:Dương Quảng Hàm 1968 6092:Dương Quảng Hàm 1968 6047:Tham Seong Chee 1981 6035:Tham Seong Chee 1981 6023:Tham Seong Chee 1981 5984:Dương Quảng Hàm 1968 4641:. Cengage Learning. 3297:invasion of Đại Việt 3000:historical accounts 2851:imperial examination 2701:with the collection 2650:Việt Điện U Linh Tập 2520:During the reign of 1257:North–South division 1106:Later Lê Restoration 812:Phùng Nguyên culture 471:ceded the throne to 119:Jaya Simhavarman III 6727:, pp. 265–266. 6251:, pp. 168–169. 6161:, pp. 278–279. 6059:Dror, Olga (1997). 6049:, pp. 312–313. 6025:, pp. 304–305. 6011:Trần Trọng Kim 1971 5986:, pp. 232–238. 5918:Trần Trọng Kim 1971 5795:, pp. 294–295. 5759:, pp. 288–291. 5747:, pp. 287–288. 5723:, pp. 278–279. 5687:, pp. 282–283. 5636:, pp. 269–270. 5622:Trần Trọng Kim 1971 5576:, pp. 262–263. 5535:Trần Trọng Kim 1971 5525:, pp. 258–259. 5499:Trần Trọng Kim 1971 5436:Trần Trọng Kim 1971 5341:Trần Trọng Kim 1971 5284:Trần Trọng Kim 1971 5262:, pp. 196–198. 5238:, pp. 192–195. 5224:Trần Trọng Kim 1971 5175:, pp. 189–190. 5163:, pp. 172–173. 5142:factsanddetails.com 5126:, pp. 195–196. 5114:, pp. 164–166. 5100:Trần Trọng Kim 1971 5088:Trần Trọng Kim 1971 5069:, pp. 161–162. 4987:, pp. 157–158. 4835:on December 2, 2008 2788:was considered the 2676:Vietnamese language 2660:Lĩnh Nam chích quái 2464:Economy and society 2157:in the outskirt of 2024:Battle of Bạch Đằng 1863:In 1257, the first 1733:after the death of 1631:, enabling them to 1482:Historical capitals 1403:Nung-Zhuang kingdom 750:12,000 BC–10,000 BC 729:20,000 BC–12,000 BC 60:21.03750; 105.83861 51: / 7180:Dynasty of Vietnam 3390:Vĩnh Phúc province 3362:Nam dược thần hiệu 3358:Nam dược thần hiệu 3313: 2882: 2849:ordered the first 2782: 2711:Quốc ngữ thi nghĩa 2636:. As Buddhism was 2618: 2589:Tụng giá hoàn kinh 2572: 2450:Ninh Bình Province 2440:Later Trần dynasty 1923: 1594:Vietnamese dynasty 1584:: 茹陳), officially 1536:Vietnam portal 1153:French Cochinchina 771:10,000 BC–8,000 BC 121:. The province of 7196: 7195: 7187:Succeeded by 7118:Thiện Đỗ (2003), 7080:Tarling, Nicholas 7072:978-0-19-516075-8 6977:978-0-299-21770-9 6933:978-0-521-87586-8 6872:978-0-415-96075-5 6848:Mai Hồng (1989), 6834:978-0-7391-2835-0 6810:978-0-231-51110-0 6653:Phạm Văn Sơn 1983 5970:978-988-8083-34-3 5943:978-0-87846-717-4 5600:, pp. 89–90. 5327:978-0-520-25976-8 4750:, pp. 75–77. 4735:, pp. 89–90. 4719:. Britannica.com. 4618:978-1-316-44055-1 4502: 4501: 3537: 3536: 3232: 3231: 3155:Trại trạng nguyên 3143:Kinh trạng nguyên 3125:Trại trạng nguyên 3113:Kinh trạng nguyên 3056:Nguyễn Quan Quang 3008:Nguyễn Trung Ngạn 2972:trại trạng nguyên 2968:kinh trạng nguyên 2790:national religion 2628:form, or general 2456:. A new emperor, 2391:in January 1397. 2227:Nguyễn Trung Ngạn 2151:Thái thượng hoàng 2057:Nguyễn Trung Ngạn 2032:Battle of Vân Đồn 1570: 1569: 1451: 1450: 1433:Sip Song Chau Tai 1314: 1313: 1287: 1273: 1227: 1203: 1202: 1195:Empire of Vietnam 1134: 1133: 987: 986: 920: 919: 889:Hồng Bàng dynasty 870: 869: 856:(1,000 BC–200 AD) 846:(1,000 BC–100 AD) 826:1,500 BC–1,000 BC 816:2,000 BC–1,500 BC 791:4,000 BC–3,000 BC 781:8,000 BC–6,000 BC 777:Quỳnh Văn culture 667: 666: 576: 575: 554: 553: 550: 549: 530: 529: 424:• Regent of 400:Postclassical Era 300:• 1398–1400 288:• 1293–1314 276:• 1278–1293 264:• 1258–1278 251:• 1226–1258 185: 172: 109:The territory of 16:(Redirected from 7250: 7170:Preceded by 7167: 7151: 7132: 7114: 7096: 7075: 7057: 7032: 7003: 6994: 6990:Việt Nam sử lược 6980: 6958: 6936: 6909: 6906:Việt sử toàn thư 6900: 6886: 6875: 6853: 6844: 6843: 6841: 6813: 6789: 6786:Việt-Nam văn-học 6780: 6758: 6746:World Scientific 6728: 6722: 6716: 6715: 6713: 6712: 6691: 6682: 6681: 6679: 6678: 6662: 6656: 6650: 6644: 6641:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 6638: 6632: 6631: 6613: 6607: 6601: 6590: 6584: 6578: 6577: 6575: 6574: 6553: 6547: 6546: 6544: 6543: 6532: 6526: 6523:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 6520: 6514: 6513: 6511: 6510: 6489: 6483: 6480:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 6477: 6471: 6468:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 6465: 6459: 6456:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 6453: 6447: 6444:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 6441: 6435: 6432:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 6429: 6423: 6417: 6406: 6403:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 6400: 6391: 6388:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 6385: 6376: 6373:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 6370: 6364: 6361:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 6358: 6349: 6346:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 6343: 6332: 6329:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 6326: 6317: 6316: 6314: 6313: 6292: 6283: 6282: 6280: 6279: 6258: 6252: 6249:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 6246: 6240: 6239: 6221: 6215: 6212:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 6209: 6203: 6200:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 6197: 6191: 6188:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 6185: 6179: 6173: 6162: 6156: 6150: 6144: 6138: 6132: 6126: 6125: 6123: 6122: 6101: 6095: 6089: 6083: 6082: 6066: 6056: 6050: 6044: 6038: 6032: 6026: 6020: 6014: 6008: 5999: 5996:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5993: 5987: 5981: 5975: 5974: 5954: 5948: 5947: 5927: 5921: 5915: 5909: 5906:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5903: 5892: 5886: 5877: 5867: 5861: 5851: 5845: 5839: 5833: 5830:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5827: 5818: 5816: 5814: 5812: 5802: 5796: 5793:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5790: 5784: 5781:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5778: 5772: 5769:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5766: 5760: 5757:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5754: 5748: 5745:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5742: 5736: 5730: 5724: 5721:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5718: 5712: 5709:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5706: 5700: 5694: 5688: 5685:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5682: 5673: 5670:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5667: 5661: 5655: 5649: 5646:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5643: 5637: 5634:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5631: 5625: 5619: 5613: 5610:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5607: 5601: 5595: 5589: 5583: 5577: 5574:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5571: 5565: 5562:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5559: 5553: 5547: 5538: 5532: 5526: 5523:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5520: 5514: 5508: 5502: 5496: 5490: 5487:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5484: 5478: 5472: 5463: 5460:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5457: 5451: 5448:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5445: 5439: 5433: 5427: 5421: 5412: 5411: 5404: 5398: 5397: 5390: 5384: 5383: 5372: 5370: 5369: 5360:. Archived from 5350: 5344: 5338: 5332: 5331: 5315: 5305: 5299: 5293: 5287: 5281: 5275: 5272:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5269: 5263: 5260:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5257: 5251: 5248:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5245: 5239: 5236:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5233: 5227: 5221: 5215: 5209: 5200: 5197:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5194: 5188: 5185:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5182: 5176: 5173:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5170: 5164: 5161:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5158: 5152: 5151: 5149: 5148: 5133: 5127: 5121: 5115: 5112:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5109: 5103: 5097: 5091: 5085: 5070: 5067:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5064: 5058: 5055:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5052: 5041: 5035: 5024: 5018: 5012: 5009:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 5006: 5000: 4994: 4988: 4985:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 4982: 4976: 4973:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 4970: 4964: 4961:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 4958: 4952: 4946: 4940: 4937:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 4934: 4928: 4925:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 4922: 4911: 4910: 4908: 4907: 4897: 4891: 4890: 4888: 4887: 4877: 4871: 4865: 4859: 4856:Ngô Sĩ Liên 1993 4853: 4844: 4843: 4841: 4840: 4824: 4811: 4810: 4792: 4783: 4777: 4766: 4760: 4751: 4745: 4736: 4730: 4721: 4720: 4713: 4707: 4697: 4691: 4681: 4672: 4662: 4653: 4652: 4632: 4623: 4622: 4594: 4557: 4534: 4527: 3539: 3538: 3513: 3500: 3488: 3476: 3464: 3452: 3443:Terracotta Tower 3440: 3428: 3416: 3401: 3382: 3339:Thái y dịch bệnh 3262:armillary sphere 3013: 2935:selective talent 2802:Northern history 2762:dance of flowers 2703:Quốc ngữ thi tập 2603:Call of Soldiers 2412:Lương Nguyên Bưu 2341:Battle of Đồ Bàn 2324:and begged King 2308:Trần Nguyên Trác 2217:, Phạm Ngũ Lão, 2137: 2040:tributary states 1996:Battle of Hàm Tử 1987:Battle of Đà Mạc 1853:Mongol invasions 1653:Literary Chinese 1633:expand southward 1610:Mongol invasions 1562: 1555: 1548: 1534: 1533: 1532: 1329: 1328: 1285: 1271: 1246:State of Vietnam 1225: 1218: 1217: 1184:French Indochina 1149: 1148: 1086:Later Lê dynasty 1046:Later Lý dynasty 1036:Early Lê dynasty 1002: 1001: 969:Early Lý dynasty 935: 934: 895: 885: 884: 852:Sa Huỳnh culture 842:Dong Son culture 822:Đồng Đậu culture 710: 709: 697: 687: 669: 578: 546: 545: 534: 533: 521: 520: 514: 513: 498: 497: 194:Literary Chinese 183: 169: 107: 95: 80: 79: 69: 66: 65: 63: 62: 61: 56: 52: 49: 48: 47: 44: 21: 7258: 7257: 7253: 7252: 7251: 7249: 7248: 7247: 7223:Hokkien royalty 7198: 7197: 7192: 7183: 7175: 7158: 7135: 7130: 7117: 7112: 7099: 7094: 7078: 7073: 7060: 7055: 7042: 7039: 7037:Further reading 7006: 6997: 6983: 6978: 6961: 6956: 6939: 6934: 6912: 6903: 6889: 6878: 6873: 6856: 6847: 6839: 6837: 6835: 6825:Lexington Books 6816: 6811: 6792: 6783: 6778: 6761: 6756: 6739: 6736: 6731: 6723: 6719: 6710: 6708: 6693: 6692: 6685: 6676: 6674: 6664: 6663: 6659: 6651: 6647: 6639: 6635: 6628: 6615: 6614: 6610: 6602: 6593: 6585: 6581: 6572: 6570: 6555: 6554: 6550: 6541: 6539: 6534: 6533: 6529: 6521: 6517: 6508: 6506: 6491: 6490: 6486: 6478: 6474: 6466: 6462: 6454: 6450: 6442: 6438: 6430: 6426: 6418: 6409: 6401: 6394: 6386: 6379: 6371: 6367: 6359: 6352: 6344: 6335: 6327: 6320: 6311: 6309: 6294: 6293: 6286: 6277: 6275: 6260: 6259: 6255: 6247: 6243: 6236: 6223: 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5171: 5167: 5159: 5155: 5146: 5144: 5136:Hays, Jeffrey. 5135: 5134: 5130: 5122: 5118: 5110: 5106: 5098: 5094: 5086: 5073: 5065: 5061: 5053: 5044: 5036: 5027: 5019: 5015: 5007: 5003: 4995: 4991: 4983: 4979: 4971: 4967: 4959: 4955: 4947: 4943: 4935: 4931: 4923: 4914: 4905: 4903: 4899: 4898: 4894: 4885: 4883: 4879: 4878: 4874: 4866: 4862: 4854: 4847: 4838: 4836: 4826: 4825: 4814: 4807: 4794: 4793: 4786: 4778: 4769: 4761: 4754: 4746: 4739: 4731: 4724: 4715: 4714: 4710: 4698: 4694: 4682: 4675: 4663: 4656: 4649: 4634: 4633: 4626: 4619: 4596: 4595: 4570: 4566: 4561: 4560: 4528: 4524: 4519: 4507: 3533: 3531: 3511: 3504: 3501: 3492: 3489: 3480: 3477: 3468: 3465: 3456: 3453: 3444: 3441: 3432: 3429: 3420: 3417: 3408: 3406:Phổ Minh Temple 3402: 3393: 3386:Bình Sơn pagoda 3383: 3374: 3318:Hồng ngọc sương 3305: 3275: 3267:Trần Nguyên Đán 3237: 3182:Trần Thánh Tông 3164:Trần Thánh Tông 3134:Trần Thánh Tông 3073: 3039: 2770: 2734:Chinese theatre 2725: 2723:Performing arts 2622:Trương Hán Siêu 2560: 2555: 2522:Trần Thánh Tông 2485:had to pay two 2466: 2442: 2436: 2420:Duke Hu of Chen 2384:Trần Thuận Tông 2372: 2370:Trần Thuận Tông 2362: 2288: 2274: 2254:Trần Khắc Chung 2219:Trương Hán Siêu 2203:Trần Quang Khải 2179: 2169: 2164: 2163: 2162: 2144:The handscroll 2143: 2138: 2124: 2122: 2118: 2116: 2112: 2110: 2106: 2077: 2074: 2072: 2068: 1983:Trần Bình Trọng 1975:Trần Quốc Khang 1963:Trần Quang Khải 1955:Trần Thánh Tông 1865:Mongol invasion 1861: 1855: 1842:Yên Tử Mountain 1835:Trần Quốc Khang 1789: 1787:Trần Thánh Tông 1779: 1676: 1666: 1661: 1566: 1530: 1528: 1523: 1522: 1521: 1461: 1453: 1452: 1326: 1316: 1315: 1284: 1270: 1224: 1215: 1205: 1204: 1146: 1136: 1135: 1116:Tây Sơn dynasty 999: 989: 988: 932: 922: 921: 882: 872: 871: 767:Bắc Sơn culture 707: 685: 678: 641: 624:Trần Quý Khoáng 569: 565: 543: 518: 475: 458: 445: 432: 418:January 10 1225 415: 381: 373:Trần Quang Khải 369: 357: 345: 332: 301: 289: 277: 269:Trần Thánh Tông 265: 252: 196: 182: 173: 170: 153: 147: 141: 137:within Chinese 126: 98: 81: 74: 59: 57: 53: 50: 45: 42: 40: 38: 37: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7256: 7254: 7246: 7245: 7240: 7235: 7230: 7225: 7220: 7215: 7210: 7200: 7199: 7194: 7193: 7188: 7185: 7176: 7171: 7165: 7164: 7157: 7156:External links 7154: 7153: 7152: 7137:Wolters, O. W. 7133: 7128: 7115: 7110: 7097: 7092: 7076: 7071: 7058: 7053: 7038: 7035: 7034: 7033: 7015:(2): 210–232. 7004: 6995: 6985:Trần Trọng Kim 6981: 6976: 6959: 6954: 6937: 6932: 6910: 6901: 6887: 6876: 6871: 6854: 6845: 6833: 6814: 6809: 6790: 6781: 6776: 6759: 6754: 6735: 6732: 6730: 6729: 6717: 6683: 6657: 6655:, p. 215. 6645: 6643:, p. 257. 6633: 6626: 6608: 6606:, p. 265. 6591: 6579: 6548: 6527: 6525:, p. 246. 6515: 6484: 6482:, p. 234. 6472: 6470:, p. 169. 6460: 6458:, p. 267. 6448: 6446:, p. 182. 6436: 6434:, p. 166. 6424: 6407: 6405:, p. 233. 6392: 6390:, p. 176. 6377: 6375:, p. 289. 6365: 6363:, p. 217. 6350: 6348:, p. 172. 6333: 6331:, p. 168. 6318: 6284: 6253: 6241: 6234: 6216: 6214:, p. 171. 6204: 6202:, p. 180. 6192: 6190:, p. 263. 6180: 6178:, p. 261. 6163: 6151: 6149:, p. 274. 6139: 6137:, p. 294. 6127: 6096: 6094:, p. 292. 6084: 6077: 6051: 6039: 6037:, p. 305. 6027: 6015: 6000: 5998:, p. 178. 5988: 5976: 5969: 5949: 5942: 5922: 5910: 5908:, p. 179. 5893: 5878: 5862: 5846: 5834: 5832:, p. 296. 5819: 5797: 5785: 5783:, p. 294. 5773: 5771:, p. 292. 5761: 5749: 5737: 5725: 5713: 5711:, p. 270. 5701: 5689: 5674: 5672:, p. 281. 5662: 5650: 5648:, p. 273. 5638: 5626: 5614: 5612:, p. 250. 5602: 5590: 5588:, p. 292. 5578: 5566: 5564:, p. 259. 5554: 5539: 5527: 5515: 5503: 5491: 5489:, p. 223. 5479: 5464: 5462:, p. 207. 5452: 5450:, p. 205. 5440: 5428: 5426:, p. 137. 5413: 5399: 5385: 5382:on 2014-10-14. 5345: 5333: 5326: 5300: 5288: 5276: 5274:, p. 197. 5264: 5252: 5250:, p. 195. 5240: 5228: 5216: 5201: 5199:, p. 192. 5189: 5187:, p. 193. 5177: 5165: 5153: 5128: 5116: 5104: 5092: 5071: 5059: 5057:, p. 163. 5042: 5025: 5023:, p. 194. 5013: 5011:, p. 160. 5001: 4989: 4977: 4975:, p. 157. 4965: 4963:, p. 156. 4953: 4951:, p. 186. 4941: 4939:, p. 154. 4929: 4927:, p. 153. 4912: 4892: 4872: 4860: 4858:, p. 159. 4845: 4827:Lê Mạnh Thát. 4812: 4805: 4784: 4782:, p. 249. 4767: 4752: 4737: 4722: 4717:"Tran Dynasty" 4708: 4692: 4673: 4654: 4647: 4624: 4617: 4567: 4565: 4562: 4559: 4558: 4521: 4520: 4518: 4515: 4514: 4513: 4506: 4503: 4500: 4498: 4497: 4495: 4493: 4491: 4489: 4487: 4485: 4483: 4481: 4479: 4477: 4475: 4473: 4471: 4469: 4467: 4465: 4463: 4461: 4459: 4457: 4455: 4449: 4447: 4446: 4444: 4442: 4440: 4438: 4436: 4434: 4432: 4430: 4428: 4426: 4424: 4422: 4420: 4418: 4416: 4414: 4412: 4410: 4408: 4406: 4404: 4402: 4400: 4398: 4396: 4393: 4391: 4390: 4385: 4383: 4381: 4376: 4374: 4372: 4370: 4368: 4366: 4364: 4362: 4360: 4358: 4356: 4354: 4352: 4350: 4344: 4342: 4341: 4339: 4337: 4335: 4333: 4331: 4329: 4327: 4325: 4323: 4321: 4319: 4317: 4315: 4313: 4311: 4309: 4307: 4305: 4303: 4301: 4299: 4297: 4295: 4293: 4291: 4289: 4287: 4284: 4282: 4281: 4276: 4274: 4272: 4267: 4265: 4263: 4258: 4256: 4254: 4252: 4247: 4245: 4243: 4237: 4236: 4234: 4232: 4230: 4228: 4226: 4224: 4222: 4220: 4218: 4216: 4214: 4212: 4210: 4208: 4206: 4204: 4202: 4200: 4198: 4196: 4194: 4192: 4190: 4188: 4186: 4183: 4182: 4180: 4178: 4176: 4174: 4172: 4170: 4168: 4166: 4164: 4162: 4160: 4158: 4156: 4154: 4152: 4150: 4148: 4146: 4144: 4142: 4140: 4138: 4136: 4134: 4132: 4130: 4128: 4125: 4123: 4122: 4120: 4118: 4116: 4114: 4112: 4110: 4108: 4106: 4104: 4102: 4100: 4098: 4096: 4091: 4089: 4087: 4085: 4083: 4081: 4079: 4077: 4074: 4072: 4071: 4069: 4067: 4065: 4063: 4061: 4059: 4057: 4055: 4053: 4051: 4049: 4047: 4045: 4043: 4041: 4039: 4037: 4035: 4033: 4031: 4029: 4027: 4025: 4023: 4021: 4018: 4016: 4015: 4013: 4011: 4009: 4007: 4005: 4003: 4001: 3999: 3997: 3995: 3993: 3991: 3989: 3984: 3982: 3980: 3978: 3976: 3974: 3972: 3970: 3967: 3965: 3964: 3962: 3960: 3958: 3956: 3954: 3952: 3950: 3948: 3946: 3944: 3942: 3940: 3938: 3936: 3934: 3932: 3930: 3928: 3926: 3924: 3922: 3920: 3918: 3916: 3914: 3911: 3909: 3908: 3906: 3904: 3902: 3900: 3898: 3896: 3894: 3892: 3890: 3888: 3886: 3884: 3882: 3877: 3875: 3873: 3871: 3869: 3867: 3865: 3863: 3860: 3858: 3857: 3855: 3853: 3851: 3849: 3847: 3845: 3843: 3841: 3839: 3837: 3835: 3833: 3831: 3829: 3827: 3825: 3823: 3821: 3819: 3817: 3815: 3813: 3811: 3809: 3807: 3804: 3802: 3801: 3799: 3797: 3795: 3793: 3791: 3789: 3787: 3785: 3783: 3781: 3779: 3777: 3775: 3770: 3768: 3766: 3764: 3762: 3760: 3758: 3756: 3753: 3751: 3750: 3748: 3746: 3744: 3742: 3740: 3738: 3736: 3734: 3732: 3730: 3728: 3726: 3724: 3722: 3720: 3718: 3716: 3714: 3712: 3710: 3708: 3706: 3704: 3702: 3700: 3697: 3695: 3694: 3692: 3690: 3688: 3686: 3684: 3682: 3680: 3678: 3676: 3674: 3672: 3670: 3668: 3663: 3661: 3659: 3657: 3655: 3653: 3651: 3649: 3646: 3644: 3643: 3641: 3639: 3637: 3635: 3633: 3631: 3629: 3627: 3625: 3623: 3621: 3619: 3617: 3615: 3613: 3611: 3609: 3607: 3605: 3603: 3601: 3599: 3597: 3595: 3593: 3590: 3588: 3587: 3585: 3583: 3581: 3579: 3577: 3575: 3573: 3571: 3569: 3567: 3565: 3563: 3561: 3556: 3554: 3552: 3550: 3548: 3546: 3544: 3542: 3535: 3534: 3516: 3510: 3507: 3506: 3505: 3502: 3495: 3493: 3490: 3483: 3481: 3478: 3471: 3469: 3466: 3459: 3457: 3454: 3447: 3445: 3442: 3435: 3433: 3430: 3423: 3421: 3418: 3411: 3409: 3404:Pagoda of the 3403: 3396: 3394: 3384: 3377: 3373: 3370: 3322:Northern herbs 3304: 3301: 3274: 3271: 3258:lung linh nghi 3236: 3233: 3230: 3229: 3224: 3219: 3216: 3212: 3211: 3206: 3201: 3198: 3194: 3193: 3188: 3183: 3180: 3176: 3175: 3170: 3165: 3162: 3158: 3157: 3152: 3146: 3145: 3140: 3135: 3132: 3128: 3127: 3122: 3116: 3115: 3110: 3105: 3104:Trần Thái Tông 3102: 3098: 3097: 3092: 3087: 3086:Trần Thái Tông 3084: 3080: 3079: 3077: 3068: 3067:Trần Thái Tông 3065: 3061: 3060: 3058: 3053: 3052:Trần Thái Tông 3050: 3046: 3045: 3043: 3034: 3033:Trần Thái Tông 3031: 3027: 3026: 3023: 3020: 3017: 3003:Đại Việt sử ký 2847:Trần Thái Tông 2769: 2766: 2724: 2721: 2559: 2556: 2554: 2551: 2495:tiểu hoàng nam 2465: 2462: 2458:Trùng Quang Đế 2438:Main article: 2435: 2432: 2361: 2358: 2353:Trần Khát Chân 2292:Trần Minh Tông 2282:Trần Nghệ Tông 2273: 2270: 2265:Trần Quốc Chân 2207:Trần Quốc Tuấn 2195:Trần Hiến Tông 2191:Trần Minh Tông 2177:Trần Minh Tông 2168: 2165: 2155:Trần Nhân Tông 2140: 2139: 2132: 2131: 2130: 2034:, and general 2004:Trần Quốc Toản 2000:Trần Nhật Duật 1959:Trần Nhân Tông 1920:Trần Quốc Tuấn 1898:Trần Nhật Hiệu 1889:Trần Thái Tông 1883:in modern-day 1857:Main article: 1854: 1851: 1783:Trần Thái Tông 1778: 1775: 1753:Lý Chiêu Hoàng 1750:crown princess 1670:Lý Chiêu Hoàng 1665: 1662: 1660: 1657: 1598:Trần Thái Tông 1568: 1567: 1565: 1564: 1557: 1550: 1542: 1539: 1538: 1525: 1524: 1520: 1519: 1517:Indochina Wars 1514: 1509: 1504: 1499: 1494: 1489: 1484: 1479: 1474: 1469: 1463: 1462: 1459: 1458: 1455: 1454: 1449: 1448: 1445: 1439: 1438: 1435: 1429: 1428: 1425: 1423:Jarai kingdoms 1419: 1418: 1415: 1409: 1408: 1405: 1399: 1398: 1395: 1389: 1388: 1385: 1379: 1378: 1375: 1369: 1368: 1365: 1359: 1358: 1355: 1349: 1348: 1345: 1339: 1338: 1335: 1327: 1322: 1321: 1318: 1317: 1312: 1311: 1308: 1302: 1301: 1298: 1296:Subsidy period 1292: 1291: 1288: 1278: 1277: 1274: 1264: 1263: 1260: 1252: 1251: 1248: 1242: 1241: 1238: 1232: 1231: 1228: 1216: 1211: 1210: 1207: 1206: 1201: 1200: 1197: 1191: 1190: 1187: 1179: 1178: 1175: 1169: 1168: 1165: 1159: 1158: 1155: 1147: 1142: 1141: 1138: 1137: 1132: 1131: 1128: 1126:Nguyễn dynasty 1122: 1121: 1118: 1112: 1111: 1108: 1102: 1101: 1098: 1092: 1091: 1088: 1082: 1081: 1078: 1072: 1071: 1068: 1062: 1061: 1058: 1052: 1051: 1048: 1042: 1041: 1038: 1032: 1031: 1028: 1022: 1021: 1018: 1012: 1011: 1008: 1000: 995: 994: 991: 990: 985: 984: 981: 975: 974: 971: 965: 964: 961: 955: 954: 951: 945: 944: 941: 933: 928: 927: 924: 923: 918: 917: 914: 908: 907: 904: 898: 897: 891: 883: 878: 877: 874: 873: 868: 867: 864: 858: 857: 854: 848: 847: 844: 838: 837: 834: 832:Gò Mun culture 828: 827: 824: 818: 817: 814: 808: 807: 805: 793: 792: 789: 787:Đa Bút culture 783: 782: 779: 773: 772: 769: 763: 762: 760: 752: 751: 748: 742: 741: 739: 731: 730: 727: 725:Sơn Vi culture 721: 720: 718: 708: 703: 702: 699: 698: 690: 689: 680: 679: 672: 665: 664: 661: 657: 656: 647: 643: 642: 640: 639: 633: 631: 627: 626: 621: 617: 616: 614:Trần Nhật Cảnh 611: 607: 606: 603: 599: 598: 587: 583: 582: 574: 573: 560: 556: 555: 552: 551: 548: 547: 540: 531: 528: 527: 522: 510: 509: 504: 494: 493: 488: 484: 483: 480: 479: 476: 466: 463: 462: 459: 453: 450: 449: 446: 440: 437: 436: 433: 423: 420: 419: 416: 410: 407: 406: 403: 402: 397: 396:Historical era 393: 392: 389: 388: 382: 379: 376: 375: 370: 367: 364: 363: 358: 355: 352: 351: 349:Trần Quốc Toản 346: 343: 340: 339: 333: 330: 327: 326: 323: 322: 319: 313: 312: 309: 308: 302: 299: 296: 295: 290: 287: 284: 283: 281:Trần Nhân Tông 278: 275: 272: 271: 266: 263: 260: 259: 256:Trần Thái Tông 253: 250: 247: 246: 243: 242: 239: 233: 232: 227: 223: 222: 205: 201: 200: 198:Old Vietnamese 191: 187: 186: 164: 160: 159: 132: 128: 127: 117:and Cham king 108: 100: 99: 96: 88: 87: 83: 82: 75: 72: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7255: 7244: 7241: 7239: 7236: 7234: 7231: 7229: 7226: 7224: 7221: 7219: 7216: 7214: 7211: 7209: 7206: 7205: 7203: 7191: 7182: 7181: 7174: 7168: 7163: 7160: 7159: 7155: 7150: 7146: 7142: 7138: 7134: 7131: 7129:0-415-30799-6 7125: 7122:, Routledge, 7121: 7116: 7113: 7111:0-520-07417-3 7107: 7103: 7098: 7095: 7093:0-521-35505-2 7089: 7085: 7081: 7077: 7074: 7068: 7064: 7059: 7056: 7054:1-86448-954-5 7050: 7046: 7041: 7040: 7036: 7030: 7026: 7022: 7018: 7014: 7010: 7005: 7001: 6996: 6992: 6991: 6986: 6982: 6979: 6973: 6969: 6965: 6960: 6957: 6955:9971-69-036-5 6951: 6947: 6944:, Singapore: 6943: 6938: 6935: 6929: 6925: 6921: 6920: 6915: 6914:Taylor, K. W. 6911: 6907: 6902: 6898: 6897: 6892: 6888: 6884: 6883: 6877: 6874: 6868: 6864: 6860: 6855: 6851: 6846: 6836: 6830: 6826: 6822: 6821: 6815: 6812: 6806: 6802: 6798: 6797: 6791: 6787: 6782: 6779: 6777:0-313-29622-7 6773: 6769: 6765: 6760: 6757: 6755:9971-69-259-7 6751: 6747: 6743: 6738: 6737: 6733: 6726: 6721: 6718: 6707:on 2011-07-16 6706: 6702: 6701: 6696: 6690: 6688: 6684: 6673:on 2014-05-17 6672: 6668: 6661: 6658: 6654: 6649: 6646: 6642: 6637: 6634: 6629: 6627:0-906026-36-9 6623: 6619: 6612: 6609: 6605: 6600: 6598: 6596: 6592: 6589:, p. 77. 6588: 6583: 6580: 6569:on 2011-07-16 6568: 6564: 6563: 6558: 6552: 6549: 6537: 6531: 6528: 6524: 6519: 6516: 6505:on 2011-07-16 6504: 6500: 6499: 6494: 6488: 6485: 6481: 6476: 6473: 6469: 6464: 6461: 6457: 6452: 6449: 6445: 6440: 6437: 6433: 6428: 6425: 6422:, p. 20. 6421: 6420:Mai Hồng 1989 6416: 6414: 6412: 6408: 6404: 6399: 6397: 6393: 6389: 6384: 6382: 6378: 6374: 6369: 6366: 6362: 6357: 6355: 6351: 6347: 6342: 6340: 6338: 6334: 6330: 6325: 6323: 6319: 6308:on 2011-07-16 6307: 6303: 6302: 6297: 6291: 6289: 6285: 6274:on 2011-07-16 6273: 6269: 6268: 6263: 6262:"Nguyễn Hiền" 6257: 6254: 6250: 6245: 6242: 6237: 6235:0-87727-732-X 6231: 6227: 6220: 6217: 6213: 6208: 6205: 6201: 6196: 6193: 6189: 6184: 6181: 6177: 6172: 6170: 6168: 6164: 6160: 6155: 6152: 6148: 6143: 6140: 6136: 6131: 6128: 6117:on 2011-07-16 6116: 6112: 6111: 6106: 6100: 6097: 6093: 6088: 6085: 6080: 6078:0-8248-2972-7 6074: 6070: 6065: 6064: 6055: 6052: 6048: 6043: 6040: 6036: 6031: 6028: 6024: 6019: 6016: 6013:, p. 53. 6012: 6007: 6005: 6001: 5997: 5992: 5989: 5985: 5980: 5977: 5972: 5966: 5962: 5961: 5953: 5950: 5945: 5939: 5935: 5934: 5926: 5923: 5920:, p. 73. 5919: 5914: 5911: 5907: 5902: 5900: 5898: 5894: 5891:, p. 81. 5890: 5885: 5883: 5879: 5875: 5871: 5866: 5863: 5859: 5855: 5850: 5847: 5844:, p. 96. 5843: 5838: 5835: 5831: 5826: 5824: 5820: 5807: 5801: 5798: 5794: 5789: 5786: 5782: 5777: 5774: 5770: 5765: 5762: 5758: 5753: 5750: 5746: 5741: 5738: 5735:, p. 94. 5734: 5729: 5726: 5722: 5717: 5714: 5710: 5705: 5702: 5699:, p. 90. 5698: 5693: 5690: 5686: 5681: 5679: 5675: 5671: 5666: 5663: 5660:, p. 91. 5659: 5654: 5651: 5647: 5642: 5639: 5635: 5630: 5627: 5624:, p. 70. 5623: 5618: 5615: 5611: 5606: 5603: 5599: 5594: 5591: 5587: 5582: 5579: 5575: 5570: 5567: 5563: 5558: 5555: 5552:, p. 89. 5551: 5546: 5544: 5540: 5537:, p. 69. 5536: 5531: 5528: 5524: 5519: 5516: 5513:, p. 86. 5512: 5507: 5504: 5501:, p. 66. 5500: 5495: 5492: 5488: 5483: 5480: 5477:, p. 85. 5476: 5471: 5469: 5465: 5461: 5456: 5453: 5449: 5444: 5441: 5438:, p. 65. 5437: 5432: 5429: 5425: 5420: 5418: 5414: 5409: 5403: 5400: 5395: 5389: 5386: 5381: 5377: 5376:"Liam Kelley" 5364:on 2016-10-06 5363: 5359: 5355: 5349: 5346: 5343:, p. 62. 5342: 5337: 5334: 5329: 5323: 5319: 5314: 5313: 5304: 5301: 5298:, p. 84. 5297: 5292: 5289: 5286:, p. 61. 5285: 5280: 5277: 5273: 5268: 5265: 5261: 5256: 5253: 5249: 5244: 5241: 5237: 5232: 5229: 5226:, p. 58. 5225: 5220: 5217: 5214:, p. 83. 5213: 5208: 5206: 5202: 5198: 5193: 5190: 5186: 5181: 5178: 5174: 5169: 5166: 5162: 5157: 5154: 5143: 5139: 5132: 5129: 5125: 5120: 5117: 5113: 5108: 5105: 5102:, p. 49. 5101: 5096: 5093: 5090:, p. 50. 5089: 5084: 5082: 5080: 5078: 5076: 5072: 5068: 5063: 5060: 5056: 5051: 5049: 5047: 5043: 5040:, p. 80. 5039: 5034: 5032: 5030: 5026: 5022: 5017: 5014: 5010: 5005: 5002: 4999:, p. 79. 4998: 4993: 4990: 4986: 4981: 4978: 4974: 4969: 4966: 4962: 4957: 4954: 4950: 4945: 4942: 4938: 4933: 4930: 4926: 4921: 4919: 4917: 4913: 4902: 4896: 4893: 4882: 4876: 4873: 4869: 4864: 4861: 4857: 4852: 4850: 4846: 4834: 4830: 4823: 4821: 4819: 4817: 4813: 4808: 4806:1-55849-141-4 4802: 4798: 4791: 4789: 4785: 4781: 4776: 4774: 4772: 4768: 4765:, p. 95. 4764: 4759: 4757: 4753: 4749: 4744: 4742: 4738: 4734: 4729: 4727: 4723: 4718: 4712: 4709: 4705: 4701: 4696: 4693: 4689: 4685: 4680: 4678: 4674: 4670: 4666: 4661: 4659: 4655: 4650: 4648:9781285965703 4644: 4640: 4639: 4631: 4629: 4625: 4620: 4614: 4610: 4606: 4602: 4601: 4593: 4591: 4589: 4587: 4585: 4583: 4581: 4579: 4577: 4575: 4573: 4569: 4563: 4556: 4552: 4549: 4545: 4541: 4538: 4533: 4526: 4523: 4516: 4512: 4509: 4508: 4504: 4499: 4454: 4450: 4448: 4394: 4392: 4389: 4380: 4349: 4345: 4343: 4285: 4283: 4280: 4271: 4262: 4251: 4242: 4238: 4235: 4225: 4223: 4213: 4211: 4199: 4197: 4187: 4185: 4184: 4175: 4149: 4147: 4131: 4129: 4126: 4124: 4095: 4075: 4073: 4019: 4017: 3988: 3968: 3966: 3912: 3910: 3881: 3861: 3859: 3805: 3803: 3774: 3754: 3752: 3698: 3696: 3667: 3647: 3645: 3591: 3589: 3560: 3540: 3514: 3508: 3499: 3494: 3487: 3482: 3475: 3470: 3463: 3458: 3451: 3446: 3439: 3434: 3427: 3422: 3415: 3410: 3407: 3400: 3395: 3391: 3387: 3381: 3376: 3371: 3369: 3367: 3363: 3359: 3355: 3351: 3346: 3344: 3340: 3335: 3334:Phạm Công Bân 3331: 3327: 3323: 3319: 3309: 3302: 3300: 3298: 3294: 3288: 3285: 3280: 3272: 3270: 3268: 3263: 3259: 3255: 3254:liêm phóng sứ 3251: 3247: 3242: 3234: 3228: 3225: 3223: 3220: 3217: 3214: 3213: 3210: 3207: 3205: 3202: 3200:Trần Anh Tông 3199: 3196: 3195: 3192: 3189: 3187: 3184: 3181: 3178: 3177: 3174: 3171: 3169: 3166: 3163: 3160: 3159: 3156: 3153: 3151: 3148: 3147: 3144: 3141: 3139: 3136: 3129: 3126: 3123: 3121: 3118: 3117: 3114: 3111: 3109: 3108:Trần Quốc Lặc 3106: 3099: 3096: 3093: 3091: 3088: 3085: 3082: 3081: 3078: 3076: 3072: 3069: 3066: 3063: 3062: 3059: 3057: 3054: 3051: 3048: 3047: 3044: 3042: 3038: 3035: 3032: 3029: 3028: 3024: 3022:Ranked first 3021: 3018: 3015: 3014: 3011: 3009: 3005: 3004: 2997: 2995: 2990: 2988: 2983: 2981: 2977: 2973: 2969: 2965: 2961: 2958: 2954: 2951: 2947: 2944: 2940: 2937:). The first 2936: 2932: 2929: 2925: 2921: 2917: 2914: 2910: 2906: 2902: 2899: 2895: 2891: 2887: 2879: 2878:Mạc Đăng Dung 2875: 2870: 2866: 2864: 2860: 2856: 2852: 2848: 2843: 2841: 2837: 2836:thái học sinh 2833: 2828: 2826: 2822: 2818: 2814: 2810: 2805: 2803: 2799: 2795: 2791: 2787: 2779: 2774: 2767: 2765: 2763: 2759: 2758: 2752: 2750: 2745: 2741: 2740: 2735: 2731: 2730:Lý Nguyên Cát 2722: 2720: 2718: 2717: 2712: 2708: 2704: 2700: 2696: 2692: 2687: 2685: 2681: 2677: 2672: 2670: 2666: 2665:Trần Thế Pháp 2662: 2661: 2656: 2652: 2651: 2645: 2643: 2639: 2635: 2631: 2627: 2623: 2614: 2610: 2608: 2604: 2600: 2599: 2598:Hịch tướng sĩ 2594: 2590: 2586: 2581: 2578: 2569: 2568:Trần Thế Pháp 2564: 2557: 2552: 2550: 2548: 2544: 2540: 2534: 2532: 2528: 2523: 2518: 2515: 2510: 2506: 2504: 2500: 2499:đại hoàng nam 2496: 2492: 2488: 2484: 2480: 2476: 2472: 2463: 2461: 2459: 2455: 2451: 2447: 2441: 2433: 2431: 2429: 2425: 2424:State of Chen 2421: 2417: 2413: 2409: 2408:Phạm Khả Vĩnh 2405: 2401: 2400:Trần Thiếu Đế 2397: 2392: 2390: 2385: 2381: 2377: 2371: 2367: 2359: 2357: 2354: 2350: 2346: 2342: 2338: 2337:Trần Duệ Tông 2333: 2331: 2327: 2323: 2318: 2316: 2311: 2309: 2303: 2301: 2300:Dương Nhật Lễ 2297: 2293: 2287: 2286:Dương Nhật Lễ 2283: 2279: 2271: 2269: 2266: 2262: 2257: 2255: 2251: 2247: 2243: 2239: 2235: 2230: 2228: 2224: 2220: 2216: 2212: 2208: 2204: 2200: 2199:Mongol Empire 2196: 2192: 2188: 2187:Trần Anh Tông 2183: 2178: 2174: 2173:Trần Anh Tông 2166: 2160: 2156: 2153: 2152: 2147: 2142: 2136: 2128: 2127: 2121: 2115: 2109: 2102: 2100: 2096: 2092: 2088: 2085: 2079: 2078: 2071: 2064: 2062: 2058: 2054: 2052: 2048: 2043: 2041: 2037: 2033: 2029: 2028:Trần Khánh Dư 2025: 2020: 2015: 2013: 2009: 2005: 2001: 1997: 1991: 1988: 1984: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1968: 1964: 1960: 1956: 1951: 1949: 1945: 1941: 1936: 1934: 1933: 1927: 1921: 1916: 1912: 1910: 1905: 1903: 1899: 1893: 1890: 1886: 1882: 1878: 1874: 1870: 1866: 1860: 1852: 1850: 1847: 1843: 1838: 1836: 1832: 1828: 1824: 1823: 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1304: 1303: 1299: 1297: 1294: 1293: 1289: 1283: 1280: 1279: 1275: 1269: 1268:South Vietnam 1266: 1265: 1261: 1259: 1258: 1254: 1253: 1249: 1247: 1244: 1243: 1239: 1237: 1234: 1233: 1229: 1223: 1222:North Vietnam 1220: 1219: 1214: 1209: 1208: 1198: 1196: 1193: 1192: 1188: 1186: 1185: 1181: 1180: 1176: 1174: 1173:French Tonkin 1171: 1170: 1166: 1164: 1161: 1160: 1156: 1154: 1151: 1150: 1145: 1140: 1139: 1129: 1127: 1124: 1123: 1119: 1117: 1114: 1113: 1109: 1107: 1104: 1103: 1099: 1097: 1094: 1093: 1089: 1087: 1084: 1083: 1079: 1077: 1074: 1073: 1069: 1067: 1064: 1063: 1059: 1057: 1054: 1053: 1049: 1047: 1044: 1043: 1039: 1037: 1034: 1033: 1029: 1027: 1024: 1023: 1019: 1017: 1014: 1013: 1009: 1007: 1004: 1003: 998: 993: 992: 982: 980: 977: 976: 972: 970: 967: 966: 962: 960: 957: 956: 952: 950: 947: 946: 942: 940: 937: 936: 931: 926: 925: 916:204 BC–111 BC 915: 913: 912:Triệu dynasty 910: 909: 906:257 BC–179 BC 905: 903: 900: 899: 892: 890: 887: 886: 881: 876: 875: 865: 863: 862:Óc Eo 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4839:2009-12-10 4702:, p. 4686:, p. 4564:References 4555:Trần triều 4348:Thuận Tông 3773:Thánh Tông 3168:Lý Đạo Tái 3120:Trương Xán 3075:Vương Giát 2960:Đặng Ma La 2953:Lê Văn Hưu 2840:Jiang Ziya 2813:Trần Vượng 2809:Chu Văn An 2778:Chu Văn An 2699:Chu Văn An 2691:Hàn Thuyên 2634:Thuật hoài 2558:Literature 2529:along the 2514:Thang Long 2434:Later Trần 2416:Hồ dynasty 2364:See also: 2330:Thăng Long 2276:See also: 2242:Huyền Trân 2171:See also: 2159:Thăng Long 2082:Later on, 2063:(北使宿丘溫驛): 2047:Xu Zongdao 1932:darughachi 1846:Quảng Ninh 1798:Nguyễn Nộn 1781:See also: 1777:Early Trần 1746:Lý dynasty 1715:Thăng Long 1696:Lý dynasty 1668:See also: 1649:Vietnamese 1606:Lý dynasty 1578:Vietnamese 1066:Hồ dynasty 866:(1–630 AD) 746:Hoabinhian 736:Mesolithic 660:Deposition 650:Thăng Long 538:Hồ dynasty 525:Lý dynasty 317:Chancellor 226:Government 167:Thăng Long 158:1368–1400) 152:1258–1368) 146:1225–1258) 115:Huyền Trân 43:21°02′15″N 7029:247914991 6946:NUS Press 6863:Routledge 6493:"Đặng Lộ" 5870:Hall 2008 4684:Hall 2008 4250:Hiến Tông 4241:Nghệ Tông 4094:Minh Tông 3880:Nhân Tông 3666:Thái Tông 3330:thuốc Nam 3326:thuốc Bắc 3295:in their 3279:gunpowder 3273:Gunpowder 3241:feng shui 3150:Bạch Liêu 2976:Thanh Hóa 2950:bảng nhãn 2909:bảng nhãn 2825:Bùi Phóng 2784:Although 2749:hát tuồng 2744:hát tuồng 2739:hát tuồng 2547:Guangdong 2531:Red River 2471:thuế thân 2446:Trần Ngỗi 2404:Trần Hãng 2389:Thanh Hóa 2380:Trần Ngạc 2376:Hồ Quý Ly 2366:Hồ Quý Ly 2246:Thuận Hóa 2211:mandarins 2101:customs. 2091:Rongjinji 2084:Wu Bozong 1831:Trần Liễu 1810:Hải Dương 1806:Bắc Giang 1771:Gregorian 1758:Trần Cảnh 1727:Trần Thừa 1692:Trần Cảnh 1629:gunpowder 1622:Hồ Quý Ly 1472:Dynasties 1447:1707–1832 1437:1600–1954 1427:1100–1904 1417:1061–1432 1413:Ngưu Hống 1407:1042–1052 1300:1975–1986 1290:1969–1976 1276:1955–1975 1262:1954–1976 1250:1949–1955 1240:1948–1949 1230:1945–1976 1130:1802–1945 1120:1778–1802 1110:1533–1789 1100:1527–1592 1090:1428–1527 1080:1407–1427 1070:1400–1407 1060:1225–1400 1050:1009–1225 930:Dominated 802:Iron Ages 757:Neolithic 646:Estate(s) 589:State of 473:Hồ Quý Ly 426:Trần Thừa 413:Trần Cảnh 385:Hồ Quý Ly 368:• ? 356:• ? 344:• ? 204:Religion 175:Thanh Hóa 139:tributary 86:1225–1400 7139:(2009), 7082:(1992), 6987:(1971), 6916:(2013), 6893:(1993), 6840:7 August 5811:22 March 5373:Author: 4532:Nhà Trần 4505:See also 4453:Thiếu Đế 4279:Cung Túc 4270:Duệ Tông 3987:Anh Tông 3350:Tuệ Tĩnh 3303:Medicine 3186:Đào Tiêu 3071:Lưu Miễn 3041:Lưu Diễm 3019:Emperor 2957:thám hoa 2939:tam khôi 2924:thám hoa 2886:tam khôi 2863:Lưu Diễm 2855:Đại Việt 2786:Buddhism 2716:Shi Jing 2638:de facto 2585:Buddhist 2517:period. 2503:lão hạng 2428:Zhejiang 2360:Downfall 2349:Lạng Sơn 2315:Trần Phủ 2073:胡越同風各弟兄。 2067:江山有限分南北， 1879:and the 1869:Đại Việt 1688:Nam Định 1618:Thiếu Đế 1586:Đại Việt 1497:Monarchs 1492:Military 1460:By topic 1397:937–1253 1387:802–1431 1347:192–1832 1213:Republic 1144:Colonial 1040:980–1009 997:Dynastic 675:a series 673:Part of 591:Đại Việt 487:Currency 230:Monarchy 208:Buddhism 111:Đại Việt 6734:Sources 4669:108–121 4544:Chữ Hán 4537:Chữ Nôm 4388:Nhật Lễ 4261:Dụ Tông 3559:Thái Tổ 3372:Gallery 3246:Đặng Lộ 3138:Trần Cố 2994:thi hội 2980:Nghệ An 2695:chữ Nôm 2689:It was 2684:Chinese 2680:chữ nôm 2553:Culture 2543:Vân Đồn 2454:Nghệ An 2396:Trần An 2261:Chế Chí 2238:Chế Mân 1967:Nghệ An 1877:Sichuan 1659:History 1645:Chữ Nôm 1590:Chữ Hán 1582:chữ Nôm 1477:Economy 1377:738–902 1373:Nanzhao 1367:550–781 1357:300–800 1306:Đổi Mới 1030:968–980 1020:965–968 1010:939–965 983:602–938 973:544–602 896:–258 BC 894:2879 BC 880:Ancient 686:Vietnam 610:Founder 602:Founded 595:Vietnam 586:Country 563:Vietnam 467:• 441:• 338:(first) 258:(first) 237:Emperor 163:Capital 7126: 7108: 7090: 7069: 7051: 7027: 6974: 6952: 6930: 6869: 6831: 6807: 6774: 6752: 6624: 6557:"Trần" 6232: 6075: 5967: 5940: 5324: 5320:–162. 4803: 4645: 4615: 4379:Phế Đế 2922:) and 2800:, and 2527:levees 2398:, now 2322:Champa 2284:, and 2234:Champa 2225:, and 2193:, 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