25:
125:(EO). TSR is a relatively conservative scheme. It seeks to identify the underlying rules of EO but to apply them more consistently, thereby reducing the number of irregularities that must be memorized. TSR makes it possible to predict pronunciation from spelling, if not always the reverse. Words are only respelled when they cannot be brought within the rules.
232:
If in EO a letter or letters can denote more than one sound, the rules for predicting pronunciation are usually preserved and systematized. Also, some suffixes and other common combinations that do not fully comply with the basic rules of EO, but unambiguously determine pronunciation, are preserved
136:, sponsor of the Congress, is affording TSR a degree of support and publicity. During the current review period (five years), no major changes will likely happen. However, on the basis of comments received, it is possible there may be some modest modifications during that period.
1246:
Currently, in TSR, "flange" is respelled "flandge"(not "flanj"). And "anger", "banger", "hanger" turn to "angger", "bangger", "hangger" to indicate that there is no soft "g" sound and they have a short "a" sound rather than a long one.
196:
e) The letter e at the end of a word is not pronounced, but changes the pronunciation of other letters (lengthening the vowel). This happens in combination (vowel + consonant + e) – for example, in the word
1102:
The apostrophe, and hyphen / diaresis are occasionally used to assist distinguish homophones and predicting the pronunciation of some vowel combinations. ex. 'hole (whole), 'our (hour), cre-ate / creäte
1008:
TSR makes no special provision for stress. However, attack becomes atack, because "a" before "tt" doesn't have stress. Doubled consonants show stress location.(ex. edducate, perrish)
208:) If a monosyllabic word ends with the combination short vowel + consonant, then when an ending (for example, -ed, -ing) is added to the word, the consonant is doubled. Examples:
292:
In TSR, the spelling of a word changes from EO if it either does not conform to the basic rules (EO or TSR) or is ambiguous. The main categories of changes are listed below.
396:
Disambiguation for letter combinations, which in EO can indicate more than one sound. For example, the combination "ow" represents completely different sounds in the words
224:, because here the vowel is not short. In polysyllabic words, if a stressed vowel is followed by one consonant + another vowel, the previous vowel is usually lengthened:
1986:
892:⟨al⟩ only at beginning of words and where implying totality: always, altogether, alright, already, almighty; exceptions: words of Arabic origin: <algebra>.
1466:
our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember, what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the
2082:
2020:
1592:
1112:
In TSR, there are cases in which spellings of homophones will not merge. (e.g. stare / stair, sight / site / cite, none / nun, scene / seen, tail / tale)
385:, or the spelling of the word can be changed to match the pronunciation. Some consoles can be separated by a hyphen to provide the /s/ sound, for example:
2026:
1872:
1099:
Some phonemes have several different spelling patterns, which helps to distinguish homophones visually. ex. main, mane, buy, by, bye, cite, site, sight.
35:
1081:
TSR removes redundant letters. However, "easy" not "esy", "high" not "hi", "letter" not "letr", "lie" not "li", "pack" not "pak", "switch" not "swich".
1002:
Final <e> is generally omitted when the preceding vowel is short: <dove> becomes <duv>, <live> (verb int.) becomes <liv>.
1005:
TSR corrects instances where the doubling rule has been misapplied by TS – <committee>→<comittee>, <accommodate>→<acommodate>.
325:
Correcting the incorrect application of the rules for the pronunciation of the letter s - it is pronounced as /s/ (not /z/) in the following cases:
915:
Double the <r> to change the vowel: <herring>, <stirrup>, <hurry>. TSR retains "word", "work", and "worship"(sub-groups).
550:
TSR retains "other", "another", "brother", "mother", and "smother"(sub-groups). So does "none", "nothing", "some". However, "come" becomes "cum".
1956:
93:
65:
1087:
Silent "gh" is mostly retained(high, bough, bought, eight). However, "though" becomes "tho", and "through" becomes "throo", not "thru".
181:
TSR uses the standard Latin alphabet, most of the letters and combinations of letters in TSR are pronounced in the same way as in EO (
2032:
1924:
1889:
1878:
iii The <ange> combination in words such as angel, change, danger, mange, manger, range, ranger. Some words respelled: flanj.
1788:
1731:
1684:
1673:
72:
2072:
118:
2010:
1776:
168:
150:
966:
Schwa. The indeterminate sound in many unaccented syllables. TSR usually retains the graphemes used in TS for these phonemes.
79:
129:
50:
1662:
A useful mnemonic to identify such words: ‘The daft rascal passed a raspberry at his aunt as he pranced in the staff bath.’
1618:
61:
2050:
2077:
2015:
2044:
1935:
1823:
1811:
1800:
1643:
1194:
The word "rather" can have /æ/ & /ɑː/. TSR retains this spelling because it may belong to "The 'bath' words".
1966:
306:
To indicate the place of stress, in some cases, a consonant is deliberately doubled in the middle of a word: ex.
1191:
The word "aunt" can have /æ/ & /ɑː/. TSR retains this spelling because it may belong to "The 'bath' words".
1951:
1255:
TSR is supposed to retain "ch" with /k/ sound when it is related to Greek. However, these words are respelled:
133:
2038:
1912:
1860:
1656:
1084:
Silent "g" is retained as in "benign", "design", and "sign". The "g" in "gnash" and "campaign" is omitted.
405:
164:
160:
146:
86:
2004:
1900:
1847:
1835:
1763:
1751:
1719:
1707:
1695:
1578:
1550:
2056:
1981:
1274:
There are cases where TSR uses the "ss" to indicate the /s/ sound. Occasionally, not conservative.
381:
If the above conditions are not met, then s can be doubled to preserve the /s/ sound, for example:
182:
122:
1013:
TSR retains some irregular spellings such as proper nouns, common irregular words, and loan words.
42:
2057:
English accents and their implications for spelling reform J.C. Wells, University
College London
1838:
D. IRREGULAR SPELLINGS RETAINED FROM TS (2. Other Common
Irregular words) 2023-07-03 accessed
1754:
D. IRREGULAR SPELLINGS RETAINED FROM TS (2. Other Common
Irregular words) 2023-07-03 accessed
1722:
D. IRREGULAR SPELLINGS RETAINED FROM TS (2. Other Common
Irregular words) 2023-07-03 accessed
1710:
D. IRREGULAR SPELLINGS RETAINED FROM TS (2. Other Common
Irregular words) 2023-07-03 accessed
1698:
D. IRREGULAR SPELLINGS RETAINED FROM TS (2. Other Common
Irregular words) 2023-07-03 accessed
463:
TSR has its own spelling patterns for each phoneme. However, TSR allows for some exceptions.
1022:
TSR retains some letter sequences even if they are irregular. They are called "sub-groups":
991:
TSR is mostly conservative, but occasionally radical. Not all features are included below.
799:
Double the <r> to change the vowel - <harry>. "Harry" and "starry" don't rime.
2011:
ENGLISH SPELLING SOCIETY Personal View 23 TRADITIONAL SPELLING REVISED by
Stephen Linstead
1777:
ENGLISH SPELLING SOCIETY Personal View 23 TRADITIONAL SPELLING REVISED by
Stephen Linstead
440:
890:<au> is default; <aw> usually at end of word, before vowel or -<yer>.
1435:, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives, that that nation might
2066:
1961:
1505:
1204:
TSR retains "aunt", "brother", and "mother". However, it does not retain "father".
2021:
Scheme: Traditional
Spelling Revised (TSR) Author: Stephen Linstead Brief Summary
1563:
24:
1143:
However, it doesn't differenciate or / ore / oar. Neither does pore / pour.
973:
In TSR, "ea"/iː/ doesn't indicate /eɪ/ or /ɛ/: steak → staik, weapon → weppon.
439:. (However, "office" retains its final "e", because it shows pronunciation of
2051:
list of 3-4000 most common words transcribed into TSR (by alphabetical order)
1551:"International English Spelling Congress | the English Spelling Society"
1971:
1903:
D. IRREGULAR SPELLINGS RETAINED FROM TS (4. Sub-groups) 2023-07-03 accessed
1850:
D. IRREGULAR SPELLINGS RETAINED FROM TS (4. Sub-groups) 2023-07-03 accessed
1814:
D. IRREGULAR SPELLINGS RETAINED FROM TS (4. Sub-groups) 2023-10-27 accessed
1766:
D. IRREGULAR SPELLINGS RETAINED FROM TS (4. Sub-groups) 2023-07-03 accessed
474:
1508:, that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom, and that
979:
TSR distinguishes "ue"/juː/ and "oo"/uː/: due, blue → bloo, truth → trooth.
428:
156:
1655:
TSR is not particular about the sound difference between /æ/ and /ɑː/.
982:
TSR distinguishes "oo"/uː/ and "uu"/ʊ/: roof, book → buuk, push → puush.
996:
469:
423:. To distinguish homophones, in some cases, an apostrophe is used: ex.
281:
the, of, to(day), any(one), (n)either, nothing, some, woman, women, yes
446:
Two new letter combinations have been introduced: "aa" and "uu". ex. f
1454:, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallo this ground. The brave men,
1019:
The past tense suffix "-ed" is retained. ex. "stopped", not "stopt".
1016:
Common suffixes (such as -tion, -cial, and -sure) are also retained.
258:
names of numbers, days of the week, months and seasons of the year;
1579:
http://spellingsociety.org/uploaded_iesc/report-of-voting-misc.pdf
1998:
1593:"Should English spelling be reformed to make it easier to learn?"
431:
at the end of a word is omitted if the preceding vowel is short:
1863:
G. INTERPRETATION OF TSR IN DIFFERENT DIALECTS The 'bath' words
1659:
G. INTERPRETATION OF TSR IN DIFFERENT DIALECTS The 'bath' words
1207:
The "aa" grapheme is quite rare in TSR. "Calm" stays the same.
404:, so, for the sake of unambiguity, TSR uses "ow" only for the /
1976:
1619:"Heard, word, bird: should the spelling of some words change?"
132:(IESC) in March 2021 as the preferred alternative to EO. The
18:
976:
In TSR, "ow"/aʊ/ doesn't indicate /oʊ/: low → lo, show → sho.
785:"Bear" is respelled "bair". TSR retains "there" and "where".
725:
However, TSR retains "could", "should", "would" and "woman".
408:/ sound and accordingly rewrites the spelling of some words:
368:
in compound words consisting of two full-fledged words like
1859:
TSR is tolerant of the difference between /æ/ and /ɑː/.
1407:
civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so
858:
Double the <r> to change the vowel: <horrid>
263:
than, that, then, thence, there, these, this, those, thus
2016:
ENGLISH SPELLING SOCIETY Personal View 15 REGSPEL (2014)
236:
Entirely retained (despite discrepancy with TSR rules):
242:
I. you, he, she, we, me, us, they, your, their(s), them
46:
1875:
3. Sub-Groups
Commonly Found in TS and Retained in TSR
1215:
TSR retains the "-ange" combination in words such as
335:
before or after the letters /k/, /f/, /p/, /t/ (e.g.
226:
sad / sadist, set / scenic, bit / biter, fun / fuming
1489:
devotion to that cause for which they gave the last
155:. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
522:business, pretty, system → bisness, pritty, sistem
508:TSR retains "again", "against", "any", and "many".
1791:, TSR retains "fear", "near", "hear", and "here".
1582:CLOSE OF VOTING: 12 NOON (UK TIME) ON 1 APRIL 2021
1987:Phonological history of English close back vowels
2027:Traditional Spelling Revised by Stephen Linstead
1873:Traditional Spelling Revised by Stephen Linstead
1384:brought forth, on this continent, a new nation,
1096:"Th" is used for both /θ/ and /ð/. (think, that)
261:demonstrative adjectives, pronouns and adverbs:
169:IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters
999:" and doubling rules to indicate vowel length.
1936:TRADITIONAL SPELLING REVISED COMPLETE GUIDANCE
1901:TRADITIONAL SPELLING REVISED COMPLETE GUIDANCE
1848:TRADITIONAL SPELLING REVISED COMPLETE GUIDANCE
1836:TRADITIONAL SPELLING REVISED COMPLETE GUIDANCE
1824:TRADITIONAL SPELLING REVISED COMPLETE GUIDANCE
1812:TRADITIONAL SPELLING REVISED COMPLETE GUIDANCE
1801:TRADITIONAL SPELLING REVISED COMPLETE GUIDANCE
1764:TRADITIONAL SPELLING REVISED COMPLETE GUIDANCE
1752:TRADITIONAL SPELLING REVISED COMPLETE GUIDANCE
1720:TRADITIONAL SPELLING REVISED COMPLETE GUIDANCE
1708:TRADITIONAL SPELLING REVISED COMPLETE GUIDANCE
1696:TRADITIONAL SPELLING REVISED COMPLETE GUIDANCE
1644:TRADITIONAL SPELLING REVISED COMPLETE GUIDANCE
1462:, who struggled here, have consecrated it far
708:"Through" becomes "throo"(not "thru") in TSR.
389:. In other cases, s is usually pronounced /z/.
1564:http://spellingsociety.org/press-releases_p26
955:<-y> becomes <-ies> for plurals.
121:alternative to the semi-regular conventional
8:
494:TSR retains "aunt". "Laugh" becomes "laff".
188:To a large extent, the rules are preserved:
51:introducing citations to additional sources
2033:1000 most common words transcribed into TSR
1925:1000 most common words transcribed into TSR
1890:1000 most common words transcribed into TSR
1789:1000 most common words transcribed into TSR
1732:1000 most common words transcribed into TSR
1685:1000 most common words transcribed into TSR
1674:1000 most common words transcribed into TSR
1201:ther", which has the /ɑː/ sound, not /æ/.
1090:Change "gh" /f/ to "ff"(coff, enuff, laff).
2039:TRADITIONAL SPELLING REVISED FULL GUIDANCE
1913:TRADITIONAL SPELLING REVISED FULL GUIDANCE
1861:TRADITIONAL SPELLING REVISED FULL GUIDANCE
1657:TRADITIONAL SPELLING REVISED FULL GUIDANCE
1478:task remaining before us that from these
606:TSR retains "he", "she", "we", and "me".
584:break, gauge, bass → braik, gaige, baiss
16:Proposed English language spelling reform
821:TSR adopts ＜aa＞, but it is used rarely.
465:
41:Relevant discussion may be found on the
2005:International English Spelling Congress
1957:List of reforms of the English language
1542:
419:Remove redundant letters, for example:
130:International English Spelling Congress
276:A few common words are also preserved
296:Fix the incorrect application of the
253:to have: are, was, were, have, having
139:TSR has been mentioned in the media.
7:
1396:to the proposition that all men are
640:TSR retains "eye". How about "aye"?
159:. For the distinction between ,
1415:, can long endure. We are met on a
1262:technology → tecnology / tecnollogy
963:afraid, defence, invisible, unsound
425:'our(hour), 'rite(write), 'no(know)
300:. Example: accommodate → acommodate
2083:Writing systems introduced in 2021
1496:of devotion - that we here highly
1380:Fourscore and seven years ago our
459:Spelling patterns for vowel sounds
240:personal pronouns and adjectives:
14:
1742:"father" in conventional spelling
328:at the beginning of a word (e.g.
1826:F. HOMONYMS 2023-10-27 accessed
1569:Revised Spelling System Approved
119:English-language spelling reform
34:relies largely or entirely on a
23:
1967:Handbook of Simplified Spelling
1439:. It is altogether fitting and
536:In TSR, "wash" becomes "wosh".
151:International Phonetic Alphabet
1938:p.18, p.19 2023-10-27 accessed
1646:p.3 THE DETAIL A. VOWEL SOUNDS
185:), and with the same stress.
62:"Traditional Spelling Revised"
1:
1266:("School" remains the same.)
2045:Complete Guide to the Scheme
1197:However, "father" becomes "f
115:Traditional Spelling Revised
2099:
1999:Spelling Society Home page
1366:("Yes" remains the same.)
337:clicks, cliffs, clips, its
995:TSR largely retains the "
1952:English Spelling Society
1915:p.3 B. CONSONANT SOUNDS
1567:Press release 2021-04-12
1443:that we should do this.
1403:Now we are engaged in a
1270:Wider use of "ss" in TSR
1163:by using an apostrophe.
1093:Retain "ph" /f/ (phone).
421:(w)rong, (g)nash, (h)our
268:interrogative pronouns:
134:English Spelling Society
128:TSR was approved by the
2073:English spelling reform
270:what, where, who, whose
147:phonetic transcriptions
1880:
1664:
1534:
1187:"Father" or "faather"?
1136:, to distinguish from
1122:, to distinguish from
1064:⟨-other⟩
710:TSR retains "super".
433:love → luv, dove → duv
144:This article contains
1876:
1660:
1423:in that war. We have
1378:
1259:character → carracter
1068:⟨-ould⟩
1040:⟨-aste⟩
1036:⟨-ange⟩
387:re-send, co-signatory
1775:Originally, "neer".
1537:Notes and references
1211:The "ange" sub-group
1076:⟨wor-⟩
1072:⟨war-⟩
1062:(therefore, shore),
1060:⟨-ore⟩
1056:⟨-olk⟩
1048:⟨-ind⟩
1044:⟨-ign⟩
1032:⟨-alt⟩
1028:⟨-alk⟩
1024:⟨-ald⟩
247:variations of verbs
47:improve this article
2059:2022-08-16 accessed
2053:2023-10-27 accessed
2047:2023-10-27 accessed
1982:Regularized Inglish
1251:"Ch" with /k/ sound
1066:(brother, mother),
1052:⟨old⟩
383:miss, mass, missing
363:consent, persistent
183:English orthography
123:English orthography
2078:Orthography reform
1599:. Times Newspapers
1431:a portion of that
1375:Gettysburg Address
1290:close (adj) → cloa
1314:increase → increa
1108:Homophones in TSR
1038:(danger, angel),
970:
969:
370:homesick, ransack
357:after the prefix
344:the prefixes dis-
112:
111:
97:
2090:
1939:
1933:
1927:
1922:
1916:
1910:
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1851:
1845:
1839:
1833:
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1821:
1815:
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1803:
1798:
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1767:
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1576:
1570:
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1554:
1547:
1470:, rather, to be
1446:But in a larger
1077:
1073:
1070:(could, would),
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1046:(benign, sign),
1045:
1042:(taste, waste),
1041:
1037:
1034:(falter, halt),
1033:
1029:
1025:
952:(fairy, fairies)
877:(call, always),
740:(boy, deploying)
722:(stuud, puuding)
466:
407:
288:What TSR changes
177:What TSR retains
166:
162:
107:
104:
98:
96:
55:
27:
19:
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1558:
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1548:
1544:
1539:
1504:shall not have
1372:
1359:use (noun) → ue
1347:purpose → purpo
1296:defense → defen
1272:
1253:
1213:
1189:
1110:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1023:
989:
891:
886:(ought, bought)
878:
873:(law, lawyer),
857:
843:
461:
352:dismay, misrule
290:
179:
174:
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172:
108:
102:
99:
56:
54:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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1993:External links
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1340:necessary → ne
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1149:is retained.
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1091:
1088:
1085:
1082:
1079:
1078:(worm, worst).
1074:(warm, warn),
1058:(folk, yolk),
1050:(find, mind),
1030:(talk, walk),
1020:
1017:
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838:is retained.
833:
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167:⟩, see
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103:September 2023
45:. Please help
31:
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15:
13:
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9:
6:
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1787:According to
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298:Doubling rule
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64: –
63:
59:
58:Find sources:
52:
48:
44:
38:
37:
36:single source
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
1962:Cut Spelling
1931:
1920:
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1747:
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1691:
1680:
1669:
1661:
1651:
1639:
1627:. Retrieved
1622:
1613:
1601:. Retrieved
1596:
1587:
1574:
1559:
1545:
1529:
1525:
1524:, shall not
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1506:died in vain
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1379:
1374:
1373:
1370:Example text
1365:
1360:
1354:
1348:
1341:
1335:
1328:
1327:listen → li
1321:
1315:
1309:
1303:
1297:
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1133:
1129:
1128:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1114:
1111:
1026:(alderman),
990:
949:
941:weak vowels
931:
927:
923:
909:
905:
901:
889:
883:
882:(daughter),
879:
874:
870:
866:
853:
849:
845:
842:is retained.
839:
835:
829:
815:
811:
807:
793:
779:
775:
771:
758:
754:
750:
737:
733:
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488:
477:and examples
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217:
213:
209:
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198:
193:
187:
180:
163:and ⟨
145:
138:
127:
117:(TSR) is an
114:
113:
100:
90:
83:
76:
69:
57:
33:
1510:guvvernment
1500:that these
1353:sense → sen
1334:loose → loo
1320:inside → in
1308:house → hou
796:(star, far)
342:as part of
2067:Categories
2041:2022-06-14
2035:2022-06-14
2029:2022-06-14
2023:2022-06-14
2007:2022-06-14
2001:2022-06-14
1629:27 October
1520:, for the
1487:increassed
1472:deddicated
1450:we cannot
1413:deddicated
1394:deddicated
1284:case → cai
1278:base → bai
844:How about
437:live → liv
359:con-, per-
73:newspapers
1972:SoundSpel
1597:The Times
1528:from the
1516:, by the
1452:deddicate
1429:deddicate
1411:, and so
1409:conceeved
1386:conceeved
1179:becomes '
1169:becomes '
1159:becomes '
1132:turns to
1118:turns to
1103:(create).
875:a(ll, l-)
869:(fraud),
778:(their),
774:(stair),
753:(proud),
655:(banjo),
595:(scene),
577:(neigh),
475:graphemes
414:own → oan
316:ucate, pe
233:from EO.
220:turns to
212:turns to
43:talk page
1946:See also
1603:18 April
1485:we take
1390:libberty
1382:faathers
1302:gas → ga
987:Features
960:/ə/, /ɪ/
930:(hear),
926:(beer),
736:(boil),
692:(Europe)
684:(unit),
676:(tune),
659:(floe),
651:(bone),
617:(side),
599:(feed),
573:(stay),
569:(vein),
565:(laid),
561:(face),
480:remarks
429:silent e
410:low → lo
312:icate, e
214:swimming
161:/ /
157:Help:IPA
1526:perrish
1512:of the
1474:to the
1468:livving
1456:livving
1441:propper
1419:battle-
1400:equal.
1398:creäted
1239:, and r
997:magic e
950:-y, -ie
934:(here).
908:(fir),
904:(her),
884:ough(t)
814:ther),
761:(bough)
688:(few),
680:(due),
633:(buy),
629:(dye),
625:(why),
621:(die),
470:phoneme
450:ther, b
435:, verb
216:, but:
149:in the
87:scholar
1522:peeple
1518:peeple
1514:peeple
1498:resolv
1494:mesure
1480:onored
1344:essary
818:(palm)
782:(bare)
705:(food)
663:(moan)
637:(sigh)
603:(lead)
581:(they)
441:soft C
427:. The
361:(e.g.
350:(e.g.
222:failed
165:
89:
82:
75:
68:
60:
1625:. RTÉ
1476:grait
1448:senss
1433:feeld
1421:feeld
1417:grait
1405:grait
1219:l, ch
1177:Write
1138:grate
1134:grait
1130:Great
920:/ɪər/
912:(fur)
898:/ɜːr/
832:(for)
826:/ɔːr/
790:/ɑːr/
768:/ɛər/
670:/juː/
547:(pun)
533:(pot)
519:(pin)
505:(pen)
491:(pan)
330:snake
249:to be
194:Magic
153:(IPA)
94:JSTOR
80:books
1631:2023
1605:2021
1530:erth
1491:fuul
1464:abuv
1458:and
1392:and
1243:r.
1241:ange
1237:ange
1235:r, r
1233:ange
1229:ange
1227:r, m
1225:ange
1221:ange
1217:ange
1181:rite
1173:.
1167:Know
1157:Hour
1151:Fore
1147:Four
1124:bare
1120:bair
1116:Bear
932:-ere
928:-ear
924:-eer
880:augh
863:/ɔː/
840:Fore
836:Four
804:/ɑː/
780:-are
759:ough
747:/aʊ/
730:/ɔɪ/
699:/uː/
645:/oʊ/
635:-igh
611:/aɪ/
589:/iː/
575:eigh
555:/eɪ/
402:town
400:and
348:mis-
251:and
218:fail
210:swim
199:like
66:news
1977:SR1
1623:RTÉ
1502:ded
1483:ded
1460:ded
1437:liv
1427:to
1425:cum
1388:in
1324:ide
1231:, m
1223:, d
1161:our
946:/i/
856:？
854:oar
850:ore
776:eir
772:air
716:/ʊ/
678:-ue
674:u-e
657:-oe
649:o-e
631:-uy
627:-ye
619:-ie
615:i-e
593:e-e
579:-ey
571:-ay
559:a-e
541:/ʌ/
527:/ɒ/
513:/ɪ/
499:/ɛ/
485:/æ/
398:low
346:or
320:ish
49:by
2069::
1621:.
1595:.
1361:ss
1355:ss
1349:ss
1342:ss
1336:ss
1331:en
1329:ss
1322:ss
1316:ss
1310:ss
1304:ss
1298:ss
1292:ss
1286:ss
1280:ss
1199:aa
1183:.
1171:no
1140:.
1126:.
910:ur
906:ir
902:er
871:aw
867:au
852:,
848:,
846:or
830:or
816:al
812:aa
810:(f
808:aa
794:ar
755:ow
751:ou
738:oy
734:oi
720:uu
703:oo
690:eu
686:ew
661:oa
623:-y
601:ea
597:ee
567:ei
563:ai
454:k.
452:uu
448:aa
443:.)
412:,
406:aʊ
365:);
354:);
339:);
332:);
318:rr
314:dd
310:dd
308:de
1633:.
1607:.
1553:.
1532:.
682:u
653:o
545:u
531:o
517:i
503:e
489:a
416:.
372:.
322:.
302:.
283:.
272:.
265:;
255:;
244:;
228:.
204:(
201:.
192:(
171:.
105:)
101:(
91:·
84:·
77:·
70:·
53:.
39:.
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