1401:
1061:
792:
1245:
42:
208:
1154:
1052:
averaging 19.0 g (0.67 oz), in males and 6.0 to 15.0 g (0.21 to 0.53 oz), averaging 10.0 g (0.35 oz), in females. Males are significantly larger than females. In 100 specimens collected in 1876, head length was 12.0 to 18.9 mm (0.47 to 0.74 in), averaging 14.8 mm (0.58 in); head width was 7 to 14.4 mm (0.28 to 0.57 in), averaging 9 mm (0.35 in), and tail length was 93 to 170 mm (3.7 to 6.7 in), averaging 117 mm.
944:
86:
61:
1181:(Coleoptera). Its prey is mostly mobile, rather than sedentary, which is consistent with the relatively high proportion of time it spends moving. Related skink species eat mostly insects, but island populations may often be more herbivorous. Animal prey averages 6.9 mm in volume, less than in most other
1680:
Colli, G.R., Fenker, J., Tedeschi, L., Bataus, Y.S.L., Uhlig, V.M., Silveira, A.L., da Rocha, C., Nogueira, C. de C., Werneck, F., de Moura, G.J.B., Winck, G., Kiefer, M., de
Freitas, M.A., Ribeiro Junior, M.A., Hoogmoed, M.S., Tinôco, M.S.T., Valadão, R., Cardoso Vieira, R., Perez Maciel, R., Gomes
1465:
The reptile is thought to be stable in terms of population trends and not under any threat of extinction. However, the climate is rapidly changing, so this could change at any point in time. Although environmental changes do not affect the species in particular, the density of the species is at risk
951:
The
Noronha skink is covered with light and dark spots above, but there is substantial variation in the precise colors. There are no longitudinal stripes. The scales on the underparts are yellowish or grayish. The eyelids are white to yellow. It has a small head with small nostrils, which are placed
1131:
is active during the day. Its body temperature averages 32 °C (90 °F), a few degrees higher than the environment temperature. During the day, body temperature peaks at up to 38 °C (100 °F) around midday and is lower earlier and later. In the early morning, the lizard may bask in
1051:
collected in 2006, snout to vent length was 80.6 to 103.1 mm (3.17 to 4.06 in), averaging 95.3 mm (3.75 in), in males and 65.3 to 88.1 mm (2.57 to 3.47 in), averaging 78.3 mm (3.08 in), in females and body mass was 10.2 to 26.0 g (0.36 to 0.92 oz),
1143:
While seated upon the bare rocks I have often observed these little animals watching me, apparently with as much curiosity as I watched them, turning their heads from side to side as if in an effort to be wise. If I kept quiet for a few minutes they would creep up to me and finally upon me; if I
1109:, but most often on rocks. Although predominantly ground-dwelling, it is a good climber. Nothing is known about its reproduction except that skinks studied in late October and early November, during the dry season, showed little evidence of reproductive activity. The Noronha skink is
1072:
The
Noronha skink is very abundant throughout Fernando de Noronha, even occurring commonly in houses, and also occurs on the smaller islands that surround the main island of the archipelago. Its abundance may be a result of the absence of ecologically similar competitors. Apart from
935:, which is still known from a single specimen, they believed that it is most likely the same species as the Noronha skink; it may be either a representative of an undiscovered Amazonian population of the latter or simply a mislabeled animal from Fernando de Noronha.
409:. It is covered with dark and light spots on the upperparts and is usually about 7 to 10 cm (3 to 4 in) in length. The tail is long and muscular, but breaks off easily. Very common throughout Fernando de Noronha, it is an opportunistic feeder, eating both
1439:
before 1888. Mausfeld and coworkers calculated that the journey from Africa to
Fernando de Noronha would take 139 days. Because this period seemed too long for the skink to survive, they proposed that the Noronha skink instead arrived via
1466:
of decreasing should the environment change drastically as well as if tourism trends or more invasive animals are introduced. Additionally, the urbanization of surrounding areas to the lizards habitat could be detrimental, therefore
1046:
Although there is substantial variation in measurements within the species, no discrete groups can be detected and it is not possible to separate the sexes unambiguously using measurements alone. Among 15 male and 21 female
1649:(the first use of a given combination of a genus and species name) are indicated by a dash between the name combination and the authority which first used the combination. No dash is used when the name is entirely new.
491:
in 1503, the island was said to be inhabited by "lizards with two tails", which is thought be a reference to the
Noronha skink. The tail is long and fragile, and it breaks easily, like that of many skinks and other
2469:
1681:
Faria, R., Recoder, R., Ávila, R., Torquato da Silva, S., de
Barcelos Ribeiro, S. & Avila-Pires, T.C.S. 2019. Trachylepis atlantica. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019: e.T120689136A134890404.
952:
far to the front at the sides of the head. The mouth contains small and conical teeth and a thin but well-developed tongue. The eyes are small and placed laterally and contain dark, rounded
597:
different, but that
Boulenger's examination of the type and the uncertainty of the type locality inclined him to favor the synonymy. In 2002, P. Mausfeld and D. Vrcibradic re-examined the
1210:
when visiting a flower. Pollination is rare behavior among lizards, but occurs most frequently in island species. Humans have introduced additional food sources to the island, including
3013:
748:. The next year, H. Travassos, disagreeing with Dunn and unaware of Andersson's and Schmidt's contributions, considered both of Gray's names to be synonymous and restored the name
2079:
Travassos, 1946, pp. 26–28; summarized in
Mausfeld and Vrcibradic, 2002, table 1; nomenclature from Avila-Pires, 1995, pp. 9–10; Schleich et al., 1996, p. 372
1658:
Mausfeld and
Vrcibradic, 2002, table 1, list the average tail length as 11 mm, an obvious error. The actual average tail length in Travassos's dataset is 117 mm.
2778:
2510:
Catalogue of the
Lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Second edition. Vol. III. Lacertidae, Gerrosauridae, Scincidae, Anelytropidae, Dibamidae, Chamaeleonidae
1258:
The Noronha skink probably lacked predators before Fernando de Noronha was discovered by humans, but several species that arrived since do prey on it, most commonly the
2539:
Amerigo Vespucci and the rat of Fernando de Noronha: a new genus and species of Rodentia (Muridae, Sigmodontinae) from a volcanic island off Brazil's continental shelf
1011:. There are 34 to 40 (mode 38) midbody scales (counted around the body midway between the fore- and hindlimbs), 58 to 69 (mode 63–64) dorsal, and 66 to 78 (mode 70)
2956:
808:; despite extensive attempts to correctly name the species, they were apparently the first to do so since Boulenger in 1887. Based on differences in the number of
1467:
1165:
and "thrives on anything edible". Analysis of stomach contents indicates that it mainly eats plant material, at least during the dry period, but it also feeds on
3076:
2982:
3046:
2930:
2748:
1310:), have also been observed to eat Noronha skinks, but the rodents, particularly the house mouse, may have been scavenging on already dead skinks.
804:
In 2002, P. Mausfeld and D. Vrcibradic published a note on the nomenclature of the Noronha skink informed by a re-examination of Gray's original
1228:, and even cookie crumbs given by tourists. The availability of these additional food sources may increase the abundance of the skink. In 1887,
2786:
2477:
1202:
by inserting their heads into the flowers. They probably use the nectar both for its sugar and water content. In this way, the skinks aid in
500:. However, when it does not completely break off, a new tail may nevertheless grow out of the broken part, so that the tail appears forked.
2040:
Carleton and Olson, 1999, p. 48; Rocha et al., 2009, p. 450; Gasparini et al., 2007, p. 31; Silva et al., 2005, p. 62
3071:
3061:
900:. Additional molecular phylogenetic studies published in 2003 and 2006 confirmed the relationship between the Noronha skink and African
964:. The hindlimbs are longer and stronger than the forelimbs, which are small. The tail is longer than the body and is muscular but very
2585:
Gasparini, J.L., Peloso, P.L. and Sazima, I. 2007. New opportunities and hazards brought by humans to the island habitat of the skink
917:
also belongs in the African clade, but they were unable to determine whether or not it is indigenous to Guyana. They also reviewed
585:(the Noronha skink) without comment, a position followed by H. Travassos with some doubt. The latter wrote that the description of
2392:
Whiting et al., 2006, pp. 721, 726; Mausfeld et al., 2002, pp. 282, 286; Carranza and Arnold, 2003, pp. 271, 281
1821:
Rocha et al., 2009, p. 450; Sazima et al., 2005, p. 2; Silva et al., 2005, p. 62; Sazima et al., 2005, p. 1
1023:
generally have fewer midbody scales (up to 34). There are 21 to 29 subdigital lamellae under the fourth toe, more than in
2649:
Schmidt, 1945, endemic to the Atlantic Ocean archipelago of Fernando de Noronha (Brazil): Necessity of partitioning the genus
1098:
702:(now spelled correctly) for the Noronha skink, noting that it was "apparently a very distinct species", but did not mention
3066:
2452:
356:
2904:
2401:
Mausfeld and Vrcibradic, 2002, p. 294; Carranza and Arnold, 2003, p. 277; Miralles et al., 2009, fig. 6
1370:, a teiid, was introduced to the island in 1960. Among nematodes, previous studies in 1956 and 1957 had only reported
85:
617:
and that its original locality may have been correct. Although it may represent a valid species of southern African
2987:
406:
3056:
2895:
1432:
760:
629:
264:
1453:
skinks form a clade that appears to be derived from a separate colonization from Africa. Both transatlantic
852:
578:
566:
538:
289:
276:
2088:
Dunn, 1935, p. 536; Mausfeld and Vrcibradic, 2002, pp. 293–294; Miralles et al., 2009, p. 65
1376:
1322:
1132:
the sun. During foraging, it spends about 28.4% of its time moving on average, a relatively high value for
2857:
2431:
Whiting et al., 2006, pp. 724–729; Mausfeld et al., 2002, pp. 285–287; Carranza and Arnold, 2003
1454:
725:
661:
513:
497:
330:
301:
197:
2909:
1682:
1328:
1502:
1436:
1400:
1144:
moved, they ran down the faces of the rocks, and turning, stuck their heads above the edges to watch me.
1028:
813:
763:, 1845, described from Peru, as synonyms of this species. In 1948, he acknowledged the preoccupation of
686:
557:
180:
2745:
1338:
555:" for the species, which was said to occur both on Fernando de Noronha and in Guyana. He also included
314:
957:
870:
species, as previously suggested on the basis of morphological similarities. They split the old genus
573:
on the basis of a specimen, purchased from a Mr. Parzudaki, which had been labeled as coming from the
3051:
1570:
1092:
984:
923:
913:
841:
796:
594:
471:
451:
365:
1344:
1275:
1082:
402:
343:
318:
216:
50:
1552:
1250:
1190:
1087:
1000:
996:
562:
446:
424:
419:
228:
80:
2835:
2644:
1423:, a position also supported by morphological similarities. It may have arrived on its island on
371:
2974:
2961:
1153:
975:
are important in distinguishing among species and groups of species. In the Noronha skink, the
2995:
2917:
2827:
Travassos, H.; 1948. Nota sobre a "Mabuya" da Ilha Fernando de Noronha (Squamata, Scincidae).
2782:
2719:
2598:
Catalogue of the slender-tongued saurians, with the description of many new genera and species
2473:
2049:
Dunn, 1935, p. 536; Mausfeld and Vrcibradic, 2002, p. 293; Finley, 1945, p. 164
1424:
1412:
980:
863:
856:
817:
574:
466:
456:
3023:
2708:
2616:
The systematic significance of the number of presacral vertebrae in the scincid lizard genus
1194:
blooms during the dry season, Noronha skinks climb up to 12 m (39 ft) to reach the
866:
genes, and showed that the species is more closely related to African than to South American
779:
remained in general usage for the Noronha skink in subsequent decades, though some have used
718:
for the Noronha skink. He wrote that the Noronha skink was very distinct from other American
3008:
3000:
1490:
1441:
1428:
1065:
976:
649:
509:
488:
442:
242:
791:
2752:
2643:
Mausfeld, P.; Schmitz, A.; Böhme, W.; Misof, B.; Vrcibradic, D.; and Duarte, C. F.; 2002.
2468:
Ananjeva, N. B.; Orlov, N. L.; Khalikov, R. G.; Darevsky, I. S.; and Barabanov, A.; 2006.
2100:
Travassos, 1946, pp. 26–28; summarized in Mausfeld and Vrcibradic, 2002, table 1
1646:
1207:
1060:
992:
972:
825:
809:
487:
In an early account of what may be Fernando de Noronha, purportedly based on a voyage by
2746:
Little dragons prefer flowers to maidens: A lizard that laps nectar and pollinates trees
2663:
2470:
The reptiles of northern Eurasia: taxonomic diversity, distribution, conservation status
1232:
observed Noronha skinks eating banana skins and yolk from doves' eggs. Several cases of
207:
2731:
Ecology and natural history of the easternmost native lizard species in South America,
2597:
1314:
1236:
have been reported, involving skinks eating eggs, juveniles, and the tail of an adult.
1012:
953:
805:
670:
435:
423:
tree, as well as other material ranging from cookie crumbs to eggs of its own species.
832:, they concluded that the two were not, after all, identical, and that Schmidt's name
459:, and other problems. The species is classified in the otherwise mostly African genus
3040:
2969:
2674:
1497:
1471:
1274:). These may negatively affect skink abundance at some localities on the island. The
1195:
1139:
A geologist who visited the island in 1876 noted that the skink is curious and bold:
1004:
821:
656:
610:
606:
70:
65:
17:
2836:
Comparing alignment methods for inferring the history of the new world lizard genus
943:
41:
2922:
2730:
2509:
2483:
1350:
1267:
1229:
1078:
2685:
2684:
Ramalho, A. C. O.; da Silva, R. J.; Schwartz, H. O.; and Péres, A. K., Jr.; 2009.
2528:
South American lizards in the collection of the American Museum of Natural History
1244:
2608:
2943:
2889:
2834:
Whiting, A. S.; Sites, J. W.; Pellegrino, K. C. M.; and Rodrigues, M. T.; 2006.
2675:
Descriptions of new species of Scincidae in the collection of the British Museum
2611:. London: published by order of the Trustees of the British Museum, 289 pp.
2512:. London: published by order of the Trustees of the British Museum, 575 pp.
1636:
Tschudi, 1845, not Linnaeus, 1758, or Gray, 1839; identity uncertain (see text).
1588:
1416:
1287:
1233:
1203:
965:
892:
461:
157:
2880:
2615:
2549:
2413:
Mausfeld et al., 2002, pp. 286–287; Carranza and Arnold, 2003, p. 281
706:, and in 1935, E.R. Dunn disputed Boulenger's conclusion as to the synonymy of
1408:
1122:
2609:
Catalogue of the specimens of lizards in the collection of the British Museum
1741:
Mausfeld and Vrcibradic, 2002, p. 293; Miralles et al., 2009, p. 57
698:
remains invalid regardless. In 1931, C.E. and M.D. Burt resurrected the name
2763:
2634:) endemic to the western Atlantic archipelago of Fernando de Noronha, Brazil
1435:, which passes Fernando de Noronha. This possibility was first suggested by
1333:
1303:
1295:
1217:
1110:
995:(behind the frontoparietals) are in contact with each other. There are four
431:
427:
97:
1457:
events are believed to have occurred within the last 9 million years.
960:(small projections) in front of the ears; these lobules are absent in true
896:
was correct instead, so that the Noronha skink is currently referred to as
2779:
Amphibians and reptiles of North Africa: biology, systematics, field guide
2729:
Rocha, C. F. D.; Vrcibradic, D.; Menezes, V. A.; and Ariani, C. V.; 2009.
820:
on the lower sides of the digits), and keels (longitudinal ridges) on the
2874:
1318:
1162:
859:
598:
533:
220:
137:
117:
2935:
2575:
2564:
2516:
1363:
1355:
1170:
1106:
531:, among many others. Six years later, he transferred both to the genus
394:
127:
2948:
1683:
https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T120689136A134890404.pt
1077:, the reptile fauna of Fernando de Noronha consists of the indigenous
1842:
Schmidt, 1945, p. 45; Mausfeld and Vrcibradic, 2002, p. 292
1449:
1419:
genes places the Noronha skink among the tropical African species of
1283:
1212:
1206:
the tree, as they acquire pollen on their scales and leave pollen on
1199:
1178:
1166:
1032:
543:
528:
493:
414:
410:
107:
2851:
2792:
2629:
2550:
Investigating the origin of transoceanic distributions: mtDNA shows
1313:
According to a 2006 study, the Noronha skink is infected by several
882:
for the African–Noronha clade, thus renaming the Noronha species to
2538:
2527:
2456:
2359:
Silva et al., 2005, p. 63; Gasparini et al., 2007, p. 32
1720:
Mausfeld and Vrcibradic, 2002, p. 293; Bauer, 2003, p. 4
1243:
1152:
1059:
875:
790:
714:
and, in apparent ignorance of Andersson's work, restored the name
398:
147:
2501:
Wagler 1830, and the generic assignment of Afro-Malagasy skinks.
445:
in 1503, it was first formally described in 1839. Its subsequent
1157:
Insects form an important part of the diet of the Noronha skink.
927:
because the older name was preoccupied by Linnaeus's and Gray's
476:
2855:
968:. It is nearly cylindrical in form and tapers towards the end.
736:
of Gray were not the same, but he noted Andersson's point that
2569:
Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia
2472:. Series faunistica 47. Pensoft Publishers, 245 pp.
1259:
1174:
987:(above and slightly behind the eyes) are not fused. Unlike in
824:(located on the upperparts), as well as the separation of the
2735:(Scincidae), from the Fernando de Noronha archipelago, Brazil
836:
should therefore be used. Mausfeld and Vrcibradic considered
2805:
Silva, J. M., Jr.; Péres, A. K., Jr.; and Sazima, I.; 2005.
1620:, which was first used by Ananjeva et al., 2006, p. 76.
2768:
visited and pollinated by vertebrates at an oceanic island
2070:
Dunn, 1935, p. 536; Miralles et al., 2009, p. 57
1444:, where a skink may have persisted into historical times.
1003:(immediately above the eyes, below the supraoculars). The
783:, "not ... aware of the last nomenclatural changes."
561:
O'Shaughnessy, 1874, purportedly from South Africa, as a
465:
and is thought to have reached its island from Africa by
2662:
Miralles, A.; Chaparro, J. C.; and Harvey, M. B.; 2009.
2554:
lizards (Reptilia, Scincidae) crossed the Atlantic twice
2517:
Notes on the fauna of the islands of Fernando de Noronha
1608:
Bauer, 2003, p. 5, corrected the generic name from
1007:(on the upperparts) have three keels, two fewer than in
613:. Therefore, they suggested that it was not the same as
931:. Although they were unable to resolve the identity of
577:, a location O'Shaughnessy considered "very doubtful".
947:
Noronha skinks are very common on Fernando de Noronha.
844:
differences, but were unable to resolve the status of
740:
was preoccupied and therefore introduced the new name
722:
and more similar in some respects to African species.
449:
history has been complex, riddled with confusion with
601:, which is the only known specimen. It is similar to
2777:
Schleich, H.-H.; Kästle, W.; and Kabisch, K.; 1996.
979:(located above the nose) are in contact, as are the
890:
had been incorrectly applied to this clade and that
2864:
2614:Greer, A. E.; Arnold, C.; and Arnold, E. N.; 2000.
2532:Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History
2484:Lizards of Brazilian Amazonia (Reptilia: Squamata)
1616:, but did not explicitly use the name combination
1366:lizards; it may have entered the archipelago when
1332:, is much rarer. Other rare parasites include two
999:(above the eyes) in almost all specimens and five
851:In the same year, Mausfeld and others conducted a
551:") and considered them identical, using the name "
840:to represent a different species on the basis of
680:for the skink of Fernando de Noronha. Linnaeus's
644:In 1900, L.G. Andersson claimed that Gray's name
1762:Mausfeld and Vrcibradic, 2002, pp. 292, 294
1248:The Noronha skink feeds on nectar from the tree
907:In 2009, Miralles and others reviewed the taxon
2010:Carranza and Arnold, 2003; Whiting et al., 2006
983:(behind the nose) in most individuals. The two
2762:Sazima, I.; Sazima, C.; and Sazima, M.; 2009.
2744:Sazima, I.; Sazima, C.; and Sazima, M.; 2005.
2698:) from Fernando de Noronha archipelago, Brazil
2664:Three rare and enigmatic South American skinks
1468:International Union for Conservation of Nature
1027:, which has 18. The Noronha skink has 26
800:has long been confused with the Noronha skink.
728:, in 1945, agreed with Dunn's conclusion that
2497:Linnaeus 1758, the type species of the genus
1604:
1602:
874:into four genera for geographically discrete
512:in 1839, based on two specimens collected by
8:
1404:View of Morro do Pico on Fernando de Noronha
508:The species was first formally described by
2816:Travassos, H.; 1946. Estudo da variação de
2036:
2034:
1883:Mausfeld and Vrcibradic, 2002, p. 294.
911:and concluded that the animal now known as
767:noted by Andersson and accordingly retired
219:, the island to which the Noronha skink is
2852:
2379:
2377:
2367:
2365:
1974:Mausfeld and Vrcibradic, 2002, p. 293
1897:Mausfeld and Vrcibradic, 2002, p. 292
886:. In 2003, A.M. Bauer found that the name
752:for the Noronha skink. He also considered
206:
59:
40:
31:
2537:Carleton, M. D.; and Olson, S. L.; 1999.
2280:
2278:
2160:
2158:
2156:
2128:
2126:
2124:
1796:
1794:
1792:
956:. There are three to five well-developed
2781:. Koeltz Scientific Books, 630 pp.
2720:Notes on the zoology of Fernando Noronha
2653:Fitzinger, 1826 (Scincidae: Lygosominae)
2628:Mausfeld, P.; and Vrcibradic, D.; 2002.
2346:
2344:
2252:
2250:
2248:
2172:
2170:
1970:
1968:
1966:
1893:
1891:
1889:
1879:
1877:
1875:
1808:
1806:
1770:
1768:
1693:
1691:
1399:
942:
2724:Journal of the Linnean Society: Zoology
2548:Carranza, S.; and Arnold, N. E.; 2003.
2493:Bauer, A. M.; 2003. On the identity of
2409:
2407:
2268:
2266:
2264:
2262:
2202:
2200:
1829:
1827:
1670:
1483:
605:, but larger, and lacks well-developed
2686:Helminths from an introduced species (
2679:Annals and Magazine of Natural History
2602:Annals and Magazine of Natural History
2576:Notes on lizards from Fernando Noronha
2440:Carranza and Arnold, 2003, p. 281
2096:
2094:
1992:Whiting et al., 2006, pp. 720–721
1782:
1780:
1749:
1747:
1728:
1726:
1707:
1705:
1703:
1676:
1674:
1161:The Noronha skink is an opportunistic
855:study on the Noronha skink, using the
2844:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
2215:Rocha et al., 2009, pp. 452, 457
2057:
2055:
519:before 1838. He introduced the names
7:
3077:Taxa named by Karl Patterson Schmidt
2822:Boletim do Museu Nacional (Zoologia)
2526:Burt, C. E.; and Burt, M. D.; 1931.
1869:Travassos, 1946, pp. 7–8.
1392:in Noronha skinks observed in 2006.
684:in fact refers to the Asian species
3047:IUCN Red List least concern species
1064:Noronha skinks bask in the sun for
2630:On the nomenclature of the skink (
2383:Ramalho et al., 2009, p. 1027
2371:Ramalho et al., 2009, p. 1026
2329:Gasparini et al., 2007, p. 32
2320:Gasparini et al., 2007, p. 30
2224:Mausfeld et al., 2002, p. 289
1983:Mausfeld et al., 2002, p. 281
919:Trachylepis (Xystrolepis) punctata
846:Trachylepis (Xystrolepis) punctata
775:, as Andersson had done. The name
758:Trachylepis (Xystrolepis) punctata
260:Trachylepis (Xystrolepis) punctata
25:
2028:Miralles et al., 2009, p. 58
2019:Miralles et al., 2009, p. 62
1860:O'Shaughnessy, 1874, p. 300.
1851:Boulenger, 1887, pp. 160–161
1812:Miralles et al., 2009, p. 57
1447:The South American and Caribbean
1427:from southwestern Africa via the
828:(on the head behind the eyes) in
665:. He therefore replaced the name
632:, 1849, also currently placed in
2350:Silva et al., 2005, table 1
2109:Greer et al., 2000, table 1
1774:Burt and Burt, 1931, p. 302
1380:from the skink; the presence of
1348:—and an undetermined species of
1240:Relationships with other species
1105:The species is found in several
479:, may well be the same species.
84:
2673:O'Shaughnessy, A. M. E.; 1874.
2311:Sazima et al., 2009, p. 26
2302:Rocha et al., 2009, p. 456
2293:Rocha et al., 2009, p. 455
2284:Rocha et al., 2009, p. 457
2242:Branner, 1888, pp. 866–867
2194:Rocha et al., 2009, p. 458
2164:Rocha et al., 2009, p. 453
2150:Travassos, 1946, pp. 26–28
2132:Rocha et al., 2009, p. 454
1833:Carleton and Olson, 1999, p. 48
1697:Rocha et al., 2009, p. 450
1596:Gray, 1839, not Linnaeus, 1758.
1342:and an undetermined species of
659:, 1758, which he identified as
581:, in 1887 synonymized it under
2829:Revista Brasileira de Biologia
2709:A visit to Fernando do Noronha
2503:African Journal of Herpetology
2272:Sazima et al., 2005, p. 2
2256:Silva et al., 2005, p. 63
2206:Sazima et al., 2005, p. 7
2176:Silva et al., 2005, p. 62
1685:. Downloaded on 19 April 2020.
1276:Argentine black and white tegu
413:and plant material, including
1:
2764:A catch-all leguminous tree:
2482:Avila-Pires, T. C. S.; 1995.
2141:Travassos, 1946, pp. 2–3
1951:Travassos, 1946, pp. 7–8
1942:Travassos, 1946, pp. 6–7
1800:Mausfeld et al., 2002, p. 290
1574:) is a species distinct from
971:In reptiles, features of the
523:, for the Noronha skink, and
2809:(Noronha Skink). Predation.
2772:Australian Journal of Botany
2690:), and two endemic species (
2558:Systematics and Biodiversity
1960:Travassos, 1948, p. 206
1933:Travassos, 1948, p. 201
1915:Dunn, 1935, pp. 535–536
1753:Boulenger, 1887, p. 160
1411:analyses using a variety of
1384:could explain the rarity of
1015:scales (on the underparts).
2793:A new name for a Brazilian
2645:Phylogenetic affinities of
2118:Travassos, 1946, p. 51
1224:), carrion flies, juvenile
1198:of the tree and to eat the
3093:
3072:Reptiles described in 1945
3062:Endemic reptiles of Brazil
2574:Finley, R. B., Jr.; 1945.
2488:Zoologische Verhandelingen
2422:Branner, 1888, p. 871
2233:Branner, 1888, p. 861
2185:Ridley, 1888b, p. 476
2061:Travassos, 1946, p. 8
1645:In this list of synonyms,
1043:, which have at least 28.
593:and the Noronha skink are
569:described the new species
2842:(subscription required).
2831:8:201–208 (in Portuguese)
2770:(subscription required).
2737:(subscription required).
2655:(subscription required).
2636:(subscription required).
2621:(subscription required).
2578:(subscription required).
2567:(subscription required).
2565:Notes on American Mabuyas
2556:(subscription required).
2543:American Museum Novitates
2519:(subscription required).
2338:Ridley, 1888a, p. 46
1786:Schmidt, 1945, p. 45
1362:is usually only found in
1317:, most frequently by the
623:Trachylepis punctatissima
541:placed both in the genus
496:, following which it may
234:
227:
214:
205:
186:
179:
81:Scientific classification
79:
57:
48:
39:
34:
2508:Boulenger, G. A.; 1887.
1551:O'Shaughnessy, 1872, as
1433:South Equatorial Current
1113:(egg-laying), like many
2824:60:1–56 (in Portuguese)
2702:Journal of Parasitology
2591:Herpetological Bulletin
1924:Dunn, 1935, p. 536
1732:Gray, 1845, p. 111
1711:Gray, 1839, p. 289
1592:(replacement name) for
1282:, and three introduced
627:Euprepes punctatissimus
434:prey on it and several
2791:Schmidt, K. P.; 1945.
2739:Journal of Herpetology
2718:Ridley, H. N.; 1888b.
2707:Ridley, H. N.; 1888a.
2638:Journal of Herpetology
2515:Branner, J. C.; 1888.
2001:Bauer, 2003, p. 5
1906:Bauer, 2003, p. 4
1405:
1255:
1188:When the mulungu tree
1158:
1146:
1069:
1039:, but unlike American
948:
853:molecular phylogenetic
801:
726:Karl Patterson Schmidt
589:suggested to him that
483:Discovery and taxonomy
2896:Trachylepis atlantica
2866:Trachylepis atlantica
2840:(Squamata: Scincidae)
2811:Herpetological Review
2733:Trachylepis atlantica
2692:Trachylepis atlantica
2657:Zoologischer Anzeiger
2453:Trachylepis atlantica
1618:Trachylepis atlantica
1576:Trachylepis atlantica
1549:Mabouya punctatissima
1529:Trachylepis atlantica
1437:Alfred Russel Wallace
1403:
1377:Thelandros alvarengai
1323:Spinicauda spinicauda
1247:
1156:
1141:
1129:Trachylepis atlantica
1125:(giving live birth).
1063:
985:frontoparietal scales
946:
921:and replaced it with
898:Trachylepis atlantica
838:Mabouya punctatissima
794:
754:Mabouya punctatissima
571:Mabouya punctatissima
558:Mabouya punctatissima
527:, for a species from
390:Trachylepis atlantica
351:Trachylepis atlantica
272:Mabouya punctatissima
190:Trachylepis atlantica
18:Trachylepis atlantica
1571:Trachylepis maculata
1326:. Another nematode,
1226:Hemidactylus mabouya
1216:seeds, feces of the
1169:, including larvae,
1093:Hemidactylus mabouia
1056:Ecology and behavior
1031:(located before the
924:Trachylepis tschudii
914:Trachylepis maculata
797:Trachylepis maculata
692:Mabuya homalocephala
662:Mabuya homalocephala
567:A.W.E. O'Shaughnessy
472:Trachylepis tschudii
452:Trachylepis maculata
366:Trachylepis tschudii
3067:Fernando de Noronha
2807:Euprepis atlanticus
2696:Amphisbaena ridleyi
2688:Tupinambis merianae
2666:(first page only).
2607:Gray, J. E.; 1845.
2596:Gray, J. E.; 1839.
2587:Euprepis atlanticus
2563:Dunn, E. R.; 1935.
2521:American Naturalist
1461:Conservation status
1368:Tupinambis merianae
1329:Moaciria alvarengai
1280:Tupinambis merianae
1099:Tupinambis merianae
1090:lizards, the gecko
1083:Amphisbaena ridleyi
1035:), similar to most
1029:presacral vertebrae
1001:supraciliary scales
884:Euprepis atlanticus
814:subdigital lamellae
455:and other species,
403:Fernando de Noronha
401:from the island of
338:Euprepis atlanticus
217:Fernando de Noronha
51:Conservation status
2766:Erythrina velutina
2751:2013-09-21 at the
1521:Lygosoma punctatum
1503:Lygosoma punctatum
1425:rafting vegetation
1406:
1390:T. alvarengai
1386:M. alvarengai
1382:S. spinicauda
1372:M. alvarengai
1360:S. spinicauda
1256:
1251:Erythrina velutina
1191:Erythrina velutina
1177:(Formicidae), and
1159:
1070:
997:supraocular scales
949:
802:
694:, but Gray's name
687:Lygosoma punctatum
625:is preoccupied by
475:, supposedly from
420:Erythrina velutina
250:Euprepis punctatus
3034:
3033:
2996:Open Tree of Life
2858:Taxon identifiers
2787:978-3-87429-377-8
2757:Biota Neotropical
2623:Amphibia-Reptilia
2478:978-954-642-269-9
1519:Linnaeus, 1758 (=
1339:Mesocoelium monas
1300:Rattus norvegicus
1222:Kerodon rupestris
1075:T. atlantica
1049:T. atlantica
981:prefrontal scales
977:supranasal scales
958:auricular lobules
676:, using the name
615:T. atlantica
603:T. atlantica
575:Cape of Good Hope
405:off northeastern
381:
380:
375:
360:
347:
334:
322:
305:
293:
280:
268:
255:
246:
172:T. atlantica
74:
16:(Redirected from
3084:
3057:Skinks of Brazil
3027:
3026:
3017:
3016:
3004:
3003:
2991:
2990:
2978:
2977:
2965:
2964:
2952:
2951:
2939:
2938:
2926:
2925:
2913:
2912:
2900:
2899:
2898:
2885:
2884:
2883:
2853:
2715:(3)12(134):41–49
2647:Mabuya atlantica
2582:1945(3):162–164.
2495:Lacerta punctata
2463:Literature cited
2457:Reptile Database
2441:
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2432:
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2026:
2020:
2017:
2011:
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2002:
1999:
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1990:
1984:
1981:
1975:
1972:
1961:
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1934:
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1659:
1656:
1650:
1647:new combinations
1643:
1637:
1627:
1621:
1606:
1597:
1585:
1579:
1562:
1556:
1538:
1532:
1525:Tiliqua punctata
1517:Lacerta punctata
1513:
1507:
1495:Lacerta punctata
1488:
1470:evaluated it as
1442:Ascension Island
1429:Benguela Current
1121:, which are all
1066:thermoregulation
1025:T. maculata
1021:T. maculata
1009:T. maculata
989:T. maculata
933:T. tschudii
834:Mabuya atlantica
742:Mabuya atlantica
682:Lacerta punctata
654:Lacerta punctata
539:George Boulenger
525:Tiliqua maculata
521:Tiliqua punctata
510:John Edward Gray
489:Amerigo Vespucci
469:. The enigmatic
443:Amerigo Vespucci
441:Perhaps seen by
370:
354:
341:
329:
326:Mabuya atlantica
312:
300:
287:
275:
263:
253:
241:
238:Tiliqua punctata
210:
192:
89:
88:
68:
63:
62:
44:
32:
27:Species of skink
21:
3092:
3091:
3087:
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3037:
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2921:
2916:
2908:
2903:
2894:
2893:
2888:
2879:
2878:
2873:
2860:
2818:Mabuya punctata
2753:Wayback Machine
2704:95(4):1026–1038
2523:22(262):861–871
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1600:
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1566:Mabuya maculata
1563:
1559:
1553:junior synonyms
1539:
1535:
1515:Preoccupied by
1514:
1510:
1489:
1485:
1480:
1463:
1398:
1388:and absence of
1315:parasitic worms
1242:
1151:
1058:
993:parietal scales
941:
826:parietal scales
789:
781:Mabuya punctata
777:Mabuya maculata
773:Mabuya maculata
769:Mabuya punctata
750:Mabuya punctata
716:Mabuya punctata
700:Mabuya punctata
678:Mabuya maculata
642:
595:morphologically
583:Mabuia punctata
553:Mabuia punctata
506:
485:
436:parasitic worms
369:
353:
340:
328:
311:
309:Mabuya punctata
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297:Mabuya maculata
286:
284:Mabuia punctata
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2398:
2395:
2389:
2386:
2380:
2378:
2374:
2368:
2366:
2362:
2356:
2353:
2347:
2345:
2341:
2335:
2332:
2326:
2323:
2317:
2314:
2308:
2305:
2299:
2296:
2290:
2287:
2281:
2279:
2275:
2269:
2267:
2265:
2263:
2259:
2253:
2251:
2249:
2245:
2239:
2236:
2230:
2227:
2221:
2218:
2212:
2209:
2203:
2201:
2197:
2191:
2188:
2182:
2179:
2173:
2171:
2167:
2161:
2159:
2157:
2153:
2147:
2144:
2138:
2135:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2121:
2115:
2112:
2106:
2103:
2097:
2095:
2091:
2085:
2082:
2076:
2073:
2067:
2064:
2058:
2056:
2052:
2046:
2043:
2037:
2035:
2031:
2025:
2022:
2016:
2013:
2007:
2004:
1998:
1995:
1989:
1986:
1980:
1977:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1963:
1957:
1954:
1948:
1945:
1939:
1936:
1930:
1927:
1921:
1918:
1912:
1909:
1903:
1900:
1894:
1892:
1890:
1886:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1872:
1866:
1863:
1857:
1854:
1848:
1845:
1839:
1836:
1830:
1828:
1824:
1818:
1815:
1809:
1807:
1803:
1797:
1795:
1793:
1789:
1783:
1781:
1777:
1771:
1769:
1765:
1759:
1756:
1750:
1748:
1744:
1738:
1735:
1729:
1727:
1723:
1717:
1714:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1700:
1694:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1677:
1675:
1671:
1665:
1655:
1652:
1648:
1642:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1626:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1611:
1605:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1590:
1584:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1572:
1567:
1561:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1542:
1537:
1534:
1530:
1527:Gray, 1839 (=
1526:
1522:
1518:
1512:
1509:
1505:
1504:
1499:
1496:
1492:
1487:
1484:
1477:
1475:
1473:
1472:least concern
1469:
1460:
1458:
1456:
1452:
1451:
1445:
1443:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1413:mitochondrial
1410:
1402:
1395:
1393:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1378:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1352:
1347:
1346:
1345:Platynossomum
1341:
1340:
1335:
1331:
1330:
1325:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1311:
1309:
1308:Rattus rattus
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1273:
1272:Bubulcus ibis
1269:
1265:
1261:
1253:
1252:
1246:
1239:
1237:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1214:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1192:
1186:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1155:
1148:
1145:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1130:
1126:
1124:
1120:
1117:, but unlike
1116:
1112:
1108:
1107:microhabitats
1103:
1101:
1100:
1096:and the tegu
1095:
1094:
1089:
1085:
1084:
1080:
1079:amphisbaenian
1076:
1067:
1062:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1044:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1005:dorsal scales
1002:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
974:
969:
967:
963:
959:
955:
945:
938:
936:
934:
930:
926:
925:
920:
916:
915:
910:
905:
903:
899:
895:
894:
889:
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
858:
857:mitochondrial
854:
849:
847:
843:
842:morphological
839:
835:
831:
827:
823:
822:dorsal scales
819:
815:
811:
807:
799:
798:
793:
786:
784:
782:
778:
774:
770:
766:
762:
759:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
721:
717:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
688:
683:
679:
675:
672:
668:
664:
663:
658:
655:
651:
647:
639:
637:
635:
631:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
611:dorsal scales
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
591:punctatissima
588:
587:punctatissima
584:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
559:
554:
550:
547:(misspelled "
546:
545:
540:
536:
535:
530:
526:
522:
518:
517:
511:
503:
501:
499:
495:
490:
482:
480:
478:
474:
473:
468:
464:
463:
458:
454:
453:
448:
444:
439:
437:
433:
429:
426:
422:
421:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
391:
386:
385:Noronha skink
373:
368:
367:
362:
358:
352:
349:
345:
339:
336:
332:
327:
324:
320:
316:
310:
307:
303:
298:
295:
291:
285:
282:
278:
277:O'Shaughnessy
273:
270:
266:
261:
257:
251:
248:
244:
239:
236:
235:
233:
230:
226:
222:
218:
213:
209:
204:
199:
193:
191:
185:
182:
181:Binomial name
178:
174:
173:
168:
165:
164:
161:
160:
156:
153:
152:
149:
146:
143:
142:
139:
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129:
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122:
119:
116:
113:
112:
109:
106:
103:
102:
99:
96:
93:
92:
87:
82:
78:
72:
67:
66:Least Concern
56:
52:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
2865:
2849:
2843:
2837:
2828:
2821:
2817:
2810:
2806:
2799:
2794:
2771:
2765:
2756:
2738:
2732:
2723:
2712:
2701:
2695:
2691:
2687:
2678:
2667:
2656:
2650:
2646:
2637:
2631:
2622:
2617:
2604:(1)2:287–293
2601:
2590:
2586:
2579:
2568:
2560:1(2):275–282
2557:
2551:
2542:
2531:
2520:
2502:
2498:
2494:
2487:
2436:
2427:
2418:
2397:
2388:
2355:
2334:
2325:
2316:
2307:
2298:
2289:
2238:
2229:
2220:
2211:
2190:
2181:
2146:
2137:
2114:
2105:
2084:
2075:
2066:
2045:
2024:
2015:
2006:
1997:
1988:
1979:
1956:
1947:
1938:
1929:
1920:
1911:
1902:
1865:
1856:
1847:
1838:
1817:
1758:
1737:
1716:
1654:
1641:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1617:
1613:
1609:
1593:
1587:
1583:
1575:
1569:
1565:
1560:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1511:
1501:
1494:
1486:
1464:
1455:colonization
1448:
1446:
1420:
1409:Phylogenetic
1407:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1359:
1351:Oochoristica
1349:
1343:
1337:
1327:
1321:
1312:
1307:
1299:
1292:Mus musculus
1291:
1279:
1271:
1268:cattle egret
1263:
1257:
1249:
1230:H. N. Ridley
1225:
1221:
1211:
1189:
1187:
1182:
1173:(Isoptera),
1160:
1142:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1127:
1118:
1114:
1104:
1097:
1091:
1081:
1074:
1071:
1048:
1045:
1040:
1036:
1024:
1020:
1019:species and
1016:
1008:
988:
970:
961:
950:
932:
928:
922:
918:
912:
908:
906:
901:
897:
891:
887:
883:
879:
878:, including
871:
867:
850:
845:
837:
833:
829:
803:
795:
787:21st century
780:
776:
772:
771:in favor of
768:
764:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
724:
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
685:
681:
677:
673:
666:
660:
653:
645:
643:
640:20th century
633:
626:
622:
618:
614:
602:
590:
586:
582:
570:
556:
552:
548:
542:
532:
524:
520:
515:
507:
504:19th century
486:
470:
460:
450:
440:
418:
389:
388:
384:
382:
374:et al., 2009
364:
359:et al., 2006
350:
346:et al., 2002
337:
325:
308:
296:
283:
271:
259:
254:— Gray, 1845
249:
237:
215:Location of
189:
187:
171:
170:
158:
29:
3052:Trachylepis
2944:iNaturalist
2890:Wikispecies
2659:241:281–293
1630:Nomen novum
1614:Trachylepis
1589:Nomen novum
1568:(currently
1543:. Included
1491:Preoccupied
1421:Trachylepis
1288:house mouse
1264:Felis catus
1234:cannibalism
1204:pollinating
1183:Trachylepis
1134:Trachylepis
1115:Trachylepis
1037:Trachylepis
939:Description
902:Trachylepis
893:Trachylepis
744:to replace
650:preoccupied
634:Trachylepis
621:, the name
619:Trachylepis
565:. In 1874,
537:. In 1887,
516:Chanticleer
462:Trachylepis
438:infect it.
159:Trachylepis
3041:Categories
2846:38:719–730
2802:1945(1):45
2726:20:473–570
2670:2012:47–68
2625:21:121–126
2571:87:533–557
2534:61:227–395
1666:References
1564:In error;
1334:trematodes
1123:viviparous
1088:introduced
498:regenerate
432:feral cats
425:Introduced
3014:atlantica
2975:120689136
2593:100:30–33
2545:3256:1–59
2490:299:1–706
1547:Gray and
1500:, 1758 (=
1304:black rat
1296:brown rat
1218:rock cavy
1111:oviparous
690:, not to
669:with its
447:taxonomic
428:predators
417:from the
302:Andersson
290:Boulenger
166:Species:
148:Scincidae
104:Kingdom:
98:Eukaryota
2962:11086863
2881:Q1938546
2875:Wikidata
2813:36:62–63
2774:57:26–30
2759:5(1):1–8
2749:Archived
2499:Euprepis
1634:punctata
1610:Euprepis
1594:punctata
1545:maculata
1498:Linnaeus
1431:and the
1319:nematode
1278:lizard,
1171:termites
1163:omnivore
1086:and two
929:punctata
909:maculata
888:Euprepis
880:Euprepis
864:16S rRNA
830:maculata
818:lamellae
765:punctata
746:punctata
738:punctata
734:punctata
730:maculata
712:maculata
708:punctata
704:maculata
696:punctata
674:maculata
667:punctata
657:Linnaeus
646:punctata
630:A. Smith
599:holotype
534:Euprepis
457:homonyms
430:such as
372:Miralles
357:Ananjeva
344:Mausfeld
229:Synonyms
144:Family:
138:Squamata
128:Reptilia
118:Chordata
114:Phylum:
108:Animalia
94:Domain:
71:IUCN 3.1
3024:8059751
2936:5816294
2668:Zootaxa
2455:in the
1417:nuclear
1356:cestode
1284:rodents
1208:stigmas
1179:beetles
1167:insects
1013:ventral
966:brittle
761:Tschudi
609:on its
563:synonym
494:lizards
467:rafting
411:insects
395:species
393:) is a
331:Schmidt
319:M. Burt
315:C. Burt
265:Tschudi
221:endemic
200:, 1945)
198:Schmidt
154:Genus:
134:Order:
124:Class:
69: (
3021:uBio:
3001:572829
2988:356588
2949:114283
2910:987062
2838:Mabuya
2800:Copeia
2795:Mabuya
2785:
2651:Mabuya
2632:Mabuya
2618:Mabuya
2580:Copeia
2552:Mabuya
2505:52:1–7
2476:
1523:) and
1450:Mabuya
1396:Origin
1302:) and
1286:, the
1266:) and
1213:Acacia
1200:nectar
1119:Mabuya
1041:Mabuya
1033:sacrum
1017:Mabuya
991:, the
973:scales
962:Mabuya
954:irises
876:clades
872:Mabuya
868:Mabuya
810:scales
720:Mabuya
549:Mabuia
544:Mabuya
529:Guyana
415:nectar
407:Brazil
333:, 1945
321:, 1931
317:&
304:, 1900
292:, 1887
279:, 1874
267:, 1845
245:, 1839
2957:IRMNG
2923:57RD9
1478:Notes
1364:teiid
607:keels
399:skink
2983:NCBI
2970:IUCN
2931:GBIF
2905:BOLD
2783:ISBN
2694:and
2474:ISBN
1632:for
1415:and
1374:and
1354:, a
1175:ants
1149:Diet
862:and
756:and
732:and
710:and
648:was
514:HMS
477:Peru
383:The
243:Gray
2918:CoL
1612:to
1541:Sic
1493:by
1294:),
1260:cat
860:12S
652:by
397:of
3043::
3011::
3009:RD
2998::
2985::
2972::
2959::
2946::
2933::
2920::
2907::
2892::
2877::
2798:.
2755:.
2722:.
2711:.
2700:.
2677:.
2600:.
2589:.
2541:.
2530:.
2486:.
2406:^
2376:^
2364:^
2343:^
2277:^
2261:^
2247:^
2199:^
2169:^
2155:^
2123:^
2093:^
2054:^
2033:^
1965:^
1888:^
1874:^
1826:^
1805:^
1791:^
1779:^
1767:^
1746:^
1725:^
1702:^
1690:^
1673:^
1601:^
1531:).
1506:).
1474:.
1358:.
1185:.
1136:.
1102:.
904:.
848:.
812:,
636:.
355:—
342:—
313:—
288:—
223:.
1578:.
1555:.
1336:—
1306:(
1298:(
1290:(
1270:(
1262:(
1254:.
1220:(
1068:.
816:(
387:(
363:?
258:?
196:(
73:)
20:)
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