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operations, data products and services, data management and archiving, and advanced cyber-infrastructure. Services were provided for GNSS/GPS data, Imaging data, Strain and
Seismic data, and Meteorological data. GNSS/GPS data enable millimeter-scale surface motions at discrete points. Data from geodetic imaging instruments can be used to map topography and delineate deformation with high spatial resolution. INSAR and Terrestrial LIDAR imaging data services are provided. Strain and seismic data from borehole strain meters, seismometers, thermometers, pore pressure transducers, tilt meters, and rock samples from drilling, as well as surface-based tilt meters and laser strain meters were available. In addition, temperature, relative humidity, and atmospheric pressure data are available from surface measurements of atmospheric conditions from stations. Tropospheric parameters are generated during daily GNSS/GPS post-processing managed by UNAVCO and were accessed through data access services. The program was optimized to enable access to high-precision geodetic data. The UNAVCO Data Archive included more than 2,300 continuous GNSS/GPS stations.
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by the
National Science Foundation (NSF) and ExxonMobil. It was a multi-year geoscience research internship as well as a community support and professional development program designed to increase the diversity of students entering the geosciences. Upper-division undergraduate students from underrepresented groups spent 11 weeks in Boulder, Colorado during the summer, conducting an independent geoscience-focused research project. RESESS was a summer internship program dedicated to increasing the diversity of students entering the geosciences. Interns worked under the guidance of a research mentor and were mentored and supported throughout the academic year by RESESS program staff from UNAVCO. The alumni of RESESS are 55% Latino/Hispanic, 27% African American/Black, 11% Native American, and 7% Asian American. Of the 30 interns who went on to earn a bachelor's degree, 13 were enrolled in a master's degree program and 8 were enrolled in a doctoral program. Nine RESESS alumni were in private industry, five of which were working in geosciences.
596:, which consisted of 50 planned continuously operating GPS/weather stations integrated with 65 existing GPS stations operated by partner organizations, 15 of which will be upgraded with new equipment. COCONet provides free, high-quality, open-format GPS and meteorological data for these stations via the internet for use by scientists, government agencies, educators, students, and the private sector. These data are used by local and foreign researchers to study solid earth processes such as tectonic plate motions, tectonic plate boundary interaction and deformation, including earthquake cycle processes and risks. They also serve atmospheric scientists and weather forecasting groups by providing more precise estimates of tropospheric water vapor and enabling better forecasting of the dynamics of airborne moisture associated with the yearly Caribbean hurricane cycle.
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developing educational materials, and facilitating technical short courses to scientists studying geodesy. The program also supported formal education (K-12) and informal public outreach through workshops, educational materials for secondary students and undergraduate level courses, museum displays, and social media interactions. UNAVCO provided an annual series of short courses and workshops aimed at current researchers who wanted to update their skills or branch into new areas of geodetic research. UNAVCO Short
Courses were offered to increase the capacity of the scientific community to process, analyze, and interpret various types of geodetic data. Educational Workshops promoted a broader understanding of Earth science for college and secondary education faculty.
464:(Light Detection And Ranging) and is sometimes referred to as ground-based lidar or tripod lidar. It is an active imaging system whereby laser pulses are emitted by the scanner and the time and intensity of the returning pulses, reflected by the surface or object being scanned, are recorded. The round-trip time for pulses enables the taking of millions/billions of points, from which a 3D "point cloud" is generated to accurately map the scanned surface/object.
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investigator needs for infrastructure support, to develop proposals to appropriate sponsors to maintain that infrastructure capability, and to ensure that UNAVCO and its activities provide high quality, cost-effective, and responsive support. Advisory committees for each of the three programs guided the focus of the programs and helped shape their initiatives.
549:. Survey-grade GPS receivers, Terrestrial Laser Scanners, and supporting power and communications systems for continuous data collection and campaign surveying could be provided. Operation and maintenance services were also provided for long term data collection, with on-line data distribution from the UNAVCO community archive.
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UNAVCO Members were educational or non-profit institutions chartered in the United States (US) or its
Territories with a commitment to scholarly research involving the application of high precision geodesy to Earth science or related fields. Members must also be willing to make a clear and continuing
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program, funded by the
National Science Foundation. The PBO consisted of several major observatory components: a network of 1100+ permanent, continuously operating Global Positioning System (GPS) stations many of which provided data at high-rate and in real-time, 78 borehole seismometers, 74 borehole
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The primary capability of TLS is the generation of high-resolution 3D maps and images of surfaces and objects over scales of meters to kilometers with centimeter to sub-centimeter precision. Repeat TLS measurements allow the imaging and measurement of changes through time and in unprecedented detail,
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receiver systems used for a range of applications. These systems – which include: receivers, antennas, mounts, power and optionally, communications – can be deployed for days in shorter jobs or for many months in long-term investigations. Systems are also available for precision mapping applications.
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High-resolution images and 3D/4D topography maps facilitate field-based tests of a new generation of quantitative models of mass transport mechanisms. Open access to data, tools and facilities for processing, analysis, and visualization, and new algorithms and workflows are changing the landscape of
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For more than two decades, space-based geodetic observations have enabled measurement of the motions of the Earth's surface and crust at many different scales, with unprecedented spatial and temporal detail and increased precision, leading to fundamental discoveries in continental deformation, plate
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A board of directors was charged with UNAVCO oversight and governance and was elected by designated representatives of UNAVCO member institutions. The Board worked with the science community to create a broad interdisciplinary research agenda based on applications of geodetic technology, to identify
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UNAVCO supported geo-workforce development through undergraduate internship programs, graduate student mentoring, and online resources. The premier internship program for upper division undergraduate students was
Research Experience in the Solid Earth Science for Students (RESESS). RESESS is funded
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The UNAVCO GAGE Facility's
Education and Community Engagement (ECE) program offered short courses and workshops. They focused on professional development, research, and education, strategic support for scientific investigators in developing broader impacts, in-residence programs for geodesy science
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in operating a collection of high capability, globally distributed, permanent GNSS/GPS stations called the NASA Global GNSS Network (GGN). Data from these stations are used to produce highly accurate products for GNSS/GPS Earth science research, multidisciplinary applications, and education. UNAVCO
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The UNAVCO GAGE Facility provided engineering expertise and equipment resources to investigators in support of their geophysical research projects. This included proposal planning, project logistics, project support letters, field engineering support, modern GNSS equipment loans, permanent GNSS/GPS
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borehole instruments is used to measure deformation on or near to the surface of the Earth as well as to measure the physical properties of rock within the vicinity of the installations. At many of the geodetic measurement sites, meteorological data are also collected to aid with processing of the
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Through its sensitivity to mass redistribution and accurate distance measurements, geodesy is uniquely posed to answer fundamental questions about issues relating to water and the environment. Geodetic observations are enabling researchers, for the first time, to follow the motion of water within
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operation, and maintenance of permanent geodetic instrument networks around the globe, and engineering services tailored to PI project requirements. Major projects supported by the GI program included the 1,112 station Plate
Boundary Observatory (PBO), Polar networks in Greenland and Antarctica (
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The
Geodetic Infrastructure (GI) program integrated all geodetic infrastructure and data acquisition capabilities for continuously operating observational networks and shorter-term deployments. Supported activities included development and testing, advanced systems engineering, the construction,
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have improved the ability to measure tectonic plate motion by several orders of magnitude in spatial and temporal resolution as well as accuracy, and to establish stable terrestrial and celestial reference frames required to achieve these improvements. The research with these systems has led to
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Seventy-five percent of Earth's crust is unobservable using solely electromagnetic energy-based geodetic techniques. Seafloor geodesy can now expand geodetic positioning to off-shore environments. Researchers can see the effects of changes in Earth's crust far beyond what we can measure with
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The
Education and Community Engagement program provided services to communicate the scientific results of the geodetic community, foster education across a broad range of learners, and grow workforce development and international partnerships. Particular focus was given to providing training,
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Geodetic Data Services (GDS) program provided services for the long-term stewardship of unique data sets. These services organized, managed, and archived data, and developed tools for data access and interpretation. GDS provided a comprehensive suite of services including sensor network data
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Space geodesy utilizes electromagnetic signals propagating through the atmosphere of Earth, providing information on tropospheric temperature and water vapor and on ionospheric electron density. Thus, in the early twenty-first century, the goal of geodesy has evolved to include study of the
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A. Newman, S. Stiros, L. Feng, P. Psimoulis, F. Moschas, V. Saltogianni, Y. Jiang, C. Papazachos, D. Panagiotopoulos, E. Karagianni, and D. Vamvakaris. Recent geodetic unrest at Santorini Caldera, Greece. J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth, Vol. 39, Art. No. L06309, published 30 March 2012.
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Willis, M. J., A. K. Melkonian, M. E. Pritchard, and S. A. Bernstein (2010) Remote sensing of velocities and elevation changes at outlet glaciers of the northern Patagonian Icefield, Chile (abstract), Ice and Climate Change Conference: A View from the South, Valdivia,
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commitment to active participation in governance and science activities. Associate Membership was available to organizations other than U.S. educational institutions, when those organizations shared UNAVCO's mission and otherwise met the qualifications for membership.
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community members and educators, professional development in geosciences for K-12 faculty, and for undergraduate students through RESESS (Research Experiences in Solid Earth Science for Students), student internships to encourage broader participation in geosciences.
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Owen, S. E.; Webb, F.; Simons, M.; Rosen, P. A.; Cruz, J.; Yun, S.; Fielding, E. J.; Moore, A. W.; Hua, H.; Agram, P. S. (2011), The ARIA-EQ project: Advanced Rapid Imaging and Analysis for Earthquakes. American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2011, abstract
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TLS is a powerful geodetic imaging tool which may support a wide range of user applications in many different environments. Geology applications to date include detailed mapping of; fault scarps, geologic outcrops, fault-surface roughness, frost polygons,
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Earth's system at global scales and to characterize changes in terrestrial groundwater storage at a variety of scales, ranging from continental-scale changes in water storage using gravity space missions, to regional and local changes using
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GAGE Facility engineers provided both classroom and in-field training; as well as project design and implementation, field engineering, TLS or GNSS/GPS network operations, and technology development for GNSS/GPS, TLS and other applications.
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Geodetic research associated with earthquakes and volcanoes have goals of providing early warnings and mitigating future hazard events on a global scale. As the population density increases and more people live in proximity to seismically
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Sato, Mariko; Ishikawa, Tadashi; Ujihara, Naoto; Yoshida, Shigeru; Fujita, Masayuki; Mochizuki, Masashi; Asada, Akira. Displacement Above the Hypocenter of the 2011 Tohoku-Oki Earthquake. Science, Volume 332, Issue 6036, pp. 1395-
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Roger A. Pielke Jr.; Jose Rubiera; Christopher Landsea; Mario L. Fernandez; and Roberta Klein, Hurricane Vulnerability in Latin America and The Caribbean: Normalized Damage and Loss Potentials, 2003, Natural Hazards Review, pp
732:. Designing and undertaking geodetic experiments that enable researchers to improve the understanding of ice dynamics allows stronger predictions (through numerical models) of the response of the glaciers to changing climates.
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strain meters, 28 shallow borehole tilt meters, and six long baseline laser strain meters. These instruments are complemented by INSAR (interferometric synthetic aperture radar) and lidar imagery and geochronology.
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Wang, J., L. Zhang, A. Dai, F. Immler, M. Sommer and H. Voemel, 2012: Radiation dry bias correction of Vaisala RS92 humidity data and its impacts on historical radiosonde data. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., to be
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Wang, J., L. Zhang, A. Dai, F. Immler, M. Sommer and H. Voemel, 2012: Radiation dry bias correction of Vaisala RS92 humidity data and its impacts on historical radiosonde data. J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., to be
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K. Hodgkinson, D. Mencin, A. Borsa, B. Henderson, and W. Johnson. Tsunami Signals Recorded By Plate Boundary Observatory Borehole Strainmeters. Geophysical Research Abstracts Vol. 14, EGU2012-12291, 2012.
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Evolution of Mid‐latitude Density Irregularities and Scintillation in North America During the 7–8 September 2017 Storm - Nishimura - 2021 - Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics - Wiley Online
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are continuously in motion, though so slowly that even with the highest precision instruments, months or years of observations are necessary to measure it. Over the last several decades, the advent of
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Khan, SA, J Wahr, E Leuliette, T van Dam, KM Larson and O Francis (2008), Geodetic measurements of postglacial adjustments in Greenland. J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth, 113 (B2), Art. No. B02402,
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Gutmann, E., K. M. Larson, M. Williams, F. G. Nievinski, and V. Zavorotny, Snow measurement by GPS interferometric reflectometry: an evaluation at Niwot Ridge, Colorado, Hydrologic Processes,
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Melkonian, A. K., M. J. Willis, M. E. Pritchard, and S. A. Bernstein (2009) Glacier velocities and elevation change of the Juneau Icefield, Alaska (abstract C51B-0490,), AGU Fall meeting.
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furthers research on earthquake and tsunami hazards, volcanic eruptions, hurricanes, coastal subsidence, wetlands health, soil moisture, groundwater distribution, and space weather.
460:(TLS) instruments and associated peripherals; digital photography equipment, software and ancillary equipment to support Earth science investigators. TLS technology is based on
488:, columnar joints and hillside drainages. Carrying out additional TLS surveys can be useful in the imaging and measurement of surface changes over time due to, for example:
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645:), COCONet spanning the Caribbean plate boundary, the multi-disciplinary AfricaArray, and several other smaller continuously observing geodetic networks.
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Mears, C., J. Wang, S. Ho, L. Zhang and X. Zhou, 2012: Total column water vapor, in State of the Climate in 2011. Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc., in press.
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Mears, C., J. Wang, S. Ho, L. Zhang and X. Zhou, 2012: Total column water vapor, in State of the Climate in 2011. Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc., in press.
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The UNAVCO GAGE Facility provided geodetic support to NSF-OPP (National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs) funded researchers working in the
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boundary processes, the earthquake cycle, the geometry and dynamics of mathematical systems, continental groundwater storage, and hydrologic loading.
348:(GAGE Facility) on behalf of the NSF and NASA. UNAVCO had 120 US academic members and supported over 110 organizations globally as associate members.
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measurements. These can be taken over areas ranging in size from a dozen meters to hundreds of square kilometers. Data collected from strain and
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Imaging Data is collected by various sensors deployed on satellites, aircraft, and on the ground to provide high-resolution terrain models and
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Small, E.E., K.M. Larson, and J. J. Braun, Sensing Vegetation Growth Using Reflected GPS Signals, Geophys. Res. Lett. 37, L12401,
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station installations, operation, and maintenance, and/or data acquisition, quality control, transfer, management, and archiving.
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Ice covers approximately 10% of Earth's land surface at the present, with most of the ice mass being contained in the
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Charlevoix & Morris Increasing Diversity in Geoscience Through Research Internships, EOS 95(8), 69–70(2014)
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and F.G. Nievinski, GPS Snow Sensing: Results from the EarthScope Plate Boundary Observatory, GPS Solutions,
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Data collection, including installation and maintenance of large-scale geodetic instrument networks
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Geodesy in the 21st Century, Eos, Vol. 90, No. 18, 5 May 2009, by S. Wdowinski and S. Eriksson.
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http://geophysics.eas.gatech.edu/people/anewman/research/papers/Newman_etal_GRL_2012.pdf
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revolutionary progress in our understanding of plate boundaries and plate interiors.
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UNAVCO operated the Plate Boundary Observatory (PBO), the geodetic component of the
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The UNAVCO GAGE Facility managed a community pool of high accuracy portable
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Network data operations, community data products, and cyber infrastructure
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UNAVCO was organized into three programs. The three programs focused on:
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Continuously Operating Caribbean GNSS/GPS Observational Network (COCONet)
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making TLS even more valuable for transformative science investigations.
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kinematics and dynamics of both Earth's atmosphere and the solid Earth.
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The UNAVCO GAGE Facility provided global infrastructure support to
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Research Experience in Solid Earth Sciences for Students (RESESS)
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also provided support for the International GNSS Service (IGS).
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Earth and the tools to study it are constantly changing. The
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The incorporation of GNSS/GPS measurements provides accurate
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The GAGE Facility at UNAVCO maintained a pool of Terrestrial
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Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS)
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Geodetic Facility for the Advancement of Geoscience
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316:university-governed consortium that facilitated
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351:On January 1, 2023, UNAVCO merged with the
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175:Learn how and when to remove this message
73:Learn how and when to remove this message
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310:UNAVCO (University Navstar Consortium)
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622:(Education and Community Engagement)
344:research worldwide. It operated the
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658:Education and Community Engagement
620:Education and outreach strategies
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334:National Science Foundation
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885:, Published 14 – Feb 2008.
452:Terrestrial Laser Scanning
390:Plate Boundary Observatory
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628:Geodetic Infrastructure
649:Geodetic Data Services
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272:40.06114°N 105.20586°W
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524:Engineering Expertise
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63:December 2018
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1084:Africa Array
1034:#IN11B-1298.
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188:UNAVCO, Inc.
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107:Please help
102:verification
99:
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45:by removing
41:Please help
33:
16:Organization
700:Solid Earth
417:tilt meters
387:Earth Scope
378:deformation
275: /
263:105°12′21″W
251:Coordinates
1097:Categories
1062:Highlights
1015:submitted.
986:submitted.
822:2022-06-11
789:References
780:Technology
758:Atmosphere
719:Cryosphere
581:EarthScope
474:lava lakes
328:Background
314:non-profit
260:40°03′40″N
135:newspapers
43:improve it
875:0148-0227
726:Greenland
547:Antarctic
1005:101–114.
559:NASA/JPL
501:Ice flow
486:glaciers
482:fissures
421:geodetic
410:borehole
374:Geodetic
235:Location
124:"UNAVCO"
967:(2011).
957:, 2010.
940:, 2011.
802:Library
684:Science
643:POLENET
382:seismic
342:geology
322:geodesy
318:geology
288:Website
221:Geodesy
207: (
202:Founded
149:scholar
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543:Arctic
419:, and
312:was a
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895:Chile
749:Ocean
743:INSAR
478:dikes
462:lidar
429:lidar
425:radar
217:Focus
156:JSTOR
142:books
1108:NASA
871:ISSN
728:and
639:ANET
637:and
635:GNET
545:and
445:GNSS
427:and
398:GNSS
364:Data
338:NASA
209:1984
205:1984
128:news
1088:PSU
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