126:
3338:
3333:
2493:
1373:
154:
2498:
1189:
descended from a population of ancestral caimans that never left North
America, but this hypothesis is unlikely given that it would necessitate multiple independent dispersals into Central and South America (including one for
1159:
is one of the few caimanines known to have lived north of what is now Mexico; the majority of caimans living and extinct are known from
Central and South America. Caimans are thought to have originated in North America in the
1172:
is unknown. A sea route is unlikely given that living caimans have low tolerance for salt water, yet North and South
America were separated by a large expanse of ocean. A continuous land route would not appear until the
1168:
most likely originated from a South
American population that reentered North America in the Early Eocene. The route by which a population of caimans could have reached North America in the Early
3434:
1406:
1225:"Phylogenetic analysis of a new morphological dataset elucidates the evolutionary history of Crocodylia and resolves the long-standing gharial problem"
3508:
3493:
3421:
3498:
378:
and may have evolved after caimans dispersed into North
America from northern and central South America, their main center of diversity in the
3332:
1399:
3337:
125:
3503:
2665:
2492:
349:
137:
2711:
2580:
1283:
Brochu, C.A. (2010). "A new alligatorid from the lower Eocene Green River
Formation of Wyoming and the origin of caimans".
642:
1392:
483:
2572:
1739:
2793:
418:
bone is also found on the skull table, and forms a V-shape. To either side of the V-shaped supraoccipitals are the
153:
2765:
796:
437:(bony scutes along the back) are wider than those of other caimans. Some have two keels on their outer surface.
2411:
353:
1732:
736:
2497:
2786:
527:
141:
3272:
3046:
3488:
3376:
3296:
3070:
2779:
870:
1185:
between the two continents occurred in the Late Eocene. An alternative biogeographic explanation is that
3460:
3256:
3249:
3062:
3054:
2938:
1575:
1495:
823:
754:
574:
554:
453:
371:
329:
3280:
452:
was included in a phylogenetic analysis when it was described in 2010. Brochu (2010) found it to be a
3408:
2772:
2461:
2454:
2404:
2202:
1336:
1028:
982:
669:
2440:
2167:
1378:
3304:
3213:
3205:
2931:
2209:
2188:
2181:
1842:
1718:
1522:
1354:
1300:
148:
3465:
3447:
3439:
3220:
2719:
2686:
2447:
2174:
1979:
1258:
1174:
930:
407:
391:
307:
3452:
3198:
2433:
2296:
2259:
2195:
2090:
1956:
1344:
1292:
1248:
1238:
1001:
221:
208:
3288:
3264:
3227:
3147:
2895:
2622:
2381:
2366:
2331:
2274:
2144:
2000:
1945:
1762:
1746:
1182:
1161:
399:
1323:
Hastings, A. K.; Bloch, J. I.; Jaramillo, C. A.; Rincon, A. F.; MacFadden, B. J. (2013).
17:
1340:
3161:
3139:
2881:
2873:
2831:
2629:
2564:
2550:
2423:
2136:
2120:
2049:
2007:
1965:
1937:
1915:
1872:
1807:
1794:
1769:
1754:
1725:
1656:
1612:
1597:
1253:
1224:
415:
3482:
3359:
3191:
3184:
3169:
3154:
3117:
3103:
3015:
3000:
2992:
2909:
2888:
2859:
2852:
2845:
2735:
2649:
2637:
2587:
2557:
2542:
2528:
2310:
2281:
2251:
2113:
2082:
2069:
2057:
2041:
2023:
1986:
1886:
1710:
1688:
1304:
1203:
948:
611:
597:
494:
419:
241:
83:
1358:
3354:
3177:
3110:
3023:
3008:
2975:
2964:
2916:
2698:
2608:
2595:
2515:
2394:
2345:
2338:
2266:
2128:
2105:
1930:
1922:
1893:
1835:
1828:
1703:
1588:
1480:
1455:
1047:
475:
357:
277:
1349:
1324:
1296:
3132:
3125:
2923:
2902:
2866:
2838:
2817:
2359:
2352:
2324:
2317:
2303:
2244:
2097:
2033:
1993:
1972:
1900:
1879:
1821:
1695:
1663:
1620:
850:
709:
479:
462:
58:
3399:
366:. According to the current understanding of caiman evolutionary relationships,
3086:
2950:
2755:
2679:
2672:
2658:
2237:
1854:
1634:
1534:
1446:
1416:
1368:
624:
457:
423:
411:
375:
345:
325:
231:
103:
68:
3036:
2157:
1641:
1507:
503:
434:
322:
165:
108:
52:
1262:
422:, which form the posterior margin of the skull table. Along the snout, the
3393:
3239:
2727:
2288:
1908:
1648:
1464:
1440:
1325:"Systematics and biogeography of crocodylians from the Miocene of Panama"
1178:
488:
379:
337:
185:
98:
93:
78:
73:
63:
45:
1243:
3426:
1627:
1384:
713:
482:
caimans (the smallest clade that includes all living caimans and their
333:
315:
195:
113:
88:
2224:
1434:
1169:
398:
lacks a spectacle, but it does have three smaller ridges between the
341:
251:
175:
41:
3370:
470:(2013), which included several more species of caimans, also placed
1670:
1229:
427:
318:
3413:
2743:
1605:
1181:, and a potentially crossable island chain would not form until
3374:
2513:
1792:
1573:
1427:
1388:
426:
forms a thin ridge, and narrows as it approaches the external
356:
in 2010 by paleontologist
Christopher A. Brochu, with the
1223:
Rio, Jonathan P.; Mannion, Philip D. (6 September 2021).
441:
also has bipartite ventral osteoderms on its underside.
1177:
formed several tens of millions of years later in the
394:
have a "spectacle", or a bony ridge between the eyes.
1024:
997:
866:
846:
819:
792:
692:
665:
638:
570:
550:
523:
284:
3383:
3237:
3085:
3034:
2974:
2948:
2815:
2753:
2697:
2648:
2606:
2526:
2421:
2392:
2223:
2155:
2068:
2021:
1955:
1852:
1805:
1680:
1587:
1533:
1506:
1479:
1400:
474:in a basal position within Caimaninae as the
8:
3371:
3095:
2984:
2956:
2823:
2703:
2614:
2534:
2523:
2510:
2229:
2074:
2065:
1864:
1860:
1813:
1802:
1789:
1584:
1570:
1512:
1485:
1476:
1424:
1407:
1393:
1385:
124:
31:
1348:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1252:
1242:
1278:
1276:
1274:
1272:
1215:
7:
460:closely related to the living genus
406:, distinct rims are seen around the
1017:
972:
920:
913:
839:
812:
785:
778:
726:
719:
685:
658:
631:
604:
543:
516:
509:
1329:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
1285:Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology
498:were successively more basal than
25:
3509:Prehistoric pseudosuchian genera
3494:Eocene reptiles of North America
3336:
3331:
2496:
2491:
1371:
430:where the nostrils are located.
390:Some living caimans such as the
152:
138:Fossil Butte National Monument
1:
3499:Fossil taxa described in 2010
328:. Fossils are known from the
1350:10.1080/02724634.2012.713814
1297:10.1080/02724634.2010.483569
643:Culebrasuchus mesoamericanus
314:", meaning "monster") is an
484:most recent common ancestor
466:. The analysis of Hastings
352:). The genus was named and
3525:
3349:
3329:
3098:
2987:
2959:
2826:
2706:
2617:
2537:
2522:
2509:
2489:
2232:
2077:
1867:
1863:
1816:
1801:
1788:
1583:
1569:
1515:
1488:
1475:
1423:
1042:
1022:
1015:
995:
977:
970:
943:
925:
918:
911:
864:
844:
837:
817:
810:
797:Centenariosuchus gilmorei
790:
783:
776:
749:
731:
724:
717:
697:Tsoabichi greenriverensis
690:
683:
663:
656:
636:
629:
609:
602:
568:
548:
541:
521:
514:
363:Tsoabichi greenriverensis
289:Tsoabichi greenriverensis
283:
276:
149:Scientific classification
147:
134:Tsoabichi greenriverensis
132:
123:
34:
27:Extinct genus of reptiles
18:Tsoabichi greenriverensis
2666:"Crocodylus" gariepensis
2939:"Tomistoma" lusitanicum
2712:"Crocodylus" megarhinus
2581:"Crocodylus" megarhinus
734:Paleosuchus palpebrosus
528:Stangerochampsa mccabei
408:supratemporal fenestrae
336:, and date back to the
142:Lincoln County, Wyoming
3504:Eocene crocodylomorphs
871:Orthogenysuchus olseni
752:Paleosuchus trigonatus
3461:Paleobiology Database
824:Purussaurus neivensis
755:Smooth-fronted caiman
737:Cuvier's dwarf caiman
575:Brachychampsa sealeyi
555:Brachychampsa montana
402:, or eye sockets. In
330:Green River Formation
3214:"Tomistoma" coppensi
3206:"Tomistoma" cairense
2932:"Tomistoma" cairense
2573:"Crocodylus" affinis
1740:"Crocodylus" affinis
1029:Melanosuchus fisheri
983:Broad-snouted caiman
670:Eocaiman cavernensis
3221:"Tomistoma" dowsoni
1379:Paleontology portal
1341:2013JVPal..33..239H
1244:10.7717/peerj.12094
410:, two holes on the
2794:C. thorbjarnarsoni
1843:Listrognathosuchus
1719:Brachyuranochampsa
1045:Melanosuchus niger
980:Caiman latirostris
502:, as shown in the
350:North American age
3476:
3475:
3448:Open Tree of Life
3377:Taxon identifiers
3368:
3367:
3345:
3344:
3327:
3326:
3323:
3322:
3319:
3318:
3315:
3314:
3081:
3080:
2811:
2810:
2807:
2806:
2803:
2802:
2766:C. anthropophagus
2505:
2504:
2487:
2486:
2483:
2482:
2479:
2478:
2475:
2474:
2471:
2470:
2219:
2218:
2017:
2016:
1980:Eurycephalosuchus
1784:
1783:
1780:
1779:
1733:"Crocodylus" acer
1565:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1557:
1556:
1553:
1552:
1175:Isthmus of Panama
1148:
1147:
1139:
1138:
1130:
1129:
1121:
1120:
1112:
1111:
1103:
1102:
1094:
1093:
1085:
1084:
1076:
1075:
1067:
1066:
1058:
1057:
959:
958:
931:Spectacled caiman
928:Caiman crocodilus
900:
899:
891:
890:
882:
881:
765:
764:
586:
585:
392:Spectacled Caiman
299:
298:
272:
16:(Redirected from
3516:
3469:
3468:
3456:
3455:
3443:
3442:
3430:
3429:
3417:
3416:
3404:
3403:
3402:
3372:
3340:
3335:
3297:G. pachyrhynchus
3199:Siquisiquesuchus
3096:
2985:
2957:
2824:
2704:
2615:
2535:
2524:
2511:
2500:
2495:
2462:C. wannlangstoni
2455:C. venezuelensis
2297:Globidentosuchus
2260:Centenariosuchus
2230:
2091:Allognathosuchus
2075:
2066:
1957:Orientalosuchina
1865:
1861:
1814:
1803:
1790:
1585:
1571:
1513:
1486:
1477:
1470:
1469:
1425:
1409:
1402:
1395:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1375:
1374:
1363:
1362:
1352:
1320:
1309:
1308:
1291:(4): 1109–1126.
1280:
1267:
1266:
1256:
1246:
1220:
1026:
1018:
1002:Caiman lutescens
999:
973:
921:
914:
868:
848:
840:
821:
813:
794:
786:
779:
727:
720:
710:crown group
694:
686:
667:
659:
640:
632:
605:
572:
552:
544:
525:
517:
510:
286:
270:
263:
222:Archosauriformes
209:Archosauromorpha
157:
156:
128:
118:
55:
40:Temporal range:
32:
21:
3524:
3523:
3519:
3518:
3517:
3515:
3514:
3513:
3479:
3478:
3477:
3472:
3464:
3459:
3451:
3446:
3438:
3433:
3425:
3420:
3412:
3407:
3398:
3397:
3392:
3379:
3369:
3364:
3341:
3311:
3273:G. curvirostris
3250:G. bengawanicus
3233:
3228:Toyotamaphimeia
3148:Hesperogavialis
3089:
3077:
3030:
2978:
2970:
2953:
2944:
2896:Megadontosuchus
2820:
2799:
2787:C. palaeindicus
2749:
2693:
2644:
2623:Aldabrachampsus
2611:
2602:
2531:
2518:
2501:
2467:
2441:C. brevirostris
2417:
2388:
2382:Wannaganosuchus
2367:Stangerochampsa
2332:Orthogenysuchus
2275:Chinatichampsus
2215:
2151:
2145:Wannaganosuchus
2064:
2026:
2013:
2001:Orientalosuchus
1951:
1946:Stangerochampsa
1857:
1848:
1810:
1797:
1776:
1763:Prodiplocynodon
1747:Portugalosuchus
1676:
1579:
1549:
1529:
1502:
1471:
1430:
1429:
1419:
1413:
1377:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1366:
1322:
1321:
1312:
1282:
1281:
1270:
1222:
1221:
1217:
1212:
1183:tectonic uplift
1162:Late Cretaceous
1154:
1149:
1140:
1131:
1122:
1113:
1104:
1095:
1086:
1077:
1068:
1059:
960:
901:
892:
883:
766:
587:
447:
388:
295:
292:
269:
261:
151:
119:
117:
116:
111:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
50:
49:
38:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3522:
3520:
3512:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3491:
3481:
3480:
3474:
3473:
3471:
3470:
3457:
3444:
3431:
3418:
3405:
3389:
3387:
3381:
3380:
3375:
3366:
3365:
3363:
3362:
3357:
3350:
3347:
3346:
3343:
3342:
3330:
3328:
3325:
3324:
3321:
3320:
3317:
3316:
3313:
3312:
3310:
3309:
3301:
3293:
3285:
3277:
3269:
3261:
3253:
3245:
3243:
3235:
3234:
3232:
3231:
3224:
3217:
3210:
3202:
3195:
3188:
3181:
3174:
3166:
3162:Maomingosuchus
3158:
3151:
3144:
3140:Harpacochampsa
3136:
3129:
3122:
3114:
3107:
3099:
3093:
3083:
3082:
3079:
3078:
3076:
3075:
3067:
3063:T. lusitanicum
3059:
3051:
3047:T. calaritanum
3042:
3040:
3032:
3031:
3029:
3028:
3020:
3012:
3005:
2997:
2988:
2982:
2972:
2971:
2969:
2968:
2960:
2954:
2949:
2946:
2945:
2943:
2942:
2935:
2928:
2920:
2913:
2906:
2899:
2892:
2885:
2882:Maomingosuchus
2878:
2874:Leptorrhamphus
2870:
2863:
2856:
2849:
2842:
2835:
2832:Dollosuchoides
2827:
2821:
2816:
2813:
2812:
2809:
2808:
2805:
2804:
2801:
2800:
2798:
2797:
2790:
2783:
2780:C. falconensis
2776:
2769:
2761:
2759:
2751:
2750:
2748:
2747:
2740:
2732:
2724:
2716:
2707:
2701:
2695:
2694:
2692:
2691:
2683:
2676:
2669:
2662:
2654:
2652:
2646:
2645:
2643:
2642:
2634:
2630:Dzungarisuchus
2626:
2618:
2612:
2607:
2604:
2603:
2601:
2600:
2592:
2584:
2577:
2569:
2565:Australosuchus
2561:
2554:
2551:Antecrocodylus
2547:
2538:
2532:
2527:
2520:
2519:
2514:
2507:
2506:
2503:
2502:
2490:
2488:
2485:
2484:
2481:
2480:
2477:
2476:
2473:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2466:
2465:
2458:
2451:
2444:
2437:
2429:
2427:
2419:
2418:
2416:
2415:
2412:M. latrubessei
2408:
2400:
2398:
2390:
2389:
2387:
2386:
2378:
2371:
2363:
2356:
2349:
2342:
2335:
2328:
2321:
2314:
2307:
2300:
2293:
2285:
2278:
2271:
2263:
2256:
2248:
2241:
2233:
2227:
2221:
2220:
2217:
2216:
2214:
2213:
2206:
2199:
2192:
2185:
2178:
2171:
2163:
2161:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2149:
2141:
2137:Procaimanoidea
2133:
2125:
2121:Hassiacosuchus
2117:
2110:
2102:
2094:
2087:
2078:
2072:
2063:
2062:
2054:
2050:Menatalligator
2046:
2038:
2029:
2027:
2022:
2019:
2018:
2015:
2014:
2012:
2011:
2008:Protoalligator
2004:
1997:
1990:
1983:
1976:
1969:
1966:Dongnanosuchus
1961:
1959:
1953:
1952:
1950:
1949:
1942:
1938:Procaimanoidea
1934:
1927:
1919:
1916:Hassiacosuchus
1912:
1905:
1897:
1890:
1883:
1876:
1873:Albertochampsa
1868:
1858:
1853:
1850:
1849:
1847:
1846:
1839:
1832:
1825:
1817:
1811:
1808:Alligatoroidea
1806:
1799:
1798:
1795:Alligatoroidea
1793:
1786:
1785:
1782:
1781:
1778:
1777:
1775:
1774:
1770:Planocraniidae
1766:
1759:
1755:Pristichampsus
1751:
1743:
1736:
1729:
1726:Charactosuchus
1722:
1715:
1707:
1700:
1692:
1684:
1682:
1678:
1677:
1675:
1674:
1667:
1660:
1657:Trilophosuchus
1653:
1645:
1638:
1631:
1624:
1617:
1613:Harpacochampsa
1609:
1602:
1598:Australosuchus
1593:
1591:
1581:
1580:
1574:
1567:
1566:
1563:
1562:
1559:
1558:
1555:
1554:
1551:
1550:
1548:
1547:
1546:
1545:
1539:
1537:
1531:
1530:
1528:
1527:
1526:
1525:
1516:
1510:
1504:
1503:
1501:
1500:
1499:
1498:
1489:
1483:
1473:
1472:
1468:
1467:
1458:
1449:
1443:
1437:
1428:
1421:
1420:
1414:
1412:
1411:
1404:
1397:
1389:
1383:
1382:
1365:
1364:
1310:
1268:
1214:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1202:, and one for
1153:
1150:
1146:
1145:
1142:
1141:
1137:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1128:
1127:
1124:
1123:
1119:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1110:
1109:
1106:
1105:
1101:
1100:
1097:
1096:
1092:
1091:
1088:
1087:
1083:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1074:
1073:
1070:
1069:
1065:
1064:
1061:
1060:
1056:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1041:
1038:
1037:
1034:
1033:
1021:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1007:
1006:
994:
991:
990:
987:
986:
976:
971:
969:
966:
965:
962:
961:
957:
956:
953:
952:
942:
939:
938:
935:
934:
924:
919:
917:
912:
910:
907:
906:
903:
902:
898:
897:
894:
893:
889:
888:
885:
884:
880:
879:
876:
875:
863:
860:
859:
856:
855:
843:
838:
836:
833:
832:
829:
828:
816:
811:
809:
806:
805:
802:
801:
789:
784:
782:
777:
775:
772:
771:
768:
767:
763:
762:
759:
758:
748:
745:
744:
741:
740:
730:
725:
723:
718:
716:
706:
705:
702:
701:
689:
684:
682:
679:
678:
675:
674:
662:
657:
655:
652:
651:
648:
647:
635:
630:
628:
620:
619:
616:
615:
608:
603:
601:
593:
592:
589:
588:
584:
583:
580:
579:
567:
564:
563:
560:
559:
547:
542:
540:
537:
536:
533:
532:
520:
515:
513:
508:
446:
443:
420:parietal bones
416:supraoccipital
414:. Much of the
387:
384:
297:
296:
293:
281:
280:
274:
273:
259:
255:
254:
249:
245:
244:
239:
235:
234:
229:
225:
224:
219:
212:
211:
206:
199:
198:
193:
189:
188:
183:
179:
178:
173:
169:
168:
163:
159:
158:
145:
144:
130:
129:
121:
120:
112:
107:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
56:
39:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3521:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3489:Alligatoridae
3487:
3486:
3484:
3467:
3462:
3458:
3454:
3449:
3445:
3441:
3436:
3432:
3428:
3423:
3419:
3415:
3410:
3406:
3401:
3395:
3391:
3390:
3388:
3386:
3382:
3378:
3373:
3361:
3360:Gryposuchinae
3358:
3356:
3352:
3351:
3348:
3339:
3334:
3307:
3306:
3302:
3299:
3298:
3294:
3291:
3290:
3286:
3283:
3282:
3278:
3275:
3274:
3270:
3267:
3266:
3262:
3259:
3258:
3254:
3252:
3251:
3247:
3246:
3244:
3242:
3241:
3236:
3230:
3229:
3225:
3223:
3222:
3218:
3216:
3215:
3211:
3208:
3207:
3203:
3201:
3200:
3196:
3194:
3193:
3192:Rhamphosuchus
3189:
3187:
3186:
3185:Piscogavialis
3182:
3180:
3179:
3175:
3172:
3171:
3170:Paratomistoma
3167:
3164:
3163:
3159:
3157:
3156:
3155:Ikanogavialis
3152:
3150:
3149:
3145:
3142:
3141:
3137:
3135:
3134:
3130:
3128:
3127:
3123:
3120:
3119:
3118:Gavialosuchus
3115:
3113:
3112:
3108:
3106:
3105:
3104:Aktiogavialis
3101:
3100:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3088:
3084:
3073:
3072:
3071:T. taiwanicum
3068:
3065:
3064:
3060:
3057:
3056:
3052:
3049:
3048:
3044:
3043:
3041:
3039:
3038:
3033:
3026:
3025:
3021:
3018:
3017:
3016:Paratomistoma
3013:
3011:
3010:
3006:
3003:
3002:
3001:Gavialosuchus
2998:
2995:
2994:
2993:Brasilosuchus
2990:
2989:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2980:sensu stricto
2977:
2973:
2967:
2966:
2962:
2961:
2958:
2955:
2952:
2947:
2941:
2940:
2936:
2934:
2933:
2929:
2926:
2925:
2921:
2919:
2918:
2914:
2912:
2911:
2910:Paratomistoma
2907:
2905:
2904:
2900:
2898:
2897:
2893:
2891:
2890:
2889:Maroccosuchus
2886:
2884:
2883:
2879:
2876:
2875:
2871:
2869:
2868:
2864:
2862:
2861:
2860:Gunggamarandu
2857:
2855:
2854:
2853:Gavialosuchus
2850:
2848:
2847:
2846:Ferganosuchus
2843:
2841:
2840:
2836:
2834:
2833:
2829:
2828:
2825:
2822:
2819:
2814:
2796:
2795:
2791:
2789:
2788:
2784:
2782:
2781:
2777:
2775:
2774:
2770:
2768:
2767:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2758:
2757:
2752:
2746:
2745:
2741:
2738:
2737:
2736:Tzaganosuchus
2733:
2730:
2729:
2725:
2722:
2721:
2717:
2714:
2713:
2709:
2708:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2696:
2689:
2688:
2684:
2682:
2681:
2677:
2675:
2674:
2670:
2668:
2667:
2663:
2661:
2660:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2651:
2650:Osteolaeminae
2647:
2640:
2639:
2638:Oxysdonsaurus
2635:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2625:
2624:
2620:
2619:
2616:
2613:
2610:
2605:
2598:
2597:
2593:
2590:
2589:
2588:Jiangxisuchus
2585:
2583:
2582:
2578:
2575:
2574:
2570:
2567:
2566:
2562:
2560:
2559:
2558:Astorgosuchus
2555:
2553:
2552:
2548:
2545:
2544:
2543:Albertosuchus
2540:
2539:
2536:
2533:
2530:
2529:Crocodyloidea
2525:
2521:
2517:
2512:
2508:
2499:
2494:
2464:
2463:
2459:
2457:
2456:
2452:
2450:
2449:
2448:C. gasparinae
2445:
2443:
2442:
2438:
2436:
2435:
2431:
2430:
2428:
2426:
2425:
2420:
2414:
2413:
2409:
2407:
2406:
2402:
2401:
2399:
2397:
2396:
2391:
2384:
2383:
2379:
2377:
2376:
2372:
2369:
2368:
2364:
2362:
2361:
2357:
2355:
2354:
2350:
2348:
2347:
2343:
2341:
2340:
2336:
2334:
2333:
2329:
2327:
2326:
2322:
2320:
2319:
2315:
2313:
2312:
2311:Kuttanacaiman
2308:
2306:
2305:
2301:
2299:
2298:
2294:
2291:
2290:
2286:
2284:
2283:
2282:Culebrasuchus
2279:
2277:
2276:
2272:
2269:
2268:
2264:
2262:
2261:
2257:
2254:
2253:
2252:Brachychampsa
2249:
2247:
2246:
2242:
2240:
2239:
2235:
2234:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2222:
2212:
2211:
2207:
2205:
2204:
2203:A. prenasalis
2200:
2198:
2197:
2193:
2191:
2190:
2186:
2184:
2183:
2179:
2177:
2176:
2172:
2170:
2169:
2165:
2164:
2162:
2160:
2159:
2154:
2147:
2146:
2142:
2139:
2138:
2134:
2131:
2130:
2126:
2123:
2122:
2118:
2116:
2115:
2114:Chrysochampsa
2111:
2108:
2107:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2095:
2093:
2092:
2088:
2085:
2084:
2083:Akanthosuchus
2080:
2079:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2070:Alligatorinae
2067:
2060:
2059:
2058:Sajkanosuchus
2055:
2052:
2051:
2047:
2044:
2043:
2042:Lianghusuchus
2039:
2036:
2035:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2024:Alligatoridae
2020:
2010:
2009:
2005:
2003:
2002:
1998:
1996:
1995:
1991:
1989:
1988:
1987:Jiangxisuchus
1984:
1982:
1981:
1977:
1975:
1974:
1970:
1968:
1967:
1963:
1962:
1960:
1958:
1954:
1948:
1947:
1943:
1940:
1939:
1935:
1933:
1932:
1928:
1925:
1924:
1920:
1918:
1917:
1913:
1911:
1910:
1906:
1903:
1902:
1898:
1896:
1895:
1891:
1889:
1888:
1887:Brachychampsa
1884:
1882:
1881:
1877:
1875:
1874:
1870:
1869:
1866:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1851:
1845:
1844:
1840:
1838:
1837:
1833:
1831:
1830:
1826:
1824:
1823:
1819:
1818:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1791:
1787:
1772:
1771:
1767:
1765:
1764:
1760:
1757:
1756:
1752:
1749:
1748:
1744:
1742:
1741:
1737:
1735:
1734:
1730:
1728:
1727:
1723:
1721:
1720:
1716:
1713:
1712:
1711:Borealosuchus
1708:
1706:
1705:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1693:
1691:
1690:
1689:Albertosuchus
1686:
1685:
1683:
1679:
1673:
1672:
1668:
1666:
1665:
1661:
1659:
1658:
1654:
1651:
1650:
1646:
1644:
1643:
1639:
1637:
1636:
1632:
1630:
1629:
1625:
1623:
1622:
1618:
1615:
1614:
1610:
1608:
1607:
1603:
1600:
1599:
1595:
1594:
1592:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1577:
1572:
1568:
1543:
1542:
1541:
1540:
1538:
1536:
1532:
1524:
1520:
1519:
1518:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1505:
1497:
1493:
1492:
1491:
1490:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1466:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1444:
1442:
1438:
1436:
1432:
1431:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1410:
1405:
1403:
1398:
1396:
1391:
1390:
1387:
1380:
1369:
1360:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1319:
1317:
1315:
1311:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1279:
1277:
1275:
1273:
1269:
1264:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1231:
1226:
1219:
1216:
1209:
1207:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1192:Culebrasuchus
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1158:
1151:
1144:
1143:
1135:
1134:
1126:
1125:
1117:
1116:
1108:
1107:
1099:
1098:
1090:
1089:
1081:
1080:
1072:
1071:
1063:
1062:
1054:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1046:
1040:
1039:
1036:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1030:
1020:
1019:
1013:
1012:
1009:
1008:
1005:
1004:
1003:
993:
992:
989:
988:
985:
984:
981:
975:
974:
968:
967:
964:
963:
955:
954:
951:
950:
949:Yacare caiman
947:
946:Caiman yacare
941:
940:
937:
936:
933:
932:
929:
923:
922:
916:
915:
909:
908:
905:
904:
896:
895:
887:
886:
878:
877:
874:
873:
872:
862:
861:
858:
857:
854:
853:
852:
842:
841:
835:
834:
831:
830:
827:
826:
825:
815:
814:
808:
807:
804:
803:
800:
799:
798:
788:
787:
781:
780:
774:
773:
770:
769:
761:
760:
757:
756:
753:
747:
746:
743:
742:
739:
738:
735:
729:
728:
722:
721:
715:
711:
708:
707:
704:
703:
700:
699:
698:
688:
687:
681:
680:
677:
676:
673:
672:
671:
661:
660:
654:
653:
650:
649:
646:
645:
644:
634:
633:
626:
622:
621:
618:
617:
614:
613:
612:Alligatorinae
607:
606:
599:
598:Alligatoridae
595:
594:
591:
590:
582:
581:
578:
577:
576:
566:
565:
562:
561:
558:
557:
556:
546:
545:
539:
538:
535:
534:
531:
530:
529:
519:
518:
512:
511:
507:
505:
501:
497:
496:
495:Culebrasuchus
491:
490:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
464:
459:
455:
451:
444:
442:
440:
436:
431:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
385:
383:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
364:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
340:stage of the
339:
335:
331:
327:
324:
320:
317:
313:
309:
305:
304:
291:
290:
282:
279:
275:
268:
267:
260:
257:
256:
253:
250:
247:
246:
243:
242:Alligatoridae
240:
237:
236:
233:
230:
227:
226:
223:
220:
217:
214:
213:
210:
207:
204:
201:
200:
197:
194:
191:
190:
187:
184:
181:
180:
177:
174:
171:
170:
167:
164:
161:
160:
155:
150:
146:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
122:
115:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
54:
51:56–47.8
47:
43:
37:
33:
30:
19:
3384:
3355:Brevirostres
3305:G. papuensis
3303:
3295:
3287:
3279:
3271:
3263:
3257:G. breviceps
3255:
3248:
3238:
3226:
3219:
3212:
3204:
3197:
3190:
3183:
3178:Penghusuchus
3176:
3168:
3160:
3153:
3146:
3138:
3131:
3124:
3116:
3111:Dadagavialis
3109:
3102:
3090:
3069:
3061:
3053:
3045:
3035:
3024:Thecachampsa
3022:
3014:
3009:Melitosaurus
3007:
2999:
2991:
2979:
2976:Tomistominae
2965:Sacacosuchus
2963:
2937:
2930:
2922:
2917:Thecachampsa
2915:
2908:
2901:
2894:
2887:
2880:
2872:
2865:
2858:
2851:
2844:
2837:
2830:
2792:
2785:
2778:
2773:C. checchiai
2771:
2764:
2754:
2742:
2734:
2726:
2718:
2710:
2699:Crocodylinae
2685:
2678:
2671:
2664:
2657:
2636:
2628:
2621:
2609:Crocodylidae
2596:Mekosuchinae
2594:
2586:
2579:
2571:
2563:
2556:
2549:
2541:
2516:Longirostres
2460:
2453:
2446:
2439:
2434:C. australis
2432:
2422:
2410:
2403:
2395:Melanosuchus
2393:
2380:
2374:
2373:
2365:
2358:
2351:
2346:Paranasuchus
2344:
2339:Paranacaiman
2337:
2330:
2323:
2316:
2309:
2302:
2295:
2287:
2280:
2273:
2267:Ceratosuchus
2265:
2258:
2250:
2243:
2236:
2208:
2201:
2194:
2187:
2180:
2173:
2168:A. hailensis
2166:
2156:
2143:
2135:
2129:Navajosuchus
2127:
2119:
2112:
2106:Ceratosuchus
2104:
2096:
2089:
2081:
2056:
2048:
2040:
2032:
2006:
1999:
1992:
1985:
1978:
1971:
1964:
1944:
1936:
1931:Navajosuchus
1929:
1923:Leidyosuchus
1921:
1914:
1907:
1899:
1894:Ceratosuchus
1892:
1885:
1878:
1871:
1841:
1836:Leidyosuchus
1834:
1829:Diplocynodon
1827:
1820:
1768:
1761:
1753:
1745:
1738:
1731:
1724:
1717:
1709:
1704:Asiatosuchus
1702:
1694:
1687:
1669:
1662:
1655:
1647:
1640:
1633:
1626:
1619:
1611:
1604:
1596:
1589:Mekosuchinae
1578:crocodilians
1496:Pseudosuchia
1481:Pseudosuchia
1460:
1456:Pseudosuchia
1451:
1417:crocodilians
1332:
1328:
1288:
1284:
1234:
1228:
1218:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1186:
1165:
1156:
1155:
1152:Biogeography
1048:Black caiman
1044:
1043:
1027:
1023:
1000:
996:
979:
978:
945:
944:
927:
926:
869:
865:
849:
845:
822:
818:
795:
791:
751:
750:
733:
732:
696:
695:
691:
668:
664:
641:
637:
610:
573:
569:
553:
549:
526:
522:
499:
493:
487:
476:sister taxon
471:
467:
461:
449:
448:
438:
432:
403:
395:
389:
367:
362:
361:
358:type species
311:
302:
301:
300:
294:Brochu, 2010
288:
287:
278:Type species
271:Brochu, 2010
265:
264:
215:
202:
133:
35:
29:
3281:G. leptodus
3133:Hanyusuchus
3126:Gryposuchus
3055:T. gaudense
2924:Tienosuchus
2903:Ocepesuchus
2867:Kentisuchus
2839:Dollosuchus
2818:Gavialoidea
2360:Purussaurus
2353:Protocaiman
2325:Necrosuchus
2318:Mourasuchus
2304:Gnatusuchus
2245:Bottosaurus
2210:A. thomsoni
2189:A. munensis
2182:A. mefferdi
2098:Arambourgia
2034:Balanerodus
1994:Krabisuchus
1973:Eoalligator
1901:Deinosuchus
1880:Arambourgia
1822:Deinosuchus
1696:Arenysuchus
1664:Ultrastenos
1621:Kalthifrons
1200:Paleosuchus
851:Mourasuchus
480:crown group
463:Paleosuchus
433:The dorsal
412:skull table
386:Description
326:crocodylian
312:tso’abichi’
248:Subfamily:
3483:Categories
3353:See also:
3091:sensu lato
3087:Gavialinae
2951:Gavialidae
2756:Crocodylus
2680:Rimasuchus
2673:Euthecodon
2659:Brochuchus
2405:M. fisheri
2238:Acresuchus
2225:Caimaninae
2175:A. mcgrewi
1855:Globidonta
1635:Mekosuchus
1544:see below↓
1535:Crocodilia
1447:Sauropsida
1335:(2): 239.
1237:: e12094.
1210:References
1206:caimans).
1198:, one for
1194:, one for
625:Caimaninae
458:Caimaninae
456:member of
435:osteoderms
424:nasal bone
376:Caimaninae
374:member of
346:Wasatchian
252:Caimaninae
232:Crocodilia
3385:Tsoabichi
3289:G. lewisi
3265:G. browni
3037:Tomistoma
2375:Tsoabichi
2196:A. olseni
2158:Alligator
1642:Paludirex
1523:Neosuchia
1508:Neosuchia
1433:Kingdom:
1305:129231903
1187:Tsoabichi
1166:Tsoabichi
1157:Tsoabichi
504:cladogram
500:Tsoabichi
472:Tsoabichi
450:Tsoabichi
445:Phylogeny
439:Tsoabichi
404:Tsoabichi
396:Tsoabichi
368:Tsoabichi
354:described
348:stage of
323:caimanine
303:Tsoabichi
266:Tsoabichi
172:Kingdom:
166:Eukaryota
36:Tsoabichi
3414:18773560
3400:Q7849815
3394:Wikidata
3240:Gavialis
2728:Quinkana
2289:Eocaiman
1909:Eocaiman
1649:Quinkana
1465:Eusuchia
1441:Chordata
1439:Phylum:
1435:Animalia
1415:Extinct
1359:83972694
1263:34567843
1196:Eocaiman
1179:Pliocene
489:Eocaiman
380:Cenozoic
338:Ypresian
308:Shoshone
238:Family:
196:Reptilia
186:Chordata
182:Phylum:
176:Animalia
162:Domain:
136:cast at
46:Ypresian
3453:6149901
3440:1478853
3427:8504680
2720:Kinyang
2687:Kinyang
1628:Kambara
1445:Class:
1337:Bibcode
1254:8428266
1204:derived
714:caimans
627:
600:
506:below:
468:et al.
334:Wyoming
316:extinct
258:Genus:
228:Order:
192:Class:
3466:214755
2424:Caiman
1681:Others
1357:
1303:
1261:
1251:
1170:Eocene
1164:, yet
712:
623:
596:
400:orbits
360:being
342:Eocene
306:(from
42:Eocene
3435:IRMNG
1671:Volia
1576:Basal
1461:Clade
1452:Clade
1355:S2CID
1301:S2CID
1230:PeerJ
454:basal
428:naris
372:basal
370:is a
319:genus
216:Clade
203:Clade
3422:GBIF
2744:Voay
1606:Baru
1521:see
1494:see
1259:PMID
492:and
59:PreꞒ
3409:EoL
1345:doi
1293:doi
1249:PMC
1239:doi
486:).
478:to
332:in
321:of
3485::
3463::
3450::
3437::
3424::
3411::
3396::
1463::
1454::
1353:.
1343:.
1333:33
1331:.
1327:.
1313:^
1299:.
1289:30
1287:.
1271:^
1257:.
1247:.
1233:.
1227:.
382:.
218::
205::
140:,
109:Pg
53:Ma
48:,
44::
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3004:?
2996:?
2927:?
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1601:?
1408:e
1401:t
1394:v
1361:.
1347::
1339::
1307:.
1295::
1265:.
1241::
1235:9
1025:†
998:†
867:†
847:†
820:†
793:†
693:†
666:†
639:†
571:†
551:†
524:†
344:(
310:"
285:†
262:†
114:N
104:K
99:J
94:T
89:P
84:C
79:D
74:S
69:O
64:Ꞓ
20:)
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