475:
463:
451:
382:
1926, and by 1933, a photo electric-controlled alarm device had been developed to check the operation of the unwatched electric light. A lightship staffed by remote control was equipped by the
Lighthouse Bureau in 1934. It included a light, fog signal, and radiobeacon, all controlled by radio signals. A battery-powered buoy which gradually replaced the older acetylene buoys, was introduced in 1935. Because of the technological improvements mentioned above, and in particular the radio beacon direction finder, the United States rose from sixth in shipping safety in 1920 to second in 1935, with only the
325:
50:
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of electric aids and some automation using electricity. Though the number of aids to navigation increased substantially during Putnam's reign from 11,713 to 24,000, mostly buoys and small lights, arguably two of his most significant achievements were the passage of the
Retirement Act for lighthouse personnel in 1918 and the introduction in 1921 of the radiobeacon as an aid to navigation. This new technology permitted a reduction of over 800 employees during Putnam's 25 years as head of the bureau.
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152:
315:
1104:
390:
remote sections of the country provided a reliable power source for operating aids to navigation. By the 1920s and 1930s, the majority of light stations had electric service, reducing the number of staff necessary to operate the station. As ancillary buildings at many stations, especially shore stations, were rendered useless, the makeup of the light station began to change.
796:
662:
38:
443:
flew the United States
Lighthouse Service flag, a triangular flag with a red border featuring a blue lighthouse on a white background. Any Lighthouse Service ship upon which the Superintendent of Lighthouses was embarked also flew the Superintendent of Lighthouses flag, a rectangular flag with a blue
381:
The first automatic radiobeacon in the United States began service in 1928. Radiobeacons are still in use today, although most have recently been decommissioned as improved electronic navigational aids have become available. An automatic time clock for operating electric range lights came into use in
340:
and the period following, several technological advances contributed to the automation of lighthouses, rendering human occupancy unnecessary. A device for automatically replacing burned-out electric lamps in lighthouses was developed and placed in several light stations in 1916. A bell alarm warning
305:
selected George R. Putnam to head the new bureau and he gained the title "Commissioner of
Lighthouses." For 25 years, Putnam headed the bureau and during his administration, navigational aids saw a substantial increase. New technology was incorporated into the bureau's work, particularly in the area
295:
The Board had hired a number of civilians and many of these experienced people took over the roles that the military officers had been playing. Though initially called inspectors, the civilian heads of the districts changed their titles to superintendent. Also at this time, the placement of aids to
389:
Improvements in the road and highway systems provided better and more rapid means of transportation during the 1920s and 1930s. As a result of the improved roadways, the Bureau was able to better maintain aids to navigation, benefiting the service economically. The extension of electric lines into
666:
296:
navigation along rivers had become the responsibility of the
Lighthouse Service, and many of these aids were tended on a part-time basis by local citizens called lamp lighters and lamp attendants.
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1239:
341:
keepers of fluctuations in the burning efficiency of oil-vapor lamps was developed in 1917. In the same year, the first experimental radiobeacon was installed in a lighthouse. The only
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rescued the survivors but was sunk as well shortly thereafter. Nobody was hurt in the action because the German commander allowed the
Americans to evacuate the ship before firing.
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1930:
1320:
618:
462:
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1376:
1285:
2033:
2028:
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1987:
1614:
1459:
1270:
1222:
288:
In 1910, 11,713 aids to navigation of all types were around the country. Congress abolished the U.S. Light-House Board and created the Bureau of
Lighthouses under the
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1325:
1265:
1081:
280:
became first U.S. vessel to have radio communication. In 1910, the Bureau of
Lighthouses was created and operated as the United States Lighthouse Service (USLHS).
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1202:
1197:
1158:
1139:
1124:
1797:
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1212:
2018:
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1341:
1315:
1275:
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1741:
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1186:
213:
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In 1935, Putnam was followed in the
Commissioner's position by a career Lighthouse Service employee, H. D. King, a former district superintendent.
1992:
1852:
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116:
1217:
346:
1882:
1857:
1439:
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United States Coast Guard
Historian's Office: Flags, Logos, Pennants, Seals & Streamers Of the Coast Guard & Its Predecessor Services
1977:
1842:
1817:
1412:
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613:
289:
143:
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1872:
1464:
1244:
1074:
1689:
804:
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1134:
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1181:
1171:
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996:
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1961:
1907:
1827:
1802:
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1310:
1300:
1207:
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1897:
1837:
1822:
1812:
1777:
1619:
1951:
1946:
1892:
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1757:
1454:
1305:
1227:
1067:
299:
237:
184:
79:
707:
671:
324:
1867:
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1129:
418:
356:
936:
1887:
1807:
1422:
217:
176:
49:
814:
1862:
272:. In 1898, all coastal lighthouses were extinguished, for the first time in U.S. history, as a precaution during the
37:
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1579:
1449:
1444:
1090:
397:
188:
103:
1589:
1554:
273:
1997:
1659:
1604:
1290:
1176:
677:
409:
172:
1674:
1634:
1433:
878:
Great Lakes Lighthouses, American and Canadian: A Comprehensive Directory/Guide to Great Lakes Lighthouses
233:
1664:
1639:
1564:
1043:
221:
1599:
694:
1594:
1427:
1569:
1234:
400:, which has since taken over the maintenance and operation of all U.S. lighthouses and lightships.
277:
1982:
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1644:
1559:
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1371:
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241:
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In 1789, the United States Lighthouse Establishment (USLHE) was created and operated under the
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oil. In 1884, uniforms came into use by all members of the Lighthouse Board. In 1886, the
1048:
967:
156:
367:
363:
151:
17:
2012:
1684:
180:
232:. In 1841 the Fresnel lens was first used in the United States and installed on the
1917:
1710:
1629:
302:
257:
229:
216:. All U.S. lighthouse ownership was transferred to the government which became the
1039:
715:
681:
1654:
1609:
1515:
976:
436:
383:
342:
337:
269:
196:
637:
155:
U.S. Light House Service Stop Watch (ca. 1931) – specially manufactured by the
1749:
1649:
1624:
1541:
1469:
944:
740:
192:
1510:
1059:
763:
415:
253:
249:
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1694:
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became the primary fuel for lighthouses, replacing various fuels such as
245:
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became the first caisson lighthouse built in the United States. In 1877,
224:
was the first lighthouse built by the USLHE. In 1822, French physicist,
408:
On March 15, 1942 the U.S. Lighthouse Service/U.S. Coast Guard tender
1494:
871:
Lighthouses & Keepers: U. S. Lighthouse Service and Its Legacy
323:
313:
150:
968:"U. S. Coast Guard Aids to Navigation: A Historical Bibliography"
444:
border featuring the same blue lighthouse on a white background.
1011:
The Lighthouse Service, Its History, Activities and Organization
261:
1714:
1063:
789:
183:
from the time of its creation in 1910 as the successor of the
962:, (Washington, DC: U. S. Government Printing Office, 1945).
191:. It was responsible for the upkeep and maintenance of all
849:
The Northern Lights: Lighthouses of the Upper Great Lakes.
983:. Clarke Historical Library, Central Michigan University.
979:
Beacons Shining in the Night: The Lighthouses of Michigan
129:
George R. Putnam (1910–1935), Commissioner of Lighthouses
989:
Michigan Lighthouses: An Aerial Photographic Perspective
939:
Seeing the Light: Lighthouses on the western Great Lakes
1055:
United States Lighthouses - National Historic Landmarks
880:, (Gwinn, Michigan: Avery Color Studios, Inc., 1998)
741:"Important Dates in United States Lighthouse History"
1931:
List of lighthouses in the United States territories
895:, (Berrien Center, Michigan: Penrod/Hiawatha, 1998)
619:
United States Coast Guard History and Heritage Sites
456:
Pennant of a United States Lighthouse Service vessel
1970:
1939:
1916:
1748:
1503:
1385:
1334:
1253:
1157:
1117:
778:
New York: Frederick A. Stokes Company, pp. 183-186.
490:Rank insignia of officers were as follows in 1918:
139:
122:
112:
96:
88:
72:
64:
59:
1988:List of lighthouses in the United States by height
735:
733:
991:, (East Lansing, Michigan: John L. Wagner, 1998)
917:(Petoskey, Michigan: Friede Publications, 1999).
1460:United States Coast Guard Ceremonial Honor Guard
970:. United States Coast Guard Historian's Office.
953:Lighthouses and Lightships of the United States
656:
654:
652:
650:
648:
646:
351:on August 6, 1918. After the sinking of the SS
54:Pennant of the United States Lighthouse Service
873:(Annapolis: U. S. Naval Institute Press, 1997)
1726:
1140:Master Chief Petty Officer of the Coast Guard
1075:
851:Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1995.
27:Former agency of the United States government
8:
915:Traveler’s Guide to 116 Michigan Lighthouses
511:and the two inner ones one-quarter inch wide
396:On 1 July 1939, the Service merged with the
345:of the service sunk by enemy action was the
42:Seal of the United States Lighthouse Service
30:
2039:1939 disestablishments in the United States
2044:Government agencies disestablished in 1939
1733:
1719:
1711:
1082:
1068:
1060:
1020:Hardback (Erin: Boston Mills Press, 2006)
847:Hyde, Charles K., and Ann and John Mahan.
48:
833:Learn how and when to remove this message
697:. Wikimapia.org. Retrieved on 2013-08-02.
480:Flag of the Superintendent of Lighthouses
2034:1910 establishments in the United States
2029:History of the United States Coast Guard
492:
2049:Government agencies established in 1910
1993:List of lightships of the United States
955:, (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1933).
695:Wreck of Diamond Shoal Lightship No. 71
630:
526:and the inner one one-quarter inch wide
468:Flag of the Commissioner of Lighthouses
446:
187:until 1939 when it was merged into the
117:Federal government of the United States
1040:Lighthouses: An Administrative History
1013:(Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1926)
673:Lighthouses: An Administrative History
29:
7:
1978:Confederate States Lighthouse Bureau
1018:Great Lakes Lighthouses Encyclopedia
1016:Wright, Larry and Wright, Patricia,
776:Army and Navy Uniforms and Insignia.
614:Confederate States Lighthouse Bureau
1465:United States Coast Guard Pipe Band
589:Second Assistant Engineer of Tender
1926:List of lighthouses in Puerto Rico
1521:West Indies anti-piracy operations
1135:Vice Commandant of the Coast Guard
1108:Category:United States Coast Guard
572:First Assistant Engineer of Tender
25:
1485:United States Coast Guard Cutters
2019:Lighthouses in the United States
1962:United States Lighthouse Society
1957:United States Lighthouse Service
1742:Lighthouses in the United States
1301:Maritime Law Enforcement Academy
1148:
1103:
1102:
794:
665: This article incorporates
660:
524:the two outer ones one-half inch
509:the two outer ones one-half inch
473:
461:
449:
386:holding a better safety record.
268:was the first lighthouse to use
165:United States Lighthouse Service
36:
31:United States Lighthouse Service
1240:Research and Development Center
1952:United States Lighthouse Board
1947:American Lighthouse Foundation
1700:Operation Enduring Freedom HOA
1455:United States Coast Guard Band
1306:Joint Maritime Training Center
1125:Secretary of Homeland Security
319:Diamond Shoal Lightship No. 71
185:United States Lighthouse Board
80:United States Lighthouse Board
1:
1130:Commandant of the Coast Guard
817:and help improve the section.
431:All of the Lighthouse Service
1423:Steamboat Inspection Service
218:general lighthouse authority
177:general lighthouse authority
159:Watch Company for USLHS use.
1475:Coast Guard service numbers
1316:Chaplain of the Coast Guard
958:United States Coast Guard,
913:Penrose, Laurie and Bill, A
638:Lighthouse timeline history
539:one-quarter of an inch wide
2065:
1635:2nd Battle of the Atlantic
1615:1st Battle of the Atlantic
1585:Overland Relief Expedition
1575:Battle of Galveston Harbor
708:"Daily Chronology: August"
240:was created. In 1871, the
214:Department of the Treasury
1580:Battle of Portland Harbor
1146:
1097:
1091:United States Coast Guard
601:
398:United States Coast Guard
189:United States Coast Guard
104:United States Coast Guard
47:
35:
2024:Lighthouse organizations
1660:Coast Guard Squadron One
1526:Capture of the schooner
1296:Training Center Yorktown
1291:Training Center Petaluma
1286:Training Center Cape May
1049:US Lighthouse Chronology
745:www.lighthousedigest.com
678:United States Government
570:Second Officer of Tender
173:United States Government
171:, was the agency of the
1620:Great Mississippi Flood
1480:Coast Guardsman's Creed
893:Lighthouses of Michigan
774:Williams, Dion (1918).
587:Third Officer of Tender
555:First Officer of Tender
414:was sunk by the German
18:U.S. Lighthouse Service
1675:Action of 1 March 1968
1504:Battles and operations
1413:Revenue Cutter Service
1386:History and traditions
1335:Uniforms and equipment
1254:Personnel and training
667:public domain material
640:. Retrieved 2013-05-04
357:German submarine
333:
321:
290:Department of Commerce
199:in the United States.
160:
144:Department of Commerce
132:H. D. King (1935–1939)
1665:Operation Market Time
1565:Battle of Fort Sumter
1555:Mexican–American War
1245:Coast Guard Auxiliary
1182:Investigative Service
1044:National Park Service
584:one-quarter inch wide
567:one-quarter inch wide
552:one-quarter inch wide
327:
317:
222:Cape Henry Lighthouse
169:Bureau of Lighthouses
154:
1798:Illinois and Indiana
1595:Battle of Manila Bay
1590:Spanish–American War
1428:Bureau of Navigation
1372:Ship decommissioning
1311:Aviation Association
1051:from terrypepper.com
274:Spanish–American War
220:(GLA). In 1792, the
167:, also known as the
1570:Battle of Pig Point
1408:Life-Saving Service
1326:Three-star admirals
1281:Coast Guard Academy
1235:National Ice Center
951:Putnam, George R.,
594:Assistant Engineer
278:Lightship Nantucket
234:Navesink Lighthouse
32:
1983:Lighthouse Library
1670:Operation Sealords
1645:Operation Overlord
1600:Battle of Cárdenas
1560:American Civil War
1550:Great Lakes Patrol
1418:Lighthouse Service
1367:Ship commissioning
1321:Four-star admirals
960:Aids to Navigation
557:Engineer of Tender
499:Lighthouse Tenders
441:lighthouse tenders
334:
322:
242:Duxbury Pier Light
161:
97:Superseding agency
2006:
2005:
1708:
1707:
1490:Coast Guard Bears
1228:Shipbuilding Yard
987:Wagner, John L.,
901:978-0-942618-78-5
876:Oleszewski, Wes,
843:
842:
835:
605:
604:
266:Statue of Liberty
149:
148:
123:Agency executives
16:(Redirected from
2056:
1735:
1728:
1721:
1712:
1680:Persian Gulf War
1403:Coast Guard City
1152:
1151:
1106:
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1084:
1077:
1070:
1061:
984:
975:Wagner, John L.
971:
966:Price, Scott T.
948:
943:. Archived from
838:
831:
827:
824:
818:
813:Please read the
809:may need cleanup
798:
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790:
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772:
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714:. Archived from
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680:. Archived from
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635:
542:Master of Tender
493:
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238:Lighthouse Board
226:Augustin Fresnel
73:Preceding agency
52:
40:
33:
21:
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2009:
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2007:
2002:
1966:
1935:
1912:
1744:
1739:
1709:
1704:
1690:Afghanistan War
1499:
1398:Coast Guard Act
1381:
1362:List of cutters
1330:
1249:
1196:
1153:
1149:
1144:
1113:
1093:
1088:
1036:
1031:
1009:Weiss, George,
974:
965:
935:Pepper, Terry.
934:
869:Noble, Dennis,
839:
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805:Further reading
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786:Further reading
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276:. In 1904, the
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60:Agency overview
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1434:Semper Paratus
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1271:Enlisted ranks
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1189:
1187:Legal Division
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1034:External links
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1007:
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947:on 2008-01-30.
932:
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891:Penrod, John,
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718:on 19 May 2008
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529:Chief Engineer
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368:North Carolina
364:Diamond Shoals
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236:. In 1852 the
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857:0-8143-2554-8
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823:February 2012
816:
815:editing guide
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1878:Rhode Island
1873:Pennsylvania
1630:World War II
1542:
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1417:
1218:Air Stations
1177:Intelligence
1159:Organization
1101:
1017:
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978:
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945:the original
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748:. Retrieved
744:
720:. Retrieved
716:the original
712:www.uscg.mil
711:
702:
690:
682:the original
672:
633:
537:Four stripes
507:Four stripes
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430:
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404:World War II
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303:William Taft
298:
294:
287:
258:rapeseed oil
230:Fresnel lens
211:
197:lightvessels
168:
164:
162:
113:Jurisdiction
1998:Texas Tower
1833:Mississippi
1773:Connecticut
1655:Vietnam War
1610:World War I
1516:War of 1812
592:Second Mate
565:Two stripes
502:Lightships
384:Netherlands
343:lightvessel
338:World War I
310:World War I
270:electricity
193:lighthouses
2013:Categories
1903:Washington
1848:New Jersey
1768:California
1650:Korean War
1625:Rum Patrol
1605:Ice Patrol
1470:Fleet Week
1118:Leadership
807:" section
750:2020-06-16
722:12 January
625:References
582:One stripe
575:First Mate
437:lightships
330:GREENBRIER
1908:Wisconsin
1828:Minnesota
1803:Louisiana
1511:Quasi-War
1377:Equipment
1261:Personnel
1203:Districts
1042:from the
577:Engineer
416:submarine
377:1919–1939
300:President
284:1910–1917
254:Colza oil
250:sperm oil
208:1789–1910
89:Dissolved
1898:Virginia
1853:New York
1838:Nebraska
1823:Michigan
1813:Maryland
1778:Delaware
1695:Iraq War
1545:Incident
1537:Incident
1342:Uniforms
1213:Stations
1167:Missions
608:See also
246:kerosene
179:for the
175:and the
1971:Related
1893:Vermont
1788:Georgia
1783:Florida
1758:Alabama
1543:Amistad
1393:History
1357:Cutters
1276:Ratings
1208:Sectors
1172:Reserve
599:Source:
560:Master
514:Captain
355:by the
336:During
332:in 1938
203:History
1868:Oregon
1793:Hawaii
1763:Alaska
1750:States
1535:Ingham
1445:Ensign
1352:Badges
1347:Awards
1192:Police
1024:
1002:
995:
928:
921:
906:
899:
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862:
855:
803:This "
411:Acacia
328:USLHS
260:, and
157:Gallet
65:Formed
1888:Texas
1808:Maine
1528:Bravo
1495:SPARS
1198:Areas
669:from
433:'
427:Flags
420:U-161
371:LV-71
362:near
359:U-104
353:Merak
348:LV-71
1863:Ohio
1440:Flag
1022:ISBN
1000:ISBN
993:ISBN
926:ISBN
919:ISBN
904:ISBN
897:ISBN
882:ISBN
860:ISBN
853:ISBN
724:2022
439:and
262:lard
195:and
163:The
92:1939
68:1910
2015::
743:.
732:^
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645:^
545:-
532:-
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20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
