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USB-to-serial RS-232 adapters are often used with consumer, commercial and industrial applications and USB-to-serial RS-485/422 adapters are usually mainly used only with industrial applications. Currently, USB to TTL-level UART converters are used extensively by students and hobbyist as they can be
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For the computer to be able to detect and process the data signals drivers must be installed on the computer. Some chip models have drivers installed by default, including FTDI, while drivers for other chip models must be manually installed (e.g. for
Windows and MacOS, WCH (Jiangsu Qin Heng) CH340,
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When the USB to serial adapter is connected to the computer via the USB-port the driver on the computer creates a virtual COM port which shows up in Device
Manager on Windows, and under /dev on Linux and MacOS. This virtual COM port can be accessed and used as if it was a built-in serial COM-port.
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As a simplified example, a typical standard USB to serial adapter consists of a USB processor chip that processes the USB signals. The USB processor sends the processed USB signals to a serial driver chip which applies the correct voltages and sends the processed data signals to the serial output.
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Historically, most personal computers had a built-in D-sub serial RS-232 port, also referred to as a COM port, which could be used for connecting the computer to most types of serial RS-232 devices. By the late 1990s, many computer manufacturers started to phase out the serial COM port in favor of
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and/or surge suppressors to prevent static electricity or other high-voltage surges to enter the data lines thereby preventing data loss and damage to the adapter and connected serial device. The non-isolated version has no protection against static electricity or voltage surges, which is why this
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Since many serial devices with an RS-232, RS-485 or RS-422 port are still in use and even still produced today, the disappearance of the serial COM port from personal computers has created a need for the USB to serial adapter.
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By the mid-2000s, some computers had both a serial COM port and a USB port; however, many no longer had a serial COM port by that time, and today most modern computers have no serial COM port but instead only USB ports.
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However, the characteristics of the virtual COM-port are not exactly the same as a real internal COM port, mainly due to data
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The primary application scenario is to enable USB-based computers to access and communicate with serial devices featuring
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version is usually recommended for only non-critical applications and at short communication ranges.
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217:) connectors or screw terminals, where security of the data transmission is not generally an issue.
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USB serial adapters can be isolated or non-isolated. The isolated version has
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protocol is rarely used any more, so USB to RS-423 adapters are less common.
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also exist; however, these are usually not referred to as a serial adapter.
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311:"5 Steps for Selecting the Right USB to Serial adapter"
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351:"Silicon Labs CP210x USB to UART Bridge VCP Drivers"
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46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
198:Adapters for converting USB to other standard or
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269:to Serial Bridge Controller manufactured by
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195:directly interfaced to microcontrollers.
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
234:the USB port (in part dictated from the
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282:Silicon Labs 210x, Prolific PL2303).
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44:adding citations to reliable sources
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381:from the original on 2021-03-07
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182:serial data. The older serial
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371:"USB to UART/Serial/Printer"
151:that is used for converting
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155:data signals to and from
639:USB flash drive security
55:"USB-to-serial adapter"
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200:proprietary protocols
157:serial communications
141:USB-to-serial adapter
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40:improve this article
375:www.prolific.com.tw
271:Prolific Technology
238:architecture, from
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149:protocol converter
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29:This article
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574:Mass storage
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254:Architecture
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96:October 2012
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38:Please help
33:verification
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579:Flash drive
159:standards (
145:USB adapter
705:Categories
685:PoweredUSB
670:Decoration
644:USB killer
493:connectors
425:2012-10-14
405:2012-10-14
385:2021-11-06
356:2018-12-11
336:2018-12-11
316:2012-10-14
297:References
143:or simply
66:newspapers
584:FlashCard
240:Microsoft
209:(usually
177:TTL-level
622:Security
519:Versions
486:Hardware
379:Archived
500:cabling
291:latency
229:History
80:scholar
690:WebUSB
634:BadUSB
184:RS-423
173:RS-422
169:RS-485
165:RS-232
133:RS-232
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653:Other
608:Video
546:USB-C
507:power
215:DB-25
207:D-sub
175:, or
135:cable
87:JSTOR
73:books
591:UASP
551:USB4
236:PC97
211:DE-9
190:Uses
180:UART
125:FTDI
59:news
711:USB
675:Hub
596:SSD
541:3.0
536:2.0
531:1.1
526:1.0
467:USB
267:USB
263:Die
242:).
213:or
153:USB
131:to
129:USB
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