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lifetime. Even
Schliemann himself rectified his initial description of the finding circumstances, having sent away foreign helpers and recovering the items only in the presence of his wife. Since its whereabouts have not been publicly known for half a century, modern scientific analysis of the artifacts and therefore proof or disproof of Schliemann's claims were impossible for a long period of time.
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save it for archaeology, … I immediately had "paidos" (lunch break) called. … While the men were eating and resting, I cut out the
Treasure with a large knife…. It would, however, have been impossible for me to have removed the Treasure without the help of my dear wife, who stood by me ready to pack the things which I cut out in her shawl and to carry them away.
231:, a hilltop at the south end of the Trojan Plain. Disappointed there, Schliemann was about to give up his explorations when Calvert suggested excavating the mound of Hissarlik. Guided to the site by Calvert, Schliemann conducted excavations there in 1871–73 and 1878–79, uncovering the ruins of a series of ancient cities, dating from the
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Later, starting in the 1840s, Frank
Calvert (1828–1908), an English expatriate who was an enthusiastic amateur archaeologist as well as a consular official in the eastern Mediterranean region, began exploratory excavations on the mound, part of which was on a farm belonging to his family, and ended
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In excavating this wall further and directly by the side of the palace of King Priam, I came upon a large copper article of the most remarkable form, which attracted my attention all the more as I thought I saw gold behind it. … In order to withdraw the treasure from the greed of my workmen, and to
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Correlating with the criticism on
Schliemann's methods and motivations, doubts about the authenticity of the treasure have been voiced. Notions are it not being a singular find, but rather a composite, and the nomenclature, as the described layer of origin is now agreed to be prior to King Priam's
439:, the Soviet government denied any knowledge of the fate of Priam's Treasure. Rumours abounded: that was in a vault in Leningrad (closest to the truth), that it was secretly owned by an American millionaire, and that the hoard had been melted down to fund a Nazi pension fund. Finally, in 1994 the
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Schliemann's oft-repeated story of the treasure being carried by his wife, Sophie, in her shawl was untrue. Schliemann later admitted making it up, saying that at the time of the discovery Sophie was in fact with her family in Athens, following the death of her father.
242:
His and
Calvert's findings included the thousands of artefacts – such as diadems of woven gold, rings, bracelets, intricate earrings and necklaces, buttons, belts and brooches – which Schliemann chose to call "Priam's treasure."
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Apparently, Schliemann smuggled Priam's
Treasure out of Anatolia. Officials were informed when his wife, Sophia, wore Helen of Troy's golden diadem and necklaces in public. The Ottoman official assigned to watch the excavation,
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192:. The layer in which Priam's Treasure was alleged to have been found was assigned to Troy II, whereas Priam would have been king of Troy VI or VII, occupied hundreds of years later.
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which take place in what is now northwestern Turkey. At the time the stratigraphy at Troy had not been solidified, which was done subsequently by the archaeologist
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period. Schliemann declared one of these cities—at first Troy I, later Troy II—to be the city of Troy, and this identification was widely accepted at that time.
386:, received a prison sentence. The Ottoman government revoked Schliemann's permission to dig and sued him for its share of the gold. Schliemann went on to
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Schliemann described one great moment of discovery, which supposedly occurred on or about May 27, 1873, in his typically colorful, if unreliable, manner:
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Federal Law on
Cultural Valuables Displaced to the USSR as a Result of the Second World War and Located on the Territory of the Russian Federation
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Art News article, originally published in April 1991 revealing the secret Soviet collections of looted art, including the
Schliemann collection.
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Heinrich
Schliemann: Troy and Its Remains: A Narrative of Researches and Discoveries Made on the Site of Ilium, and in the Trojan Plain
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BBC radio documentary on art looted by the
Soviets at the end of World War II, with special mention of the Schliemann collection
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turned the treasure over to the Soviet Art Committee, saving it from plunder and division. The artefacts were then flown to
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Meanwhile, Heinrich Schliemann, a wealthy international entrepreneur who had achieved a PhD in Classics from the
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were consigned to the realms of legend. As early as 1822, however, the famed Scottish journalist and geologist
184:. This assignment is now thought to be a result of Schliemann's zeal to find sites and objects mentioned in the
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Undiscovered : the fascinating world of undiscovered places, graves, wrecks and treasure
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332:"), 8750 gold rings, buttons and other small objects, six gold bracelets, two gold goblets
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Between Past and Present: Archaeology, Ideology and Nationalism in the Modern Middle East
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as compensation for the destruction of Russian cities and looting of Russian museums by
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in 1869, had begun searching in Turkey for the site of the historical Troy, starting at
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216:(Çanakkale) in north-western Anatolia, Turkey, as a possible site of Homeric Troy.
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A catalog of artifacts from Schliemann's excavations at Troy, with photographs.
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six wrought silver knife blades (which Schliemann put forward as money)
618:. New York: Random House. pp. 6–11, 20, 41, 60–63, 78, 223, 255.
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in exchange for permission to dig at Troy again. It is located in the
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A partial catalogue of the treasure is approximately as follows:
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Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts collection of Schliemann's treasure
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Later Schliemann traded some treasure to the government of the
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Artifacts found by classical archaeologist Heinrich Schliemann
565:. Oxford UK: Clio Press - Large Print Edition. p. 189.
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up amassing a large collection of artefacts from the site.
162:(also known as Troy) on the northwestern coast of modern
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an unknown copper artifact, perhaps the hasp of a chest
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With the rise of modern critical history, Troy and the
166:. The majority of the artifacts are currently in the
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The Gold of Troy. Searching for Homer's Fabled City
68:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
180:, and assigned the artifacts to the Homeric king
797:Art and cultural repatriation after World War II
673:Tolstikov, Vladimir; Treister, Mikhail (1996).
472:Heinrich Schliemann § Legacy and criticism
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614:Akinsha, Konstantin; Kozlov, Grigorii (1995).
372:other copper artifacts with the key to a chest
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147:and other artifacts discovered by classical
357:three silver vases with fused copper parts
173:Schliemann claimed the site to be that of
734:Calvert's Heirs Claim Schliemann Treasure
351:cup (mixture of gold, silver, and copper)
128:Learn how and when to remove this message
543:, Cambridge University Press, page 197.
694:Schliemann of Troy: Treasure and Deceit
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443:admitted it possessed the Trojan gold.
405:. The rest was acquired in 1881 by the
275:Engastromenos) wearing the "Jewels of
520:, Kluwer Law International, page 63.
497:, Weidenfeld and Nicolson, page 133.
446:Russia keeps what the West terms the
299:The "big" diadem in modern exhibition
7:
595:Atkinson, Rick (September 6, 1993).
341:two gold cups, one wrought, one cast
66:adding citations to reliable sources
514:Urice, Stephen K., editor (2007).
344:a number of red terracotta goblets
324:a silver vase containing two gold
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827:Findings in Turkey outside Turkey
817:Antiquities in the Pushkin Museum
597:"Trojan treasure unlocks art war"
540:The Return of Cultural Treasures
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792:1873 archaeological discoveries
517:Law, Ethics and the Visual Arts
53:needs additional citations for
657:Smith, Philip, editor (1976).
642:Silberman, Neil Asher (1989).
394:sent an agent to monitor him.
318:a copper cauldron with handles
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802:Tourist attractions in Moscow
537:Greenfield, Jeanette (2007).
410:(Königliche Museen zu Berlin)
360:more silver goblets and vases
493:Moorehead, Caroline (1994).
392:Greek Archaeological Society
279:" excavated by her husband,
208:had identified the mound at
745: (archived May 9, 2008)
708:In Search of the Trojan War
403:Istanbul Archaeology Museum
363:thirteen copper lance heads
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772:Art collections in Germany
495:The Lost Treasures of Troy
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458:. A 1998 Russian law, the
787:Treasure troves in Turkey
777:Art collections in Russia
661:, Arno Press, New York,
415:After the capture of the
710:, New American Library,
34:Part of Priam's treasure
822:Russia–Turkey relations
407:Royal Museums of Berlin
706:Wood, Michael (1987).
696:, St. Martin's Press,
692:Traill, David (1997).
390:. There, however, the
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338:a wrought gold bottle
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225:University of Rostock
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561:Wilson, Ian (1989).
369:seven copper daggers
366:fourteen copper axes
62:improve this article
832:Heinrich Schliemann
677:. Harry N. Abrams.
281:Heinrich Schliemann
212:, near the town of
156:Heinrich Schliemann
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307:The "small" diadem
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287:(photograph taken
77:"Priam's Treasure"
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603:on July 16, 2012.
429:Wilhelm Unverzagt
269:Sophia Schliemann
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16:(Redirected from
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118:November 2022
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466:Authenticity
456:World War II
452:Nazi Germany
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60:Please help
55:verification
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423:during the
190:Carl Blegen
170:in Moscow.
766:Categories
749:Looted Art
637:References
470:See also:
448:looted art
233:Bronze Age
202:Trojan War
196:Background
88:newspapers
812:Art crime
417:Zoo Tower
229:Pınarbaşı
210:Hissarlik
160:Hissarlik
437:Cold War
421:Red Army
349:electrum
285:Hisarlik
260:Treasure
741:at the
419:by the
388:Mycenae
326:diadems
235:to the
175:Homeric
102:scholar
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214:Chanak
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837:Priam
481:Notes
330:Helen
291:1874)
283:, in
277:Helen
237:Roman
182:Priam
109:JSTOR
95:books
782:Troy
712:ISBN
698:ISBN
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663:ISBN
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154:and
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