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place. The top cymbal is mounted on a thin rod, which is inserted into the hollow cymbal stand. The thin rod is connected to a foot pedal. When the foot pedal is pressed down, it causes the thin rod to move down, causing the upper cymbal to move and strike the lower. When the foot is lifted off the pedal, the upper cymbal rises, due to the pedal's spring-loaded mechanism. The hi-hats can be sounded by striking the cymbals with one or two sticks or just by closing and opening the cymbals with the foot pedal. The ability to create rhythms on the hi-hats with the foot alone expands the drummer's ability to create sounds, as the hands are freed up to play on the drums or other cymbals. Different sounds can be created by striking "open hi-hats" (without the pedal depressed, which creates a noisy sound nicknamed "sloppy hats") or a crisp "closed hi-hats" sound (with the pedal pressed down). High hats can also be struck with the pedal partially depressed.
523:
1638:(audio monitor) system is usually fed from the electronic sounds rather than the live acoustic sounds. The drums can be heavily dampened (made to resonate less or have the sound subdued), and their tuning and quality is less critical in the latter scenario. In this way, much of the atmosphere of the live performance is retained in a large venue, but without some of the problems associated with purely microphone-amplified drums. Triggers and sensors can also be used in conjunction with conventional or built-in microphones. If some components of a kit prove more difficult to mic than others (e.g., an excessively "boomy" low tom), triggers may be used on only the more difficult instruments, balancing out a drummer's/band's sound in the mix.
1522:), to using a mix of acoustic drums/cymbals and electronic pads, to using an acoustic kit in which the drums and cymbals have triggers, which can be used to sound electronic drums and other sounds, to having an exclusively electronic kit, which is often set up with the rubber or mesh drum pads and rubber "cymbals" in the usual drum kit locations. A fully electronic kit weighs much less and takes up less space to transport than an acoustic kit and it can be set up more quickly. One of the disadvantages of a fully electronic kit is that it may not have the same "feel" as an acoustic kit, and the drum sounds, even if they are high-quality samples, may not sound the same as acoustic drums.
2695:(from a recording or from another musician who is playing or singing the song) and improvise. The degree of improvisation differs among different styles. Jazz and jazz fusion drummers may have lengthy improvised solos in every song. In rock music and blues, there are also drum solos in some songs, although they tend to be shorter than those in jazz. Drummers in all popular music and traditional music styles are expected to be able to improvise accompaniment parts to songs, once they are told the genre or style (e.g., shuffle, ballad, blues).
2627:
2590:. In live sound applications, drum shields are used so that the audio engineer can have more control over the volume of drums that the audience hears through the PA system mix, or to reduce the overall volume of the drums, as a way to reduce the overall volume of the band. In some recording studios, foam and fabric baffles are used in addition to, or in place of, clear panels. The drawback with foam/cloth baffle panels is that the drummer cannot see well other performers, the record producer, or the audio engineer.
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advantage), and helps to prevent damage to the flooring or floor coverings. In shows where multiple drummers will bring their kits onstage over the night, it is common for drummers to mark the location of their stands and pedals with tape, to allow for quicker positioning of a kit to a drummer's accustomed position. Bass drums and hi-hat stands commonly have retractable spikes, to help them grip surfaces such as carpet, or rubber feet, to remain stationary on hard surfaces.
1104:
1214:. The hi-hat has a similar function to the ride cymbal; the two are rarely played consistently for long periods at the same time, but one or the other is often used to keep what is known as the "ride rhythm" (e.g., eighth or sixteenth notes) in a song. The hi-hats are played by the right stick of a right-handed drummer. Changing between ride and hi-hat, or between either and a "leaner" sound with neither, is often used to mark a change from one song section to another.
977:
1498:; as such, the volume of electronic drums can be much lower than an acoustic kit. Some use electronic drums as practice instruments because they can be listened to with headphones, which enable a drummer to practice without disturbing others. Others use electronic drums to take advantage of the huge range of sounds that modern drum modules can produce, which range from sampled sounds of real drums, cymbals, and percussion instruments such as gongs or
1514:. Also, even after all the individual drum and cymbal mics are sound checked, the engineer needs to listen to the drummer play a standard groove, to check that the balance between the kit instruments is right. Finally, the engineer needs to set up the monitor mix for the drummer, which the drummer uses to hear their instruments and the instruments and vocals of the rest of the band. With a fully electronic kit, many of these steps can be eliminated.
1898:
but rock kits may use 24", fusion 20", jazz 18", and, in larger bands, up to 26". A second crash cymbal is common, typically an inch or two larger or smaller than the 16" one, with the larger of the two to the right for a right-handed drummer. A big band drummer may use crashes up to 20" and a ride up to 24" or, very rarely, 26". A rock kit may also substitute a larger ride cymbal or larger hi-hats, typically 22" for the ride and 15" for the hats.
1277:
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2018:
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1817:) and often displacing the cymbal, or by adding a floor tom. Normally another cymbal is added as well, so there are separate ride and crash cymbals, either on two stands, or the ride cymbal mounted on the bass drum to the player's right and the crash cymbal on a separate stand. The standard cymbal sizes are 16" for the crash, and 18"–20", ride, with the 20" ride cymbal the most common.
1441:
864:
2383:
1990:
1478:
2612:, held on the lap, on a leg, or mounted on a stand, is used for near-silent practice with drumsticks. A set of practice pads mounted to simulate an entire drum kit is known as a practice kit. In the 2010s, these have largely been superseded by electronic drums, which can be listened to with headphones for quiet practice and by kits with non-sounding mesh heads.
1304:, are known as accent cymbals. While any cymbal can be used to provide an accent, the term is more narrowly applied to cymbals for which the main purpose is to provide an accent. Accent cymbals include chime cymbals, small-bell domed cymbals, and those cymbals with a clear sonorous/oriental chime to them, such as specialized crash, splash, and china cymbals.
2639:
hexagonal. Ratchet-type wrenches allow high-tension drums to be tuned easily. Spin keys (utilizing a ball joint) allow for rapid head changing. Torque-wrench keys are available, graphically revealing the torque given to each lug. Also, tension gauges, or meters, which are set on the head, aid drummers to achieve a consistent tuning. Drummers can tune drums "
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2350:
1981:
reduce the visual impact of a large kit, kits that need to fit into small spaces in coffeehouses, traveling kits to reduce luggage volume, and junior kits for very young players. Smaller drums also tend to be quieter, again suiting smaller venues, and many of these kits extend this with extra muffling, which allows for quiet or even silent practice.
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sounds to specific triggers. Recordings or samples of barking dogs, sirens, breaking glass, and stereo recordings of aircraft taking off and landing have all been used. Along with the more obvious electronically generated drums, there are other sounds that (depending on the device used) can also be played/triggered by electronic drums.
751:
drummer's sets were starting to evolve in size to support the various acts. However, by 1930, films with audio were more popular, and many were accompanied by pre-recorded soundtracks. This technological breakthrough put thousands of drummers who served as sound effects specialists out of work, with some drummers obtaining work as
1046:(four-piece, five-piece, etc.) is largely a reflection of the number of toms, as conventionally only the drums are counted, and these configurations all contain one snare and one or more bass drums, (though not regularly any standardized use of two bass/kick drums) the balance usually being made up by toms.
3129:
Information on Dodds is found in his own contemporary journals/biography "The Baby Dodds Story" – Louisiana State
University Press, 1992, and from a contemporary witness – drummer George Wettling, who confirms that Dodds was the first drummer to keep the now-famous broken-triplet beat that became the
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for tuning their drums and adjusting some drum hardware. Besides the basic type of drum key (a T-handled wrench) there are various tuning wrenches and tools. Basic drum keys are divided into three types which allows for tuning of three types of tuning screws on drums: square (most used), slotted, and
2512:
Drummers using electronic drums, drum machines, or hybrid acoustic-electric kits (which blend traditional acoustic drums and cymbals with electronic pads) typically use a monitor speaker, keyboard amplifier, or even a small PA system to hear the electronic drum sounds. Even a drummer playing entirely
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frequencies, or overall volume on a snare, bass, or tom. Controlling the ring is useful in studio or live settings when unwanted frequencies can clash with other instruments in the mix. There are internal and external muffling devices which rest on the inside or outside of the drumhead, respectively.
1876:
If a second hanging tom is used, it is 10" diameter and 8" deep for fusion, or 13" diameter and one inch deeper than for the 12" diameter tom. Otherwise, a 14" diameter hanging tom is added to the 12", both being 8" deep. In any case, both toms are most often mounted on the bass drum with the smaller
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Trigger pads and drums, on the other hand, when deployed in a conventional set-up, are most commonly used to produce sounds not possible with an acoustic kit, or at least not with what is available. Any sound that can be sampled/recorded can be played when the pad is struck, by assigning the recorded
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Trigger sensors are most commonly used to replace the acoustic drum sounds, but they can also be used effectively with an acoustic kit to augment or supplement an instrument's sound for the needs of the session or show. For example, in a live performance in a difficult acoustical space, a trigger may
1202:
Hi-hat cymbals (nicknamed "hats") consist of two cymbals mounted, one upside down, with their bottoms facing each other, on a hollow metal support cylinder with folding support legs that keep the support cylinder vertical. Like the bass drum, the hi-hat has a foot pedal. The bottom cymbal is fixed in
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or a double pedal on a single bass drum, which enables a drummer to play a double-bass-drum style with only one drum. This saves space in recording/performance areas and reduces time and effort during set-up, taking down, and transportation. Double bass drumming is a technique used in certain genres,
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Budget constraints and space considerations in musical theater pit orchestras led bandleaders to pressure percussionists to cover more percussion parts. Metal consoles were developed to hold
Chinese tom-toms, with swing-out stands for snare drums and cymbals. On top of the console was a "contraption"
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Some drummers wear special drummer's gloves to improve their grip on the sticks when they play. Drumming gloves often have a textured grip surface made of a synthetic or rubber material and mesh or vents on the parts of the glove not used to hold sticks, to ventilate perspiration. Some drummers wear
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are used for overheads and room mics, an approach which is more common with sound recording applications. Close miking of drums may be done using stands or by mounting the microphones on the rims of the drums, or even using microphones built into the drum itself, which eliminates the need for stands
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Other kits will normally have 12" and 13" hanging toms and either a 14" hanging tom on a stand, a 14" floor tom, or a 16" floor tom. It is common to have 10" and 12" hanging toms, with a 16" floor tom. This configuration is often called a hybrid setup. The bass drum is most commonly 22" in diameter,
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performance controllers, after electronic keyboards. Drum controllers may be built into drum machines, they may be standalone control surfaces (e.g., rubber drum pads), or they may emulate the look and feel of acoustic percussion instruments. The pads built into drum machines are typically too small
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Electronic drums are used for many reasons. Some drummers use electronic drums for playing in small venues, such as coffeehouses or church services, where a very low volume for the band is desired. Since fully electronic drums do not create any acoustic sound (apart from the quiet sound of the stick
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Drum kit music is either written in music notation (called "drum parts"), learned and played by ear, improvised, or some combination of any of all three of these methods. Professional session musician drummers and big-band drummers are often required to read drum parts. Drum parts are most commonly
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to improve the bass response at the lowest frequencies. Bass drumhead patches protect the drumhead from the impact of the felt beater. Bass drum pillows are fabric bags with filling or stuffing that can be used to alter the tone or resonance of the bass drum. A less expensive alternative to using a
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that are playing in a small bar, will often just use acoustic drums. Of course, if the same small jazz groups play on the mainstage of a big jazz festival, the drums will be miced so that they can be adjusted in the sound system mix. A middle-ground approach is used by some bands that play in small
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Muffling the bass can be achieved with the same muffling techniques as for the snare, but bass drums in a drum kit are more commonly muffled by adding pillows, a sleeping bag, or other soft filling inside the drum, between the heads. Cutting a small hole in the resonant head can also produce a more
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Multiple snare drums, usually in the form of side snares. A side snare is usually positioned to the left of the drummer (opposite the floor toms and to the left of the hi hat). Side snares are used, similarly to effects cymbals, when an additional and different sound is required. Generally only one
1980:
Although these kits may be small with respect to the number of drums used, the drums themselves are most often of normal size, or even larger in the case of the bass drum. Kits using smaller drums, in both smaller and larger configurations, are for particular uses, such as boutique kits designed to
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A three-piece drum set is the most basic set. A conventional three-piece kit consists of a bass drum, a 14"-diameter snare drum, 12"–14" hi-hats, a single 12"-diameter hanging tom, 8"–9" in depth, and a suspended 14"–18" cymbal, the latter two mounted on the bass drum. These kits were common in the
750:
In the 1920s, freelance drummers were hired to play at shows, concerts, theaters, and clubs to support dancers and musicians of various genres. Orchestras were hired to accompany silent films, and the drummer was responsible for providing the sound effects. Sheet music from the 1920s shows that the
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is used, while previously the bass clef was used. However, even if the bass, or no, clef is used, each line and space is assigned an instrument in the kit, rather than a pitch. In jazz, traditional music, folk music, rock music, and pop music, drummers are expected to be able to learn songs by ear
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or from cloth-backed vinyl. They give minimal protection from bumps and impacts, but they do protect drums and cymbals from precipitation. They are adequate for drums transported in private vehicles to local gigs and sessions. They are often the only option for young drummers who are just starting
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A trigger pad could contain up to four independent sensors, each of them capable of sending information describing the timing and dynamic intensity of a stroke to the drum module/brain. A circular drum pad may have only one sensor for triggering, but a 2016-era cymbal-shaped rubber pad/cymbal will
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than acoustic drums, assuming that the electronic drum module has levels that the drummer has preset in their practice room; in contrast, when an acoustic kit is sound checked, most drums and cymbals need to be mic'd and each mic needs to be tested by the drummer so its level and tone equalization
1163:
Most drummers have a single main ride, located near their dominant hand – within easy playing reach, as it is used regularly – often a 20"–22" in diameter, but diameters of 16"–26" are not uncommon. It is usually a medium-heavy- to heavy-weight cymbal whose sound that
605:
Before the development of the classic drum kit, drums and cymbals used in military and orchestral music settings were played separately by different percussionists. In the 1840s, percussionists began to experiment with foot pedals as a way to enable them to play more than one instrument, but these
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The five-piece kit is the full-size kit and is the most common configuration used across various genres and styles. It adds a third tom to the four-piece kit, making for three toms in all. A fusion kit will normally add a 14" tom, either a floor tom or a hanging tom on a stand to the right of the
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12 inches in diameter and 8 inches deep would be described by Tama as 8 inches × 12 inches, but by Pearl as 12 inches × 8 inches, and a standard diameter Ludwig snare drum 5 inches deep is a 5-inch × 14-inch instrument, while the UK's
Premier Manufacturer offers the same dimensions as a 14-inch ×
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Crash cymbals are usually the strongest accent markers within the kit, marking crescendos and climaxes, vocal entries, and major changes of mood, swells, and effects. A crash cymbal is often accompanied by a strong kick on the bass drum pedal, both for musical effect and to support the stroke. It
842:
A drum solo is an instrumental section that highlights the drums. While other instrument solos are typically accompanied by the other rhythm section instruments (e.g., bass guitar and electric guitar), for most drum solos, the band members stop playing so that all focus will be on the drummer. In
742:
after observing Dodds' drumming. Dodds asked Ludwig to raise the newly produced low-hat cymbal nine inches to make them easier to play, thus creating the modern hi-hat cymbal. Dodds was one of the first drummers to play the broken-triplet beat that became the standard rhythm of modern ride cymbal
2215:
Sticks are traditionally made from wood (particularly maple, hickory, and oak), but more recently, metal, carbon fiber, and other materials have been used for sticks. The prototypical wooden drum stick was primarily designed for use with the snare drum, and optimized for playing snare rudiments.
1287:
Some cymbals may be considered effects in some kits but "basic" in another set of components. Likewise, Ozone crashes have the same purpose as a standard crash cymbal, but are considered to be effects cymbals due to their rarity, and the holes cut into them, which provide a darker, more resonant
823:
is a departure from the repetitive rhythm pattern in a song. A drum fill can be used to "fill in" the space between the end of one verse and the beginning of another verse or chorus. Fills vary from a simple few strokes on a tom or snare to a distinctive rhythm played on the hi-hat, to sequences
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Some drummers arrive at the venue with their drum kit and use the mics and mic stands provided by the venue's sound engineer. Other drummers bring all their own mics, or selected mics (e.g., good-quality snare and bass drum mics), to ensure that they have good quality mics on hand. In bars and
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of acoustic drum sounds. Different drum software products offer a recording function, the ability to select from several acoustically distinctive drum kits (e.g., jazz, rock, metal), as well as the option to incorporate different songs into the session. Some computer software can turn any hard
2598:
Drummers often bring a carpet, mats, or rugs to venues to prevent the bass drum and hi-hat stand from "crawling" (moving away) on a slippery surface, which can be caused by the drum head striking the bass drum. The carpet also reduces short reverberations (which is generally but not always an
649:
and dance feel. The drum kit was initially referred to as a "trap set", and from the late 1800s to the 1930s, drummers were referred to as "trap drummers". By the 1870s, drummers were using an overhang pedal. Most drummers in the 1870s preferred to do double-drumming without any pedal to play
2517:. Drummers are often given a large speaker cabinet with a 15" subwoofer to help them monitor their bass drum sound (along with a full-range monitor speaker to hear the rest of their kit). Some sound engineers and drummers prefer to use an electronic vibration system, colloquially known as a "
650:
multiple drums, rather than use an overhang pedal. Companies patented their pedal systems, such as that of drummer Edward "Dee Dee" Chandler of New
Orleans in 1904 or 1905. This led to the bass drum being played by percussionists standing and using their feet, hence the term "kick drum".
1905:. Adding cymbals beyond the basic ride, hi-hats, and one-crash configuration requires more stands, in addition to the standard drum hardware packs. Because of this, many higher-cost kits for professionals are sold with little or no hardware, to allow the drummer to choose the stands and
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are common objects. Also used are external clip-on muffles. Internal mufflers that lie on the inside of the drumhead are often built into a drum, but are generally considered less effective than external muffles, as they stifle the initial tone, rather than simply reducing its sustain.
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can be mounted alongside other kit components. These pads make no significant acoustic sound themselves (if not modified to do otherwise), but are used purely to trigger the electronic sounds from the "drum brain". They are played with the same drum sticks as are used on other drum kit
3408:
Dodds' way of playing press rolls ultimately evolved into the standard jazz ride-cymbal pattern. Whereas many drummers would play very short press rolls on the backbeats, Dodds would start his rolls on the backbeats but extend each one to the following beat, providing a smoother time
1074:
are tuned much higher than a tom of the same diameter, typically have drum shells made of metal, and are normally played with very light, thin, non-tapered sticks. Timbales are more common in Latin music. They have thin heads and a very different tone than a tom but are used by some
1921:
kits were often offered in a five-piece kit, usually with one plastic crash cymbal trigger and one ride cymbal trigger. Fully electronic drums do not produce any acoustic sound beyond the quiet tapping of sticks on the plastic or rubber heads. Their trigger-pads are wired up to a
1312:
Low-volume cymbals are a specialty type of cymbal, made to produce about 80% less volume than a typical cymbal. The entire surface of the cymbal is perforated by holes. Drummers use low-volume cymbals to play in small venues or as a way to practice without disturbing others.
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muffled tone, and allows the manipulation of internally placed muffling. The Evans EQ pad places a pad against the batterhead and, when struck, the pad moves off the head momentarily, then returns to rest against the head, thus reducing the sustain without choking the tone.
2216:
Sticks come in a variety of weights and tip designs; 7N is a common jazz stick with a nylon tip, while a 5B is a common wood tipped stick, heavier than a 7N but with a similar profile, and a common standard for beginners. Numbers range from 1 (heaviest) to 10 (lightest).
1082:
are reduced-diameter timbales designed for drum kit usage, the smaller diameter allowing for thicker heads providing the same pitch and head tension. They are recognizable in genres of the 2010s and more traditional forms of Latin, reggae, and numerous other styles.
964:. Its distinctive sound can be attributed to the bed of stiff metal wires held under tension against the bottom head (known as the snare head). When the top head (known as the batter head) is struck with a drumstick, the snare wires vibrate, creating a snappy,
1086:
Gong drums are a rare extension of a drum kit. This single-headed mountable drum appears similar to a bass drum (around 20–24 inches in diameter) but is played with sticks rather than a foot-operated pedal and therefore has the same purpose as a floor tom.
2365:. Using a sizzler is the non-destructive alternative to drilling holes in a cymbal and putting metal rivets in the holes. Another benefit of using a "sizzler" chain is that the chain is removable, with the cymbal being easily returned to its normal sound.
606:
devices would not be mass-produced for another 75 years. By the 1860s, percussionists started combining multiple drums into a kit. The bass drum, snare drum, cymbals, and other percussion instruments were all struck with hand-held drumsticks. Drummers in
614:
was often limited due to an insufficient amount of money able to purchase a full percussionist team. This contributed to the creation of the drum kit by developing techniques and devices that would enable one person to replace multiple percussionists.
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cannot be played with drumsticks without risking damage to the head and bearing edge, which is not protected by a metal drum rim. For use in a drum kit, they may be fitted with a metal drum head and played with sticks with care, or played by hand.
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A stick bag is the standard way for a drummer to bring drumsticks to a live performance. For easy access, the stick bag is commonly mounted on the side of the floor tom, just within reach of the drummer's right hand, for a right-handed drummer.
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several bars long that are short virtuosic drum solos. As well as adding interest and variation to the music, fills serve an important function in indicating significant changes of sections in songs as well as linking them together. A
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are usually muted with the fingers or hand, to reduce the length or volume of ringing (e.g., the cymbal choke technique which is a key part of heavy metal drumming). Cymbals can also be muted with special rubber rings or duct tape.
734:, modified the military marching setup, experimenting with playing the drum rims instead of woodblocks, hitting cymbals with sticks (which was not yet common), and adding a side cymbal above the bass drum, which became known as the
621:
was developed to enable one person to play both bass and snare drums with sticks, while the cymbals could be played by tapping the foot on a "low-boy". With this approach, the bass drum was usually played on beats one and three (in
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techniques. Once the drums are recorded, the other instruments (rhythm guitar, piano, etc.), and then vocals, are added. To ensure that the drum tempo is consistent at this type of recording, the drummer usually plays along with a
2109:, thinner and larger than the main ride, was once common as a second ride or crash/ride, even in a four-piece kit, but is now less so (jazz drummers, however, may still have two or more ride cymbals, even as part of a small kit).
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consisting of one splash and one china, or more rarely a second crash, a splash, and a china, to match some of their starter packs of ride, crash, and hi-hats. However, any combination of options can be found in the marketplace.
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that mute the attached microphone when the signal is below a threshold volume. This allows the sound engineer to use a higher overall volume for the drum kit by reducing the number of "active" mics which could produce unwanted
1232:
In jazz, using the smallest kits and at very high volumes, ride cymbals may be played with the technique and sound of a crash cymbal. Some hi-hats will also give a useful crash, particularly thinner hats or those with a severe
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can be used to extend the range of tom-toms, particularly when the drummer owns them for other musical settings; a traditional timbale is tuned far higher than a tom of the same diameter, so the result is not always the most
1001:
Tom-tom drums, or toms for short, are drums without snares and played with sticks (or whatever tools the music style requires) and are the most numerous drums in most kits. They provide the bulk of most drum fills and solos.
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of the two next to the hi-hats (which are to the left for a right-handed drummer). These kits are particularly useful for smaller venues, where space is limited, such as coffeehouses, cafés, hotel lounges, and small pubs.
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took the idea of marching rhythms and combined the bass drum, snare drum, and "traps" – a term used to refer to the percussion instruments associated with immigrant groups, which included miniature cymbals,
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Another type of drum muffler is a piece of rubber that fits over the entire drumhead or cymbal. It interrupts contact between the stick and the head, which dampens the sound. They are typically used in practice settings.
2333:. Drums have also been used for therapy and learning purposes, such as when an experienced player will sit with a number of students and by the end of the session have all of them relaxed and playing complex rhythms.
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can adjust the levels of the drums and cymbals, some bands that play quieter genres of music and in small venues, such as coffeehouses, play acoustically, without mics or PA amplification. Small jazz groups, such as
1778:
5-inch snare. The sizes of drums and cymbals given below are typical. Many instruments differ slightly or radically from them. Where no size is given, it is because there is too much variety to give a typical size.
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Drum kits are traditionally categorized by the number of drums, ignoring cymbals and other instruments. Snare, tom-tom, and bass drums are always counted; other drums, such as octobans, may or may not be counted.
2607:
Drummers use a variety of accessories when practicing. Metronomes and beat counters are used to develop a sense of a steady beat. Drum muffling pads may be used to lessen the volume of drums during practicing. A
896:, in which both sticks are held the same way, which is considerably more popular among younger generations of drummers these days, and even some older drummers who may have been in a band in the 80s and so forth.
843:
some drum solos, the other rhythm section instrumentalists may play "punches" at certain points – sudden, loud chords of short duration. Drum solos are common in jazz but are also used in several
1969:. Some rockabilly kits and beginner kits for very young players omit the hi-hat stand. In rockabilly, this allows the drummer to play standing rather than seated. A very simple jazz kit for informal or amateur
2242:(known to kit drummers as "soft sticks") may be used. It is not uncommon for rock drummers to use the "wrong" (butt) end of a stick for a heavier sound; some makers produce tipless sticks with two butt ends.
1571:
are sensors that can be attached to acoustic drum kit components. In this way, an electronic drum sound will be produced when the instrument is played/struck, as well as the original acoustic sound, if so
1517:
Drummers' usage of electronic drum equipment can range from adding a single electronic pad to an entire drum kit (e.g., to have access to an instrument that might otherwise be impractical, such as a large
2521:" or "throne thumper" to monitor the bass drum, because this lowers the stage volume. With a "butt shaker", the "thump" of each bass drum strike causes a vibration in the drum stool; this way the drummer
1133:
were brought to market to provide entry-level cymbals for the novice drummer. The kits normally contain four cymbals: one ride, one crash, and a pair of hi-hats. Some contain only three cymbals, using a
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bass drum; in either case, making the tom lineup 10", 12" and 14". Having three toms enables drummers to have high-, middle-, and low-pitched toms, which gives them more options for fills and solos.
1444:
Triggers sensors in use, here they are red and mounted on the rims of the snare drum, bass drum and hanging toms. The larger box in the same color of red is the "brain" to which they are connected.
1156:
The ride cymbal is most often used for keeping a constant rhythm pattern, every beat or more often, as the music requires. Development of this ride technique is generally credited to jazz drummer
1122:
in music are cymbals, a version of which were used throughout the ancient Near East very early in the Bronze Age period. Cymbals are mostly associated with Turkey and
Turkish craftsmanship, where
2711:
carved with an engraving needle, sound balancing meant that musicians had to be moved back in the room. Drums were often put far from the horn (part of the mechanical transducer) to reduce sound
747:. Recording technology was crude, which meant loud sounds could distort the recording. To get around this, Dodds used woodblocks and drum rims as quieter alternatives to cymbals and drum skins.
1068:
are smaller toms designed for use in a drum kit, extending the tom range upwards in pitch, primarily by their great depth and small diameter. They are also called rocket toms and tube toms.
2368:
Some sizzlers feature pivoting arms that allow the chains to be quickly lowered onto, or raised from, the cymbal, allowing the effect to be used for some songs and removed for others.
1945:
If the toms are omitted completely, or the bass drum is replaced by a pedal-operated beater on the bottom skin of a floor tom and the hanging toms omitted, the result is a two-piece
2341:
There are various types of stick holder accessories, including bags that can be attached to a drum and angled sheath-style stick holders, which can hold a single pair of sticks.
2513:
acoustic drums may use a monitor speaker to hear the drums, especially if playing in a loud rock or metal band, where there is substantial onstage volume from large, powerful
2464:
venues: they do not mic every drum and cymbal, but only the instruments that the sound engineer wants to be able to control in the mix, such as the bass drum and the snare.
2416:
As with all musical instruments, the best protection is provided by a combination of a hard-shelled case with interior padding, such as foam, next to the drums and cymbals.
1206:
A unique effect can be created by striking an open hi-hat (where the two cymbals are apart) and then closing the cymbals with the foot pedal. This effect is widely used in
2275:
and duct tape, and improvised methods, such as placing a wallet near the edge of the head. Some drummers muffle the sound of a drum by putting a cloth over the drumhead.
921:
The bass drum (also known as the "kick drum") is the lowest-pitched drum and usually provides the beat or timing element with basic pulse patterns. Some drummers may use
855:
that would otherwise be unsuitable with an ensemble. In live concerts, drummers may be given extended drum solos, even in genres where drum solos are rare on recordings.
679:, drum kits were often marching-band-style bass drums with many percussion items around them and suspended from them. Drum kits became a central part of jazz, especially
4148:
828:
is a short drum fill that introduces a singer's entrance into the piece. A fill ending with a cymbal crash on beat one is often used to lead into a chorus or verse.
719:
tray (shortened to "trap"), used to hold items like whistles, klaxons, and cowbells. These kits were dubbed "trap kits". Hi-hat stands became available around 1926.
2211:
Tools of the trade: 7N, 5B, "double bummer", and side drum No. 3 sticks, standard 19 cane rutes, sheathed 7 cane rutes, nylon brushes, steel brushes, and cartwheels
667:
In 1912, drummers replaced sticks with wire brushes and, later, metal fly swatters as the louder sounds made by using drumsticks could overpower other instruments.
1935:
1787:
1950s and 1960s and are still used. It is a common configuration of kits sold through mail order, and, with smaller sized drums and cymbals, of kits for children.
4591:
715:. They started incorporating these elements into ragtime, which had been popular for a few decades, creating an approach that evolved into a jazz drumming style.
2219:
The meanings of both numbers and letters vary from manufacturer to manufacturer, and some sticks are not described using this system at all, just being known as
3139:
pp. 8–9, Jon Cohan's- "Star Sets"- Wording, see page nine; paragraphs 1–4. Further: see the
Percussive Arts Society, 'Hall of Fame' Article, by Rick Mattingly].
2361:
is a metal chain, or combination of chains, that is hung across a cymbal, creating a distinctive metallic sound when the cymbal is struck, similar to that of a
371:
4536:
2281:
Typical ways to muffle a snare or tom include placing an object on the outer edge of the drumhead. A piece of cloth, a wallet, gel, or fitted rings made of
2571:
In some styles or settings—such as country music clubs or churches, small venues, or when a live recording is being made—the drummer may use a transparent
149:
2488:
at any one time. When a drum kit is entirely miked and amplified through the sound reinforcement system, the drummer or the sound engineer can add other
1669:
Hardware is the name given to the metal stands that support the drums, cymbals, and other percussion instruments. Generally, the term also includes the
1538:
are playable with hands or sticks and are often built to resemble the general form of acoustic drums. There are also percussion controllers such as the
1260:
when used in a drum kit, though this is a non-classical or colloquial designation that has become standardized. Most extended kits include one or more
2402:
Mid-price hard cases are of similar construction to suitcases, commonly made of fiber composite. The offer more protection from bumps than cloth bags.
1357:, particularly mounted on the hi-hat stand above the cymbals; an ordinary tambourine can be used, or a tambourine produced specially for drum kit use.
1172:, or other exotic or lighter metal rides, as the main or only ride in their kit, particularly for jazz, gospel, or ballad/folk sounds. In the 1960s,
4480:
522:
4571:
3634:
1873:
patterns, the lack of second hanging tom in a four-piece kit allows the cymbal to be positioned closer to the drummer, making it easier to play.
2471:, which can handle high sound-pressure levels, are usually used to close-mic drums, which is predominantly the way to mic drums for live shows.
1634:
The sound of electronic drums and cymbals themselves is heard by the drummer and possibly other musicians in close proximity, but, even so, the
637:
time). While the music was first designed to accompany marching soldiers, this simple and straightforward drumming approach led to the birth of
4170:
3358:
3319:
2989:
2950:
1502:
that would be impractical to take to a small gig, to electronic and synthesized sounds, including non-instrument sounds such as ocean waves.
1075:
drummers/percussionists to extend the tom range upwards. Alternatively, they can be fitted with tom heads and tuned as shallow concert toms.
2227:(typically a 2B or 3B) for example. Many famous drummers endorse sticks made to their particular preference and sold under their signature.
4141:
3971:
3055:
3724:
889:
in marching ensembles where the sticks are most commonly held with an overhand grip for the right hand and an underhand grip for the left
3776:
3391:
1560:
triggers can also be installed into acoustic drum and percussion instruments. Pads that trigger a MIDI device can be homemade from a
3919:
3158:
3114:
3064:
1809:
A four-piece kit extends the three-piece by adding one tom, either a second hanging tom mounted on the bass drum (a notable user is
592:
364:
119:
2504:
nightclubs, the microphones supplied by the venue can sometimes be in substandard condition, due to the heavy use they experience.
2731:) in headphones. The ability to play accurately along with a click track has become an important skill for professional drummers.
1741:
Drummers often set up their own drum hardware onstage and adjust it to their comfort level. Major bands on tour will often have a
4510:
3750:
960:. When applied in this fashion, it supplies strong regular accents played by the non-dominant hand and is the backbone for many
150:
4611:
4606:
4576:
4277:
4134:
3697:
4187:
4166:
3089:
2718:
In the 2020s, drum parts in many popular music styles are often recorded apart from the other instruments and singers, using
1413:
1367:
574:
57:
3601:
1745:
who knows how to set up the drummer's hardware and instruments in the desired location and with the desired configuration.
4596:
4515:
4505:
4385:
4178:
3936:
1387:
2667:
4551:
4495:
1635:
1596:
357:
1650:
Virtual drums are a type of audio software that simulates the sound of a drum kit using synthesized drum kit sounds or
1142:
below. Most drummers extend the normal configuration by adding another crash, a splash, and/or a china/effects cymbal.
100:
161:
160:
155:
2386:
From left: traps case, floor tom case, snare case (front), twin hanging toms case, cymbal case, bass drum case (rear)
1909:
they prefer. At the other extreme, many inexpensive, entry-level kits are sold as a five-piece kit complete with two
774:
Kit drumming, whether accompanying voices and other instruments or performing a drum solo, consists of two elements:
72:
4541:
4500:
4449:
3807:
2740:
2447:
2322:
1973:
consists of a bass drum, snare drum, and hi-hat, often with only a single cymbal (normally a ride, with or without
1058:
3550:
3524:
851:
and progressive rock. During drum solos, drummers have a degree of creative freedom, allowing them to use complex
159:
4581:
570:
53:
2626:
79:
3964:
2774:
1934:
1530:
and fragile to be played with sticks, so they are usually played with fingers. Dedicated drum pads such as the
2643:" or use a digital drum tuner, which "measures tympanic pressure" on the drumhead to provide accurate tuning.
156:
152:
151:
782:
that sets the basic time-feel and provides a rhythmic framework for the song (examples include a backbeat or
4601:
4586:
2942:
1842:
1803:
1730:
Assorted accessories such as spare washers, cymbal sleeves, wire snare cords, washers for tension rods, etc.
1587:(sound module/"brain") with suitable sampled/modeled or synthesized drum sounds, amplification equipment (a
1198:
Two hi-hat cymbals mounted in a pedal-operated stand, which allows the drummer to close or open the cymbals.
563:
46:
3832:
2586:) to dampen the onstage volume of the drums. A screen that completely surrounds the drum kit is known as a
154:
4390:
3940:
3226:
1913:, most often one straight and one boom, and some even with a standard cymbal pack, a stool, and a pair of
1344:
712:
343:
153:
145:
86:
3201:
1118:
In most drum kits and drum/percussion kits, cymbals are as prominent as the drums themselves. The oldest
4400:
4157:
2881:
2656:
2171:
1620:
1460:
1269:
653:
531:
413:
3631:
3344:
1795:
1237:. Alternatively, specialized crash/ride and ride/crash cymbals are designed to combine both functions.
2005:, consisting of double bass drums, two-floor toms, and an extended set of cymbals (three crashes with
1485:, are often built in the form of an acoustic drum kit. The unit's sound module is mounted to the left.
4325:
2719:
2472:
2358:
1889:
A basic five-piece kit, with one crash cymbal and no effects cymbals, complete with throne and sticks
1561:
1393:
1348:
922:
708:
273:
68:
3421:
1607:
often contain two; one for the body and one for the bell at the center of the cymbal, and perhaps a
1321:
157:
4459:
4439:
4070:
3957:
2652:
1670:
1189:
1103:
288:
162:
3278:
3013:
4556:
4454:
4115:
4045:
3175:
2809:
2789:
2754:
2670:
2468:
1491:
801:
527:
158:
2539:
A number of accessories are designed for the bass drum. The bass drum can take advantage of the
2330:
976:
3498:
2975:
2476:
for such microphones, reducing both clutter and set-up time, as well as better isolating them.
4561:
4490:
4060:
4020:
3915:
3720:
3473:
3364:
3354:
3325:
3315:
3154:
3110:
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3060:
2995:
2985:
2956:
2946:
2708:
2544:
2485:
2231:
2065:
2049:
1994:
1769:, both measured in inches. Many drum kit manufacturers have recently been expressing sizes as
1742:
1301:
927:
872:
848:
797:
727:
500:
454:
248:
2134:
Less common extensions found particularly, but not exclusively, in very large kits, include:
4546:
3772:
3395:
2846:
2799:
2514:
2313:
Muffled drums are often associated with funeral ceremonies as well, such as the funerals of
2239:
2045:
2002:
1938:
1714:
1651:
1472:
1417:
1325:
931:
882:
793:
444:
3857:
1623:
so the audience can hear them, and they can be amplified to any level without the risks of
4413:
4105:
4065:
3638:
2891:
2876:
2543:
speaker design, in which a tuned port (a hole and a carefully measured tube) are put in a
2439:
2318:
2117:
1950:
1918:
1914:
1906:
1885:
1829:, and 16" otherwise. This configuration is common in jazz and rock. Notable users include
1719:
1674:
1600:
1568:
783:
731:
695:
661:
618:
607:
338:
333:
3253:
2684:
groove with bass (bottom), back beat snare, and cymbal (top) is common in popular music.
4566:
4444:
4418:
4085:
4075:
4035:
2981:
2886:
2640:
2528:
2479:
For some styles of music, drummers use electronic effects on drums, such as individual
2451:
2314:
2032:
1902:
1838:
1799:
1624:
1551:
1531:
1511:
1482:
1464:
1297:
1280:
1257:
1251:
1234:
779:
496:
488:
3746:
3446:
1019:(generally the widest and largest toms, which also makes them the lowest-pitched toms)
93:
4530:
4375:
4220:
4030:
4005:
2863:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2745:
Manufacturers using the
American traditional format in their catalogs include these:
2497:
2438:("mics") are used with drum kits to pick up the sound of the drums and cymbals for a
2362:
2181:
2159:
2106:
2036:
2006:
1974:
1946:
1825:
When a floor tom is added to make a four-piece kit, the floor tom is usually 14" for
1814:
1664:
1628:
1499:
1409:
1371:
1261:
1169:
1111:
1079:
611:
401:
318:
283:
268:
253:
207:
3693:
2254:
1276:
4408:
4205:
4055:
4040:
4025:
4010:
3995:
3311:
2896:
2824:
2814:
2704:
2609:
2489:
2456:
2450:. While most drummers use microphones and amplification in live shows, so that the
2263:
2235:
2127:
above. Another versatile extension becoming increasingly common is the use of some
2113:
2094:
2040:
2022:
2010:
1923:
1910:
1846:
1810:
1753:
1708:
1697:
1692:
1608:
1592:
1584:
1375:
1265:
1223:
1165:
1107:
996:
942:
893:
820:
752:
744:
657:
483:
263:
212:
197:
187:
2442:
and/or to pick up the sound of the drum kit so that it can be amplified through a
2017:
1448:
1054:
3609:
3381:
Remnant, M. (1989). Musical instruments. (pp. 159–174). London: B.T. Batsford Ltd
1564:
and a practice pad or other piece of foam rubber, which is possible in two ways:
1256:
All cymbals, other than rides, hi-hats, and crashes/splashes, are usually called
4464:
4095:
3984:
3350:
2804:
2794:
2724:
2681:
2566:
2540:
2518:
2428:
2405:
1998:
1970:
1870:
1866:
1850:
1834:
1830:
1774:
1616:
1575:
1424:(anything ordinary that can be struck to produce sounds, patterns, and grooves).
1340:
Other instruments that have regularly been incorporated into drum kits include:
1333:
1177:
1173:
1151:
1138:
instead of the separate ride and crash. The sizes closely follow those given in
1130:
1023:
988:
735:
676:
646:
642:
552:
479:
258:
202:
35:
3882:
1440:
863:
800:
that provide variety and add interest to the drum sound. Fills could include a
4485:
4365:
4355:
4290:
4225:
4110:
4050:
4000:
3858:"Vintage Snare Drums online Ludwig, Slingerland, Leedy, Camco, Gretsch, Sonor"
3368:
2999:
2977:
The Drum
Handbook: Buying, Maintaining and Getting the Best from Your Drum Kit
2779:
2712:
2480:
2460:
2435:
2326:
2202:
2085:
1966:
1962:
1858:
1854:
1765:
Traditionally, in
America and the United Kingdom, drum sizes are expressed as
1685:
1678:
1547:
1539:
1506:
1401:
1354:
1329:
1157:
1135:
980:
951:
852:
844:
723:
699:
691:
684:
504:
440:
421:
323:
233:
182:
3797:
Ryan , A. (n.d.). Learning to play the drum: an experiential. 43(4), 435–444.
3329:
2960:
4345:
4310:
4285:
4230:
4215:
4100:
3980:
3667:
2858:
2728:
2576:
2443:
2409:
2382:
2377:
2145:
1954:
1735:
1702:
1588:
1543:
1495:
1119:
1091:
1039:
1016:
961:
916:
886:
837:
814:
789:
769:
680:
508:
469:
450:
429:
328:
298:
278:
177:
172:
1989:
968:
buzzing sound, along with the sound of the stick striking the batter head.
3305:
1615:
be placed on each drum or cymbal and used to trigger a similar sound on a
4380:
4305:
4253:
4243:
4200:
4195:
4126:
3949:
3153:. Vol. 3 (2 ed.). New York: Grove's Dictionaries. p. 373.
2635:
2621:
2267:
2185:
2165:
2079:
2056:
1862:
1725:
1360:
1180:
used a sizzle cymbal as a second ride, particularly during guitar solos.
1123:
1071:
1065:
1035:
1028:
1010:
965:
957:
704:
465:
461:
2424:
2207:
17:
4330:
4263:
4248:
4210:
4090:
3944:
2841:
2785:
Those using the
European measures of diameter and depth include these:
2572:
2395:
2349:
2272:
2175:
2075:
1535:
1421:
984:
638:
577: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
417:
293:
243:
238:
1599:
speakers are required to hear the electronically produced sounds. See
1477:
4340:
4335:
4315:
4300:
4295:
4080:
4015:
2493:
2089:
1405:
1397:
739:
475:
425:
409:
192:
1901:
Most five-piece kits, except for entry-level, also have one or more
1194:
3591:
Huber, David Miles. "The MIDI Manual". Carmel, Indiana: SAMS, 1991.
2321:. The use of muffled drums has been written about by such poets as
2238:
in jazz and similar soft music. More rarely, other beaters such as
1953:
acts. Such kits are particularly favored in musical genres such as
1853:, and various jazz drummers throughout the 20th century, including
1684:
Hardware is carried along with sticks and other accessories in the
4360:
4350:
4320:
4258:
2819:
2749:
2531:
are also popular among drummers since they also work as earplugs.
2423:
2381:
2282:
2253:
2206:
2016:
1988:
1958:
1933:
1794:
1752:
1631:
problems associated with microphones and PAs in certain settings.
1476:
1459:
1447:
1439:
1320:
1275:
1207:
1193:
941:
862:
521:
512:
491:, a pair of cymbals that can be played with a foot-operated pedal
424:
or special wire or nylon brushes; and uses their feet to operate
4370:
2152:
2100:
1826:
1557:
1526:
1519:
1453:
1381:
1211:
516:
405:
4130:
3953:
877:
Most drummers hold the drumsticks in one of two types of grip:
3279:"Drum Solos: A Brief History… And Can You Keep It Down A Bit?"
3176:"A Quick History of the Drum Machine, from the 1980s to Today"
2028:
Common extensions beyond the standard configurations include:
546:
29:
2690:
written on a standard five-line staff. As of 2016, a special
1525:
Electronic drum pads are the second most widely used type of
1490:
hitting the sensor pads), all of the drum sounds come from a
1042:, respectively) are sometimes considered toms. The naming of
3668:"Vintage Olympic – a unique online history of Olympic drums"
2548:
specialized bass drum pillow is to use an old sleeping bag.
2052:
are standard for some genres, particularly heavy metal music
1229:
provides a fuller sound and is a commonly taught technique.
1164:
cuts through other instrumental sounds. Some drummers use a
1129:
While most drummers purchase cymbals individually, beginner
144:
2390:
Three types of protective covers are common for kit drums:
2071:
A second floor tom, either larger or smaller than the first
1655:
surface into a virtual drum kit using only one microphone.
1467:
playing a kit with both acoustic and electronic drums, 2005
1114:, with a multitude of cymbals. Rio de Janeiro, 7 March 2008
804:
at the end of a musical section or act as a drum showpiece.
738:. William Ludwig developed the "sock" or early low-mounted
3525:"The History of Electronic Drum Sets – 1960s to the 2010s"
3833:"Electronic Drums Market Insight, Size, Forecast to 2024"
2669:
Audio playback is not supported in your browser. You can
2353:
Paiste 2002 18" medium cymbal fitted with a chain sizzler
2148:(single-headed bass drums, played with sticks or mallets)
3808:"Practice Pad | Learn To Use A Practice Pad Effectively"
3346:
All About Drums: A Fun and Simple Guide to Playing Drums
3130:
standard pulse/roll of what we call ride cymbal playing.
660:
in 1909 and patented the first commercially successful
3227:"Steve Smith on the Art & History of Drum Soloing"
3773:"1805.4 – "The Muffled Drum" | Romantic Circles"
2939:
A Dictionary for the Modern Percussionist and Drummer
2184:
percussion, such as the tuned bass drums used in the
2142:
Multiple bass drums beyond the double bass drum setup
1738:, which is particularly useful for large drum kits.
1734:
Many or even all of the stands may be replaced by a
4473:
4427:
4399:
4276:
4186:
4177:
2525:their beat on the posterior, rather than hears it.
1865:. For jazz, which normally emphasizes the use of a
1611:trigger, to allow drummers to produce this effect.
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3906:
3904:
946:Snare drum on a modern light-duty snare drum stand
641:music, when the simple marching beats became more
2916:These two words may also be combined as "drumset"
2271:Common types of mufflers include muffling rings,
3579:. 1985. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994.
3149:Sheridan, Chris (2002). Kernfeld, Barry (ed.).
3082:The Drum Book: The History of the Rock Drum Kit
2703:On early recording media (until 1925), such as
2412:are standard for professional touring drummers.
2124:
1034:The smallest and largest drums without snares (
148:
3478:Grinnell College Musical Instrument Collection
1351:, especially in classic rock and other genres.
867:A pair of drumsticks held in traditional grip.
610:appeared in stage shows, where the budget for
4142:
3965:
3653:
3651:
3394:. The Percussive Arts Society. Archived from
3075:
3073:
2394:Drum bags are made from robust cloth such as
365:
8:
3551:"Brief History of Electronic Drums – Part 1"
1619:. These sounds are then amplified through a
3721:"Funeral of Queen Victoria – British Pathé"
2230:Besides drumsticks, drummers will also use
2139:side snare is used in a kit, if any at all.
683:. The modern drum kit was developed in the
4183:
4149:
4135:
4127:
3972:
3958:
3950:
3307:Beginning Drumset: Complete Drumset Method
3107:Star sets: Drum Kits of the Great Drummers
3043:. Oxford University Press. pp. 74–75.
1139:
1043:
372:
358:
133:
1296:Cymbals, of any type, used to provide an
593:Learn how and when to remove this message
499:and is used in many types of popular and
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
4481:Classification of percussion instruments
3587:
3585:
3084:. London: Balafon Books. pp. 8–12.
3014:"Classic: The Birth Of Bass Drum Pedals"
2625:
2348:
1884:
1802:playing a classic four-piece kit in the
1102:
1053:
975:
786:). Grooves can set the mood of the song.
743:playing. He also popularized the use of
2929:
2909:
755:for those motion-picture sound tracks.
687:era, during the 1920s, in New Orleans.
495:The drum kit is a part of the standard
416:set up to be played by one person. The
308:
223:
136:
4171:List of percussion instruments by type
3912:Jazz – From its Origins to the Present
3252:says, Brant David (11 February 2014).
3056:Jazz – From its Origins to the Present
1941:playing a two-piece kit while standing
4592:North American percussion instruments
3109:. Milwaukee, Wisconsin: Hal Leonard.
2128:
2068:, in addition to the main ride cymbal
1993:A seven-piece kit typically used for
7:
3694:"Drum Sets | Steve Weiss Music"
2084:A second pair of hi-hats mounted as
1505:A fully electronic kit is easier to
575:adding citations to reliable sources
435:A standard kit usually consists of:
58:adding citations to reliable sources
4537:19th-century percussion instruments
3753:from the original on 1 January 2018
3499:"The Evolution of the China Cymbal"
1300:, rather than a regular pattern or
885:, originally developed for playing
420:typically holds a pair of matching
3723:. Britishpathe.com. 18 July 2010.
3700:from the original on 18 April 2012
3645:SOS Publications. Aug 1995. Print.
3174:LeBlanc, Jason (30 January 2018).
3041:A History of the American Drum Kit
1773:, still in inches. For example, a
1429:
25:
656:and his brother Theobald founded
4511:List of vibraphone manufacturers
3779:from the original on 21 May 2014
3747:"Longfellow's "A Psalm of Life""
3727:from the original on 4 July 2014
3632:DIY Drum Pads and Pedal Triggers
3151:The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz
2266:that can reduce the ring, boomy
551:
414:auxiliary percussion instruments
34:
1368:Keyboard percussion instruments
1013:of varying diameters and depths
562:needs additional citations for
45:needs additional citations for
4572:Electronic musical instruments
4167:List of percussion instruments
3775:. Rc.umd.edu. September 2004.
3202:"What is a Drum Fill, Really?"
3053:Porter/Hull man/Hazel (1993).
1949:kit, originally developed for
1583:In either case, an electronic
1481:Drum controllers, such as the
1268:. Major cymbal makers produce
457:moved by a foot-operated pedal
1:
4516:List of timpani manufacturers
4506:List of marimba manufacturers
3910:Porter/Hullman/Hazel (1993).
3602:""Marimba Lumina Described".
3577:Electronic and Computer Music
645:. This resulted in a greater
526:Japanese heavy metal drummer
4496:List of cymbal manufacturers
3608:. Buchla.com. Archived from
3447:"Birth of the Modern Hi-Hat"
3254:"A History of the Drum Solo"
2937:Strain, James Allen (2017).
2666:
2557:gloves to prevent blisters.
2180:Instruments "borrowed" from
2170:Instruments "borrowed" from
1283:O-zone "vented" crash cymbal
956:The snare drum provides the
404:context) is a collection of
3258:A Journal of Musical Things
2492:to the drum sound, such as
2021:A very large kit played by
1917:drum sticks. In the 2010s,
991:and conventional toms, 1975
4628:
4501:List of drum manufacturers
4450:Indoor percussion ensemble
3426:Steve Hoffman Music Forums
2741:List of drum manufacturers
2738:
2650:
2647:Notation and improvisation
2619:
2564:
2448:sound reinforcement system
2375:
2323:Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
2262:Drum muffles are types of
2258:Mylar muffle ring on snare
2223:(typically a 7N or 9N) or
2200:
2131:in a mainly acoustic kit.
2125:other acoustic instruments
1662:
1470:
1317:Other acoustic instruments
1249:
1221:
1187:
1149:
1126:has made them since 1623.
1009:Traditional double-headed
994:
949:
914:
870:
835:
812:
767:
4239:
4164:
3991:
2431:with rim-mounted tom mics
2112:An additional electronic
2105:Multiple ride cymbals; a
1821:Four piece with floor tom
1757:A two-piece kit in action
1061:with an array of octobans
3343:Mattingly, Rick (2006).
2974:Nicholls, Geoff (2003).
2943:Rowman & Littlefield
2775:Slingerland Drum Company
2158:Sound effects such as a
3937:History of the Drum Set
3529:Electronic Drum Advisor
3080:Nichols, Geoff (1997).
2671:download the audio file
1843:Jimi Hendrix Experience
1804:Jimi Hendrix Experience
1510:can be adjusted by the
1420:, and jam and kerosene
658:Ludwig & Ludwig Co.
4612:Rockabilly instruments
4607:Rock music instruments
4577:Folk music instruments
4158:Percussion instruments
3812:rockdrummingsystem.com
3422:"Ringo´s cymbal sound"
3304:Sweeney, Pete (2004).
2631:
2467:In miking a drum kit,
2432:
2387:
2354:
2279:Snare drum and tom-tom
2259:
2212:
2025:
2014:
1942:
1890:
1806:
1758:
1673:pedal and clutch, and
1486:
1468:
1457:
1445:
1337:
1284:
1270:cymbal extension packs
1199:
1115:
1062:
992:
947:
923:two or more bass drums
868:
534:
412:, and sometimes other
165:
4401:Electronic percussion
4021:Double- and half-time
3883:"Drum Notation Guide"
3657:Peckman (2007), p.31.
3392:"Warren 'Baby' Dodds"
2980:. San Francisco, CA:
2882:Percussion instrument
2853:Styles and techniques
2657:Musical improvisation
2629:
2473:Condenser microphones
2427:
2385:
2352:
2257:
2210:
2172:orchestral percussion
2020:
1992:
1937:
1888:
1798:
1756:
1749:Common configurations
1480:
1463:
1451:
1443:
1324:
1279:
1197:
1140:Common configurations
1106:
1057:
1044:common configurations
979:
945:
866:
654:William F. Ludwig Sr.
532:Madison Square Garden
525:
503:styles, ranging from
164:
4597:Occupations in music
4428:Percussion groupings
4278:Unpitched percussion
3862:vintagedrumguide.com
3837:psmarketresearch.com
3672:vintageolympic.co.uk
3637:3 March 2016 at the
3398:on 27 September 2011
2720:multitrack recording
1562:piezoelectric sensor
1078:Attack timbales and
571:improve this article
54:improve this article
4552:Drum kit components
4460:Percussion ensemble
4440:Marching percussion
4188:Keyboard percussion
4071:Percussion notation
3105:Cohan, Jon (1995).
3039:Britt, Dan (2018).
2727:(a type of digital
2653:Percussion notation
2469:dynamic microphones
2099:Different types of
2061:Extra crash cymbals
1677:or pedals, and the
1190:Hi-hat (instrument)
4455:Percussion section
4179:Pitched percussion
3691:Steve Weiss Music
3612:on 1 November 2012
3531:. 18 November 2017
3283:Professional Moron
2945:. pp. 62–63.
2810:Premier Percussion
2790:Brady Drum Company
2735:Drum manufacturers
2632:
2603:Practice equipment
2490:electronic effects
2433:
2388:
2355:
2260:
2213:
2155:, tuned or untuned
2026:
2015:
1943:
1891:
1807:
1759:
1601:Triggered drum kit
1492:keyboard amplifier
1487:
1469:
1458:
1446:
1338:
1308:Low-volume cymbals
1285:
1200:
1116:
1063:
993:
987:with a mixture of
948:
869:
535:
166:
27:Musical instrument
4542:Blues instruments
4524:
4523:
4491:Percussion mallet
4272:
4271:
4124:
4123:
3555:The Electric Drum
3505:. 11 January 2017
3360:978-1-423408-18-5
3349:. Milwaukee, WI:
3321:978-0-739034-74-3
3285:. 1 November 2015
3233:. 9 February 2011
3206:OnlineDrummer.com
2991:978-1-4768-5225-6
2952:978-0-8108-8693-3
2675:
2582:(also known as a
2545:speaker enclosure
2240:cartwheel mallets
2066:crash/ride cymbal
2055:Extra hanging or
2050:double bass pedal
2046:Double bass drums
1264:and at least one
873:Grip (percussion)
728:Mississippi River
690:Drummers such as
603:
602:
595:
543:Early development
530:'s drum riser at
501:traditional music
382:
381:
249:Crash/ride cymbal
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
4619:
4582:Jazz instruments
4184:
4151:
4144:
4137:
4128:
3974:
3967:
3960:
3951:
3923:
3908:
3899:
3898:
3896:
3894:
3889:. 18 August 2009
3879:
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3621:
3619:
3617:
3606:. n.p. n.d. Web"
3598:
3592:
3589:
3580:
3575:Manning, Peter.
3573:
3567:
3566:
3564:
3562:
3547:
3541:
3540:
3538:
3536:
3521:
3515:
3514:
3512:
3510:
3495:
3489:
3488:
3486:
3484:
3474:"hi-hat cymbals"
3469:
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3412:
3411:
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3379:
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3372:
3340:
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3333:
3310:. Van Nuys, CA:
3301:
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3027:
3025:
3010:
3004:
3003:
2971:
2965:
2964:
2934:
2917:
2914:
2847:List of drummers
2800:Meinl Percussion
2630:An Arno drum key
2616:Tuning equipment
2129:electronic drums
2003:progressive rock
1939:Slim Jim Phantom
1771:diameter x depth
1767:depth x diameter
1715:Snare drum stand
1711:brackets or arms
1688:, and includes:
1473:Electronic drums
1436:Electronic drums
1059:Anders Johansson
932:progressive rock
883:traditional grip
847:genres, such as
730:riverboats with
636:
635:
634:
633:
598:
591:
587:
584:
578:
555:
547:
453:, played with a
374:
367:
360:
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62:
38:
30:
21:
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4520:
4469:
4423:
4414:Electronic drum
4395:
4268:
4235:
4173:
4169:
4160:
4155:
4125:
4120:
4106:Rosanna shuffle
3987:
3978:
3932:
3927:
3926:
3909:
3902:
3892:
3890:
3881:
3880:
3876:
3866:
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3851:
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3831:
3830:
3826:
3816:
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3806:
3805:
3801:
3796:
3792:
3782:
3780:
3771:
3770:
3766:
3756:
3754:
3749:. Blupete.com.
3745:
3744:
3740:
3730:
3728:
3719:
3718:
3714:
3703:
3701:
3692:
3690:
3686:
3676:
3674:
3666:
3665:
3661:
3656:
3649:
3639:Wayback Machine
3629:
3625:
3615:
3613:
3600:
3599:
3595:
3590:
3583:
3574:
3570:
3560:
3558:
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3534:
3532:
3523:
3522:
3518:
3508:
3506:
3497:
3496:
3492:
3482:
3480:
3472:Vetter, Roger.
3471:
3470:
3466:
3456:
3454:
3445:
3444:
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2936:
2935:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2920:
2915:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2892:Electronic drum
2877:Drum kit tuning
2872:
2855:
2838:
2833:
2743:
2737:
2701:
2692:percussion clef
2687:
2686:
2685:
2678:
2677:
2676:
2674:
2659:
2651:Main articles:
2649:
2634:Drummers use a
2624:
2618:
2605:
2596:
2569:
2563:
2554:
2537:
2529:In-Ear Monitors
2510:
2440:sound recording
2422:
2380:
2374:
2347:
2339:
2331:Theodore O'Hara
2319:John F. Kennedy
2311:Historical uses
2297:Silencers/mutes
2252:
2205:
2199:
2194:
2078:, or a pair of
2035:, particularly
2033:Effects cymbals
1987:
1951:cocktail lounge
1932:
1907:bass drum pedal
1903:effects cymbals
1883:
1823:
1793:
1784:
1751:
1720:Bass drum pedal
1675:bass drum pedal
1667:
1661:
1652:digital samples
1648:
1475:
1438:
1410:cardboard boxes
1319:
1310:
1294:
1258:effects cymbals
1254:
1248:
1246:Effects cymbals
1243:
1226:
1220:
1192:
1186:
1154:
1148:
1101:
1052:
999:
974:
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940:
919:
913:
908:
903:
875:
861:
840:
834:
817:
811:
772:
766:
761:
745:Chinese cymbals
732:Louis Armstrong
696:Zutty Singleton
673:
662:bass drum pedal
632:
627:
626:
625:
624:
623:
619:Double-drumming
608:musical theater
599:
588:
582:
579:
568:
556:
545:
540:
443:, mounted on a
388:(also called a
378:
349:
348:
339:Electronic drum
304:
303:
219:
218:
217:
163:
126:
115:
109:
106:
63:
61:
51:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4625:
4623:
4615:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4602:Rhythm section
4599:
4594:
4589:
4587:Membranophones
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
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4559:
4554:
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4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4445:Front ensemble
4442:
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4431:
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4118:
4113:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4086:Rhythm section
4083:
4078:
4076:Purdie shuffle
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4036:Drum tablature
4033:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3992:
3989:
3988:
3979:
3977:
3976:
3969:
3962:
3954:
3948:
3947:
3931:
3930:External links
3928:
3925:
3924:
3900:
3887:DRUM! Magazine
3874:
3849:
3824:
3799:
3790:
3764:
3738:
3712:
3684:
3659:
3647:
3643:Sound on Sound
3630:White, Paul. "
3623:
3593:
3581:
3568:
3557:. 10 July 2015
3542:
3516:
3490:
3464:
3451:DRUM! Magazine
3438:
3413:
3383:
3374:
3359:
3335:
3320:
3314:. p. 12.
3296:
3270:
3244:
3231:DRUM! Magazine
3218:
3192:
3166:
3159:
3141:
3132:
3122:
3115:
3097:
3090:
3069:
3046:
3031:
3018:DRUM! Magazine
3005:
2990:
2984:. p. 16.
2982:Backbeat Books
2966:
2951:
2941:. Lanham, MD:
2928:
2927:
2925:
2922:
2919:
2918:
2908:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2887:Rhythm section
2884:
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2757:
2752:
2739:Main article:
2736:
2733:
2700:
2697:
2679:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2662:
2661:
2660:
2648:
2645:
2620:Main article:
2617:
2614:
2604:
2601:
2595:
2592:
2565:Main article:
2562:
2559:
2553:
2550:
2536:
2535:Bass drum gear
2533:
2509:
2506:
2452:sound engineer
2421:
2418:
2414:
2413:
2403:
2400:
2376:Main article:
2373:
2370:
2346:
2343:
2338:
2335:
2315:Queen Victoria
2251:
2248:
2201:Main article:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2189:
2188:
2178:
2168:
2162:
2156:
2149:
2143:
2140:
2121:
2120:
2110:
2103:
2097:
2092:
2082:
2072:
2069:
2062:
2059:
2053:
2043:
2037:splash cymbals
1986:
1983:
1931:
1928:
1882:
1879:
1839:Mitch Mitchell
1822:
1819:
1800:Mitch Mitchell
1792:
1789:
1783:
1780:
1750:
1747:
1732:
1731:
1728:
1723:
1717:
1712:
1706:
1700:
1695:
1663:Main article:
1660:
1657:
1647:
1644:
1625:audio feedback
1581:
1580:
1573:
1552:Marimba Lumina
1532:Roland Octapad
1512:sound engineer
1483:Roland V-Drums
1471:Main article:
1465:Pat Mastelotto
1437:
1434:
1426:
1425:
1391:
1385:
1379:
1365:
1358:
1352:
1318:
1315:
1309:
1306:
1293:
1292:Accent cymbals
1290:
1262:splash cymbals
1252:Effects cymbal
1250:Main article:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1222:Main article:
1219:
1216:
1188:Main article:
1185:
1182:
1150:Main article:
1147:
1144:
1100:
1097:
1051:
1048:
1032:
1031:
1026:
1022:Single-headed
1020:
1014:
1005:They include:
995:Main article:
973:
970:
950:Main article:
939:
936:
915:Main article:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
898:
897:
890:
871:Main article:
860:
857:
836:Main article:
833:
830:
813:Main article:
810:
807:
806:
805:
787:
768:Main article:
765:
762:
760:
757:
672:
669:
628:
612:pit orchestras
601:
600:
559:
557:
550:
544:
541:
539:
536:
497:rhythm section
493:
492:
489:Hi-hat cymbals
486:
478:, including a
472:
458:
447:
380:
379:
377:
376:
369:
362:
354:
351:
350:
347:
346:
341:
336:
331:
326:
321:
315:
314:
311:
310:
306:
305:
302:
301:
296:
291:
286:
281:
276:
271:
266:
261:
256:
251:
246:
241:
236:
230:
229:
226:
225:
221:
220:
216:
215:
210:
205:
200:
195:
190:
185:
180:
175:
169:
168:
167:
141:
140:
128:
127:
42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4624:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4534:
4532:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4507:
4504:
4502:
4499:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4478:
4476:
4472:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4432:
4430:
4426:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4406:
4404:
4402:
4398:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4376:Temple blocks
4374:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4283:
4281:
4279:
4275:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4241:
4238:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4221:Tubular bells
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4193:
4191:
4189:
4185:
4182:
4180:
4176:
4172:
4168:
4163:
4159:
4152:
4147:
4145:
4140:
4138:
4133:
4132:
4129:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4031:Drum rudiment
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3993:
3990:
3986:
3982:
3975:
3970:
3968:
3963:
3961:
3956:
3955:
3952:
3946:
3942:
3938:
3934:
3933:
3929:
3921:
3920:0-13-512195-7
3917:
3913:
3907:
3905:
3901:
3888:
3884:
3878:
3875:
3863:
3859:
3853:
3850:
3838:
3834:
3828:
3825:
3813:
3809:
3803:
3800:
3794:
3791:
3778:
3774:
3768:
3765:
3752:
3748:
3742:
3739:
3726:
3722:
3716:
3713:
3699:
3695:
3688:
3685:
3673:
3669:
3663:
3660:
3654:
3652:
3648:
3644:
3640:
3636:
3633:
3627:
3624:
3611:
3607:
3605:
3597:
3594:
3588:
3586:
3582:
3578:
3572:
3569:
3556:
3552:
3546:
3543:
3530:
3526:
3520:
3517:
3504:
3500:
3494:
3491:
3479:
3475:
3468:
3465:
3453:. 16 May 2013
3452:
3448:
3442:
3439:
3427:
3423:
3417:
3414:
3410:
3397:
3393:
3387:
3384:
3378:
3375:
3370:
3366:
3362:
3356:
3353:. p. 5.
3352:
3348:
3347:
3339:
3336:
3331:
3327:
3323:
3317:
3313:
3309:
3308:
3300:
3297:
3284:
3280:
3274:
3271:
3259:
3255:
3248:
3245:
3232:
3228:
3222:
3219:
3207:
3203:
3200:Brown, Nate.
3196:
3193:
3181:
3177:
3170:
3167:
3162:
3160:1-56159-284-6
3156:
3152:
3145:
3142:
3136:
3133:
3126:
3123:
3118:
3116:0-7935-3489-5
3112:
3108:
3101:
3098:
3093:
3087:
3083:
3076:
3074:
3070:
3066:
3065:0-13-512195-7
3062:
3058:
3057:
3050:
3047:
3042:
3035:
3032:
3020:. 8 June 2012
3019:
3015:
3009:
3006:
3001:
2997:
2993:
2987:
2983:
2979:
2978:
2970:
2967:
2962:
2958:
2954:
2948:
2944:
2940:
2933:
2930:
2923:
2913:
2910:
2903:
2898:
2895:
2893:
2890:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2880:
2878:
2875:
2874:
2869:
2865:
2864:Jazz drumming
2862:
2860:
2857:
2856:
2852:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2839:
2835:
2830:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2787:
2786:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2770:Ludwig-Musser
2768:
2766:
2765:Gretsch Drums
2763:
2761:
2760:Drum Workshop
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2747:
2746:
2742:
2734:
2732:
2730:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2714:
2710:
2706:
2705:wax cylinders
2698:
2696:
2693:
2683:
2672:
2658:
2654:
2646:
2644:
2642:
2637:
2628:
2623:
2615:
2613:
2611:
2602:
2600:
2593:
2591:
2589:
2585:
2581:
2578:
2574:
2568:
2560:
2558:
2551:
2549:
2546:
2542:
2534:
2532:
2530:
2526:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2515:guitar stacks
2507:
2505:
2501:
2499:
2498:digital delay
2495:
2491:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2474:
2470:
2465:
2462:
2458:
2457:jazz quartets
2453:
2449:
2445:
2441:
2437:
2430:
2426:
2419:
2417:
2411:
2407:
2404:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2392:
2391:
2384:
2379:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2363:sizzle cymbal
2360:
2351:
2344:
2342:
2336:
2334:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2305:
2301:
2298:
2294:
2291:
2287:
2284:
2280:
2276:
2274:
2269:
2265:
2256:
2249:
2247:
2243:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2228:
2226:
2222:
2217:
2209:
2204:
2196:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2182:marching band
2179:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2167:
2163:
2161:
2160:thunder sheet
2157:
2154:
2150:
2147:
2144:
2141:
2137:
2136:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2126:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2108:
2107:sizzle cymbal
2104:
2102:
2098:
2096:
2095:Cymbal stacks
2093:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2070:
2067:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2054:
2051:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2041:china cymbals
2038:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2012:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1991:
1985:Extended kits
1984:
1982:
1978:
1976:
1972:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1947:cocktail drum
1940:
1936:
1929:
1927:
1925:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1911:cymbal stands
1908:
1904:
1899:
1895:
1887:
1880:
1878:
1874:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1832:
1828:
1820:
1818:
1816:
1815:Talking Heads
1812:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1790:
1788:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1763:
1755:
1748:
1746:
1744:
1739:
1737:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1710:
1707:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1693:Cymbal stands
1691:
1690:
1689:
1687:
1682:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1666:
1665:Drum hardware
1658:
1656:
1653:
1646:Virtual drums
1645:
1643:
1639:
1637:
1632:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1612:
1610:
1604:
1602:
1598:
1597:stage monitor
1595:, etc.), and
1594:
1590:
1586:
1577:
1574:
1570:
1567:
1566:
1565:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1521:
1515:
1513:
1508:
1503:
1501:
1500:tubular bells
1497:
1493:
1484:
1479:
1474:
1466:
1462:
1455:
1450:
1442:
1435:
1433:
1431:
1430:Extended kits
1423:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1394:Found objects
1392:
1389:
1386:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1373:
1372:tubular bells
1369:
1366:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1353:
1350:
1346:
1343:
1342:
1341:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1326:Günter Sommer
1323:
1316:
1314:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1299:
1291:
1289:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1253:
1245:
1241:Other cymbals
1240:
1238:
1236:
1230:
1225:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1209:
1204:
1196:
1191:
1183:
1181:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1170:sizzle cymbal
1167:
1161:
1159:
1153:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1125:
1121:
1113:
1112:Dream Theater
1110:, drummer of
1109:
1105:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1088:
1084:
1081:
1080:mini timbales
1076:
1073:
1069:
1067:
1060:
1056:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1041:
1037:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1008:
1007:
1006:
1003:
998:
990:
986:
982:
978:
971:
969:
967:
963:
959:
953:
944:
937:
935:
933:
929:
924:
918:
910:
905:
900:
895:
891:
888:
884:
880:
879:
878:
874:
865:
858:
856:
854:
850:
846:
839:
831:
829:
827:
822:
816:
808:
803:
799:
795:
791:
788:
785:
781:
777:
776:
775:
771:
763:
758:
756:
754:
753:Foley artists
748:
746:
741:
737:
733:
729:
726:, playing on
725:
720:
716:
714:
710:
706:
701:
697:
693:
688:
686:
682:
678:
670:
668:
665:
663:
659:
655:
651:
648:
644:
640:
631:
620:
616:
613:
609:
597:
594:
586:
576:
572:
566:
565:
560:This section
558:
554:
549:
548:
542:
537:
533:
529:
524:
520:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
490:
487:
485:
481:
477:
473:
471:
467:
463:
459:
456:
452:
448:
446:
442:
438:
437:
436:
433:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
402:popular music
399:
395:
391:
387:
375:
370:
368:
363:
361:
356:
355:
353:
352:
345:
342:
340:
337:
335:
332:
330:
327:
325:
322:
320:
319:Drum hardware
317:
316:
313:
312:
307:
300:
297:
295:
292:
290:
287:
285:
284:Temple blocks
282:
280:
277:
275:
272:
270:
269:Zinger cymbal
267:
265:
262:
260:
257:
255:
254:Sizzle cymbal
252:
250:
247:
245:
242:
240:
237:
235:
232:
231:
228:
227:
222:
214:
211:
209:
208:Splash cymbal
206:
204:
201:
199:
196:
194:
191:
189:
186:
184:
181:
179:
176:
174:
171:
170:
147:
143:
142:
139:
135:
132:
124:
121:
113:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
4434:
4409:Drum machine
4206:Glockenspiel
4096:Ride pattern
4056:Gravity roll
4026:Drum cadence
4011:Cymbal choke
3941:Daniel Glass
3911:
3891:. Retrieved
3886:
3877:
3865:. Retrieved
3861:
3852:
3840:. Retrieved
3836:
3827:
3815:. Retrieved
3811:
3802:
3793:
3781:. Retrieved
3767:
3755:. Retrieved
3741:
3729:. Retrieved
3715:
3702:. Retrieved
3687:
3675:. Retrieved
3671:
3662:
3642:
3626:
3614:. Retrieved
3610:the original
3603:
3596:
3576:
3571:
3559:. Retrieved
3554:
3545:
3533:. Retrieved
3528:
3519:
3507:. Retrieved
3502:
3493:
3481:. Retrieved
3477:
3467:
3455:. Retrieved
3450:
3441:
3429:. Retrieved
3425:
3416:
3407:
3400:. Retrieved
3396:the original
3386:
3377:
3345:
3338:
3312:Alfred Music
3306:
3299:
3287:. Retrieved
3282:
3273:
3261:. Retrieved
3257:
3247:
3235:. Retrieved
3230:
3221:
3209:. Retrieved
3205:
3195:
3183:. Retrieved
3179:
3169:
3150:
3144:
3135:
3125:
3106:
3100:
3081:
3054:
3049:
3040:
3034:
3022:. Retrieved
3017:
3008:
2976:
2969:
2938:
2932:
2912:
2897:Drum machine
2825:Yamaha Drums
2815:Rogers Drums
2784:
2744:
2717:
2702:
2691:
2688:
2633:
2610:practice pad
2606:
2597:
2587:
2583:
2579:
2570:
2555:
2538:
2527:
2522:
2511:
2502:
2478:
2466:
2434:
2415:
2406:Flight cases
2389:
2367:
2356:
2340:
2337:Stick holder
2310:
2309:
2303:
2302:
2296:
2295:
2289:
2288:
2278:
2277:
2261:
2244:
2229:
2224:
2220:
2218:
2214:
2164:One or more
2133:
2122:
2114:sound module
2074:One or more
2027:
2023:Terry Bozzio
1979:
1971:jam sessions
1944:
1926:or sampler.
1924:synth module
1900:
1896:
1892:
1875:
1847:John Barbata
1824:
1811:Chris Frantz
1808:
1785:
1770:
1766:
1764:
1760:
1740:
1733:
1709:Tom-tom drum
1698:Hi-hat stand
1683:
1668:
1649:
1640:
1633:
1613:
1609:cymbal choke
1605:
1593:keyboard amp
1585:control unit
1582:
1576:Trigger pads
1556:
1524:
1516:
1504:
1488:
1427:
1396:, including
1376:glockenspiel
1339:
1311:
1295:
1286:
1266:china cymbal
1255:
1231:
1227:
1224:Crash cymbal
1205:
1201:
1166:swish cymbal
1162:
1155:
1131:cymbal packs
1128:
1117:
1108:Mike Portnoy
1089:
1085:
1077:
1070:
1064:
1033:
1024:concert toms
1004:
1000:
997:Tom-tom drum
989:concert toms
955:
920:
894:matched grip
876:
841:
825:
818:
773:
749:
721:
717:
689:
674:
671:20th century
666:
652:
629:
617:
604:
589:
580:
569:Please help
564:verification
561:
494:
484:crash cymbal
474:One or more
464:, including
460:One or more
434:
397:
396:, or simply
393:
389:
385:
383:
264:Swish cymbal
213:China cymbal
198:Crash cymbal
138:The drum kit
137:
131:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
4465:Drum circle
3893:22 February
3867:22 February
3842:22 February
3817:22 February
3677:22 February
3616:27 November
3561:22 February
3535:22 February
3509:22 February
3457:22 February
3431:22 February
3402:21 November
3351:Hal Leonard
3289:22 February
3263:22 February
3237:22 February
3211:22 February
2805:Pearl Drums
2795:Mapex Drums
2725:click track
2682:common time
2584:drum shield
2580:drum screen
2567:Drum screen
2561:Drum screen
2541:bass reflex
2519:butt shaker
2481:noise gates
2461:organ trios
2436:Microphones
2429:Carl Palmer
2420:Microphones
2221:Smooth Jazz
2192:Accessories
1999:jazz fusion
1995:heavy metal
1867:ride cymbal
1851:the Turtles
1835:The Beatles
1831:Ringo Starr
1782:Three-piece
1775:hanging tom
1617:drum module
1579:components.
1456:trigger pad
1418:oil barrels
1402:brake drums
1334:bongo drums
1174:Ringo Starr
1152:Ride cymbal
1146:Ride cymbal
1050:Other drums
928:heavy metal
853:polyrhythms
849:heavy metal
736:ride cymbal
677:World War I
480:ride cymbal
432:pedals.
344:Drum module
259:Bell cymbal
203:Ride cymbal
4531:Categories
4486:Drum stick
4391:Wood block
4366:Tambourine
4356:Snare drum
4226:Vibraphone
4111:Snare rush
4081:Quadruplet
4051:Ghost note
4001:Blast beat
3981:Drum beats
3604:buchla.com
3503:reverb.com
3369:1150827839
3185:3 November
3091:0879304766
3024:3 November
3000:1084269003
2924:References
2780:Tama Drums
2713:distortion
2680:The basic
2588:drum booth
2410:road cases
2327:John Mayne
2225:Speed Rock
2203:Drum stick
2174:, such as
2146:Gong drums
2086:cable hats
2011:China-type
1967:jump blues
1963:rockabilly
1930:Small kits
1881:Five-piece
1859:Buddy Rich
1855:Art Blakey
1791:Four-piece
1686:traps case
1679:drum stool
1548:Don Buchla
1540:vibraphone
1507:soundcheck
1414:washboards
1370:, such as
1355:Tambourine
1345:Wood block
1336:in his kit
1158:Baby Dodds
1136:crash/ride
1120:idiophones
1092:hand drums
1040:gong drums
1017:Floor toms
981:Keith Moon
952:Snare drum
938:Snare drum
926:including
901:Components
832:Drum solos
798:variations
792:and other
790:Drum fills
724:Baby Dodds
713:woodblocks
700:Ray Bauduc
692:Baby Dodds
685:vaudeville
643:syncopated
470:floor toms
441:snare drum
422:drumsticks
324:Drum stick
289:Tambourine
183:Snare drum
80:newspapers
69:"Drum kit"
4557:Drum kits
4346:Mark tree
4311:Castanets
4286:Bass drum
4231:Xylophone
4216:Tubaphone
3996:Back beat
3710:5/10/2012
3330:655164352
3059:, p. 18.
2961:974035735
2859:Drum beat
2729:metronome
2699:Recording
2577:Plexiglas
2444:PA system
2378:Drum case
2290:Bass drum
2123:See also
2118:sequencer
2057:rack toms
1955:trad jazz
1743:drum tech
1736:drum rack
1722:or pedals
1703:Floor tom
1621:PA system
1589:PA system
1544:MalletKAT
1496:PA system
1428:See also
1388:Triangles
1011:rack toms
917:Bass drum
911:Bass drum
887:side drum
838:Drum solo
826:vocal cue
815:Drum fill
794:ornaments
770:Drum beat
722:In 1918,
681:Dixieland
664:system.
583:July 2019
466:rack toms
451:bass drum
430:bass drum
329:Drum case
299:Mark tree
279:Jam block
224:Not shown
178:Floor tom
173:Bass drum
4562:Drumming
4435:Drum kit
4386:Triangle
4381:Timbales
4254:Steelpan
4244:Handbell
4201:Crotales
4196:Carillon
4066:One drop
3914:, p.44.
3777:Archived
3751:Archived
3725:Archived
3698:Archived
3635:Archived
3180:Funktasy
2831:See also
2636:drum key
2622:Drum key
2508:Monitors
2486:feedback
2345:Sizzlers
2268:overtone
2186:drumline
2166:crotales
2151:Sets of
2080:timbales
2076:octobans
1975:sizzlers
1863:Jo Jones
1726:Drum key
1659:Hardware
1636:foldback
1572:desired.
1569:Triggers
1398:spanners
1361:Timbales
1288:attack.
1124:Zildjian
1072:Timbales
1066:Octobans
1036:octobans
1029:Rototoms
966:staccato
958:backbeat
709:cowbells
705:tom toms
462:tom-toms
394:trap set
390:drum set
386:drum kit
309:See also
239:Rototoms
188:Rack tom
110:May 2022
18:Trap set
4547:Cymbals
4419:Octapad
4371:Tam-tam
4341:Maracas
4331:Cymbals
4326:Cowbell
4291:Bodhrán
4264:Timpani
4249:Handpan
4211:Marimba
4091:Rimshot
3985:strokes
3945:YouTube
3939:" with
3783:28 July
3757:28 July
3731:28 July
2842:Drummer
2594:Carpets
2573:Perspex
2396:cordura
2359:sizzler
2304:Cymbals
2250:Muffles
2232:brushes
2176:timpani
1919:digital
1841:of the
1542:-style
1536:DrumKAT
1534:or the
1432:below.
1406:buckets
1349:cowbell
1330:bodhrán
1218:Crashes
1184:Hi-hats
1178:Beatles
1176:of the
1099:Cymbals
985:The Who
784:shuffle
764:Grooves
759:Playing
639:ragtime
538:History
528:Yoshiki
476:cymbals
468:and/or
418:drummer
410:cymbals
334:Trigger
294:Tam-tam
274:Cowbell
244:Octoban
94:scholar
4336:Djembe
4316:Claves
4301:Cabasa
4296:Bongos
4061:Groove
4046:Gallop
4016:D-beat
3918:
3704:10 May
3483:9 July
3367:
3357:
3328:
3318:
3157:
3113:
3088:
3063:
2998:
2988:
2959:
2949:
2836:People
2641:by ear
2552:Gloves
2494:reverb
2329:, and
2197:Sticks
2090:x-hats
2007:splash
2001:, and
1965:, and
1861:, and
1671:hi-hat
1546:, and
1364:ideal.
1302:groove
1298:accent
1281:Sabian
780:groove
740:hi-hat
711:, and
698:, and
455:beater
426:hi-hat
234:Bongos
193:Hi-hat
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
4567:Drums
4474:Other
4361:Taiko
4351:Parai
4321:Conga
4306:Cajón
4259:Tabla
4116:Sting
4006:Break
3409:flow.
2904:Notes
2870:Other
2820:Sonor
2755:Camco
2750:ddrum
2709:discs
2523:feels
2372:Cases
2283:mylar
2264:mutes
2236:Rutes
2153:gongs
2101:gongs
2048:or a
1959:bebop
1871:swing
1629:bleed
1382:Gongs
1374:or a
1328:with
1235:taper
1208:disco
1090:Most
962:fills
906:Drums
809:Fills
802:sting
647:swing
513:blues
445:stand
406:drums
398:drums
101:JSTOR
87:books
4101:Roll
4041:Fill
3983:and
3916:ISBN
3895:2019
3869:2019
3844:2019
3819:2019
3785:2014
3759:2014
3733:2014
3706:2012
3679:2019
3618:2012
3563:2019
3537:2019
3511:2019
3485:2023
3459:2019
3433:2019
3404:2011
3365:OCLC
3355:ISBN
3326:OCLC
3316:ISBN
3291:2019
3265:2019
3239:2019
3213:2019
3187:2022
3155:ISBN
3111:ISBN
3086:ISBN
3061:ISBN
3026:2022
2996:OCLC
2986:ISBN
2957:OCLC
2947:ISBN
2707:and
2655:and
2399:out.
2317:and
2273:gels
2234:and
2039:and
2009:and
1869:for
1827:jazz
1705:legs
1558:MIDI
1527:MIDI
1520:gong
1454:Korg
1422:tins
1347:and
1332:and
1212:funk
1210:and
1038:and
972:Toms
930:and
892:The
881:The
859:Grip
845:rock
821:fill
796:and
517:jazz
515:and
507:and
505:rock
482:and
428:and
73:news
3943:on
3641:".
2575:or
2496:or
2459:or
2446:or
2408:or
2116:or
2088:or
1977:).
1849:of
1833:of
1813:of
1627:or
1550:'s
1494:or
983:of
675:By
573:by
511:to
509:pop
400:in
56:by
4533::
3903:^
3885:.
3860:.
3835:.
3810:.
3696:.
3670:.
3650:^
3584:^
3553:.
3527:.
3501:.
3476:.
3449:.
3424:.
3406:.
3363:.
3324:.
3281:.
3256:.
3229:.
3204:.
3178:.
3072:^
3016:.
2994:.
2955:.
2715:.
2500:.
2357:A
2325:,
2064:A
2013:).
1997:,
1961:,
1957:,
1915:5A
1857:,
1845:,
1837:,
1681:.
1603:.
1591:,
1554:.
1452:A
1416:,
1412:,
1408:,
1404:,
1400:,
1168:,
1160:.
934:.
819:A
778:A
707:,
694:,
519:.
449:A
439:A
408:,
392:,
384:A
4150:e
4143:t
4136:v
3973:e
3966:t
3959:v
3935:"
3922:.
3897:.
3871:.
3846:.
3821:.
3787:.
3761:.
3735:.
3708:.
3681:.
3620:.
3565:.
3539:.
3513:.
3487:.
3461:.
3435:.
3371:.
3332:.
3293:.
3267:.
3241:.
3215:.
3189:.
3163:.
3119:.
3094:.
3067:.
3028:.
3002:.
2963:.
2673:.
1390:.
1384:.
1378:.
630:4
596:)
590:(
585:)
581:(
567:.
373:e
366:t
359:v
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
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