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331:. The southern giant clam is a popular food item and aquarium species, and has therefore been hunted extensively throughout its natural habitat. However, specimens traded today tend to be the result of aquaculture farms rather than wild-caught individuals, because the southern giant clam was one of the first clams to be bred commercially. This occurred at the MMDC Giant Clam Hatchery in Palau, which focused on
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species is a defining characteristic of this species, although in aquacultures specimens have been observed to develop scutes in at least one abnormal case. The mantle usually has a pattern of wavy stripes or spots, and may be various mixtures of orange, yellow, black and white, often with brilliant
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clams first attain sexual maturity they are male, but about a year later become hermaphrodites, possessing both male and female reproductive organs. However, the release of sperm and eggs are separate in order to prevent self-fertilisation, although self-fertilisation can occur. The breeding season
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The southern giant clam is native to waters around
Australia, Cocos Islands, Fiji, Indonesia, New Caledonia, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Islands, Tonga and Vietnam. Populations have also been introduced to American Samoa, Cook Islands, Marshall Islands and Samoa, and reintroduced
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The southern giant clam is one of the largest of the "giant clams", reaching up to 60 cm in length. The species is also known as the smooth giant clam because of the relative lack of ribbing and scales on its thick shell. The smoothness of the southern giant clam's shell and its six to seven
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clam has muscles for opening and closing its shell and a foot for attaching to reef substrate. It respires through gills and feeds through a mouth. Most clams fulfill their nutritional requirements by filter feeding and absorbing dissolved organic compounds from the water, but
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300:, in their tissues to provide food for them. Through photosynthesis the zooxanthellae transform carbon dioxide and dissolved nitrogen, such as ammonium, into carbohydrates and other nutrients for their hosts.
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after extinction in Guam, the
Federated States of Micronesia and Northern Mariana Islands. The southern giant clam is found on the outer edges of reefs at depths of 4 to 10 meters.
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of the southern giant clam usually occurs in spring and summer, although they may be induced to spawn through the year.
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The southern giant clam is classified as
Vulnerable (VU) on the IUCN Red List, and is listed on Appendix II of
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produce the color white in their mantle using multi-colored crystalline pigment cells, while
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689:. Honolulu, Hawaii: Pacific Fisheries Development Foundation. pp. 1–179 + appendices.
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562:. Canberra: Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research. p. 23.
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Lucas, J. (June 1994). "Biology, exploitation, and aquaculture of giant clams".
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Lucas, J. (June 1994). "Biology, exploitation, and mariculture of giant clams".
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533:"Giant clams could inspire better color displays and solar cells"
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vertical folds help to distinguish it from its larger relative,
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Creative
Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License
484:"Batch of scaly Derasa clams spotted, what does it mean?"
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CITES: Twenty-second
Meeting of the Animals Committee
609:. Fish 'N' Chips: A Monthly Marine Newsletter, 1999.
522:. Fish 'N' Chips: A Monthly Marine Newsletter, 1999.
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Bouchet, P.; Rosenberg, G.; ter
Poorten, J. (2013).
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472:, Lima (Peru), 7–13 July 2006 (January 2007).
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607:Critter Corner: Tridacnid Clams: The Basics
380:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T22136A9362077.en
292:clams have gone further than this by using
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228:, is a species of extremely large marine
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335:in pioneering large-scale developments.
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715:fact-file "Tridacna derasa" under the
685:Heslinga; Watson & Isamu (1990).
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1004:Taxa named by Peter Friedrich Röding
560:Giant Clams in Asia and the Pacific
366:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
266:cluster red, blue and green cells.
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989:IUCN Red List vulnerable species
440:World Register of Marine Species
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1:
482:Adams, Jake (6 August 2010).
648:Reviews in Fisheries Science
621:Reviews in Fisheries Science
558:Lucas & Copland (1988).
784:Tridacna_(Persikima)_derasa
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999:Bivalves described in 1798
589:Clams in the Reef Aquarium
660:10.1080/10641269409388557
633:10.1080/10641269409388557
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89:Scientific classification
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270:Distribution and habitat
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922:Paleobiology Database
707:on Sealife Collection
605:Lukan, E. M. (1999).
515:Lukan, E. M. (1999).
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256:blue or green lines.
490:. Reef Builders, Inc
402:"Appendices | CITES"
373:: e.T22136A9362077.
468:4 July 2011 at the
323:in a reef aquarium.
222:southern giant clam
42:Conservation status
687:Giant Clam Farming
355:Wells, S. (1996).
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16:Species of bivalve
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909:Open Tree of Life
732:Taxon identifiers
539:. 20 January 2016
226:smooth giant clam
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432:(Röding, 1798)"
430:Tridacna derasa
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541:. Retrieved
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312:Conservation
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935:SeaLifeBase
844:iNaturalist
764:Wikispecies
386:17 November
240:Description
75:Appendix II
983:Categories
703:Photos of
543:23 January
411:14 January
339:References
57:Vulnerable
406:cites.org
263:T. maxima
234:Cardiidae
174:Species:
156:Cardiidae
112:Kingdom:
106:Eukaryota
994:Tridacna
948:Species+
862:10922944
823:46473749
755:Q1055977
749:Wikidata
719:and the
587:Tridacna
494:28 April
466:Archived
305:Tridacna
290:Tridacna
285:Tridacna
253:Tridacna
167:Tridacna
152:Family:
146:Cardiida
136:Bivalvia
126:Mollusca
122:Phylum:
116:Animalia
102:Domain:
62:IUCN 2.3
836:4372621
445:9 April
296:algae,
279:Biology
208:, 1798)
162:Genus:
142:Order:
132:Class:
77: (
60: (
966:382205
927:153307
914:599996
901:382205
797:474822
713:ARKive
566:
258:Derasa
220:, the
206:Röding
961:WoRMS
953:11215
940:83868
888:80831
875:22136
857:IRMNG
849:50593
810:58NHZ
673:CITES
436:WoRMS
329:CITES
303:When
79:CITES
73:CITES
896:OBIS
883:NCBI
870:IUCN
831:GBIF
792:BOLD
721:GFDL
564:ISBN
545:2016
496:2015
447:2014
413:2022
388:2021
371:1996
283:The
230:clam
818:EoL
805:CoL
779:AFD
656:doi
629:doi
375:doi
224:or
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
