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USB-to-serial RS-232 adapters are often used with consumer, commercial and industrial applications and USB-to-serial RS-485/422 adapters are usually mainly used only with industrial applications. Currently, USB to TTL-level UART converters are used extensively by students and hobbyist as they can be
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For the computer to be able to detect and process the data signals drivers must be installed on the computer. Some chip models have drivers installed by default, including FTDI, while drivers for other chip models must be manually installed (e.g. for
Windows and MacOS, WCH (Jiangsu Qin Heng) CH340,
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When the USB to serial adapter is connected to the computer via the USB-port the driver on the computer creates a virtual COM port which shows up in Device
Manager on Windows, and under /dev on Linux and MacOS. This virtual COM port can be accessed and used as if it was a built-in serial COM-port.
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As a simplified example, a typical standard USB to serial adapter consists of a USB processor chip that processes the USB signals. The USB processor sends the processed USB signals to a serial driver chip which applies the correct voltages and sends the processed data signals to the serial output.
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Historically, most personal computers had a built-in D-sub serial RS-232 port, also referred to as a COM port, which could be used for connecting the computer to most types of serial RS-232 devices. By the late 1990s, many computer manufacturers started to phase out the serial COM port in favor of
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and/or surge suppressors to prevent static electricity or other high-voltage surges to enter the data lines thereby preventing data loss and damage to the adapter and connected serial device. The non-isolated version has no protection against static electricity or voltage surges, which is why this
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Since many serial devices with an RS-232, RS-485 or RS-422 port are still in use and even still produced today, the disappearance of the serial COM port from personal computers has created a need for the USB to serial adapter.
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By the mid-2000s, some computers had both a serial COM port and a USB port; however, many no longer had a serial COM port by that time, and today most modern computers have no serial COM port but instead only USB ports.
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However, the characteristics of the virtual COM-port are not exactly the same as a real internal COM port, mainly due to data
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The primary application scenario is to enable USB-based computers to access and communicate with serial devices featuring
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version is usually recommended for only non-critical applications and at short communication ranges.
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USB serial adapters can be isolated or non-isolated. The isolated version has
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protocol is rarely used any more, so USB to RS-423 adapters are less common.
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also exist; however, these are usually not referred to as a serial adapter.
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322:"5 Steps for Selecting the Right USB to Serial adapter"
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362:"Silicon Labs CP210x USB to UART Bridge VCP Drivers"
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57:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
209:Adapters for converting USB to other standard or
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280:to Serial Bridge Controller manufactured by
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206:directly interfaced to microcontrollers.
117:Learn how and when to remove this message
245:the USB port (in part dictated from the
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293:Silicon Labs 210x, Prolific PL2303).
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55:adding citations to reliable sources
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392:from the original on 2021-03-07
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193:serial data. The older serial
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382:"USB to UART/Serial/Printer"
162:that is used for converting
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411:"RS-232 to USB converters"
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342:"WCH CH340 USB UART chip"
166:data signals to and from
650:USB flash drive security
66:"USB-to-serial adapter"
18:USB-to-serial converter
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211:proprietary protocols
168:serial communications
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51:improve this article
386:www.prolific.com.tw
282:Prolific Technology
249:architecture, from
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160:protocol converter
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676:Ethernet over USB
671:Enhanced mini-USB
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585:Mass storage
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265:Architecture
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107:October 2012
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49:Please help
44:verification
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590:Flash drive
170:standards (
156:USB adapter
716:Categories
696:PoweredUSB
681:Decoration
655:USB killer
504:connectors
436:2012-10-14
416:2012-10-14
396:2021-11-06
367:2018-12-11
347:2018-12-11
327:2012-10-14
308:References
154:or simply
77:newspapers
595:FlashCard
251:Microsoft
220:(usually
188:TTL-level
633:Security
530:Versions
497:Hardware
390:Archived
511:cabling
302:latency
240:History
91:scholar
701:WebUSB
645:BadUSB
195:RS-423
184:RS-422
180:RS-485
176:RS-232
144:RS-232
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664:Other
619:Video
557:USB-C
518:power
226:DB-25
218:D-sub
186:, or
146:cable
98:JSTOR
84:books
602:UASP
562:USB4
247:PC97
222:DE-9
201:Uses
191:UART
136:FTDI
70:news
722:USB
686:Hub
607:SSD
552:3.0
547:2.0
542:1.1
537:1.0
478:USB
278:USB
274:Die
253:).
224:or
164:USB
142:to
140:USB
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