1288:
1763:
1276:
1144:
261:
6631:
274:
771:
1735:
779:
231:
159:
1749:
244:
218:
51:
309:
296:
4784:
1196:
took place in 2008 across the South
Caucasus, contributing to further instability in the region, which is as intricate as the Middle East, due to the complex mix of religions (mainly Muslim and Orthodox Christian) and ethno-linguistic groups.
933:, Zoroastrianism lost its prevalence and only survived because of Persian power and influence still lingering in the region. Thus, the South Caucasus became the area of not only military, but also religious convergence, which often led to
3758:
1264:
4403:
3847:
806:, the region has been an arena for political, military, religious, and cultural rivalries and expansionism for centuries. Throughout its history, the region has come under control of various empires, including the
4713:
4484:
2378:"Приложение. Численность наличного населения городов, поселков городского типа, районов и районных центров СССР по данным переписи на 15 января 1970 года по республикам, краям и областям (кроме РСФСР)"
4744:
4725:
4754:
4514:
4356:
4834:
4636:
4749:
4737:
4526:
2913:
2157:"Joint Motion for a Resolution on closer ties between the EU and Armenia and the need for a peace agreement between Azerbaijan and Armenia | RC-B9-0163/2024 | European Parliament"
4769:
866:, all of which introduced their faiths and cultures. Throughout history, most of the South Caucasus was usually under the direct rule of the various in-Iran based empires and part of the
4794:
4464:
4774:
4759:
5009:
4708:
763:
settled in
Caucasia. These invasions influenced on the culture of the peoples of the South Caucasus. In parallel Middle Eastern influence disseminated the Iranian languages and
4789:
4479:
4720:
3783:
1163:
35:
4491:
4256:
1259:
to
Georgia, which was confirmed on 14 December 2023. Georgia, thus becoming, the first country in the South Caucasus to receive EU candidate status. On 12 March 2024, the
4212:
2484:"The Results of 2011 Population Census of the Republic of Armenia (Figures of the Republic of Armenia), trilingual / Armenian Statistical Service of Republic of Armenia"
4631:
2249:ჯაოშვილი, ვახტანგ. საქართველოს მოსახლეობა XVIII–XX საუკუნეებში./Jaoshvili, Vakhtang. Population of Georgia in the XVIII–XX centuries. Metsniereba, Tbilisi, 1984, pp. 95
2237:ჯაოშვილი, ვახტანგ. საქართველოს მოსახლეობა XVIII–XX საუკუნეებში./Jaoshvili, Vakhtang. Population of Georgia in the XVIII–XX centuries. Metsniereba, Tbilisi, 1984, pp. 92
3842:
3798:
4851:
4779:
4732:
3902:
5121:
5088:
4098:
732:, a Greek geographer, philosopher, and historian, spoke about autochthonous peoples of the Caucasus in their books. In the Middle Ages, various people, including
2507:ჯაოშვილი, ვახტანგ. საქართველოს მოსახლეობა XVIII–XX საუკუნეებში./Jaoshvili, Vakhtang. Population of Georgia in the XVIII–XX centuries. Metsniereba, Tbilisi, 1984.
5031:
4251:
2861:
1786:
1159:
31:
2184:
4677:
1200:
Since their independence, the three countries have had varying degrees of success in their relations with Russia and other countries. In
Georgia, after the
6675:
5036:
4573:
4519:
3793:
2754:
177:
2562:
1086:, which was known as Sanjak of Batum), to the Russians, who populated this new southern boundary mostly with undesirable citizens and tolerated heretics (
6395:
6254:
4764:
4703:
3955:
1256:
513:, also fall within the region. Parts of Iran and Turkey are also included within the region of the South Caucasus. Goods produced in the region include
4284:
4651:
4563:
4449:
4131:
3837:
3778:
6388:
6274:
4844:
3753:
6383:
6317:
4672:
2918:
2784:
2648:
2041:
1225:
6378:
6342:
6281:
4301:
3879:
3690:
2906:
1687:. Some experts speculate that the South Caucasus may be the birthplace of wine production. Archaeological excavations and carbon dating of
1178:
961:
672:
6371:
6366:
6312:
2982:
6240:
5114:
4568:
4439:
4289:
3773:
3705:
3605:
2964:
2896:
2074:
2000:
1947:
1811:
1182:
1174:
1108:
1079:
6581:
6322:
3803:
3763:
2901:
2118:
1957:
1287:
164:
134:
1107:
were combined into a single czarist government-general, which was termed a vice-royalty in 1844-1881 and 1905–1917. Following the
6337:
6327:
6269:
6247:
6230:
6225:
6144:
4918:
4856:
4590:
4167:
7644:
6668:
6347:
6176:
6042:
5956:
5906:
4687:
4546:
3695:
1245:
1186:
394:. The total area of these countries measures about 186,100 square kilometres (71,850 square miles). The South Caucasus and the
68:
6291:
4580:
4079:
3862:
2797:
902:
510:
115:
72:
87:
6601:
6586:
5107:
4965:
4536:
4509:
1035:
1031:
898:
3788:
2721:
1221:
6634:
6286:
5916:
5643:
5348:
4553:
4459:
3576:
3001:
1237:
1169:
Both times these
Transcaucasian entities dissolved, although the region would remain politically bound together in the
7362:
5773:
4908:
4682:
4230:
4217:
4124:
3379:
2830:
94:
1857:
7664:
6661:
5951:
5936:
5234:
5219:
4812:
4641:
4368:
4246:
4224:
3874:
3852:
3700:
3369:
2738:
2198:
953:
676:), meaning " beyond the Caucasus". This implies a Russian vantage point, and is analogous to similar terms such as
7568:
2108:
61:
6332:
6264:
6235:
6220:
5961:
5886:
5019:
4824:
4597:
4331:
4306:
3748:
3727:
2856:
2777:
1816:
957:
101:
7659:
7538:
6859:
5921:
5838:
5421:
5134:
4351:
4321:
4316:
4221:
3867:
1754:
630:
583:
952:
The
Iranian Parthians established and installed several eponymous branches in the South Caucasus, namely the
7649:
7634:
7480:
6568:
6259:
6166:
5843:
5553:
5548:
5014:
4903:
4454:
4423:
4341:
3945:
3884:
3857:
3768:
3514:
3330:
3325:
3116:
2940:
2930:
2891:
2521:
1827:
1801:
702:
648:
1275:
934:
83:
7593:
7588:
6731:
6545:
6352:
5946:
5749:
4996:
4955:
4945:
4531:
4361:
4117:
2945:
2925:
2835:
2454:
1796:
1088:
7583:
6638:
6502:
6422:
6065:
5966:
5575:
5026:
3965:
3722:
3641:
3591:
3313:
2716:
2094:
1071:
2732:
2156:
1143:
981:
1291:
Development of life expectancy in the countries of the South
Caucasus and in the neighboring countries
7096:
6512:
5488:
5206:
5043:
4408:
4294:
3985:
3930:
3717:
3596:
3559:
3359:
3182:
2770:
1209:
1078:
and the remainder of the contemporary
Azerbaijani Republic that remained in Iranian hands. After the
930:
594:
554:
427:
7543:
7517:
7240:
7068:
6904:
6766:
6721:
6161:
5826:
5763:
5739:
5570:
5431:
5377:
5318:
5289:
5229:
5224:
4839:
4829:
4656:
4541:
4272:
4192:
4177:
3509:
3443:
3284:
2997:
2987:
1260:
1252:
1241:
1148:
1067:
1000:
909:, among others. These kingdoms were later incorporated into various Iranian empires, including the
811:
5099:
7654:
7382:
7260:
6449:
6070:
6033:
5911:
5357:
5279:
5239:
5214:
4981:
4950:
4940:
4418:
4382:
4172:
4010:
3619:
3541:
3536:
3391:
3351:
3031:
3021:
2820:
2685:
2285:
1832:
1399:
1193:
1155:
1055:
996:
883:
415:
375:
2033:
Russia at War: From the Mongol
Conquest to Afghanistan, Chechnya, and Beyond [2 volumes]
2455:"Population Dynamics in Georgia – An Overview Based on the 2014 General Population Census Data"
2066:
7639:
7613:
7408:
7377:
7317:
7270:
6530:
6149:
5976:
5941:
5802:
5797:
5778:
5587:
5414:
5174:
5069:
5062:
4977:
4878:
4866:
4615:
4444:
4346:
4326:
4311:
4152:
4144:
3950:
3940:
3935:
3712:
3571:
3531:
3504:
3476:
3438:
3259:
3254:
3068:
2875:
2644:
2328:
2114:
2070:
2037:
2031:
1996:
1953:
1837:
1740:
1670:
1233:
1096:
1063:
910:
906:
807:
619:
574:
498:
487:
467:
383:
249:
5451:
2972:
2748:
1990:
7435:
7394:
7307:
7210:
7136:
7078:
7012:
6990:
6978:
6921:
6854:
6831:
6716:
6611:
6606:
6596:
6525:
6202:
6156:
6099:
6028:
5891:
5785:
5734:
5712:
5565:
5512:
5004:
4930:
4913:
4891:
4646:
4015:
4000:
3674:
3374:
3249:
3201:
3192:
3170:
3143:
2840:
2677:
1902:"The Caucasus Mountains form the boundary between West and East, between Europe and Asia..."
1158:
in 1918, the South
Caucasus region was unified into a single political entity twice, as the
993:
942:
855:
827:
823:
693:
663:
639:
479:
475:
455:
108:
7578:
7563:
7475:
7354:
7255:
7250:
7056:
7051:
7034:
6943:
6916:
6811:
6806:
6786:
6781:
6696:
6497:
5998:
5986:
5971:
5926:
5876:
5816:
5758:
5719:
5707:
5700:
5609:
5426:
5409:
5384:
5078:
4985:
4972:
4960:
4935:
4925:
4861:
4072:
4057:
4045:
3977:
3821:
3519:
3481:
3471:
3222:
3136:
3131:
2805:
2727:
2304:"Приложение. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1926 г. СССР, республики и их основные регионы"
1781:
1280:
1201:
1020:
1012:
918:
914:
867:
851:
847:
815:
602:
463:
459:
937:
with successive Persian empires (and later Muslim-ruled empires) on the one side and the
2303:
7558:
7548:
7505:
7460:
7423:
7332:
7222:
7088:
7061:
7017:
6841:
6642:
6591:
6490:
6454:
6434:
6417:
6357:
6121:
6013:
5991:
5981:
5833:
5811:
5690:
5675:
5670:
5543:
5495:
5466:
5372:
5362:
4501:
4182:
4050:
4020:
3990:
3581:
3564:
3466:
3400:
3320:
3296:
3217:
3148:
2609:
2059:
2018:
1821:
1791:
1683:
1217:
1047:
1039:
1016:
1008:
946:
922:
879:
863:
843:
756:
753:
681:
395:
367:
770:
7628:
7430:
7418:
7389:
7327:
7245:
7235:
7161:
7111:
7101:
7044:
6953:
6948:
6933:
6826:
6821:
6801:
6796:
6771:
6709:
6616:
6485:
6477:
6444:
6181:
6131:
6023:
6018:
6008:
5858:
5821:
5729:
5724:
5626:
5531:
5083:
4886:
4585:
4413:
4336:
4088:
4040:
4005:
3995:
3656:
3586:
3364:
3206:
3089:
2935:
2712:
Caucasian Review of International Affairs – an academic journal on the South Caucasus
2689:
2377:
2353:
1768:
1205:
1128:
1051:
1004:
859:
839:
542:
526:
518:
279:
2419:
2402:
1691:
from the area have dated back to 8000–5000 BC. Wine found in Iran has been dated to
158:
7312:
7195:
6973:
6874:
6741:
6736:
6520:
6459:
6439:
6429:
6139:
6111:
5866:
5604:
5538:
5507:
5456:
5328:
5257:
5194:
5184:
4207:
4202:
3960:
3732:
3646:
3633:
3408:
3279:
3187:
3094:
3084:
3073:
3041:
3026:
2526:
1170:
1024:
938:
926:
819:
787:
778:
677:
550:
2582:
2224:
1992:
Regional Cooperation in the South Caucasus: Good Neighbours Or Distant Relatives?
1921:
7600:
7573:
7522:
7490:
7344:
7275:
7116:
6938:
6926:
6726:
6576:
6535:
6171:
6060:
6003:
5931:
5881:
5768:
5744:
5633:
5471:
5389:
5367:
5343:
5189:
5179:
4469:
4197:
4187:
4093:
3551:
3229:
3121:
3036:
3006:
2955:
2668:
Shahinyan, Arsen K. (2022). "The Southern Boundaries of the Southern Caucasus".
2567:
1688:
1395:
1132:
546:
447:
50:
2483:
1884:
7495:
7455:
7413:
7322:
7302:
7265:
7131:
7126:
7106:
7073:
6985:
6963:
6958:
6889:
6776:
6106:
6075:
5901:
5896:
5560:
5521:
5483:
5401:
5274:
5159:
5154:
4398:
3308:
3303:
3177:
2731:
2681:
2227:(in Azerbaijani). State Statistical Committee of Azerbaijan. 18 February 2019.
1730:
1104:
871:
502:
387:
335:
331:
327:
236:
17:
1232:
and other NATO states. All three South Caucasus countries are members of the
1120:
192:
179:
7403:
7367:
7173:
7168:
7121:
6869:
6684:
6553:
6212:
6186:
6116:
6094:
6087:
5871:
5648:
5582:
5478:
5301:
5284:
5169:
5164:
5138:
4896:
3491:
3430:
3413:
3337:
3291:
3271:
3244:
3126:
3055:
3010:
2825:
2442:
985:
733:
725:
514:
483:
471:
443:
371:
39:
1074:
that followed after the 1826-1828 war, Iran lost all of what is modern-day
999:
dominated most of the South Caucasus. The region was then conquered by the
3784:
Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf (CCASG / GCC)
1946:
Wright, John; Schofield, Richard; Goldenberg, Suzanne (16 December 2003).
1058:
that followed after the 1804-1813 war, Iran was forced to cede modern-day
774:
Contemporary political map of the Caucasus (including unrecognized states)
7339:
7297:
7292:
7205:
7185:
7178:
7029:
7007:
6899:
6884:
6879:
6864:
6756:
6080:
5685:
5621:
5592:
5502:
5461:
5269:
5249:
4558:
3499:
3461:
3153:
3109:
3080:
3063:
2977:
1776:
1059:
1043:
875:
835:
783:
538:
399:
266:
2703:
7500:
7485:
7470:
7450:
7445:
7371:
7287:
7230:
7200:
7156:
7151:
7146:
7141:
6995:
6968:
6894:
6816:
6791:
6751:
6746:
6052:
5790:
5680:
5638:
5526:
5338:
5333:
5262:
3651:
3610:
3453:
3418:
3234:
2289:
2273:
1806:
1674:
1116:
1100:
1083:
1075:
977:
973:
925:
became the dominant religion in the region. However, after the rise of
890:
831:
760:
745:
506:
494:
439:
403:
379:
345:
223:
2110:
Heretics and Colonizers: Forging Russia's Empire in the South Caucasus
7510:
7465:
7440:
7190:
7039:
7002:
6911:
6849:
6761:
6704:
6688:
6558:
5662:
5616:
5323:
5310:
4140:
3213:
3099:
2992:
2186:Խորհրդային Հայաստանի բնակչությունը վերջին հարյուրամյակում (1831-1931)
1713:
1666:
1229:
1124:
894:
803:
799:
729:
534:
435:
431:
419:
314:
6653:
2747:
418:
and their lowlands, straddling the border between the continents of
2134:
1681:
are located, is one of the native areas of the wine-producing vine
533:. It remains one of the most politically tense regions in the post-
7553:
6466:
6409:
6304:
5848:
5146:
5130:
4109:
3526:
3165:
3160:
3104:
2274:"Demographic and Ethnographic Changes in Transcaucasia, 1897-1956"
1228:. Azerbaijan relies less on Russia, strategically partnering with
1142:
989:
777:
769:
764:
749:
737:
2091:
An Atlas of Russian History: Eleven Centuries of Changing Borders
1030:
After two wars in the first half of the 19th century, namely the
874:
had to irrevocably cede the region (alongside its territories in
27:
Geographical region on the border of Eastern Europe and West Asia
7282:
5443:
4474:
2793:
2762:
2191:
The population of Soviet Armenia in the last century (1831–1931)
1678:
1213:
1173:
in the form of the three separate Soviet Socialist Republics of
1112:
795:
741:
728:, a Greek historian who is known as 'the Father of History' and
530:
451:
423:
301:
6657:
5103:
4113:
2766:
2583:"'World's oldest wine' found in 8,000-year-old jars in Georgia"
1267:
requirements and that the country may apply for EU membership.
1263:
passed a resolution confirming Armenia meets Maastricht Treaty
2711:
2586:
2019:"Caucasus and Iran" in Encyclopaedia Iranica, Multiple Authors
522:
44:
2197:(in Armenian). Yerevan: Pethrat. p. 167. Archived from
1135:
as its most south-westerly territory in the South Caucasus.
545:. Between 1878 and 1917, the Russian-controlled province of
4480:
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE)
2717:
Caucasus Analytical Digest – Journal on the South Caucasus
2135:"European Commission Recommends EU Candidacy for Georgia"
1212:
into wider European society by opening up relations with
426:, and extending southwards from the southern part of the
3799:
South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)
454:
in the east. The area includes the southern part of the
1131:, joined to this unit, and established the province of
2462:
UNFPA, National Statistics Office of Georgia (Geostat)
972:
In the middle of the 8th century, with the capture of
588:
497:
is in the South Caucasus; the majority of present-day
2708:– a multilingual online journal on the South Caucasus
2329:"Приложение. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1939 года"
707:
653:
414:
The South Caucasus spans the southern portion of the
1054:, severing historic regional ties with Iran. By the
613:
7531:
7353:
7221:
7087:
6840:
6695:
6567:
6544:
6511:
6475:
6408:
6302:
6210:
6201:
6130:
6051:
5857:
5661:
5442:
5400:
5309:
5300:
5248:
5205:
5145:
4995:
4877:
4811:
4696:
4665:
4614:
4500:
4432:
4381:
4271:
4239:
4160:
4151:
4033:
3976:
3919:
3895:
3820:
3741:
3673:
3632:
3550:
3490:
3452:
3429:
3399:
3390:
3350:
3270:
3054:
2963:
2954:
2874:
2849:
2813:
2804:
2420:"Приложение. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г."
2403:"Приложение. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1979 г."
2354:"Приложение. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1959 г."
2014:
2012:
1665:The South Caucasus, in particular where modern-day
1185:. All three regained independence in 1991 when the
1164:
Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic
378:. The South Caucasus roughly corresponds to modern
341:
323:
208:
171:
151:
75:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
36:
Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic
4492:Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation
3794:Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP)
2758:. Vol. 27 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 172.
2443:Information from the 2001 Armenian National Census
2058:
1705:BC, while wine found in Georgia has been dated to
557:) were also incorporated into the South Caucasus.
2722:Transcaucasia (The Columbia Encyclopedia article)
2742:. Vol. 23 (9th ed.). pp. 513–515.
1082:war, the Ottomans ceded Western Georgia (except
984:, most of the South Caucasus became part of the
390:, which are sometimes collectively known as the
2061:The Ghost of Freedom: A History of the Caucasus
537:area, and contains two heavily disputed areas:
4450:Collective Security Treaty Organisation (CSTO)
3779:Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO)
3754:Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)
1255:issued an official recommendation to grant EU
623:
6669:
5115:
4673:Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA)
4125:
2778:
1787:Community for Democracy and Rights of Nations
1162:from 9 April 1918 to 26 May 1918, and as the
1160:Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic
32:Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic
8:
1977:. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz. p. 108.
1915:
1913:
1911:
366:, is a geographical region on the border of
163:1994 map of Caucasus region prepared by the
1298:Historical population of the South Caucasus
565:Nowadays, the region is referred to as the
6676:
6662:
6654:
6207:
5306:
5122:
5108:
5100:
4817:
4624:
4620:
4391:
4387:
4357:Sovereign states and dependent territories
4277:
4157:
4132:
4118:
4110:
3923:
3830:
3826:
3683:
3679:
3396:
2960:
2884:
2880:
2810:
2785:
2771:
2763:
1294:
1042:conquered most of the South Caucasus (and
684:. Other, rarer forms of this word include
148:
4475:North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO)
2107:Breyfogle, Nicholas Brenton (June 2005).
992:spread throughout the region. Later, the
135:Learn how and when to remove this message
4440:Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
3774:Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)
2639:Spilling, Michael; Wong, Winnie (2008).
2620:(5). Archaeological Institute of America
2517:
2515:
2513:
2245:
2243:
1286:
1274:
1166:from 12 March 1922 to 5 December 1936.
929:and conversion of Caucasian kingdoms to
889:Ancient kingdoms of the region included
4213:Crisis situations and unrest since 2000
3804:Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO)
3764:Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO)
1849:
291:
4688:European Free Trade Association (EFTA)
1995:. Ashgate Publishing Ltd. p. 44.
1283:in the countries of the South Caucasus
2267:
2265:
2263:
2261:
2259:
2257:
2255:
2219:
2217:
2215:
2213:
2211:
2178:
2176:
2174:
2172:
2170:
1975:Assyrian Royal Inscriptions: Volume I
870:. In the course of the 19th century,
7:
1095:In 1844, what comprises present-day
962:Arsacid dynasty of Caucasian Albania
886:of that century to Imperial Russia.
73:adding citations to reliable sources
4554:European Union Customs Union (EUCU)
4537:European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP)
2643:. Marshall Cavendish. p. 128.
2065:. Oxford University Press. p.
1885:"The Caucasus: Troubled borderland"
4683:Eurasian Economic Community (EAEC)
4460:European Political Community (EPC)
3759:Bay of Bengal Initiative (BIMSTEC)
2225:"Azərbaycanda dеmоqrаfik vəziyyət"
1812:EU Strategy for the South Caucasus
658:). The former name of the region,
25:
402:geographical region that divides
6630:
6629:
5962:West South Central United States
4168:Bibliography of European history
2284:(1). Middle East Institute: 48.
1883:Mulvey, Stephen (16 June 2000).
1761:
1747:
1733:
307:
294:
272:
259:
242:
229:
216:
157:
49:
6177:Latin America and the Caribbean
6043:Latin America and the Caribbean
4835:Social (and financial) rankings
4637:Financial (and social) rankings
4547:Euronest Parliamentary Assembly
3749:Asia Cooperation Dialogue (ACD)
2561:Ellsworth, Amy (18 July 2012).
2542:pg 15 Simon & Schuster 1989
1864:. Library of Congress. May 2006
1246:Euronest Parliamentary Assembly
1204:in 2004, the country, like the
486:and the eastern portion of the
348:(5,203 metres (17,070 ft))
60:needs additional citations for
34:. For the Soviet republic, see
4455:Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU)
3789:Mekong–Ganga Cooperation (MGC)
3769:Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU)
2641:Cultures of The World: Georgia
2036:. ABC-CLIO. pp. 728–730.
1240:, and participate in the EU's
1220:. Armenia continues to foster
794:Located on the peripheries of
635:
1:
4678:Eurasian Customs Union (EACU)
1717:
1706:
1699:
1692:
1036:Russo-Persian War (1826-1828)
1032:Russo-Persian War (1804-1813)
398:together comprise the larger
255:Partially recognized country:
5644:Middle East and North Africa
5349:Middle East and North Africa
4532:European Economic Area (EEA)
3002:Middle East and North Africa
2728:Kropotkin, Peter Alexeivitch
2113:. Cornell University Press.
1973:Albert Kirk Grayson (1972).
1238:European Political Community
968:Middle ages and Russian rule
662:is a Latin rendering of the
4404:International organisations
4231:Russian invasion of Ukraine
3380:Northern and southern China
708:
654:
614:
589:
458:mountain range, the entire
38:. For the plant genus, see
30:For the 1918 republic, see
7681:
5937:Northeastern United States
4795:Electricity use per capita
4302:Largest metropolitan areas
2540:Vintage: The Story of Wine
1723:BC, was found in Armenia.
1156:fall of the Russian Empire
954:Arsacid dynasty of Armenia
374:, straddling the southern
29:
7609:
6625:
5056:
4820:
4780:Health expense per capita
4627:
4623:
4394:
4390:
4280:
4066:
3926:
3838:Countries by average wage
3833:
3829:
3686:
3682:
2914:Countries and territories
2887:
2883:
2682:10.1163/1573384X-20220407
2563:"7,000 Year-old Wine Jar"
2183:Korkotyan, Zaven (1932).
1952:. Routledge. p. 72.
1949:Transcaucasian Boundaries
1817:Ibero-Caucasian languages
1393:
1109:1877-78 Russo-Turkish War
958:Arsacid dynasty of Iberia
882:) as a result of the two
697:
671:
643:
624:
606:
578:
156:
6418:Antarctic/Southern Ocean
5422:Transantarctic Mountains
5010:Childhood population (%)
4745:GNI (nominal) per capita
4227:hybrid variant (2020-22)
3056:Intracontinental regions
2965:Transcontinental regions
2608:Berkowitz, Mark (1996).
1755:Georgia (country) portal
1251:On 8 November 2023, the
1224:, while also developing
6167:Caribbean South America
4445:Council of Europe (CoE)
4424:Transatlantic relations
3331:Maritime Southeast Asia
3326:Mainland Southeast Asia
2755:Encyclopædia Britannica
2739:Encyclopædia Britannica
2610:"World's Earliest Wine"
2272:Pipes, Richard (1959).
1989:German, Tracey (2012).
1926:Encyclopædia Britannica
1828:Peoples of the Caucasus
1802:Eurasian Economic Union
7645:Geography of West Asia
7594:Eastern Slovak Lowland
7589:Little Hungarian Plain
6732:Scandinavian Peninsula
5947:Southern United States
5750:Scandinavian Peninsula
3843:Countries by GDP (PPP)
3606:Philippine Archipelago
3577:Indonesian Archipelago
3272:Continental subregions
2161:www.europarl.europa.eu
2057:King, Charles (2008).
2030:Dowling, T.C. (2014).
1797:Eastern European Group
1292:
1284:
1187:Soviet Union dissolved
1151:
791:
782:Administrative map of
775:
767:religion in Caucasus.
598:
442:borders, and from the
7584:Great Hungarian Plain
7569:Pontic–Caspian steppe
6423:Antarctic Convergence
5967:Western United States
4785:Military spending (%)
4775:Unemployment rate (%)
4520:free trade agreements
4285:Areas and populations
3592:Greater Sunda Islands
3515:Indochinese Peninsula
2749:"Transcaucasia"
2733:"Transcaucasia"
2670:Iran and the Caucasus
2095:Yale University Press
1290:
1278:
1222:relations with Russia
1146:
1072:Treaty of Turkmenchay
949:) on the other side.
781:
773:
193:42.26111°N 44.12111°E
165:U.S. State Department
7097:North European Plain
5489:Greater Central Asia
4790:Urban population (%)
4750:GNI (PPP) per capita
4295:European microstates
3597:Lesser Sunda Islands
3560:Japanese Archipelago
3439:Arabian subcontinent
3183:Greater Central Asia
2907:urban agglomerations
1920:Solomon Ilich Bruk.
462:mountain range, the
428:Main Caucasian Range
69:improve this article
7069:East European Plain
6905:Carpathian Ruthenia
6635:Continents of Earth
6162:Brazilian Highlands
5571:Indian subcontinent
5432:Antarctic Peninsula
5230:Southern Hemisphere
5225:Northern Hemisphere
4770:Press Freedom Index
4697:Sovereign states by
4542:Eastern Partnership
4178:Classical antiquity
3691:Heads of government
3500:Anatolian Peninsula
3444:Indian subcontinent
3285:Soviet Central Asia
3064:Anatolia/Asia Minor
2998:Greater Middle East
2988:Mediterranean world
2278:Middle East Journal
2204:on 2 February 2022.
1301:
1261:European Parliament
1253:European Commission
1242:Eastern Partnership
1149:Eastern Partnership
1068:Azerbaijan Republic
1050:) from the Iranian
812:Neo-Assyrian Empire
636:samkhret k'avk'asia
493:All of present-day
446:in the west to the
189: /
7383:Tuscan Archipelago
7261:Cotentin Peninsula
6850:Danubian countries
6450:Great Barrier Reef
6071:Mainland Australia
5779:Apennine Peninsula
5240:Western Hemisphere
5215:Eastern Hemisphere
4909:Capital of Culture
4760:Internet users (%)
4652:Telecommunications
4419:Post-Soviet Europe
4257:predecessor states
3620:Mergui Archipelago
3542:Shandong Peninsula
3537:Liaodong Peninsula
3032:Indian Ocean world
3022:Indo-Mediterranean
2897:metropolitan areas
2857:Military conflicts
2821:Indian Ocean trade
2589:. 13 November 2011
2464:. 29 November 2017
2292:– via JSTOR.
1862:The World Factbook
1833:Post-Soviet states
1400:Russian Revolution
1295:
1293:
1285:
1194:Russo-Georgian War
1152:
1070:to Russia. By the
1066:, and most of the
1056:Treaty of Gulistan
997:Kingdom of Georgia
994:Orthodox Christian
980:armies during the
884:Russo-Persian Wars
792:
776:
549:and the county of
468:Kura-Aras Lowlands
416:Caucasus Mountains
376:Caucasus Mountains
198:42.26111; 44.12111
7665:Regions of Europe
7622:
7621:
7614:Regions of Europe
7378:Italian Peninsula
7271:Upper Rhine Plain
6651:
6650:
6531:Mediterranean Rim
6404:
6403:
6343:Mediterranean Sea
6197:
6196:
6150:Amazon Rainforest
5977:Canadian Prairies
5942:Pacific Northwest
5803:Iberian Peninsula
5588:Arabian Peninsula
5415:Antarctic Plateau
5175:Three/Four Worlds
5097:
5096:
5052:
5051:
4807:
4806:
4803:
4802:
4666:Intergovernmental
4610:
4609:
4606:
4605:
4564:Foreign relations
4465:GUAM Organization
4433:Intergovernmental
4377:
4376:
4290:Countries by area
4267:
4266:
4218:COVID-19 pandemic
4107:
4106:
4029:
4028:
3915:
3914:
3911:
3910:
3816:
3815:
3812:
3811:
3742:Intergovernmental
3706:political parties
3669:
3668:
3665:
3664:
3628:
3627:
3572:Malay Archipelago
3532:Leizhou Peninsula
3505:Arabian Peninsula
3477:Mongolian Plateau
3462:Anatolian Plateau
3346:
3345:
3260:Russian Turkestan
3255:Chinese Turkestan
2902:tallest buildings
2870:
2869:
2705:Caucasian Journal
2650:978-0-7614-3033-9
2522:But was it plonk?
2137:. 8 November 2023
2043:978-1-59884-948-6
1838:Regions of Europe
1741:Azerbaijan portal
1712:BC. The earliest
1658:
1657:
1234:Council of Europe
1111:, Russia annexed
911:Achaemenid Empire
706:
652:
612:
587:
571:Southern Caucasia
488:Armenian Highland
352:
351:
145:
144:
137:
119:
16:(Redirected from
7672:
7554:Slavic countries
7395:Aegadian Islands
7211:Germania Slavica
7079:Cap of the North
7013:Greater Caucasus
6979:Karelian Isthmus
6922:Sambia Peninsula
6832:Cap of the North
6678:
6671:
6664:
6655:
6633:
6632:
6612:Global Southwest
6607:Global Southeast
6597:Global Northwest
6592:Global Northeast
6582:Global Heartland
6526:Indian Ocean Rim
6208:
6100:Island Melanesia
5791:Balkan Peninsula
5566:Himalayan states
5513:Russian Far East
5307:
5235:Water Hemisphere
5124:
5117:
5110:
5101:
5072:
5065:
4818:
4642:Free trade areas
4625:
4621:
4392:
4388:
4278:
4158:
4134:
4127:
4120:
4111:
4082:
4075:
3924:
3903:Property markets
3868:renewable energy
3848:Countries by HDI
3831:
3827:
3684:
3680:
3527:Korean Peninsula
3510:Indian Peninsula
3397:
3250:Afghan Turkestan
3202:Global Southeast
3193:Greater Khorasan
3171:Russian Far East
3144:Greater Mongolia
2961:
2885:
2881:
2811:
2787:
2780:
2773:
2764:
2759:
2751:
2743:
2735:
2693:
2655:
2654:
2636:
2630:
2629:
2627:
2625:
2605:
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2598:
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2594:
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2573:
2572:
2558:
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2536:
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2350:
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2325:
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2250:
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2098:
2087:
2081:
2080:
2064:
2054:
2048:
2047:
2027:
2021:
2016:
2007:
2006:
1986:
1980:
1978:
1970:
1964:
1963:
1943:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1932:
1917:
1906:
1905:
1898:
1896:
1880:
1874:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1854:
1771:
1766:
1765:
1764:
1757:
1752:
1751:
1750:
1743:
1738:
1737:
1736:
1722:
1719:
1711:
1708:
1704:
1701:
1697:
1694:
1302:
1299:
1257:candidate status
1226:ties with the EU
982:Arab–Khazar wars
943:Byzantine Empire
935:bitter conflicts
931:the new religion
711:
701:
699:
675:
664:Russian-language
657:
647:
645:
637:
634:
627:
626:
625:სამხრეთ კავკასია
617:
611:romanized:
610:
608:
592:
590:Haravayin Kovkas
582:
580:
579:Հարավային Կովկաս
505:, including the
480:Lankaran Lowland
476:Talysh Mountains
464:Colchis Lowlands
456:Greater Caucasus
430:of southwestern
392:Caucasian States
358:, also known as
342:Highest mountain
313:
311:
310:
300:
298:
297:
278:
276:
275:
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149:
140:
133:
129:
126:
120:
118:
84:"South Caucasus"
77:
53:
45:
21:
7680:
7679:
7675:
7674:
7673:
7671:
7670:
7669:
7660:Regions of Asia
7625:
7624:
7623:
7618:
7605:
7579:Pannonian Basin
7564:Eurasian Steppe
7527:
7476:Opuntian Locris
7349:
7256:Channel Islands
7251:English Channel
7217:
7083:
7057:Southern Russia
7052:Taman Peninsula
7035:European Russia
6944:Lithuania Minor
6917:Sloboda Ukraine
6836:
6812:Channel Islands
6807:English Channel
6787:Gulf of Finland
6782:Gulf of Bothnia
6691:
6682:
6652:
6647:
6621:
6563:
6540:
6507:
6471:
6400:
6389:South China Sea
6298:
6241:Central America
6193:
6126:
6047:
5999:Northern Mexico
5987:Northern Canada
5972:Atlantic Canada
5927:Mountain states
5853:
5708:European Russia
5701:Southern Russia
5657:
5610:Iranian Plateau
5438:
5427:West Antarctica
5410:East Antarctica
5396:
5296:
5244:
5220:Land Hemisphere
5201:
5141:
5128:
5098:
5093:
5075:
5068:
5061:
5048:
5032:Life expectancy
5020:genetic history
4991:
4926:Classical music
4873:
4862:Bologna Process
4825:Ages of consent
4799:
4709:Budget revenues
4692:
4661:
4602:
4496:
4428:
4373:
4263:
4235:
4193:Early modernity
4147:
4138:
4108:
4103:
4085:
4078:
4071:
4062:
4058:Pacific Century
4046:Chinese Century
4025:
3972:
3956:Life expectancy
3907:
3891:
3885:high-speed rail
3858:Stock exchanges
3808:
3737:
3661:
3624:
3611:Visayan Islands
3546:
3520:Malay Peninsula
3486:
3482:Tibetan Plateau
3472:Iranian Plateau
3448:
3425:
3401:Supercontinents
3386:
3342:
3266:
3223:Southern Levant
3137:Outer Manchuria
3132:Northeast China
3050:
2950:
2866:
2845:
2800:
2791:
2746:
2726:
2700:
2667:
2664:
2662:Further reading
2659:
2658:
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2457:
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2452:
2448:
2441:
2437:
2427:
2425:
2423:Демоскоп Weekly
2418:
2417:
2413:
2406:Демоскоп Weekly
2401:
2400:
2396:
2386:
2384:
2382:Демоскоп Weekly
2376:
2375:
2371:
2361:
2359:
2357:Демоскоп Weekly
2352:
2351:
2347:
2337:
2335:
2333:Демоскоп Weekly
2327:
2326:
2322:
2312:
2310:
2308:Демоскоп Weekly
2302:
2301:
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2270:
2253:
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2222:
2209:
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2138:
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2121:
2106:
2105:
2101:
2089:Allen F. Chew.
2088:
2084:
2077:
2056:
2055:
2051:
2044:
2029:
2028:
2024:
2017:
2010:
2003:
1988:
1987:
1983:
1972:
1971:
1967:
1960:
1945:
1944:
1940:
1930:
1928:
1922:"Transcaucasia"
1919:
1918:
1909:
1894:
1892:
1882:
1881:
1877:
1867:
1865:
1856:
1855:
1851:
1846:
1782:Caucasus Greeks
1767:
1762:
1760:
1753:
1748:
1746:
1739:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1720:
1709:
1702:
1695:
1663:
1396:First World War
1297:
1281:life expectancy
1279:Development of
1273:
1202:Rose Revolution
1147:Members of the
1141:
970:
941:(and later the
921:, during which
919:Sassanid Empire
915:Parthian Empire
864:Russian Empires
723:
718:
629:
563:
460:Lesser Caucasus
412:
319:
308:
306:
295:
293:
290:
289:
284:
273:
271:
260:
258:
253:
243:
241:
230:
228:
217:
215:
197:
195:
191:
188:
183:
180:
178:
176:
175:
167:
141:
130:
124:
121:
78:
76:
66:
54:
43:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7678:
7676:
7668:
7667:
7662:
7657:
7652:
7650:Eastern Europe
7647:
7642:
7637:
7635:South Caucasus
7627:
7626:
7620:
7619:
7617:
7616:
7610:
7607:
7606:
7604:
7603:
7598:
7597:
7596:
7591:
7586:
7576:
7571:
7566:
7561:
7559:European Plain
7556:
7551:
7546:
7541:
7535:
7533:
7529:
7528:
7526:
7525:
7520:
7515:
7514:
7513:
7508:
7506:Gulf of Chania
7503:
7498:
7493:
7488:
7483:
7478:
7473:
7468:
7463:
7461:Aegean Islands
7458:
7453:
7448:
7443:
7433:
7428:
7427:
7426:
7424:Meseta Central
7421:
7416:
7406:
7401:
7400:
7399:
7398:
7397:
7387:
7386:
7385:
7375:
7359:
7357:
7351:
7350:
7348:
7347:
7342:
7337:
7336:
7335:
7333:Meseta Central
7330:
7325:
7315:
7310:
7305:
7300:
7295:
7290:
7285:
7280:
7279:
7278:
7268:
7263:
7258:
7253:
7248:
7243:
7238:
7233:
7227:
7225:
7219:
7218:
7216:
7215:
7214:
7213:
7203:
7198:
7193:
7188:
7183:
7182:
7181:
7176:
7166:
7165:
7164:
7154:
7149:
7144:
7139:
7134:
7129:
7124:
7119:
7114:
7109:
7104:
7099:
7093:
7091:
7085:
7084:
7082:
7081:
7076:
7071:
7066:
7065:
7064:
7062:Kola Peninsula
7059:
7054:
7049:
7048:
7047:
7032:
7027:
7026:
7025:
7023:South Caucasus
7020:
7018:North Caucasus
7015:
7005:
7000:
6999:
6998:
6988:
6983:
6982:
6981:
6976:
6966:
6961:
6956:
6951:
6946:
6941:
6936:
6931:
6930:
6929:
6919:
6914:
6909:
6908:
6907:
6897:
6892:
6887:
6882:
6877:
6872:
6867:
6862:
6857:
6852:
6846:
6844:
6838:
6837:
6835:
6834:
6829:
6824:
6819:
6814:
6809:
6804:
6799:
6794:
6789:
6784:
6779:
6774:
6769:
6764:
6759:
6754:
6749:
6744:
6739:
6734:
6729:
6724:
6719:
6714:
6713:
6712:
6701:
6699:
6693:
6692:
6683:
6681:
6680:
6673:
6666:
6658:
6649:
6648:
6646:
6645:
6643:Physical Earth
6626:
6623:
6622:
6620:
6619:
6614:
6609:
6604:
6599:
6594:
6589:
6584:
6579:
6573:
6571:
6565:
6564:
6562:
6561:
6556:
6550:
6548:
6542:
6541:
6539:
6538:
6533:
6528:
6523:
6517:
6515:
6509:
6508:
6506:
6505:
6500:
6495:
6494:
6493:
6482:
6480:
6473:
6472:
6470:
6469:
6464:
6463:
6462:
6457:
6455:Mariana Trench
6452:
6442:
6437:
6435:Atlantic Ocean
6432:
6427:
6426:
6425:
6414:
6412:
6406:
6405:
6402:
6401:
6399:
6398:
6396:Southern Ocean
6393:
6392:
6391:
6386:
6384:East China Sea
6376:
6375:
6374:
6364:
6363:
6362:
6361:
6360:
6355:
6350:
6340:
6335:
6330:
6325:
6318:Atlantic Ocean
6315:
6309:
6307:
6300:
6299:
6297:
6296:
6295:
6294:
6289:
6279:
6278:
6277:
6272:
6262:
6257:
6252:
6251:
6250:
6245:
6244:
6243:
6238:
6223:
6217:
6215:
6205:
6199:
6198:
6195:
6194:
6192:
6191:
6190:
6189:
6179:
6174:
6169:
6164:
6159:
6154:
6153:
6152:
6147:
6136:
6134:
6128:
6127:
6125:
6124:
6122:Remote Oceania
6119:
6114:
6109:
6104:
6103:
6102:
6092:
6091:
6090:
6085:
6084:
6083:
6078:
6073:
6057:
6055:
6049:
6048:
6046:
6045:
6040:
6039:
6038:
6037:
6036:
6031:
6016:
6011:
6006:
6001:
5996:
5995:
5994:
5992:Western Canada
5989:
5984:
5982:Eastern Canada
5979:
5974:
5969:
5964:
5959:
5954:
5949:
5944:
5939:
5934:
5929:
5924:
5919:
5914:
5909:
5904:
5899:
5889:
5884:
5879:
5874:
5869:
5863:
5861:
5855:
5854:
5852:
5851:
5846:
5841:
5836:
5831:
5830:
5829:
5824:
5819:
5809:
5808:
5807:
5806:
5805:
5795:
5794:
5793:
5783:
5782:
5781:
5771:
5766:
5756:
5755:
5754:
5753:
5752:
5742:
5737:
5732:
5727:
5717:
5716:
5715:
5710:
5705:
5704:
5703:
5698:
5696:South Caucasus
5693:
5691:North Caucasus
5683:
5673:
5667:
5665:
5659:
5658:
5656:
5655:
5654:
5653:
5652:
5651:
5646:
5641:
5631:
5630:
5629:
5624:
5614:
5613:
5612:
5602:
5601:
5600:
5598:South Caucasus
5590:
5580:
5579:
5578:
5573:
5568:
5558:
5557:
5556:
5551:
5541:
5536:
5535:
5534:
5529:
5519:
5518:
5517:
5516:
5515:
5500:
5499:
5498:
5493:
5492:
5491:
5476:
5475:
5474:
5469:
5467:Aralkum Desert
5464:
5454:
5448:
5446:
5440:
5439:
5437:
5436:
5435:
5434:
5424:
5419:
5418:
5417:
5406:
5404:
5398:
5397:
5395:
5394:
5393:
5392:
5387:
5382:
5381:
5380:
5375:
5365:
5355:
5354:
5353:
5352:
5351:
5346:
5341:
5336:
5321:
5315:
5313:
5304:
5298:
5297:
5295:
5294:
5293:
5292:
5282:
5277:
5272:
5267:
5266:
5265:
5258:Africa-Eurasia
5254:
5252:
5246:
5245:
5243:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5227:
5222:
5217:
5211:
5209:
5203:
5202:
5200:
5199:
5198:
5197:
5192:
5187:
5182:
5172:
5167:
5162:
5157:
5151:
5149:
5143:
5142:
5129:
5127:
5126:
5119:
5112:
5104:
5095:
5094:
5092:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5074:
5073:
5066:
5058:
5057:
5054:
5053:
5050:
5049:
5047:
5046:
5041:
5040:
5039:
5029:
5024:
5023:
5022:
5012:
5007:
5001:
4999:
4993:
4992:
4990:
4989:
4975:
4970:
4969:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4948:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4922:
4921:
4919:film festivals
4911:
4906:
4901:
4900:
4899:
4894:
4883:
4881:
4875:
4874:
4872:
4871:
4870:
4869:
4864:
4854:
4849:
4848:
4847:
4837:
4832:
4827:
4821:
4815:
4809:
4808:
4805:
4804:
4801:
4800:
4798:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4772:
4767:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4741:
4740:
4730:
4729:
4728:
4718:
4717:
4716:
4706:
4700:
4698:
4694:
4693:
4691:
4690:
4685:
4680:
4675:
4669:
4667:
4663:
4662:
4660:
4659:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4634:
4628:
4618:
4612:
4611:
4608:
4607:
4604:
4603:
4601:
4600:
4595:
4594:
4593:
4583:
4578:
4577:
4576:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4550:
4549:
4544:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4523:
4522:
4517:
4506:
4504:
4502:European Union
4498:
4497:
4495:
4494:
4489:
4488:
4487:
4477:
4472:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4436:
4434:
4430:
4429:
4427:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4395:
4385:
4379:
4378:
4375:
4374:
4372:
4371:
4366:
4365:
4364:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4334:
4329:
4324:
4322:Extreme points
4319:
4317:Climate change
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4298:
4297:
4287:
4281:
4275:
4269:
4268:
4265:
4264:
4262:
4261:
4260:
4259:
4249:
4243:
4241:
4237:
4236:
4234:
4233:
4228:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4185:
4183:Late antiquity
4180:
4175:
4170:
4164:
4162:
4155:
4149:
4148:
4139:
4137:
4136:
4129:
4122:
4114:
4105:
4104:
4102:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4084:
4083:
4076:
4068:
4067:
4064:
4063:
4061:
4060:
4055:
4054:
4053:
4051:Indian Century
4048:
4037:
4035:
4031:
4030:
4027:
4026:
4024:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3982:
3980:
3974:
3973:
3971:
3970:
3969:
3968:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3927:
3921:
3917:
3916:
3913:
3912:
3909:
3908:
3906:
3905:
3899:
3897:
3893:
3892:
3890:
3889:
3888:
3887:
3882:
3872:
3871:
3870:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3834:
3824:
3818:
3817:
3814:
3813:
3810:
3809:
3807:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3776:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3745:
3743:
3739:
3738:
3736:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3709:
3708:
3698:
3696:Heads of state
3693:
3687:
3677:
3671:
3670:
3667:
3666:
3663:
3662:
3660:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3644:
3638:
3636:
3630:
3629:
3626:
3625:
3623:
3622:
3617:
3616:
3615:
3614:
3613:
3603:
3602:
3601:
3600:
3599:
3594:
3584:
3582:Maluku Islands
3569:
3568:
3567:
3565:Ryukyu Islands
3556:
3554:
3548:
3547:
3545:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3523:
3522:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3496:
3494:
3488:
3487:
3485:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3467:Deccan Plateau
3464:
3458:
3456:
3450:
3449:
3447:
3446:
3441:
3435:
3433:
3427:
3426:
3424:
3423:
3422:
3421:
3416:
3405:
3403:
3394:
3388:
3387:
3385:
3384:
3383:
3382:
3377:
3367:
3362:
3356:
3354:
3348:
3347:
3344:
3343:
3341:
3340:
3335:
3334:
3333:
3328:
3321:Southeast Asia
3318:
3317:
3316:
3306:
3301:
3300:
3299:
3297:Northeast Asia
3289:
3288:
3287:
3276:
3274:
3268:
3267:
3265:
3264:
3263:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3242:
3240:South Caucasus
3237:
3232:
3227:
3226:
3225:
3211:
3210:
3209:
3199:
3198:
3197:
3196:
3195:
3185:
3175:
3174:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3157:
3156:
3151:
3149:Inner Mongolia
3141:
3140:
3139:
3134:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3113:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3097:
3078:
3077:
3076:
3066:
3060:
3058:
3052:
3051:
3049:
3048:
3047:
3046:
3045:
3044:
3034:
3024:
3019:
3018:
3017:
3016:
3015:
3014:
3013:
2990:
2980:
2975:
2969:
2967:
2958:
2952:
2951:
2949:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2926:Extreme points
2923:
2922:
2921:
2911:
2910:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2888:
2878:
2872:
2871:
2868:
2867:
2865:
2864:
2859:
2853:
2851:
2847:
2846:
2844:
2843:
2838:
2836:Decolonisation
2833:
2828:
2823:
2817:
2815:
2808:
2802:
2801:
2792:
2790:
2789:
2782:
2775:
2767:
2761:
2760:
2744:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2699:
2698:External links
2696:
2695:
2694:
2676:(4): 418–424.
2663:
2660:
2657:
2656:
2649:
2631:
2600:
2574:
2553:
2544:
2531:
2509:
2500:
2475:
2446:
2435:
2411:
2394:
2369:
2345:
2320:
2295:
2251:
2239:
2230:
2207:
2166:
2148:
2126:
2119:
2099:
2082:
2076:978-0199884322
2075:
2049:
2042:
2022:
2008:
2002:978-1409407218
2001:
1981:
1965:
1958:
1938:
1907:
1875:
1848:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1841:
1840:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1822:North Caucasus
1819:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1792:Eastern Europe
1789:
1784:
1779:
1773:
1772:
1758:
1744:
1728:
1725:
1684:Vitis vinifera
1662:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1650:
1647:
1644:
1641:
1637:
1636:
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1323:
1319:
1318:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1272:
1269:
1218:European Union
1140:
1137:
1048:North Caucasus
1040:Russian Empire
969:
966:
947:Russian Empire
923:Zoroastrianism
880:North Caucasus
722:
719:
717:
714:
686:Trans-Caucasus
682:Transleithania
660:Transcaucasia,
655:Yuzhnyy Kavkaz
567:South Caucasus
562:
559:
555:Iğdır Province
411:
408:
396:North Caucasus
368:Eastern Europe
356:South Caucasus
350:
349:
343:
339:
338:
325:
321:
320:
318:
317:
304:
287:
286:
285:
283:
282:
269:
256:
239:
226:
212:
210:
206:
205:
173:
169:
168:
162:
154:
153:
152:South Caucasus
143:
142:
57:
55:
48:
26:
24:
18:Trans-Caucasus
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7677:
7666:
7663:
7661:
7658:
7656:
7653:
7651:
7648:
7646:
7643:
7641:
7638:
7636:
7633:
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7630:
7615:
7612:
7611:
7608:
7602:
7599:
7595:
7592:
7590:
7587:
7585:
7582:
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7580:
7577:
7575:
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7567:
7565:
7562:
7560:
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7555:
7552:
7550:
7547:
7545:
7542:
7540:
7537:
7536:
7534:
7530:
7524:
7521:
7519:
7518:Mediterranean
7516:
7512:
7509:
7507:
7504:
7502:
7499:
7497:
7494:
7492:
7489:
7487:
7484:
7482:
7479:
7477:
7474:
7472:
7469:
7467:
7464:
7462:
7459:
7457:
7454:
7452:
7449:
7447:
7444:
7442:
7439:
7438:
7437:
7434:
7432:
7431:Gibraltar Arc
7429:
7425:
7422:
7420:
7419:Baetic System
7417:
7415:
7412:
7411:
7410:
7407:
7405:
7402:
7396:
7393:
7392:
7391:
7390:Insular Italy
7388:
7384:
7381:
7380:
7379:
7376:
7373:
7369:
7366:
7365:
7364:
7361:
7360:
7358:
7356:
7352:
7346:
7343:
7341:
7338:
7334:
7331:
7329:
7328:Baetic System
7326:
7324:
7321:
7320:
7319:
7316:
7314:
7311:
7309:
7306:
7304:
7301:
7299:
7296:
7294:
7291:
7289:
7286:
7284:
7281:
7277:
7274:
7273:
7272:
7269:
7267:
7264:
7262:
7259:
7257:
7254:
7252:
7249:
7247:
7246:British Isles
7244:
7242:
7239:
7237:
7236:Low Countries
7234:
7232:
7229:
7228:
7226:
7224:
7220:
7212:
7209:
7208:
7207:
7204:
7202:
7199:
7197:
7194:
7192:
7189:
7187:
7184:
7180:
7177:
7175:
7172:
7171:
7170:
7167:
7163:
7162:Czech Silesia
7160:
7159:
7158:
7155:
7153:
7150:
7148:
7145:
7143:
7140:
7138:
7135:
7133:
7130:
7128:
7125:
7123:
7120:
7118:
7115:
7113:
7112:Alpine states
7110:
7108:
7105:
7103:
7100:
7098:
7095:
7094:
7092:
7090:
7086:
7080:
7077:
7075:
7072:
7070:
7067:
7063:
7060:
7058:
7055:
7053:
7050:
7046:
7045:Arctic Circle
7043:
7042:
7041:
7038:
7037:
7036:
7033:
7031:
7028:
7024:
7021:
7019:
7016:
7014:
7011:
7010:
7009:
7006:
7004:
7001:
6997:
6994:
6993:
6992:
6989:
6987:
6984:
6980:
6977:
6975:
6972:
6971:
6970:
6967:
6965:
6962:
6960:
6957:
6955:
6952:
6950:
6949:Nemunas Delta
6947:
6945:
6942:
6940:
6937:
6935:
6934:Curonian Spit
6932:
6928:
6925:
6924:
6923:
6920:
6918:
6915:
6913:
6910:
6906:
6903:
6902:
6901:
6898:
6896:
6893:
6891:
6888:
6886:
6883:
6881:
6878:
6876:
6873:
6871:
6868:
6866:
6863:
6861:
6858:
6856:
6853:
6851:
6848:
6847:
6845:
6843:
6839:
6833:
6830:
6828:
6827:Nemunas Delta
6825:
6823:
6822:Curonian Spit
6820:
6818:
6815:
6813:
6810:
6808:
6805:
6803:
6802:British Isles
6800:
6798:
6797:Faroe Islands
6795:
6793:
6790:
6788:
6785:
6783:
6780:
6778:
6775:
6773:
6770:
6768:
6765:
6763:
6760:
6758:
6755:
6753:
6750:
6748:
6745:
6743:
6740:
6738:
6735:
6733:
6730:
6728:
6725:
6723:
6720:
6718:
6715:
6711:
6710:Arctic Circle
6708:
6707:
6706:
6703:
6702:
6700:
6698:
6694:
6690:
6686:
6679:
6674:
6672:
6667:
6665:
6660:
6659:
6656:
6644:
6640:
6636:
6628:
6627:
6624:
6618:
6615:
6613:
6610:
6608:
6605:
6603:
6600:
6598:
6595:
6593:
6590:
6588:
6585:
6583:
6580:
6578:
6575:
6574:
6572:
6570:
6566:
6560:
6557:
6555:
6552:
6551:
6549:
6547:
6543:
6537:
6534:
6532:
6529:
6527:
6524:
6522:
6519:
6518:
6516:
6514:
6510:
6504:
6501:
6499:
6496:
6492:
6489:
6488:
6487:
6484:
6483:
6481:
6479:
6474:
6468:
6465:
6461:
6458:
6456:
6453:
6451:
6448:
6447:
6446:
6445:Pacific Ocean
6443:
6441:
6438:
6436:
6433:
6431:
6428:
6424:
6421:
6420:
6419:
6416:
6415:
6413:
6411:
6407:
6397:
6394:
6390:
6387:
6385:
6382:
6381:
6380:
6379:Pacific Ocean
6377:
6373:
6370:
6369:
6368:
6365:
6359:
6356:
6354:
6351:
6349:
6346:
6345:
6344:
6341:
6339:
6336:
6334:
6333:Caribbean Sea
6331:
6329:
6326:
6324:
6321:
6320:
6319:
6316:
6314:
6311:
6310:
6308:
6306:
6301:
6293:
6290:
6288:
6285:
6284:
6283:
6280:
6276:
6275:by population
6273:
6271:
6268:
6267:
6266:
6263:
6261:
6258:
6256:
6253:
6249:
6248:South America
6246:
6242:
6239:
6237:
6234:
6233:
6232:
6231:North America
6229:
6228:
6227:
6224:
6222:
6219:
6218:
6216:
6214:
6209:
6206:
6204:
6200:
6188:
6185:
6184:
6183:
6182:Southern Cone
6180:
6178:
6175:
6173:
6170:
6168:
6165:
6163:
6160:
6158:
6157:Andean States
6155:
6151:
6148:
6146:
6143:
6142:
6141:
6138:
6137:
6135:
6133:
6132:South America
6129:
6123:
6120:
6118:
6115:
6113:
6110:
6108:
6105:
6101:
6098:
6097:
6096:
6093:
6089:
6086:
6082:
6079:
6077:
6074:
6072:
6069:
6068:
6067:
6064:
6063:
6062:
6059:
6058:
6056:
6054:
6050:
6044:
6041:
6035:
6032:
6030:
6027:
6026:
6025:
6022:
6021:
6020:
6017:
6015:
6012:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
6000:
5997:
5993:
5990:
5988:
5985:
5983:
5980:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5968:
5965:
5963:
5960:
5958:
5955:
5953:
5950:
5948:
5945:
5943:
5940:
5938:
5935:
5933:
5930:
5928:
5925:
5923:
5920:
5918:
5915:
5913:
5910:
5908:
5905:
5903:
5900:
5898:
5895:
5894:
5893:
5890:
5888:
5885:
5883:
5880:
5878:
5875:
5873:
5870:
5868:
5865:
5864:
5862:
5860:
5859:North America
5856:
5850:
5847:
5845:
5842:
5840:
5837:
5835:
5832:
5828:
5825:
5823:
5822:Low Countries
5820:
5818:
5815:
5814:
5813:
5810:
5804:
5801:
5800:
5799:
5798:South-western
5796:
5792:
5789:
5788:
5787:
5786:South-eastern
5784:
5780:
5777:
5776:
5775:
5774:South-central
5772:
5770:
5767:
5765:
5764:Mediterranean
5762:
5761:
5760:
5757:
5751:
5748:
5747:
5746:
5743:
5741:
5738:
5736:
5733:
5731:
5730:British Isles
5728:
5726:
5723:
5722:
5721:
5718:
5714:
5711:
5709:
5706:
5702:
5699:
5697:
5694:
5692:
5689:
5688:
5687:
5684:
5682:
5679:
5678:
5677:
5674:
5672:
5669:
5668:
5666:
5664:
5660:
5650:
5647:
5645:
5642:
5640:
5637:
5636:
5635:
5632:
5628:
5627:Levantine Sea
5625:
5623:
5620:
5619:
5618:
5615:
5611:
5608:
5607:
5606:
5603:
5599:
5596:
5595:
5594:
5591:
5589:
5586:
5585:
5584:
5581:
5577:
5574:
5572:
5569:
5567:
5564:
5563:
5562:
5559:
5555:
5552:
5550:
5547:
5546:
5545:
5542:
5540:
5537:
5533:
5530:
5528:
5525:
5524:
5523:
5520:
5514:
5511:
5510:
5509:
5506:
5505:
5504:
5501:
5497:
5494:
5490:
5487:
5486:
5485:
5482:
5481:
5480:
5477:
5473:
5470:
5468:
5465:
5463:
5460:
5459:
5458:
5455:
5453:
5450:
5449:
5447:
5445:
5441:
5433:
5430:
5429:
5428:
5425:
5423:
5420:
5416:
5413:
5412:
5411:
5408:
5407:
5405:
5403:
5399:
5391:
5388:
5386:
5383:
5379:
5376:
5374:
5371:
5370:
5369:
5366:
5364:
5361:
5360:
5359:
5356:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5332:
5331:
5330:
5327:
5326:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5319:Mediterranean
5317:
5316:
5314:
5312:
5308:
5305:
5303:
5299:
5291:
5288:
5287:
5286:
5283:
5281:
5278:
5276:
5273:
5271:
5268:
5264:
5261:
5260:
5259:
5256:
5255:
5253:
5251:
5247:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5233:
5231:
5228:
5226:
5223:
5221:
5218:
5216:
5213:
5212:
5210:
5208:
5204:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5183:
5181:
5178:
5177:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5168:
5166:
5163:
5161:
5158:
5156:
5153:
5152:
5150:
5148:
5144:
5140:
5136:
5132:
5125:
5120:
5118:
5113:
5111:
5106:
5105:
5102:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5076:
5071:
5067:
5064:
5060:
5059:
5055:
5045:
5042:
5038:
5035:
5034:
5033:
5030:
5028:
5025:
5021:
5018:
5017:
5016:
5015:Ethnic groups
5013:
5011:
5008:
5006:
5003:
5002:
5000:
4998:
4994:
4987:
4983:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4953:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4942:
4939:
4937:
4934:
4932:
4929:
4927:
4924:
4920:
4917:
4916:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4889:
4888:
4885:
4884:
4882:
4880:
4876:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4859:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4846:
4843:
4842:
4841:
4838:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4822:
4819:
4816:
4814:
4810:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4756:
4753:
4751:
4748:
4746:
4743:
4739:
4736:
4735:
4734:
4731:
4727:
4724:
4723:
4722:
4721:GDP (nominal)
4719:
4715:
4712:
4711:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4701:
4699:
4695:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4670:
4668:
4664:
4658:
4655:
4653:
4650:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4629:
4626:
4622:
4619:
4617:
4613:
4599:
4596:
4592:
4589:
4588:
4587:
4586:Schengen Area
4584:
4582:
4579:
4575:
4572:
4571:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4539:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4521:
4518:
4516:
4513:
4512:
4511:
4508:
4507:
4505:
4503:
4499:
4493:
4490:
4486:
4483:
4482:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4437:
4435:
4431:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4396:
4393:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4380:
4370:
4367:
4363:
4362:by population
4360:
4359:
4358:
4355:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4328:
4325:
4323:
4320:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4296:
4293:
4292:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4282:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4270:
4258:
4255:
4254:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4244:
4242:
4238:
4232:
4229:
4226:
4223:
4219:
4216:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4165:
4163:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4150:
4146:
4142:
4135:
4130:
4128:
4123:
4121:
4116:
4115:
4112:
4100:
4097:
4095:
4092:
4090:
4087:
4086:
4081:
4077:
4074:
4070:
4069:
4065:
4059:
4056:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4043:
4042:
4041:Asian Century
4039:
4038:
4036:
4032:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3983:
3981:
3979:
3975:
3967:
3966:ethnic groups
3964:
3963:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3928:
3925:
3922:
3918:
3904:
3901:
3900:
3898:
3894:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3877:
3876:
3873:
3869:
3866:
3865:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3835:
3832:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3819:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3775:
3772:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3746:
3744:
3740:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3707:
3704:
3703:
3702:
3699:
3697:
3694:
3692:
3689:
3688:
3685:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3672:
3658:
3657:Tropical Asia
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3639:
3637:
3635:
3634:Biogeographic
3631:
3621:
3618:
3612:
3609:
3608:
3607:
3604:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3589:
3588:
3587:Sunda Islands
3585:
3583:
3580:
3579:
3578:
3575:
3574:
3573:
3570:
3566:
3563:
3562:
3561:
3558:
3557:
3555:
3553:
3549:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3521:
3518:
3517:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3497:
3495:
3493:
3489:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3459:
3457:
3455:
3451:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3436:
3434:
3432:
3431:Subcontinents
3428:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3411:
3410:
3407:
3406:
3404:
3402:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3389:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3372:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3357:
3355:
3353:
3349:
3339:
3336:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3323:
3322:
3319:
3315:
3312:
3311:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3298:
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3290:
3286:
3283:
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3258:
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3248:
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3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3224:
3221:
3220:
3219:
3215:
3212:
3208:
3207:Greater India
3205:
3204:
3203:
3200:
3194:
3191:
3190:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3180:
3179:
3176:
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3115:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3101:
3098:
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3090:Greater China
3088:
3087:
3086:
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3079:
3075:
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3067:
3065:
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2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2920:
2919:by population
2917:
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2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
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2557:
2554:
2551:Johnson pg 17
2548:
2545:
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2538:Hugh Johnson
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2122:
2120:0-8014-4242-7
2116:
2112:
2111:
2103:
2100:
2097:, 1967. pp 74
2096:
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2023:
2020:
2015:
2013:
2009:
2004:
1998:
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1985:
1982:
1976:
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1959:9781135368500
1955:
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1824:(Ciscaucasia)
1823:
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1769:Europe portal
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1211:
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1206:Baltic states
1203:
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1052:Qajar dynasty
1049:
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869:
868:Iranian world
865:
861:
857:
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849:
846:, successive
845:
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829:
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747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
720:
715:
713:
710:
704:
695:
691:
690:Transcaucasus
687:
683:
679:
674:
669:
665:
661:
656:
650:
641:
632:
621:
616:
604:
600:
599:Cənubi Qafqaz
596:
591:
585:
576:
572:
568:
560:
558:
556:
553:(present-day
552:
548:
544:
543:South Ossetia
540:
536:
532:
528:
527:citrus fruits
524:
520:
519:manganese ore
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
491:
489:
485:
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477:
473:
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389:
385:
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364:Transcaucasus
361:
360:Transcaucasia
357:
347:
344:
340:
337:
333:
329:
326:
322:
316:
305:
303:
292:
288:Related areas
281:
280:South Ossetia
270:
268:
257:
254:
251:
240:
238:
227:
225:
214:
213:
211:
207:
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174:
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139:
136:
128:
117:
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110:
107:
103:
100:
96:
93:
89:
86: –
85:
81:
80:Find sources:
74:
70:
64:
63:
58:This article
56:
52:
47:
46:
41:
37:
33:
19:
7436:Southeastern
7313:Gulf of Lion
7196:Transdanubia
7022:
6991:Southeastern
6974:East Karelia
6875:Transylvania
6742:Baltoscandia
6737:Fennoscandia
6722:Northwestern
6641: /
6639:List of seas
6637: /
6602:Global South
6587:Global North
6521:Atlantic Rim
6460:Ring of Fire
6440:Indian Ocean
6430:Arctic Ocean
6372:Persian Gulf
6367:Indian Ocean
6348:Adriatic Sea
6313:Arctic Ocean
6145:Amazon Basin
6140:Amazon Plain
6112:Near Oceania
5917:Mid-Atlantic
5867:Aridoamerica
5827:Northwestern
5740:Northwestern
5713:Southeastern
5695:
5605:Greater Iran
5597:
5544:Southeastern
5539:Pacific Asia
5508:Pacific Asia
5496:Northeastern
5452:Asia–Pacific
5195:Fourth World
5185:Second World
4997:Demographics
4956:Christianity
4904:Architecture
4857:Universities
4765:Minimum wage
4704:Average wage
4208:Pax Europaea
4203:World War II
3931:Demographics
3733:Pan-Asianism
3718:Human rights
3647:Indo-Pacific
3642:Eastern Asia
3552:Archipelagos
3409:Afro-Eurasia
3280:Central Asia
3239:
3188:Greater Iran
3095:China proper
3085:Pacific Asia
3074:South Arabia
3042:Pacific Asia
3027:Indo-Pacific
2973:Asia–Pacific
2956:Geopolitical
2753:
2737:
2704:
2673:
2669:
2640:
2634:
2622:. Retrieved
2617:
2613:
2603:
2591:. Retrieved
2577:
2566:
2556:
2547:
2539:
2534:
2527:Boston Globe
2525:
2503:
2491:. Retrieved
2487:
2478:
2466:. Retrieved
2461:
2449:
2438:
2426:. Retrieved
2422:
2414:
2405:
2397:
2385:. Retrieved
2381:
2372:
2360:. Retrieved
2356:
2348:
2336:. Retrieved
2332:
2323:
2311:. Retrieved
2307:
2298:
2281:
2277:
2233:
2199:the original
2190:
2185:
2160:
2151:
2139:. Retrieved
2129:
2109:
2102:
2090:
2085:
2060:
2052:
2032:
2025:
1991:
1984:
1974:
1968:
1948:
1941:
1929:. Retrieved
1925:
1901:
1900:
1893:. Retrieved
1888:
1878:
1866:. Retrieved
1861:
1852:
1682:
1664:
1652:
1633:
1614:
1595:
1576:
1557:
1538:
1522:
1503:
1487:
1471:
1454:
1438:
1419:
1394:
1387:
1368:
1334:
1296:
1271:Demographics
1250:
1199:
1191:
1171:Soviet Union
1168:
1153:
1094:
1087:
1029:
971:
951:
939:Roman Empire
927:Christianity
888:
793:
790:, 1957–1991.
724:
689:
685:
678:Transnistria
667:
659:
644:Южный Кавказ
615:Agyrt Kavkaz
607:Агырҭ Кавказ
570:
566:
564:
551:Surmalu uezd
492:
413:
391:
363:
359:
355:
353:
252:
146:
131:
122:
112:
105:
98:
91:
79:
67:Please help
62:verification
59:
7601:Macaronesia
7574:Wild Fields
7523:Alpide belt
7491:Peloponnese
7345:Alpide belt
7276:Upper Rhine
7117:Alpide belt
6939:Izium Trail
6927:Amber Coast
6767:West Nordic
6727:Scandinavia
6617:Global West
6577:Global East
6536:Pacific Rim
6478:waterbodies
6467:World Ocean
6292:New Zealand
6172:The Guianas
6061:Australasia
6004:West Indies
5932:New England
5912:Great Lakes
5882:Mesoamerica
5769:Middle East
5745:Scandinavia
5634:Middle East
5472:Caspian Sea
5378:Great Lakes
5358:Sub-Saharan
5344:Middle East
5207:Hemispheres
5190:Third World
5180:First World
5133:'s primary
5027:Immigration
4591:Visa policy
4574:enlargement
4470:Open Balkan
4409:Integration
4252:Sovereignty
4198:World War I
4188:Middle Ages
3360:Austronesia
3230:Mesopotamia
3122:Malay world
3037:Pacific Rim
3007:Middle East
2862:Sovereignty
2831:Imperialism
2614:Archaeology
2568:Penn Museum
1721: 4000
1716:, dated to
1710: 8000
1703: 5000
1696: 7400
1689:grape seeds
1464:1,050,633
1359:1,014,255
1311:Azerbaijan
1210:integrating
1133:Kars Oblast
1027:dynasties.
709:Transkavkaz
698:Транскавказ
595:Azerbaijani
547:Kars Oblast
448:Caspian Sea
196: /
172:Coordinates
7629:Categories
7496:Chalkidiki
7456:Aegean Sea
7414:Al-Andalus
7323:Al-Andalus
7303:Septimania
7266:Doggerland
7132:Westphalia
7127:Eastphalia
7107:Baltic Sea
7074:Ryn Desert
6986:Lokhaniemi
6964:Vyborg Bay
6959:Baltic Sea
6890:Bessarabia
6777:Baltic Sea
6358:Ionian Sea
6353:Aegean Sea
6323:Baltic Sea
6255:Antarctica
6107:Micronesia
6076:New Guinea
6034:Portuguese
5957:West Coast
5907:East Coast
5902:Bible Belt
5897:Appalachia
5576:Subregions
5484:Inner Asia
5402:Antarctica
5302:Continents
5275:Antarctica
5250:Landmasses
5160:Down Under
5155:Arab World
5139:subregions
5044:Retirement
4946:Philosophy
4941:Literature
4845:endangered
4738:per capita
4726:per capita
4714:per capita
4598:Statistics
4485:statistics
4399:Eurosphere
4173:Prehistory
4161:Chronology
4011:Philosophy
4001:Literature
3863:Technology
3853:Currencies
3492:Peninsulas
3370:Sinosphere
3365:Indosphere
3314:Subregions
3309:South Asia
3304:North Asia
3178:Inner Asia
2814:Chronology
2493:10 January
2488:armstat.am
2468:2 February
2141:7 February
1931:3 December
1858:"Caucasus"
1844:References
1653:15,654,658
1649:3,713,804
1646:8,922,000
1643:3,018,854
1634:15,157,711
1630:3,991,300
1627:7,953,400
1624:3,213,011
1621:1999–2002
1615:15,743,484
1611:5,400,841
1608:7,037,867
1605:3,304,776
1596:14,056,956
1592:4,993,182
1589:6,026,515
1586:3,037,259
1577:12,295,312
1573:4,686,358
1570:5,117,081
1567:2,491,873
1554:4,044,045
1551:3,697,717
1548:1,763,048
1519:3,540,023
1516:3,205,150
1513:1,282,338
1435:2,666,494
1432:2,314,571
1416:2,677,000
1413:1,863,000
1384:2,357,800
1381:2,353,700
1365:2,697,500
1362:2,278,245
1347:2,014,300
1331:1,919,400
1328:1,806,700
1265:Article 49
1179:Azerbaijan
1154:After the
1139:Modern era
1105:Azerbaijan
1062:, Eastern
960:, and the
917:, and the
872:Qajar Iran
808:Achaemenid
721:Prehistory
673:Закавказье
668:Zakavkazye
511:Nakhchivan
503:Azerbaijan
388:Azerbaijan
324:Time Zones
237:Azerbaijan
184:44°07′16″E
181:42°15′40″N
125:April 2022
95:newspapers
7655:West Asia
7404:Occitania
7368:Po Valley
7241:Northwest
7174:Pomerelia
7169:Pomerania
7122:Rhineland
6870:Wallachia
6554:Antarctic
6338:Irish Sea
6328:Black Sea
6287:Australia
6236:Caribbean
6213:continent
6187:Patagonia
6117:Polynesia
6095:Melanesia
6088:Zealandia
6066:Australia
5952:Southwest
5872:Caribbean
5649:Near East
5290:submerged
5285:Zealandia
5280:Australia
5170:Old World
5165:New World
5037:by region
4897:sculpture
4852:Tattooing
4840:Languages
4830:Etiquette
4733:GDP (PPP)
4657:Transport
4527:Education
4515:relations
4342:Mountains
4273:Geography
3951:Languages
3941:Etiquette
3936:Education
3875:Transport
3713:Democracy
3701:Elections
3414:Afro-Asia
3338:West Asia
3292:East Asia
3245:Turkestan
3127:Manchuria
3117:Indochina
3011:Near East
2941:Mountains
2876:Geography
2826:Silk Road
2690:254388941
1558:9,504,810
1539:9,000,000
1523:8,027,511
1504:7,110,000
1488:6,976,000
1472:6,775,000
1455:6,273,000
1439:5,861,529
1420:5,321,000
1388:5,705,282
1378:993,782
1369:5,990,000
1344:877,322
1335:4,524,953
1325:798,853
1127:from the
1080:1828-1829
986:Caliphate
828:Byzantine
824:Sassanian
734:Scythians
726:Herodotus
703:romanized
649:romanized
631:romanized
584:romanized
561:Etymology
484:Javakheti
450:coast of
444:Black Sea
410:Geography
372:West Asia
336:UTC+03:00
332:UTC+03:30
328:UTC+04:00
209:Countries
40:Astrantia
7640:Caucasus
7539:Germanic
7340:Pyrenees
7298:Brittany
7293:Normandy
7206:Germania
7186:Bukovina
7179:Kashubia
7030:Kabardia
7008:Caucasus
6900:Ruthenia
6885:Bukovina
6880:Moldavia
6865:Volhynia
6081:Tasmania
6029:Hispanic
5892:Northern
5839:Germanic
5817:Atlantic
5759:Southern
5720:Northern
5686:Caucasus
5622:Dead Sea
5593:Caucasus
5561:Southern
5554:Maritime
5549:Mainland
5522:Northern
5503:Far East
5462:Aral Sea
5385:Southern
5329:Northern
5079:Category
4982:Armorial
4951:Religion
4892:painting
4581:Politics
4559:Eurozone
4383:Politics
4369:Villages
4247:Military
4240:By topic
4145:articles
4089:Category
4016:Religion
3880:airports
3728:Military
3675:Politics
3454:Plateaus
3392:Physical
3352:Cultural
3154:Mongolia
3110:Xinjiang
3081:Far East
2978:Caucasus
2850:By topic
2841:Cold War
2798:articles
2730:(1888).
2593:26 April
1777:Caucasus
1727:See also
1640:2009–14
1429:880,464
1410:780,000
1407:1920–22
1375:1916–17
1314:Georgia
1308:Armenia
1216:and the
1208:, began
1129:Ottomans
1089:sektanty
1060:Dagestan
1044:Dagestan
1034:and the
1021:Afsharid
876:Dagestan
856:Afsharid
836:Abbassid
816:Parthian
784:Caucasus
620:Georgian
575:Armenian
539:Abkhazia
472:Qaradagh
440:Armenian
400:Caucasus
267:Abkhazia
7544:Romance
7532:Related
7501:Aetolia
7486:Megaris
7471:Boeotia
7451:Balkans
7446:Rumelia
7372:Padania
7308:Batavia
7288:Gascony
7231:Benelux
7201:Polesia
7157:Silesia
7152:Moravia
7147:Bohemia
7142:Lusatia
7137:Prussia
7089:Central
6996:Balkans
6969:Karelia
6895:Livonia
6860:Galicia
6855:Prussia
6817:Livonia
6792:Iceland
6752:Gotland
6747:Jutland
6685:Regions
6282:Oceania
6270:by area
6226:America
6203:Islands
6053:Oceania
5922:Midwest
5877:Central
5844:Romance
5812:Western
5681:Balkans
5676:Eastern
5671:Central
5639:Mashriq
5583:Western
5527:Siberia
5479:Eastern
5457:Central
5390:Western
5363:Central
5339:Mashriq
5334:Maghreb
5324:Saharan
5270:America
5263:Eurasia
5135:regions
5063:Outline
4978:Symbols
4966:Judaism
4931:Cuisine
4879:Culture
4867:Erasmus
4813:Society
4632:History
4616:Economy
4569:Members
4510:Economy
4347:Regions
4332:Islands
4327:Geology
4312:Climate
4153:History
4073:Outline
3996:Cuisine
3978:Culture
3920:Society
3896:Markets
3822:Economy
3652:Malesia
3419:Eurasia
3375:Nanyang
3235:Siberia
2931:Islands
2806:History
2624:25 June
2428:9 April
2387:9 April
2362:9 April
2338:9 April
2313:9 April
2290:4323084
1807:Eurovoc
1698:BC and
1675:Armenia
1671:Georgia
1183:Georgia
1175:Armenia
1117:Ardahan
1101:Armenia
1097:Georgia
1084:Adjaria
1076:Armenia
1064:Georgia
1046:in the
1017:Ottoman
1013:Safavid
978:Umayyad
976:by the
974:Derbend
907:Albania
903:Armenia
891:Colchis
862:), and
852:Safavid
848:Iranian
844:Ottoman
832:Umayyad
786:in the
765:Islamic
761:Mongols
746:Khazars
716:History
705::
694:Russian
651::
640:Russian
586::
507:exclave
499:Georgia
495:Armenia
436:Turkish
434:to the
404:Eurasia
384:Georgia
380:Armenia
362:or the
346:Shkhara
250:Georgia
224:Armenia
109:scholar
7549:Celtic
7511:Istria
7481:Phocis
7466:Attica
7441:Epirus
7409:Iberia
7318:Iberia
7191:Istria
7102:Baltic
7040:Arctic
7003:Crimea
6954:Baltic
6912:Donbas
6772:Baltic
6762:Ingria
6717:Nordic
6705:Arctic
6689:Europe
6569:Global
6559:Arctic
6498:Rivers
6476:Other
6410:Oceans
6265:Europe
6221:Africa
6014:French
5887:Middle
5849:Slavic
5834:Celtic
5735:Nordic
5725:Baltic
5663:Europe
5617:Levant
5311:Africa
5147:Worlds
5084:Portal
5005:Ageing
4914:Cinema
4647:Energy
4352:Rivers
4307:Cities
4143:
4141:Europe
4094:Portal
4034:Future
3991:Cinema
3961:People
3946:Health
3214:Levant
3100:Taiwan
3069:Arabia
2993:MENASA
2946:Rivers
2892:Cities
2796:
2688:
2647:
2288:
2193:]
2117:
2073:
2040:
1999:
1956:
1895:1 July
1868:7 July
1714:winery
1667:Turkey
1317:TOTAL
1236:, the
1230:Turkey
1125:Batumi
1103:, and
1038:, the
1009:Turkic
1005:Mongol
1001:Seljuk
956:, the
913:, the
899:Iberia
895:Urartu
840:Mongol
804:Turkey
800:Russia
759:, and
754:Seljuq
730:Strabo
622::
603:Abkhaz
535:Soviet
529:, and
478:, the
474:, the
466:, the
432:Russia
420:Europe
386:, and
315:Turkey
312:
299:
277:
264:
247:
234:
221:
111:
104:
97:
90:
82:
7363:Italy
7355:South
6757:Sápmi
6697:North
6546:Polar
6491:lists
6486:Lakes
6305:ocean
6024:Ibero
6019:Latin
6009:Anglo
5131:Earth
5070:Index
4986:Flags
4973:Sport
4961:Islam
4936:Dance
4337:Lakes
4222:Delta
4080:Index
4021:Sport
4006:Music
3218:Syria
3166:Korea
3161:Japan
3105:Tibet
2936:Lakes
2686:S2CID
2458:(PDF)
2286:JSTOR
2202:(PDF)
2195:(PDF)
2189:[
1979:§716.
1891:. BBC
1602:1989
1583:1979
1564:1970
1545:1959
1529:1956
1510:1939
1494:1933
1478:1932
1461:1931
1445:1929
1426:1926
1356:1914
1341:1908
1322:1897
1305:Year
1025:Qajar
990:Islam
860:Qajar
820:Roman
757:Turks
750:Arabs
738:Alani
666:word
116:JSTOR
102:books
7283:Gaul
7223:West
6842:East
6503:Seas
6260:Asia
5532:Ural
5444:Asia
5373:Horn
5368:East
5137:and
5089:Maps
4225:cron
4220:and
4099:Maps
2983:EMEA
2794:Asia
2645:ISBN
2626:2008
2595:2020
2495:2018
2470:2022
2430:2022
2389:2022
2364:2022
2340:2022
2315:2022
2143:2024
2115:ISBN
2071:ISBN
2038:ISBN
1997:ISBN
1954:ISBN
1933:2014
1897:2009
1889:News
1870:2009
1679:Iran
1677:and
1661:Wine
1398:and
1244:and
1214:NATO
1192:The
1181:and
1123:and
1121:Agri
1113:Kars
1023:and
988:and
945:and
905:and
802:and
796:Iran
788:USSR
742:Huns
688:and
680:and
541:and
531:wine
501:and
452:Iran
438:and
424:Asia
422:and
370:and
354:The
334:and
302:Iran
88:news
6687:of
6513:Rim
6303:By
6211:By
4887:Art
4755:HDI
4414:Law
3986:Art
3723:Law
2678:doi
2587:BBC
1248:.
1092:).
712:).
569:or
523:tea
515:oil
509:of
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