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Green Party (UK)

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1371:(which encompasses around 124 520 words). At the same time, according to Wall, "the Post-1968 generation" began to join the party, advocating non-violent direct action as an important element of the Ecology Party vision outside of electoral politics. This manifested itself in an apparent "decentralist faction" who gained ground within the party, leading to the Party Conference stripping the Executive of powers and rejecting the election of a single leader. The new generation was in evidence in the first 'Summer Green Gathering' in July 1980, the action of the Ecology Party CND (later Green CND), and the 1271:, where PEOPLE's average vote fell to just 0.7% much of the difference was made by Liberal candidates entering the fray. After much internal debate the party's 1975 Conference adopted a proposal to change its name to 'The Ecology Party' in order to gain more recognition as the party of environmental concern. This was supported by the Executive, who had found media recognition hard to achieve under the original name. 'Green' was not an appropriate name at that time and 'ecology' had become more publicly recognised as a concept in the party's three years of campaigning. 1421: 275: 435: 3622: 1361:, entitling them to radio and television election broadcasts. Though many considered this a gamble, the plan, encouraged by Porritt, worked, as the party received 39,918 votes (an average of 1.5%) and membership jumped tenfold from around 500 to 5,000 or more. This, Derek Wall notes, meant that the Ecology Party "became the fourth party in UK politics, ahead of the National Front and Socialist Unity". 145: 43: 1591:
conference, it attracted criticism for advocating policies aiming to reduce the total population, proposals which were subsequently rejected. Further controversies included Derek Wall's rejection of possible alliances to establish PR. Icke too attracted criticism soon after writing his second book in 1989, an outline of his views on the environment.
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Party co-founder Tony Whittaker noted in an interview with Derek Wall '… voters did not connect PEOPLE with ecology. What I wanted was something that the media could look up in their files so that, when they wanted a spokesman of the issue of ecology, they could find the Ecology Party and pick up the
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rose to prominence in the UK media, soon becoming two of the four Principal Speakers, a position created in lieu of a leader. Parkin especially was in demand as a Green spokesperson. However, the new media attention was not always handled well by the party as a whole. In the run up to the 1989 party
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whose private comments, upon becoming public knowledge, suggested to many that they wished to take control of the party. Tyler and Ekins resigned and left the party but Derek Wall describes how the "wounds" left by the 'Maingreen Affair' lingered on in the heated internal debates of the late 1980s.
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Derek Wall, in his history of the Green Party, contends that the new political movement focused initially on the theme of survival, which shaped the "bleak evolution" of the nascent ecological party during the 1970s. Furthermore, the effect of the "revolution of values" during the 1960s would come
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became a prominent member. At the 1977 Party Conference in Birmingham, the party's first constitution was ratified and Jonathon Porritt was elected to the Ecology Party National Executive Committee (NEC). Porritt would become the party's most significant public figure, working, with
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With "Steady State" economics featured in the party's philosophical basis, the all-UK party became a persistent and growing presence in general elections and European elections, often fielding enough candidates to qualify for television and radio election broadcasts.
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campaigns and a well-prepared Green Party campaign. That environmental issues were very prominent in UK politics at the time should also be added to this list. At no time before or since have Green issues been so high on the minds of UK voters as a voting issue.
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saw the 133 Greens standing for office take 89,753 votes (1.3% on average), an improvement on 1983. The next two years would see growing membership and increasing media attention. This coincided with greater concern over the environment following the
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Despite the UK Green Party no longer existing as a unified entity, "Green Party" (singular) is still used colloquially to refer collectively to the three separate parties; for example, in the reporting of opinion polls and election results.
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in 1981, and the inability of the Party to absorb the rapid increase in membership, the early-1980s were extremely tough for the Ecology Party. Nonetheless, the Party prepared for the 1983 general election, inspired by the success of
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Mainstream political parties were, however, alarmed by the Greens' electoral performance and adopted some 'Green policies' in an attempt to counter the threat. In this period, the Green Party had representation in the
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Following this electoral success, the party introduced Annual Spring Conferences to accompany Autumn Conferences, and a process of building up a large compendium of policies began, culminated in today's
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later. In Wall's eyes, the party suffered from a lack of media attention and "opposition from many environmentalists", which contrasted the experience of other emerging Green parties, such as Germany's
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by failing to win 12.5% of the votes cast, namely a total of £900 (equivalent to £11,800 in 2023). Lesley Whittaker and Edward Goldsmith were two of the six who stood in the election.
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magazine. 'A Manifesto for a Sustainable Society' was an expanded statement of policies published in 1975 published under the newly changed name of the Ecology Party. The editor of
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magazine inspired a small group of professional and business people to form the 'Thirteen Club', so named because it first met on 13 September 1972 at the Napton Bridge pub in
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with a green circle, designed by Steve O’Brien, as its logo. The first public meeting, chaired by David Fitzpatrick (then an Ecology Party speaker), was 13 June 1985 in
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In 1990, the Scottish and Northern Ireland wings of the Green Party in the United Kingdom decided to separate amicably from the party in England and Wales, to form the
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as a whole, the party published the 'Manifesto for Survival' in June 1974, between the two general elections of that year. The manifesto was inspired by
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Weaving a Bower Against Endless Night: An Illustrated History of the UK Green Party (published March 1994 to mark the 21st anniversary of the Party)
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designed to create a streamlined, two-tier structure to govern the internal workings of the party. Decentralists voted these proposals down.
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According to Derek Wall, the party would have gained 12 seats if they had been running in other European countries who employed
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The party enjoyed further success. Its Campaign for Real Democracy' launched by the party allowed it to play a part in the Anti-
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which cost the party £750. This affected preparations for that election, when PEOPLE's average vote fell to just 0.7%.
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perspective. "Zero growth" (or "steady state") economics were a strong feature in the party's philosophical basis.
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Winning at least 12.5% of votes was required between 1918 and 1985 to obtain a refund of a candidate's deposit.
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phone. It was as brutal and basic as that. PEOPLE didn't communicate what we had hoped it would communicate'.
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that year to change to the Green Party, which was supported by the majority of attendees, including
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After much debate, the party's 1975 conference adopted a proposal to change its name to the
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The next year, an internal dispute arose within the party. A faction calling itself the
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Weaving a Bower Against Endless Night: an illustrated history of the UK Green Party
1554:. Wall explains this "breakthrough" as a combination of the declining popularity of 3519: 3424: 3299: 3294: 3165: 3106: 3082: 3050: 3045: 2909: 2815: 2236: 1740: 1718: 1669: 1655: 1465: 1405: 967: 952: 897: 766: 540: 1305: 1164:"PEOPLE" redirects here. For the magazine occasionally stylised in all caps, see 3205: 3189: 3037: 2942: 2506:
Weaving a Bower Against Endless Night: An Illustrated History of the Green Party
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November 1972 (as PEOPLE); 1975 (as Ecology Party; June 1985 (as Green Party)
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With Porritt gaining increasing prominence and an election manifesto called
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Membership rose and the party contested both 1974 general elections. In the
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1985 was a time of political change in the UK. After the formation of the
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to the name to fall in line with other environmental parties in Europe.
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Youth section of the Green Party of England and Wales: Policy Website
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For the currently active political party in England and Wales, see
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basis, whilst the three seats in Northern Ireland were elected by
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Due to the recession causing the marginalisation of Green issues,
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became an autonomous regional party and remained within the new
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First British 'Green Party' public meeting, Hackney 13 June 1985
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to gain more recognition as the party of environmental concern.
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activists were about to launch a UK 'Green Party', HELP (the
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Membership rose and the party stood five candidates in the
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Encyclopedia of Ecology and Environmental Management
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Meanwhile, the party gained ground electorally. The
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Defunct green political party in the United Kingdom
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This included surveyors and property agents 3660:Green political parties in the United Kingdom 2831: 1078: 8: 3685:1990 disestablishments in the United Kingdom 2500: 2498: 1844:Hung parliament (Lab. minority government) 71:Learn how and when to remove these messages 3559: 3407: 3396: 3351: 3269: 3260: 3249: 3071: 3027: 2869: 2856: 2838: 2824: 2816: 1822: 1547:, and the party failed to gain any seats. 1416:Name change and internal strife, 1985–1986 1313:The party won its first representation in 1085: 1071: 413: 260: 3655:1973 establishments in the United Kingdom 1440:Local Ecology Party) registered the name 1375:camp. The party also became increasingly 247:Learn how and when to remove this message 229:Learn how and when to remove this message 127:Learn how and when to remove this message 3680:Political parties disestablished in 1990 2771: 2769: 2108: 1957: 1749: 1681: 1601:George MacLeod, Baron MacLeod of Fuinary 2277: 2249: 1483:Party Organisation Working Group (POWG) 425: 1947:The party stood six candidates in the 1468:, formerly an actor in the BBC series 3675:Political parties established in 1973 3515:Liberal Democrat-Green Party alliance 2516: 2514: 1171:The Green Party's origins go back to 664:Federation of Green Parties of Africa 104:Reads like an editorial in The Times. 7: 2469: 2467: 2465: 2463: 2461: 2459: 2457: 2455: 2352: 2350: 2348: 2346: 2344: 2316: 2314: 2283: 2281: 167:adding citations to reliable sources 2321:Haute, Emilie van (28 April 2016). 674:Federation of Young European Greens 3539:Policies for a Sustainable Society 2387:"The Green Party: a short history" 2358:"The Green Party: a short history" 1709:Principal Speakers introduced 1987 1368:Policies for a Sustainable Society 1201:, and husband-and-wife solicitors 25: 2920:Deputy Leader / Co-Deputy Leaders 2551:ECOLOGY - The New Political Force 2398:from the original on 24 May 2022. 52:This article has multiple issues. 3621: 3620: 2848:Green Party of England and Wales 2795:Green Party of England and Wales 1625:Green Party of England and Wales 1317:, when John Luck took a seat on 1133:Green Party of England and Wales 1119:Prior to 1985 it was called the 984:List of environmental incidents 433: 340:Green Party of England and Wales 273: 143: 82: 41: 32:Green Party of England and Wales 3665:Defunct green political parties 2805:Green Party in Northern Ireland 154:needs additional citations for 60:or discuss these issues on the 2583:. Young Greens. Archived from 2526:exacteditions.theecologist.org 1949:February 1974 General Election 1607:The breakup of the party, 1990 1265:February 1974 general election 654:Asia Pacific Greens Federation 394:Politics of the United Kingdom 1: 3483:Co-operation with Plaid Cymru 3455:Greens–European Free Alliance 2528:. p. 311. Archived from 1582:As a result of this success, 1269:October 1974 general election 531:Bright green environmentalism 3595:Green Party Northern Ireland 1928: 1925: 1922: 1917: 1905: 1902: 1899: 1894: 1882: 1879: 1876: 1871: 1859: 1856: 1853: 1848: 1836: 1833: 1830: 1825: 1751:3 Principal Speakers in 1987 1617:Green Party Northern Ireland 1301:The Ecology Party, 1975–1985 1145:Green Party Northern Ireland 747:Corporate political activism 344:Green Party Northern Ireland 2293:christiansinpolitics.org.uk 1552:Proportional Representation 536:Criticisms of globalisation 102:. The specific problem is: 3701: 3563:International affiliations 2812:- Daily Telegraph obituary 2747:Wall, Derek (March 1994). 2700:"MORI Polling Trends data" 2327:. Routledge. p. 246. 1935: 1912: 1889: 1866: 1843: 1163: 475:Politics of climate change 29: 3618: 3406: 3395: 3259: 3248: 2868: 2855: 2421:British Newspaper Archive 2409:British Newspaper Archive 1773: 1768: 1739: 1730: 1722: 1698: 1690: 1687: 1519:in 1986 and concern over 1487:constitutional amendments 722:Climate change mitigation 450:Climate change litigation 389: 272: 3254:Political representation 2104:October General Election 1545:single transferable vote 1254:Edward 'Teddy' Goldsmith 1239:A Blueprint for Survival 859:Environmental skepticism 762:Ecological modernisation 689:World Ecological Parties 3606:Isle of Man Green Party 2948:Amelia Womack (2016–22) 2423:(subscription required) 2411:(subscription required) 2324:Green Parties in Europe 1537:1989 European elections 1430:Social Democratic Party 1397:Social Democratic Party 1319:Rother District Council 707:Carbon fee and dividend 2566:, November 1976, p.311 1635:Of the Ecology party: 1558:, the reaction to the 1527:Campaign success, 1989 1425: 1310: 797:effects of agriculture 2172:Benjamin Percy-Davies 2134:Elizabeth A Davenport 2130:Birmingham Northfield 2042:Benjamin Percy-Davies 1936:Conservative victory 1913:Conservative victory 1890:Conservative victory 1814:Electoral performance 1512:1987 general election 1506:1987 general election 1474:who supported adding 1423: 1410:1983 general election 1383:1983 general election 1359:1979 general election 1308: 878:Fossil fuel phase-out 742:Conservation movement 178:"Green Party" UK 3575:European Green Party 2962:Leadership elections 2800:Scottish Green Party 2736:. 25 September 1989. 2721:. 18 September 1989. 2394:. 23 November 2014. 2078:Liverpool West Derby 1679:Of the Green Party: 1354:The Real Alternative 1101:, also known as the 757:Ecological economics 659:European Green Party 621:Green libertarianism 503:Grassroots democracy 163:improve this article 109:improve this article 98:to meet Knowledge's 3023:(abolished in 2008) 2898:Jonathan Bartley / 2873:Leader / Co-Leaders 2706:on 5 February 2007. 2149:Coventry North West 1998:Coventry North West 1979:Coventry North East 1691:Principal Speakers 1651:1980: Gundula Dorey 1541:first-past-the-post 1213:councillor for the 958:transport hierarchy 802:effects of aviation 684:Global Young Greens 561:Ecoauthoritarianism 526:Alter-globalisation 3490:London Green Party 3019:Principal Speakers 2556:2011-08-15 at the 2366:. 23 November 2014 2299:on 2 February 2017 1658:, Alec Ponton and 1566:opposition to the 1517:Chernobyl disaster 1426: 1311: 1309:Ecology Party logo 1215:Conservative Party 1187:Napton-on-the-Hill 1123:, and before that 980:Low-carbon economy 606:Green conservatism 455:Fossil fuels lobby 3642: 3641: 3638: 3637: 3634: 3633: 3614: 3613: 3591:Irish Green Party 3478:Wales Green Party 3391: 3390: 3387: 3386: 3383: 3382: 3347:Devolved chambers 3341: 3340: 3244: 3243: 3240: 3239: 3236: 3235: 3232: 3231: 2891:Caroline Lucas / 2678:"BBC Politics 97" 2639:www.parliament.uk 2587:on 10 August 2006 2532:on 15 August 2011 2445:978-1-4443-1324-6 2223: 2222: 2095: 2094: 1940: 1939: 1819:General elections 1811: 1810: 1782:Frank Williamson 1621:Wales Green Party 1599:in the person of 1556:Margaret Thatcher 1446:Hackney Town Hall 1166:People (magazine) 1160:PEOPLE, 1972–1975 1095: 1094: 1000:Political ecology 918:industrial policy 493:Ecological wisdom 412: 411: 399:Political parties 335:Succeeded by 329:The Ecology Party 257: 256: 249: 239: 238: 231: 213: 137: 136: 129: 100:quality standards 91:This article may 75: 16:(Redirected from 3692: 3624: 3623: 3560: 3445:Election results 3408: 3397: 3370:Caroline Russell 3352: 3274:House of Commons 3270: 3261: 3250: 3225: 3217: 3209: 3201: 3193: 3185: 3177: 3169: 3161: 3142: 3134: 3126: 3118: 3110: 3102: 3094: 3086: 3072: 3028: 3024: 2893:Jonathan Bartley 2870: 2857: 2849: 2840: 2833: 2826: 2817: 2783: 2773: 2764: 2762: 2744: 2738: 2737: 2729: 2723: 2722: 2714: 2708: 2707: 2702:. 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Archived from 2285: 2266: 2263: 2257: 2254: 2153:Lesley Whittaker 2109: 2057:Leeds North East 2022:Edward Goldsmith 2002:Lesley Whittaker 1958: 1932: 1909: 1886: 1863: 1840: 1823: 1702:Heather Swailes 1682: 1674:Jonathon Porritt 1660:Jonathon Porritt 1647:Jonathon Porritt 1576:Liberal Democrat 1442:The Green Party, 1341:Jonathon Porritt 1199:Michael Benfield 1087: 1080: 1073: 1010:Renewable energy 849:Environmentalism 717:Circular economy 616:Green liberalism 596:Environmentalism 437: 414: 382: 350: 325:Preceded by 312: 310: 277: 261: 252: 245: 234: 227: 223: 220: 214: 212: 171: 147: 139: 132: 125: 121: 118: 112: 86: 85: 78: 67: 45: 44: 37: 21: 3700: 3699: 3695: 3694: 3693: 3691: 3690: 3689: 3645: 3644: 3643: 3630: 3610: 3601:Scottish Greens 3579: 3551: 3524: 3510:LGBTIQA+ Greens 3505:Greens Organise 3464: 3460:Unite to Remain 3402: 3379: 3356:London Assembly 3337: 3333:Natalie Bennett 3309: 3255: 3228: 3220: 3212: 3204: 3196: 3188: 3180: 3172: 3164: 3156: 3145: 3137: 3129: 3121: 3115:Margaret Wright 3113: 3105: 3097: 3089: 3081: 3063: 3022: 3021: 3013: 2957: 2915: 2886:Natalie Bennett 2864: 2851: 2847: 2844: 2810:Teddy Goldsmith 2791: 2786: 2774: 2767: 2759: 2751:. Green Party. 2746: 2745: 2741: 2734:The Independent 2731: 2730: 2726: 2716: 2715: 2711: 2698: 2697: 2693: 2683: 2681: 2676: 2675: 2671: 2664:www.youtube.com 2658: 2657: 2653: 2643: 2641: 2634: 2630: 2629: 2625: 2615: 2613: 2605: 2604: 2600: 2590: 2588: 2575: 2574: 2570: 2558:Wayback Machine 2549: 2545: 2535: 2533: 2520: 2519: 2512: 2503: 2496: 2489: 2481:. Green Party. 2473: 2472: 2453: 2446: 2432: 2431: 2427: 2419: 2415: 2407: 2403: 2392:The Independent 2384: 2383: 2379: 2369: 2367: 2363:The Independent 2356: 2355: 2342: 2335: 2320: 2319: 2312: 2302: 2300: 2287: 2286: 2279: 2275: 2270: 2269: 2264: 2260: 2255: 2251: 2246: 2228: 2100: 1945: 1933: 1930: 1910: 1907: 1887: 1884: 1867:Labour victory 1864: 1861: 1841: 1838: 1821: 1816: 1705:Lindy Williams 1633: 1613:Scottish Greens 1609: 1529: 1508: 1418: 1385: 1373:Greenham Common 1303: 1277: 1275:1975 conference 1177:Paul R. Ehrlich 1169: 1162: 1157: 1139:Scottish Greens 1110:political party 1091: 1062: 1061: 732:Climate justice 727:Climate finance 702: 694: 693: 649: 641: 640: 601:Green anarchism 586:Eco-nationalism 521: 513: 512: 488: 480: 479: 445: 408: 380: 348:Scottish Greens 346: 342: 338: 308: 306: 268: 267: 253: 242: 241: 240: 235: 224: 218: 215: 172: 170: 160: 148: 133: 122: 116: 113: 106: 87: 83: 46: 42: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 3698: 3696: 3688: 3687: 3682: 3677: 3672: 3667: 3662: 3657: 3647: 3646: 3640: 3639: 3636: 3635: 3632: 3631: 3619: 3616: 3615: 3612: 3611: 3609: 3608: 3603: 3598: 3587: 3585: 3584:Sister parties 3581: 3580: 3578: 3577: 3572: 3566: 3564: 3557: 3553: 3552: 3550: 3549: 3542: 3534: 3532: 3530:Party platform 3526: 3525: 3523: 3522: 3517: 3512: 3507: 3502: 3497: 3492: 3487: 3486: 3485: 3474: 3472: 3466: 3465: 3463: 3462: 3457: 3452: 3447: 3442: 3441: 3440: 3434: 3428: 3416: 3414: 3404: 3403: 3400: 3393: 3392: 3389: 3388: 3385: 3384: 3381: 3380: 3378: 3377: 3372: 3367: 3361: 3359: 3349: 3343: 3342: 3339: 3338: 3336: 3335: 3330: 3324: 3322: 3315:House of Lords 3311: 3310: 3308: 3307: 3302: 3297: 3292: 3286: 3284: 3267: 3257: 3256: 3253: 3246: 3245: 3242: 3241: 3238: 3237: 3234: 3233: 3230: 3229: 3227: 3226: 3218: 3210: 3202: 3198:Darren Johnson 3194: 3186: 3178: 3170: 3162: 3160:(Feb–Sep 1992) 3158:Richard Lawson 3153: 3151: 3147: 3146: 3144: 3143: 3139:Caroline Lucas 3135: 3127: 3123:Caroline Lucas 3119: 3111: 3103: 3095: 3087: 3078: 3076: 3069: 3065: 3064: 3062: 3061: 3056: 3053: 3048: 3043: 3040: 3034: 3032: 3025: 3015: 3014: 3012: 3011: 3006: 3001: 2996: 2991: 2986: 2981: 2976: 2971: 2965: 2963: 2959: 2958: 2956: 2955: 2954:(2022–present) 2949: 2946: 2936: 2933:Will Duckworth 2930: 2923: 2921: 2917: 2916: 2914: 2913: 2912:(2021–present) 2903: 2896: 2889: 2883: 2880:Caroline Lucas 2876: 2874: 2866: 2865: 2860: 2853: 2852: 2845: 2843: 2842: 2835: 2828: 2820: 2814: 2813: 2807: 2802: 2797: 2790: 2789:External links 2787: 2785: 2784: 2776:F. 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3295:Carla Denyer 3214:Keith Taylor 3182:David Taylor 3166:Mallen Baker 3107:Jean Lambert 3083:Jean Lambert 3055:David Spaven 3051:Jean Lambert 3046:Andrew Simms 2910:Carla Denyer 2779: 2748: 2742: 2733: 2727: 2719:The Guardian 2718: 2712: 2704:the original 2694: 2682:. 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Wood 282:Chairperson 266:Green Party 111:if you can. 3649:Categories 3500:Green Left 3450:Green 2000 3290:Siân Berry 3222:Derek Wall 3131:Siân Berry 3059:Derek Wall 2900:Siân Berry 2862:Leadership 2536:23 January 2370:22 January 2303:22 January 2273:References 2187:Leeds East 2168:Hornchurch 2121:Percentage 2082:D B Pascoe 2062:Clive Lord 2038:Hornchurch 1970:Percentage 1770:David Icke 1699:Jo Robins 1666:Paul Ekins 1631:Leadership 1588:David Icke 1499:Maingreen, 1491:Paul Ekins 1458:inner city 1450:Paul Ekins 1402:Die Grünen 1294:Die Grünen 1223:ecological 1211:Kenilworth 1209:(a former 854:opposition 842:technology 772:Eco-tariff 712:Carbon tax 611:Green left 576:Ecofascism 296:Paul Ekins 189:newspapers 57:improve it 3439:(1985–90) 3433:(1975–85) 3427:(1972–75) 3224:(2006–08) 3216:(2004–06) 3208:(2003–04) 3200:(2001–03) 3184:(1994–97) 3176:(1993–94) 3168:(1992–93) 3141:(2007–08) 3133:(2006–07) 3125:(2003–06) 3109:(1998–99) 3101:(1995–97) 3093:(1993–95) 3091:Jan Clark 3085:(1992–93) 3068:1992–2008 2945:(2014–16) 2935:(2012–14) 2929:(2008–12) 2895:(2016–18) 2888:(2012–16) 2882:(2008–12) 2616:28 August 2124:Position 2115:Candidate 1973:Position 1964:Candidate 1485:proposed 1471:Survivors 1408:. At the 1045:transport 988:conflicts 404:Elections 317:Dissolved 309:June 1985 305:June 1985 63:talk page 3627:Category 2577:"Policy" 2554:Archived 2477:(1994). 2396:Archived 2226:See also 1953:deposits 1615:and the 1560:Poll Tax 1533:Poll Tax 1456:and the 1377:feminist 1329:seat in 1219:Coventry 1191:Daventry 1105:, was a 993:killings 975:Localism 943:retrofit 938:recovery 933:New Deal 908:greening 903:grabbing 871:in music 827:planning 822:movement 792:conflict 546:Degrowth 419:a series 417:Part of 366:Ideology 93:require 3420:History 3412:History 3031:1991–92 2644:2 March 2206:Romford 1931:0 / 650 1923:89,753 1908:0 / 650 1900:54,299 1885:0 / 635 1877:39,918 1862:0 / 635 1857:0.007% 1839:0 / 635 1834:0.015% 1688:Chairs 1438:Hackney 1406:Germany 1331:Kempsey 1182:Playboy 1155:History 1112:in the 968:washing 963:vehicle 893:economy 817:justice 807:finance 377:Colours 307: ( 302:Founded 203:scholar 95:cleanup 3075:Female 2782:, p.77 2755:  2508:, 1994 2485:  2442:  2331:  1854:1,996 1831:4,576 1664:1983: 1654:1982: 1645:1979: 1639:1976: 1619:. The 1234:Europe 1203:Lesley 1173:PEOPLE 1125:PEOPLE 1030:energy 1020:design 953:theory 898:growth 837:racism 812:issues 777:Ecotax 381:  359:London 205:  198:  191:  184:  176:  3358:(AMs) 3319:peers 3278:Green 2680:. 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