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1315:
348:("decoration") following it. Although each named piece has its characteristic rhythmic pattern, the melodies differ, so each piece is generally known by the muqam and the piece: for example, "the Rak nuskha" or "the Segah jula". There are about 20 to 30 pieces of songs and musics, which might take approximately 2 hours to finish performing. It will take about 24 hours to perform all pieces of 12 muqams.
384:
2315:
744:
484:, the state commissioned musicians Wan Tongshu and Turdi Akhun to record the Muqams on tape, so that it could not be lost. They published their first album in 1960. From 2004 to 2008, over 7,000 performers have collaborated in a Chinese state project to proliferate seminars, research projects and recordings of the Muqam.
335:
Each of the 12 muqams consists of a main section that begins with a long free rhythm introduction, followed by pieces with characteristic rhythmic patterns that gradually increase in speed. Each muqam consists of three parts, including naghma, dastan and mashrap. These pieces are arranged in the same
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476:(1526–1560) is credited with collecting and thereby preserving the Twelve Muqam, while reshaping its style to draw more from the indigenous traditions of the
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1880:
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After the main section, there are two other sections, originally associated with other musical traditions, but included in muqams by performers such as
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among others in the 1950s and edited into a more systematic system. Although the folk performers probably improvised their songs as in
Turkish
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Some
Chinese scholars believe that the Uyghur Muqam can be traced back to the "Great Western Region Melody" (Chinese:
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region's 12 muqams, which are now a large canon of music and songs recorded from the traditional performers
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section consists of more lively dance songs that were originally connected with the performances of
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performances, the present institutional canon is performed as fixed compositions by ensembles.
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sequence in each muqam, although not all muqams have the same pieces. These parts are known as
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670:. Vol. 1: L'art de fabriquer une musique chinoise. Nanterre: Société d'ethnologie.
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designated The Uyghur Muqam of
Xinjiang as part of the Intangible Heritage of Humanity.
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The Making of a
Musical Canon in Chinese Central Asia: The Uyghur Twelve Muqam
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modal system that has led to many musical genres among peoples of
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367:. Each dastan song is followed by an instrumental märghul. The
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and therefore included in the present 12 muqam tradition. The
522:"Archive of Turkish Oral Narrative •• Türk Öykürleri Sandığı"
338:
teze, nuskha, small seliqe, jula, senem, large seliqe, peshru
2352:
Masterpieces of the Oral and
Intangible Heritage of Humanity
417:. It is however more likely that it was influenced by the
363:
narratives found widely in
Central and South Asia and the
649:
Intimate
Heritage: Creating Uyghur Muqam Song in Xinjiang
610:. Government of Kashgar Prefecture. 2005. Archived from
480:
mountains and purging it of the Perso-Arabic. After the
449:. The most fully developed at this point is the Western
344:. Some have an associated instrumental piece known as a
359:
section includes songs from several of the romantic
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883:UNESCO Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity
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30:For other similarly named melody types, see
2257:East Turkistan National Awakening Movement
1881:Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps
1347:
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1325:
874:
860:
852:
725:
711:
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86:and set of melodic formulas used to guide
550:"The Mother of Uygur Music: Twelve Muqam"
1460:Protectorate General to Pacify the West
513:
27:Melody type from Central Asian culture
1412:Chief Official of the Western Regions
7:
2314:
1499:Turkic settlement of the Tarim Basin
1407:Protectorate of the Western Regions
699:by Rachel Harris and Yasin Mukhpul.
375:by dervish musicians of Turkistan.
2252:East Turkistan Government in Exile
2060:2014 China–Vietnam border shootout
25:
2313:
2302:
2301:
1759:Xinjiang Agricultural University
1313:
742:
579:"Musical Treasure of the Uygurs"
2085:Persecution of Uyghurs in China
585:from the original on 2016-03-03
528:from the original on 2016-10-19
2005:September 2009 Xinjiang unrest
1629:Second East Turkestan Republic
1583:Revolt of the Altishahr Khojas
401:
396:
70:
61:
1:
1897:Apak Khoja and Xiang Fei Tomb
1624:First East Turkestan Republic
1551:Dzungar conquest of Altishahr
2050:2013 Tiananmen Square attack
2035:Tianjin Airlines Flight 7554
1593:Holy War of the Seven Khojas
556:. 2008-12-22. Archived from
482:Chinese Communist Revolution
2357:Maqam-based music tradition
2075:Assassination of Juma Tayir
1764:Xinjiang Medical University
960:Bumba-meu-boi from Maranhão
900:Albanian folk iso-polyphony
581:. China Daily. 2002-12-24.
2373:
2279:China–Kyrgyzstan relations
2274:China–Kazakhstan relations
1641:People's Republic of China
666:Trebinjac, Sabine (2000).
299:مۇشاۋىرەك مۇقامى, Мушаврәк
36:
29:
2297:
2080:Xinjiang internment camps
1363:
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604:"12 Muqams and Amannisha"
503:Persian traditional music
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185:پەنجىگاھ مۇقامى, Пәнҗигаһ
184:
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166:چاھارگاھ مۇقامى, Чаһаргаһ
165:
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133:
127:
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78:used in the music of the
53:
2284:China–Pakistan relations
2065:April 2014 Ürümqi attack
2045:June 2013 Shanshan riots
1975:1997 Ürümqi bus bombings
1736:Lanzhou–Xinjiang railway
1055:Georgian vocal polyphony
379:History and preservation
128:چەببىيات مۇقامى, Чәббият
102:The twelve muqams are:
37:Not to be confused with
2040:April 2013 Bachu unrest
1860:Chinese Islamic cuisine
628:Harris, Rachel (2008).
405:) developed during the
2289:China–Turkey relations
2070:May 2014 Ürümqi attack
2000:July 2009 Ürümqi riots
1605:Reconquest of Xinjiang
1465:Four Garrisons of Anxi
692:Listen to Uyghur Muqam
668:Le pouvoir en chantant
651:. Berlin: Lit Verlag.
647:Light, Nathan (2008).
632:. Ashgate Publishing.
392:
2269:World Uyghur Congress
2262:Independence movement
2232:Migration to Xinjiang
2025:Pishan hostage crisis
1275:The Song of the Sibyl
409:(206 BCE–220 CE) and
386:
2020:2011 Kashgar attacks
1965:1992 Ürümqi bombings
1917:Grand Bazaar, Ürümqi
1696:Gurbantünggüt Desert
1472:Beiting Protectorate
925:Ashiqs of Azerbaijan
387:Museum for Muqam in
54:ئۇيغۇر مۇقامى, Муқам
2206:Ghulam Osman Yaghma
2055:2014 Kunming attack
2030:2012 Yecheng attack
1990:2008 Kashgar attack
1890:Visitor attractions
1754:Xinjiang University
1716:Karakoram Mountains
1588:Afaqi Khoja revolts
1494:Kara-Khanid Khanate
697:Music of the Uyghur
242:ئوشاق مۇقامى, Ушшақ
204:ئۆزھال مۇقامى, Өжал
147:سىگاھ مۇقامى, Сегаһ
1985:2008 Uyghur unrest
1980:2007 Xinjiang raid
1955:1989 Ürümqi unrest
1802:Tocharian clothing
393:
318:ئىراق مۇقامى, Ирақ
261:بايات مۇقامى, Баят
223:ئەجەم مۇقامى, Әҗәм
2329:
2328:
2242:Chinese Turkestan
2015:2011 Hotan attack
2010:2010 Aksu bombing
1995:Shaoguan incident
1947:Xinjiang conflict
1902:Flaming Mountains
1792:Meshrep gathering
1711:Turpan Depression
1706:Taklamakan Desert
1690:Southern Xinjiang
1646:PRC incorporation
1612:Republic of China
1556:Dzungar–Qing Wars
1419:Kingdom of Khotan
1322:
1321:
970:Dainichido Bugaku
849:
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280:ناۋا مۇقامى, Нава
16:(Redirected from
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2317:
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1726:Kunlun Mountains
1561:Dzungar genocide
1521:Chagatai Khanate
1484:Uyghur Khaganate
1424:Sixteen Kingdoms
1349:
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1250:Slovácko Verbuňk
1120:Khorasan Bakhshi
985:Cante Alentejano
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1970:Ghulja incident
1941:
1885:
1876:Cotton industry
1864:
1806:
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1731:Pamir Mountains
1721:Altai Mountains
1652:
1546:Dzungar Khanate
1541:Yarkent Khanate
1373:
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1318:
1309:
1185:Ojkanje singing
1085:Jongmyo Jereyak
1005:Cremona violins
990:Cantonese opera
965:Byzantine music
930:Azerbaijani tar
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622:Further reading
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109:راك مۇقامى, Рак
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1255:Song of Sana'a
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1205:Qudud Halabiya
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1050:Garifuna music
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995:Cantu a tenore
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955:Bistritsa Babi
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799:Shout-and-fall
796:
794:Melodic motion
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686:External links
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614:on 2011-07-21.
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470:Amannissa Khan
468:The concubine
399:; pinyin:
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2342:Modes (music)
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2227:Uyghur people
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2222:
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2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2191:Salih Hudayar
2189:
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2174:
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2169:
2167:
2164:
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2161:Rebiya Kadeer
2159:
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2139:
2137:
2136:Sabit Damolla
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895:Aka polyphony
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677:9782901161370
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658:9783825811204
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639:9780754663829
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560:on 2013-01-16
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415:Central China
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98:Twelve muqams
97:
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88:improvisation
85:
82:, that is, a
81:
77:
73:
67:
59:
51:
47:
40:
33:
19:
2347:Uyghur music
2318:
2306:
2211:Rahile Dawut
2196:Sattar Sawut
2141:Sheng Shicai
2126:Yang Zengxin
2121:Zuo Zongtang
1927:Karakul Lake
1907:Jiaohe ruins
1796:
1573:Qing dynasty
1516:Yuan dynasty
1455:Tang dynasty
1305:Xoan singing
1295:Wayang kulit
1245:Silbo Gomero
1164:
1060:Gong culture
915:Arabic maqam
815:
779:Double tonic
734:Melody types
667:
648:
629:
612:the original
607:
598:
587:. Retrieved
573:
562:. Retrieved
558:the original
554:Tianshan Net
530:. Retrieved
516:
486:
467:
427:North Africa
419:Arabic maqam
400:
394:
368:
356:
350:
345:
341:
337:
334:
328:
310:Mùxiàwúláikè
309:
290:
271:
252:
233:
214:
195:
176:
157:
138:
119:
101:
84:musical mode
69:
45:
43:
18:Uyghur muqam
2186:Ilham Tohti
2176:Wang Lequan
1932:Kizil Caves
1686:Tarim Basin
1526:Moghulistan
1506:Qara Khitai
1402:Han dynasty
1300:Xi'an guyue
1290:Vedic chant
1155:Morin khuur
1115:Koodiyattam
1090:Iraqi Maqam
804:Tune-family
774:Modal frame
455:Turdi Akhun
402:Xīyù yīnyuè
365:Middle East
353:Turdi Akhun
296:Mushawrek (
163:Chahargah (
125:Chebbiyat (
92:composition
76:melody type
2336:Categories
2131:Jin Shuren
1937:Niya ruins
1855:Tunurkawab
1387:Tocharians
1265:Sutartinės
1260:Sosso Bala
1240:Shashmaqam
1235:Seto Leelo
1125:Kumi odori
935:Baul music
841:Shashmaqam
589:2012-10-14
564:2012-10-14
532:2016-10-21
509:References
459:Omar Akhun
433:, such as
391:, Xinjiang
182:Penjigah (
2237:Altishahr
2166:Nur Bekri
2151:Wang Zhen
2116:Yaqub Beg
1746:Education
1680:Dzungaria
1671:Tian Shan
1658:Geography
1578:Qing rule
1285:Vallenato
1140:Long song
1100:Kgal Laox
487:In 2005,
478:Tian Shan
215:Wūzīhālēi
139:Qiěbǐyǎtè
74:) is the
2308:Category
2101:Amursana
1912:Gaochang
1845:Pamirdin
1531:Kara Del
1434:Göktürks
1429:Gaochang
1356:Xinjiang
1220:Rebetiko
1175:Nhã nhạc
980:Candombe
950:Biyelgee
905:Angklung
583:Archived
526:Archived
497:See also
431:Xinjiang
2320:Commons
2220:Related
2106:Mingrui
1869:Economy
1840:Youtazi
1820:Dapanji
1812:Cuisine
1774:Culture
1446:Eastern
1442:Western
1397:Xiongnu
1379:History
1370:capital
1270:Táncház
1200:Quan họ
1195:Pirekua
1190:Pansori
1150:Meshrep
1105:Khuumii
945:Bigwala
940:Bećarac
920:Arirang
885:: Music
754:Dastgah
472:of the
423:Eurasia
369:Meshrep
346:merghul
258:Bayat (
253:Wūxiàkè
239:Oshaq (
201:Özhal (
196:Pāněrgǎ
177:Qiàěrgǎ
144:Sëgah (
80:Uyghurs
58:Chinese
2171:Li Zhi
2094:People
1830:Sangza
1666:Cities
1450:Second
1392:Yuezhi
1366:Ürümqi
1358:topics
1215:Reggae
1180:Nongak
1170:Nanyin
1160:Mugham
1145:Maloya
1075:Hua'er
1040:Gagaku
1035:Fujara
1020:Eshuva
1000:Ca trù
821:Pathet
811:Mugham
674:
655:
636:
489:UNESCO
463:taksim
447:Turpan
361:dastan
357:Dastan
329:Yīlākè
315:Iraq (
277:Nawa (
272:Bāyǎtí
220:Ejem (
71:Mùkǎmǔ
68::
66:pinyin
60::
50:Uyghur
39:Mugham
1850:Xurpa
1835:Samsa
1797:Muqam
1787:Music
1489:Qocho
1438:First
1210:Radif
1165:Muqam
1135:Lhamo
1130:Kunqu
1110:Klapa
1070:Gwoka
1065:Guqin
1045:Gagok
1030:Frevo
1015:Duduk
1010:Doina
831:Radif
826:Qupai
816:Muqam
789:Level
769:Maqam
764:Makam
759:Echos
451:Tarim
443:Kumul
435:Dolan
342:tekit
305:木夏吾莱克
234:Àiqiě
106:Rak (
46:Muqam
32:Maqam
1448:and
1225:Sama
1025:Fado
910:Aqyn
836:Raga
672:ISBN
653:ISBN
634:ISBN
457:and
445:and
425:and
411:Tang
397:西域音乐
389:Hami
373:sama
340:and
291:Nàwǎ
210:乌孜哈勒
158:Sīgǎ
134:且比亚特
120:Lākè
90:and
1825:Nan
439:Ili
407:Han
324:依拉克
267:巴雅提
264:;
248:乌夏克
191:潘尔尕
172:恰尔尕
62:木卡姆
2338::
1444:,
1440:,
1436::
606:.
552:.
541:^
524:.
441:,
437:,
327:,
321:;
308:,
302:;
289:,
286:纳瓦
283:;
270:,
251:,
245:;
232:,
229:艾且
226:;
213:,
207:;
194:,
188:;
175:,
169:;
156:,
153:斯尕
150:;
137:,
131:;
118:,
115:拉克
112:;
94:.
64:;
56:;
52::
44:A
1692:)
1688:(
1682:)
1678:(
1372:)
1368:(
1348:e
1341:t
1334:v
875:e
868:t
861:v
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712:v
680:.
661:.
642:.
592:.
567:.
535:.
331:)
312:)
293:)
274:)
255:)
236:)
217:)
198:)
179:)
160:)
141:)
122:)
48:(
41:.
34:.
20:)
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