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430:"The king of the inhabitants of the Sun, Phaethon," said Endymion king of the Moon, "has been at war with us for a long time now. Once upon a time I gathered together the poorest people in my kingdom and undertook to plant a colony on the Morning Star which was empty and uninhabited. Phaethon out of jealousy thwarted the colonization, meeting us halfway at the head of his dragoons. At that time we were beaten, for we were not a match for them in strength, and we retreated. Now, however, I desire to make war again and plant the colony."
1519:
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743:, p. 228: "Lucian of Samosata, the Greco-Syrian satirist of the second century, appears today as an exemplar of the science-fiction artist. There is little, if any, need to argue that his mythopoeic Milesian Tales and his literary fantastic voyages and utopistic hyperbole comport with the genre of science fiction"
288:
After returning to Earth, the adventurers are swallowed by a 200-mile-long (320 km) whale, in whose belly they discover a variety of fish people, against whom they wage war and triumph. They kill the whale by starting a bonfire and escape by propping its mouth open. Next, they encounter a sea of
425:
According to
Grewell, whose definition of science fiction focuses on the struggle between supposedly superior and inferior life forms, "part of the tale that qualifies it as science fiction, rather than as fantasy or imaginative fiction, involves Lucian and his seamen in a battle for territorial and
384:
is about "things I have neither seen nor experienced nor heard tell of from anybody else; things, what is more, that do not in fact exist and could not ever exist at all. So my readers must not believe a word I say." He justifies the title by arguing that his is the only truthful mythological story
393:
Modern science fiction critics do not necessarily view the satirical streak of the story as conflicting with modern notions of science fiction. The defining element of science can be found in Lucian's specific and effective approach to identifying false values and misidentifications in contemporary
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and states that "what did surprise me was their supposition that nobody would notice they were lying." Many characters and events are exaggerated to ridiculous ends to mock the original tellings. As noted by classicist B.P. Reardon, "above all, it is a
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in the ocean, but eventually sail around it, discover a far-off continent and decide to explore it. The book ends abruptly with Lucian stating that their future adventures will be described in the upcoming sequels, a promise which a disappointed
1720:
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755:, Introduction: "Lucian's Verae Historiae ("True Histories"), a fantastic journey narrative considered the earliest surviving example of Science Fiction in the Western tradition."
421:
has defined as the generic distinction of SF, that is, the depiction of an alternate world, radically unlike our own, but relatable to it in terms of significant knowledge.
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lifeforms. The armies of the Sun win the war by clouding over the Moon and blocking out the Sun's light. Both parties come to a peace agreement. Lucian describes
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ever written, inasmuch as it is the only one that admits that it is all lies. He also promises a sequel but it is not known if such a sequel existed.
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have traveled to this point, and trees that look like women. Shortly after leaving the island, they are caught up by a whirlwind and taken to the
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409:, whose protagonist also reached the Moon. The estranging feeling of the story as a defining element of science fiction has also been noted:
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269:, where they find themselves embroiled in a full-scale war between Endymion the king of the Moon and Phaethon the king of the Sun over
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The novel begins with an explanation that the story is not at all "true", and that everything in it is a complete and utter lie. The
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305:. They find sinners being punished, the worst of them being the ones who had written books with lies and fantasies, including
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make it read like a joke at the expense of nearly all early-modern science fiction, that written between, say, 1910 and 1940.
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Richter, Daniel S. (2017). "Chapter 21: Lucian of
Samosata". In Richter, Daniel S.; Johnson, William A. (eds.).
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Viglas, Katelis (July 2016), "The
Placement of Lucian's Novel True History in the Genre of Science Fiction",
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Grewell, Greg (2001), "Colonizing the
Universe: Science Fictions Then, Now, and in the (Imagined) Future",
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may properly be regarded as SF because Lucian often achieves that sense of "cognitive estrangement" which
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philosophy, which was very much the general term of science then. Additionally, they point out that
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explaining that he wishes he had stayed with her so he could have lived eternally. They discover a
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was written in response to another work that also contained science fictional elements, that is
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Don't Know Much About
Geography: Everything You Need to Know About the World But Never Learned
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Modern equivalents, combining science fiction and parody in equal measure, may be found in
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Kingsley, Amis (1960), "Starting Points: Definitions; beginnings; Verne and Wells",
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actually occurred, although Lucian was trying to parody untrue accounts of voyages.
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1450:"The True, the False, and the Truly False: Lucian's Philosophical Science Fiction"
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encounter with alien life-forms, including the experience of a first contact event
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700:. Vol. 1. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. pp. 328–329.
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1434:, Berkeley, CAlif.: University of California Press, pp. 619–649,
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380:". Consequently, Lucian goes on to state that the story recounted in
253:. Blown off course by a storm, they come to an island with a river of
217:. It has been described as "the first known text that could be called
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313:. After leaving the Island of the Blessed, they deliver a letter to
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begins with Lucian and his fellow travelers journeying out past the
667:, New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press, p. 26,
30:
This article is about the novel by Lucian. For other purposes, see
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I will merely remark that the sprightliness and sophistication of
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The names of the kings are based on the mythological characters
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events as if they were true. It is Lucian's best-known work.
636:; "The end, with its unfounded promise, is the biggest lie."
634:καὶ τὸ τέλος ψευδέστατον μετὰ τῆς ἀνυποστάτου ἐπαγγελίας
355:
In one view, Lucian intended his story to be a form of
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1556: – Articles, timeline, maps, library, and themes
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filled with fish and bears, a marker indicating that
1326:
Georgiadou, Aristoula; Larmour, David H. J. (1998),
1280:, New York: W. W. Norton & Co., pp. 13–57,
489:
worlds working by a set of alternate 'physical' laws
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1541:Loeb Classical Library, vol. 3/8 of Lucian's works
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237:, and have been the subjects of scholarly debate.
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500:A middle position seems to be taken up by critic
1364:Rocky Mountain Review of Language and Literature
1550:, with facing Greek text, at ancientlibrary.com
542:Some Roman readers believed that the events in
510:
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221:". However, the work does not fit into typical
1100:. Stuttgart: B. G. Teubner. p. 24 n. 47.
186:of outlandish tales that had been reported in
1931:
1748:
1597:
1418:New Maps of Hell: A Survey of Science Fiction
297:, other mythical men and animals, as well as
8:
285:and how it is different from life on Earth.
37:
1526:has original text related to this article:
697:The Oxford Handbook of the Second Sophistic
482:creatures as products of human technology (
190:sources, particularly those that presented
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1938:
1924:
1916:
1755:
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53:depicting a battle scene from Book One of
43:
36:
1493:
3030:On the Cave of the Nymphs in the Odyssey
1221:
351:depicting a fictional portrait of Lucian
293:. There, Lucian meets the heroes of the
174:written in the second century AD by the
2880:Odysseus on the Island of the Phaecians
2673:Big Fish: A Novel of Mythic Proportions
1400:The New Encyclopedia of Science Fiction
1241:(First Avon Books ed.). New York:
1197:
1173:
1156:
1144:
740:
728:
653:
589:
330:described as "the biggest lie of all".
1398:Gunn, James E. (1988), "The Journey",
1132:
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1053:
1041:
1029:
998:
974:
962:
950:
921:
909:
897:
885:
873:
861:
849:
837:
800:
776:
460:interplanetary warfare and imperialism
3086:On First Looking into Chapman's Homer
706:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199837472.013.26
7:
2888:Telemachus and the Nymphs of Calypso
764:
3300:Science fiction about first contact
376:of literary 'liars' like Homer and
289:milk, an island of cheese, and the
2598:Odysseus and the Isle of the Mists
557:The Adventures of Baron Munchausen
25:
2936:Circe Offering the Cup to Ulysses
2904:Odysseus at the Court of Alcinous
347:Seventeenth-century engraving by
201:It is the earliest known work of
3118:Wishbone and the Amazing Odyssey
3010:Historicity of the Homeric epics
1565:
1517:
1448:Swanson, Roy Arthur (Nov 1976),
1426:Reardon, B. P. (1989), "Lucian:
1302:Fredericks, S. C. (March 1976),
3295:Novels set on fictional islands
3111:Odyssey: The Search for Ulysses
1333:: Interpretation and Commentary
1329:Lucian's Science Fiction Novel
564:with various plot similarities.
404:Of the Wonderful Things Beyond
1432:Collected Ancient Greek Novels
277:. Both armies include bizarre
1:
2873:Jar with Odysseus and Elpenor
2790:Il ritorno d'Ulisse in patria
2697:The Lost Books of the Odyssey
1304:"Lucian's True History as SF"
1121:Georgiadou & Larmour 1998
1078:Georgiadou & Larmour 1998
1018:Georgiadou & Larmour 1998
987:Georgiadou & Larmour 1998
939:Georgiadou & Larmour 1998
826:Georgiadou & Larmour 1998
789:Georgiadou & Larmour 1998
753:Georgiadou & Larmour 1998
661:Doody, Margaret Anne (1996),
496:for exploration and adventure
3140:Between Scylla and Charybdis
2731:The Odyssey: A Modern Sequel
2657:The Odyssey: A Modern Sequel
2003:Laertes (father of Odysseus)
1402:, Viking, pp. 248–251,
1336:, Supplements to Mnemosyne,
1270:Casson, Lionel, ed. (1962),
1263:General and cited references
3223:Parallels between Virgil's
2920:Ulysses Deriding Polyphemus
1575:public domain audiobook at
3316:
2633:Les Aventures de Télémaque
2531:O Brother, Where Art Thou?
1554:Lucian of Samosata Project
1420:, New York: Harcourt Brace
1340:, The Netherlands: Brill,
1278:Selected Satires of Lucian
633:
568:History of science fiction
139:
49:Illustration from 1894 by
29:
27:Work by Lucian of Samosata
2073:Other monarchs and royals
1659:The Passing of Peregrinus
1093:"14. Ἀληθῶν διηγμάτων βʹ"
1090:Rabe, Hugo, ed. (1971) .
767:, p. 249: "proto-SF"
664:A True Story of the Novel
42:
3005:Geography of the Odyssey
2896:The Sorrow of Telemachus
1880:The Wonders Beyond Thule
1863:Metiochus and Parthenope
1691:Pseudo-Lucianic writings
1495:10.12697/IL.2016.21.1.13
3188:The Apotheosis of Homer
2952:Odysseus and Polyphemus
2912:The Apotheosis of Homer
1454:Science Fiction Studies
1308:Science Fiction Studies
1286:10.4324/9781315129105-4
578:Moon in science fiction
492:explicit desire of the
464:colonization of planets
3275:Science fiction novels
3265:Novels set on the Moon
2960:Ulysses and the Sirens
2944:Ulysses and the Sirens
2928:The Sirens and Ulysses
2849:Tales of Brave Ulysses
1849:by Pseudo-Callisthenes
1824:Leucippe and Clitophon
1791:Chaereas and Callirhoe
1721:Judgment of the Vowels
518:
436:science fiction themes
432:
426:colonization rights."
423:
352:
162:), also translated as
159:
151:
3280:Fiction about the Sun
1645:Dialogues of the Gods
1638:On the Syrian Goddess
1511:Lucian's True History
1346:10.1163/9789004351509
346:
291:Island of the Blessed
213:, and interplanetary
205:to include travel to
3260:Ancient Greek novels
3093:On Translating Homer
2822:Odysseus, Verbrecher
1764:Ancient Greek novels
1680:How to Write History
1562:at Project Gutenberg
1314:(1), Depauw: 49–60,
3285:Novels set on Venus
3171:Suitors of Penelope
3037:Rediscovering Homer
2978:Homeric scholarship
2499:The Return of Ringo
1838:Other prose fiction
1818:Xenophon of Ephesus
1785:Heliodorus of Emesa
1537:at sacred-texts.com
1123:, p. 31 n. 84.
1080:, pp. 232–233.
251:Pillars of Heracles
122:Syria, Roman Empire
39:
3255:2nd-century novels
3183:Old Man of the Sea
3067:Dactylic hexameter
3051:Hermoniakos' Iliad
2641:The World's Desire
2606:Star Trek: Odyssey
2507:Nostos: The Return
2264:Old Man of the Sea
2109:Deucalion of Crete
1900:Apollonius of Tyre
1772:Surviving romances
1546:2012-10-03 at the
1098:Scolia in Lucianum
1020:, pp. 178–232
989:, pp. 156–178
941:, pp. 156–177
357:literary criticism
353:
180:Lucian of Samosata
74:Lucian of Samosata
3242:
3241:
3062:Epithets in Homer
3057:Hysteron proteron
2806:Glam Slam Ulysses
2470:
2469:
1913:
1912:
1884:Antonius Diogenes
1846:Alexander Romance
1802:Daphnis and Chloe
1730:
1729:
1652:The Lover of Lies
1409:978-0-670-81041-3
1252:978-0-06-204356-6
1235:Davis, Kenneth C.
1200:, pp. 30–31.
1056:, pp. 49–54.
1044:, pp. 45–49.
1001:, pp. 35–45.
977:, pp. 35–37.
953:, pp. 27–33.
924:, pp. 27–28.
912:, pp. 23–25.
900:, pp. 22–23.
876:, pp. 18–21.
852:, pp. 17–18.
840:, pp. 15–17.
828:, pp. 53–155
791:, pp. 51–52.
779:, pp. 13–15.
715:978-0-19-983747-2
560:, a 1988 film by
530:and the works of
508:at the same time:
400:Antonius Diogenes
349:William Faithorne
317:given to them by
182:. The novel is a
127:
126:
118:Publication place
16:(Redirected from
3307:
3217:Homer's Daughter
3016:Odysseus Unbound
2988:Homeric Question
2983:Homeric Laughter
2814:Home Sweet Homer
2798:The Golden Apple
2665:The Human Comedy
2628:(2nd century AD)
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283:life on the Moon
144:Alēthē diēgēmata
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109:Publication date
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3290:Works by Lucian
3270:Satirical works
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3000:Jørgensen's law
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2590:Mission Odyssey
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2017:(chief servant)
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1829:Achilles Tatius
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1685:
1622:Works by Lucian
1616:
1610:
1566:
1548:Wayback Machine
1528:Ἀληθῆ διηγήματα
1514:at google books
1506:
1482:Interlitteraria
1479:
1476:
1474:Further reading
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1376:10.2307/1348255
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1210:Fredericks 1976
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1186:Fredericks 1976
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735:
727:
723:
716:
693:
692:
688:
679:
677:
675:
660:
659:
655:
651:
646:
641:
640:
628:
624:
612:and the son of
604:, the lover of
595:
591:
586:
552:
540:
442:that appear in
391:
389:Science fiction
341:
336:
243:
223:literary genres
219:science fiction
211:alien lifeforms
160:Verae Historiae
140:Ἀληθῆ διηγήματα
110:
102:Science fiction
65:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3313:
3311:
3303:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3247:
3246:
3240:
3239:
3237:
3236:
3220:
3213:
3205:
3197:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3152:
3150:
3146:
3145:
3143:
3142:
3137:
3131:
3129:
3125:
3124:
3122:
3121:
3114:
3106:
3104:
3100:
3099:
3097:
3096:
3089:
3081:
3079:
3073:
3072:
3070:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3047:
3044:Odysseus' Scar
3040:
3033:
3026:
3025:
3024:
3022:Homer's Ithaca
3019:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2996:
2995:
2985:
2980:
2974:
2972:
2968:
2967:
2965:
2964:
2956:
2948:
2940:
2932:
2924:
2916:
2908:
2900:
2892:
2884:
2876:
2869:
2867:
2863:
2862:
2860:
2859:
2852:
2844:
2842:
2838:
2837:
2835:
2834:
2826:
2818:
2810:
2802:
2794:
2786:
2778:
2770:
2766:Current Nobody
2761:
2759:
2755:
2754:
2752:
2751:
2747:Pagan Operetta
2743:
2735:
2727:
2719:
2717:
2713:
2712:
2710:
2709:
2701:
2693:
2689:The Penelopiad
2685:
2681:Trojan Odyssey
2677:
2669:
2661:
2653:
2645:
2637:
2629:
2620:
2618:
2614:
2613:
2611:
2610:
2602:
2594:
2586:
2578:
2570:
2561:
2559:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2551:
2543:
2535:
2527:
2519:
2511:
2510:(1989 Italian)
2503:
2502:(1965 Italian)
2495:
2494:(1954 Italian)
2487:
2486:(1911 Italian)
2478:
2476:
2472:
2471:
2468:
2467:
2465:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2369:
2368:
2367:
2357:
2352:
2347:
2342:
2336:
2334:
2328:
2327:
2325:
2324:
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2284:
2278:
2276:
2270:
2269:
2267:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2205:
2203:
2199:
2198:
2196:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2171:
2166:
2159:
2154:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2100:
2095:
2091:, king of the
2086:
2076:
2074:
2070:
2069:
2067:
2066:
2060:
2054:
2048:
2042:
2036:
2030:
2024:
2018:
2012:
2006:
2000:
1994:
1988:
1982:
1975:
1973:
1963:
1957:
1956:
1945:
1943:
1942:
1935:
1928:
1920:
1911:
1910:
1908:
1907:
1902:
1896:
1894:
1893:Related topics
1890:
1889:
1887:
1886:
1877:
1866:
1859:
1850:
1841:
1839:
1835:
1834:
1832:
1831:
1820:
1809:
1798:
1787:
1775:
1773:
1769:
1768:
1762:
1760:
1759:
1752:
1745:
1737:
1728:
1727:
1725:
1724:
1717:
1710:
1703:
1695:
1693:
1687:
1686:
1684:
1683:
1676:
1669:
1662:
1655:
1648:
1641:
1634:
1626:
1624:
1618:
1617:
1611:
1609:
1608:
1601:
1594:
1586:
1580:
1579:
1563:
1557:
1551:
1538:
1534:A True History
1530:
1515:
1505:
1504:External links
1502:
1501:
1500:
1488:(1): 158–172,
1475:
1472:
1470:
1469:
1460:(3): 228–239,
1445:
1440:
1423:
1413:
1408:
1395:
1359:
1354:
1331:True Histories
1323:
1299:
1294:
1273:"A True Story"
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1258:
1251:
1245:. p. 18.
1226:
1214:
1202:
1190:
1178:
1161:
1159:, p. 622.
1149:
1147:, p. 619.
1137:
1125:
1113:
1106:
1082:
1070:
1058:
1046:
1034:
1022:
1003:
991:
979:
967:
955:
943:
926:
914:
902:
890:
878:
866:
854:
842:
830:
805:
793:
781:
769:
757:
745:
733:
721:
714:
686:
673:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
639:
638:
622:
588:
587:
585:
582:
581:
580:
575:
570:
565:
551:
548:
539:
536:
498:
497:
490:
487:
480:
474:
471:
465:
462:
457:
454:
390:
387:
340:
337:
335:
332:
242:
239:
125:
124:
119:
115:
114:
113:2nd century AD
111:
108:
105:
104:
91:
87:
86:
81:
77:
76:
71:
67:
66:
51:William Strang
48:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3312:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3252:
3250:
3235:
3234:
3230:
3226:
3221:
3219:
3218:
3214:
3211:
3210:
3209:Cold Mountain
3206:
3203:
3202:
3201:Cold Mountain
3198:
3196:
3195:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3178:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3153:
3151:
3147:
3141:
3138:
3136:
3135:In medias res
3133:
3132:
3130:
3126:
3120:
3119:
3115:
3113:
3112:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3101:
3095:
3094:
3090:
3087:
3083:
3082:
3080:
3078:
3074:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3052:
3048:
3045:
3041:
3039:
3038:
3034:
3032:
3031:
3027:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3017:
3013:
3012:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2994:
2991:
2990:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2975:
2973:
2969:
2962:
2961:
2957:
2954:
2953:
2949:
2946:
2945:
2941:
2938:
2937:
2933:
2930:
2929:
2925:
2922:
2921:
2917:
2914:
2913:
2909:
2906:
2905:
2901:
2898:
2897:
2893:
2890:
2889:
2885:
2882:
2881:
2877:
2875:(c. 440 B.C.)
2874:
2871:
2870:
2868:
2864:
2857:
2853:
2850:
2846:
2845:
2843:
2839:
2832:
2831:
2827:
2824:
2823:
2819:
2816:
2815:
2811:
2808:
2807:
2803:
2800:
2799:
2795:
2792:
2791:
2787:
2784:
2783:
2779:
2776:
2775:
2771:
2768:
2767:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2756:
2749:
2748:
2744:
2741:
2740:
2736:
2733:
2732:
2728:
2725:
2721:
2720:
2718:
2714:
2707:
2706:
2702:
2699:
2698:
2694:
2691:
2690:
2686:
2683:
2682:
2678:
2675:
2674:
2670:
2667:
2666:
2662:
2659:
2658:
2654:
2651:
2650:
2646:
2643:
2642:
2638:
2635:
2634:
2630:
2627:
2626:
2622:
2621:
2619:
2615:
2608:
2607:
2603:
2600:
2599:
2595:
2592:
2591:
2587:
2584:
2583:
2579:
2576:
2575:
2571:
2568:
2567:
2563:
2562:
2560:
2556:
2549:
2548:
2544:
2541:
2540:
2536:
2533:
2532:
2528:
2526:(2000 French)
2525:
2524:
2520:
2517:
2516:
2515:Ulysses' Gaze
2512:
2509:
2508:
2504:
2501:
2500:
2496:
2493:
2492:
2488:
2485:
2484:
2480:
2479:
2477:
2473:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2370:
2366:
2363:
2362:
2361:
2358:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2343:
2341:
2338:
2337:
2335:
2333:
2329:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2275:
2271:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2244:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2206:
2204:
2200:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2164:
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2120:
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2090:
2087:
2085:
2081:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2071:
2064:
2061:
2058:
2055:
2052:
2049:
2046:
2043:
2040:
2037:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2013:
2011:(grandfather)
2010:
2007:
2004:
2001:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1989:
1986:
1983:
1980:
1977:
1976:
1974:
1972:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1953:
1948:
1941:
1936:
1934:
1929:
1927:
1922:
1921:
1918:
1906:
1905:Milesian tale
1903:
1901:
1898:
1897:
1895:
1891:
1885:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1872:
1871:
1867:
1865:
1864:
1860:
1858:
1854:
1851:
1848:
1847:
1843:
1842:
1840:
1836:
1830:
1826:
1825:
1821:
1819:
1815:
1814:
1813:Ephesian Tale
1810:
1808:
1804:
1803:
1799:
1797:
1793:
1792:
1788:
1786:
1782:
1781:
1777:
1776:
1774:
1770:
1766:and novelists
1765:
1758:
1753:
1751:
1746:
1744:
1739:
1738:
1735:
1723:
1722:
1718:
1716:
1715:
1711:
1709:
1708:
1704:
1702:
1701:
1697:
1696:
1694:
1692:
1688:
1682:
1681:
1677:
1675:
1674:
1670:
1668:
1667:
1663:
1661:
1660:
1656:
1654:
1653:
1649:
1647:
1646:
1642:
1640:
1639:
1635:
1633:
1632:
1628:
1627:
1625:
1623:
1619:
1615:
1607:
1602:
1600:
1595:
1593:
1588:
1587:
1584:
1578:
1574:
1573:
1564:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1549:
1545:
1542:
1539:
1536:
1535:
1531:
1529:
1525:
1520:
1516:
1513:
1512:
1508:
1507:
1503:
1496:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1478:
1477:
1473:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1446:
1443:
1441:0-520-04306-5
1437:
1433:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1411:
1405:
1401:
1396:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1360:
1357:
1355:90-04-10667-7
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1334:
1330:
1324:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1300:
1297:
1295:0-393-00443-0
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1274:
1268:
1267:
1262:
1254:
1248:
1244:
1243:HarperCollins
1240:
1236:
1230:
1227:
1224:, p. 28.
1223:
1222:Kingsley 1960
1218:
1215:
1211:
1206:
1203:
1199:
1194:
1191:
1188:, p. 54.
1187:
1182:
1179:
1175:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1153:
1150:
1146:
1141:
1138:
1135:, p. 57.
1134:
1129:
1126:
1122:
1117:
1114:
1109:
1107:3-519-01516-1
1103:
1099:
1094:
1086:
1083:
1079:
1074:
1071:
1068:, p. 54.
1067:
1062:
1059:
1055:
1050:
1047:
1043:
1038:
1035:
1032:, p. 46.
1031:
1026:
1023:
1019:
1014:
1012:
1010:
1008:
1004:
1000:
995:
992:
988:
983:
980:
976:
971:
968:
965:, p. 34.
964:
959:
956:
952:
947:
944:
940:
935:
933:
931:
927:
923:
918:
915:
911:
906:
903:
899:
894:
891:
888:, p. 22.
887:
882:
879:
875:
870:
867:
864:, p. 18.
863:
858:
855:
851:
846:
843:
839:
834:
831:
827:
822:
820:
818:
816:
814:
812:
810:
806:
803:, p. 15.
802:
797:
794:
790:
785:
782:
778:
773:
770:
766:
761:
758:
754:
749:
746:
742:
737:
734:
730:
725:
722:
717:
711:
707:
703:
699:
698:
690:
687:
676:
674:0-8135-2168-8
670:
666:
665:
657:
654:
648:
643:
631:
630:Ancient Greek
626:
623:
620:respectively.
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
593:
590:
583:
579:
576:
574:
571:
569:
566:
563:
562:Terry Gilliam
559:
558:
554:
553:
549:
547:
545:
537:
535:
533:
532:Douglas Adams
529:
528:
523:
517:
515:
509:
507:
503:
502:Kingsley Amis
495:
491:
488:
485:
481:
479:
475:
472:
470:
466:
463:
461:
458:
455:
453:
449:
448:
447:
445:
441:
437:
431:
427:
422:
420:
416:
410:
408:
407:
401:
397:
388:
386:
383:
379:
375:
370:
366:
362:
358:
350:
345:
338:
333:
331:
329:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
286:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
240:
238:
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
199:
197:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
152:Vera Historia
149:
145:
137:
136:Ancient Greek
133:
132:
123:
120:
116:
112:
106:
103:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
82:
78:
75:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
46:
41:
38:A True Story
33:
19:
3232:
3228:
3227:and Homer's
3224:
3215:
3207:
3199:
3192:
3175:
3166:Trojan Horse
3116:
3109:
3091:
3077:Translations
3049:
3035:
3028:
3014:
2958:
2950:
2942:
2934:
2926:
2918:
2910:
2902:
2894:
2886:
2878:
2828:
2820:
2812:
2804:
2796:
2788:
2780:
2772:
2764:
2745:
2737:
2729:
2703:
2695:
2687:
2679:
2671:
2663:
2655:
2647:
2639:
2631:
2625:A True Story
2624:
2623:
2604:
2596:
2588:
2580:
2572:
2564:
2545:
2537:
2529:
2521:
2518:(1995 Greek)
2513:
2505:
2497:
2489:
2481:
2462:Theoclymenus
2422:Laestrygones
2307:Demoptolemus
2143:Peisistratus
2093:Laestrygones
1950:
1879:
1870:A True Story
1869:
1868:
1861:
1852:
1844:
1822:
1811:
1800:
1789:
1778:
1719:
1712:
1705:
1698:
1678:
1673:A True Story
1672:
1671:
1664:
1657:
1650:
1643:
1636:
1629:
1572:True History
1571:
1533:
1522: Greek
1510:
1485:
1481:
1457:
1453:
1431:
1428:A True Story
1427:
1417:
1399:
1370:(2): 25–47,
1367:
1363:
1332:
1328:
1311:
1307:
1277:
1238:
1229:
1217:
1205:
1198:Grewell 2001
1193:
1181:
1174:Swanson 1976
1157:Reardon 1989
1152:
1145:Reardon 1989
1140:
1128:
1116:
1097:
1085:
1073:
1061:
1049:
1037:
1025:
994:
982:
970:
958:
946:
917:
905:
893:
881:
869:
857:
845:
833:
796:
784:
772:
760:
748:
741:Swanson 1976
736:
729:Grewell 2001
724:
696:
689:
680:December 16,
678:, retrieved
663:
656:
625:
610:moon goddess
592:
555:
544:A True Story
543:
541:
525:
519:
514:True History
513:
511:
506:True Stories
505:
499:
444:True Stories
443:
434:The typical
433:
429:
424:
415:True Stories
414:
412:
403:
396:A True Story
395:
392:
382:A True Story
381:
354:
287:
275:Morning Star
271:colonization
244:
200:
166:, is a long
164:True History
163:
143:
131:A True Story
130:
129:
128:
63:A True Story
62:
18:True History
3177:The Odyssey
3103:Video games
2993:Chorizontes
2856:The Odyssey
2593:(2002-2003)
2582:The Odyssey
2566:The Odyssey
2402:Halitherses
2193:Thrasymedes
2165:of Phaeacia
2105:of Phaeacia
2035:(swineherd)
1853:Babyloniaca
1707:Philopatris
1133:Casson 1962
1066:Casson 1962
1054:Casson 1962
1042:Casson 1962
1030:Casson 1962
999:Casson 1962
975:Casson 1962
963:Casson 1962
951:Casson 1962
922:Casson 1962
910:Casson 1962
898:Casson 1962
886:Casson 1962
874:Casson 1962
862:Casson 1962
850:Casson 1962
838:Casson 1962
801:Casson 1962
777:Casson 1962
494:protagonist
478:giganticism
467:artificial
452:outer space
419:Darko Suvin
207:outer space
3249:Categories
2739:The Cantos
2617:Literature
2574:Ulysses 31
2547:The Return
2523:Sans plomb
2397:Eurylochus
2365:Polyphemus
2312:Eurymachus
2292:Amphinomus
2287:Amphimedon
2138:Stratichus
2089:Antiphates
2047:(goatherd)
2045:Melanthius
2039:Philoetius
2029:(musician)
1985:Telemachus
1961:Characters
1857:Iamblichus
1780:Aethiopica
1524:Wikisource
644:References
527:Micromégas
473:liquid air
469:atmosphere
450:travel to
303:Pythagoras
295:Trojan War
32:True Story
3156:Telemachy
2883:(c. 1635)
2866:Paintings
2817:(musical)
2809:(musical)
2801:(musical)
2483:L'Odissea
2447:Charybdis
2437:Polydamna
2427:Mesaulius
2417:Kikonians
2387:Eupeithes
2372:Demodocus
2322:Perimedes
2302:Ctesippus
2239:Leucothea
2183:Idomeneus
2174:Agamemnon
2161:Princess
2128:Echephron
2065:(pet dog)
2041:(cowherd)
2023:(advisor)
2015:Eurycleia
2009:Autolycus
1969:House of
1612:Works by
1392:171048588
765:Gunn 1988
649:Citations
538:Reception
476:motif of
378:Herodotus
328:scholiast
307:Herodotus
247:narrative
192:fantastic
170:or short
3194:Contempt
2858:" (song)
2851:" (song)
2830:Penelope
2726:" (1842)
2457:Tiresias
2407:Heracles
2392:Euryalus
2360:Cyclopes
2355:Antiphus
2350:Anticlus
2340:Achilles
2297:Antinous
2249:Poseidon
2169:Laodamas
2163:Nausicaa
2148:Menelaus
2084:Phaeacia
2080:Alcinous
2059:(herald)
2051:Melantho
2005:(father)
1999:(mother)
1997:Anticlea
1993:(sister)
1979:Penelope
1971:Odysseus
1796:Chariton
1714:Timarion
1577:LibriVox
1560:The book
1544:Archived
1237:(2013).
602:Phaethon
598:Endymion
550:See also
522:Voltaire
365:Iambulus
334:Analysis
319:Odysseus
263:Dionysus
259:Heracles
196:mythical
80:Language
59:Samosata
3233:Odyssey
3204:(novel)
3149:Related
3128:Phrases
2793:(opera)
2774:Cyclops
2724:Ulysses
2649:Ulysses
2539:Keyhole
2491:Ulysses
2432:Polites
2382:Elpenor
2282:Agelaus
2274:Suitors
2259:Oceanus
2219:Calypso
2178:Mycenae
2133:Perseus
2114:Echetus
2033:Eumaeus
2027:Phemius
1991:Ctimene
1952:Odyssey
1700:Halcyon
1666:Toxaris
1466:4239038
1384:1348255
1320:4238997
618:sun god
573:Meropis
402:' lost
361:Ctesias
315:Calypso
311:Ctesias
273:of the
227:fantasy
215:warfare
203:fiction
188:ancient
178:author
168:novella
98:Fantasy
3225:Aeneid
3212:(film)
3161:Nekyia
2963:(1909)
2955:(1896)
2947:(1891)
2939:(1891)
2931:(1837)
2923:(1829)
2915:(1827)
2907:(1816)
2899:(1783)
2891:(1782)
2833:(play)
2825:(play)
2785:(play)
2782:Ithaka
2777:(play)
2769:(play)
2750:(1998)
2742:(1962)
2734:(1938)
2708:(2018)
2700:(2010)
2692:(2005)
2684:(2003)
2676:(1998)
2668:(1943)
2660:(1938)
2652:(1922)
2644:(1890)
2636:(1699)
2609:(2007)
2601:(2007)
2585:(1997)
2577:(1981)
2569:(1968)
2550:(2024)
2542:(2012)
2534:(2000)
2452:Sirens
2442:Scylla
2377:Dolius
2332:Others
2317:Leodes
2234:Hermes
2229:Helios
2214:Athena
2209:Aeolus
2188:Mentes
2152:Sparta
2119:Nestor
2098:Aretus
2053:(maid)
2021:Mentor
1981:(wife)
1875:Lucian
1807:Longus
1631:Amores
1614:Lucian
1464:
1438:
1406:
1390:
1382:
1352:
1338:Leiden
1318:
1292:
1249:
1104:
712:
671:
614:Helios
606:Selene
486:theme)
374:parody
367:, and
339:Satire
279:hybrid
235:parody
231:satire
184:satire
176:Syrian
94:Satire
70:Author
55:Lucian
3229:Iliad
2971:Study
2758:Stage
2716:Poems
2705:Circe
2475:Films
2224:Circe
2157:Helen
2123:Pylos
2103:Arete
2063:Argos
2057:Medon
1987:(son)
1947:Homer
1462:JSTOR
1388:S2CID
1380:JSTOR
1316:JSTOR
584:Notes
484:robot
446:are:
440:topoi
406:Thule
369:Homer
323:chasm
299:Homer
172:novel
156:Latin
148:Latin
90:Genre
84:Greek
3231:and
2841:Song
2412:Irus
2345:Ajax
2254:Zeus
2202:Gods
1436:ISBN
1404:ISBN
1350:ISBN
1290:ISBN
1247:ISBN
1102:ISBN
710:ISBN
682:2020
669:ISBN
616:the
608:the
600:and
438:and
309:and
301:and
267:Moon
261:and
255:wine
241:Plot
2243:Ino
2176:of
2150:of
2121:of
2082:of
1949:'s
1882:by
1873:by
1855:by
1827:by
1816:by
1805:by
1794:by
1783:by
1490:doi
1430:",
1372:doi
1342:doi
1282:doi
702:doi
524:'s
413:...
233:or
194:or
154:or
61:'s
57:of
3251::
2558:TV
1486:21
1484:,
1456:,
1452:,
1386:,
1378:,
1368:55
1366:,
1348:,
1310:,
1306:,
1288:,
1276:,
1164:^
1096:.
1006:^
929:^
808:^
708:.
632::
534:.
363:,
229:,
209:,
158::
150::
146:;
142:,
138::
100:,
96:,
3088:"
3084:"
3046:"
3042:"
2854:"
2847:"
2722:"
2245:)
2241:(
1939:e
1932:t
1925:v
1756:e
1749:t
1742:v
1605:e
1598:t
1591:v
1498:.
1492::
1458:3
1422:.
1374::
1344::
1312:3
1284::
1255:.
1212:.
1176:.
1110:.
731:.
718:.
704::
134:(
34:.
20:)
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