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separated from each other by vein 2; four conjugated sub-apical spots, the uppermost one minute, two similar spots below them nearer the outer margin, a small spot between these and the two large conjoined spots. Hindwing with a very large medial white patch with its margin sinuous all round; abdominal area covered with yellowish hairs. Underside paler. Forewing with the markings as on the upperside. Hindwing with the white medial patch extending to the abdominal margin from near the costa to one-third above the anal angle, the extension suffused with grey, also extending narrowly to the outer margin, double blackish-brown lunular marks, within the white space at the bases of the sub-median
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is a light uniform leaf green colour with a dark green pulsating line on the back and a relatively small, dark head. The full grown larva has the habit of resting with the first three segments contracted, so as to give a humped appearance. It always lies closely applied to the leaf, by turning over a
420:
The butterflies emerge in
February or March and lay eggs before they die. The eggs remain dormant till the rains, that is, usually the month of May, when they hatch. The caterpillars pupate in September and October and the adults emerge four to six months later. In some cases the caterpillars pupate
308:
It is a bold insect and not easily disturbed. It usually flies in the shade among bushes and under trees keeping low and close to the ground. From time to time, it takes short flights, and, occasionally, much longer excursions into the open clearings. Its flight is quick and the path is very erratic
496:
The most striking characteristic of the pupa is its proboscis. It is long and thin generally extending up to and a little beyond the tip of the abdomen. The pupa is the same colour of the caterpillar and unmarked. It is covered in a thin layer of white powder. The body band is neither too tight nor
295:
The grass demon is to be found in deciduous and semi-evergreen forests. It prefers the edges of open spaces rather than the deep forest shade or open sunlight. It is most abundant in the more open regions of hilly jungle. It is also encountered on the plains at some distance from such terrain. It
230:
Male. Upperside black, the basal half of both wings covered with minute yellowish scales, markings pure white, semi-hyaline. Forewing with a large white spot filling up the end of the cell, two similar conjoined spots outwardly below it extending from beneath vein 4 to the sub-median vein, hardly
304:
The grass demon prefers forest edges or clearings where dappled light is present. Its black and white colouration may have evolved to take advantage of the dappled light in these areas. The pied pattern which seems prominent in the open is effectively disruptive in the shade and the butterfly is
365:
This butterfly also has a unique wing flashing display most often seen just after it has alighted on a leaf. It will move its hindwings down toward the leaf surface. When the hindwings are about halfway down the forewings also start moving downwards. On the upward beat both wings are moved
492:
is long and cylindrical, watery green in colour. It has a long conical projection in front of the head. The eyes are easily seen but do not protrude out of the outline of the pupa. The pupa broadens towards the shoulders and the abdomen gradually tapers to the last segment.
457:
Soon after hatching, the caterpillar does not consume the eggshell completely and it makes itself a spacious cell and hides inside it. The caterpillar is sluggish and comes out to feed only at night. Even when disturbed it is reluctant to leave its cell.
258:
with a wingspan of about 4 to 4.8 cm. It is black with a large white spot on the upperside of the hindwing and several smaller whites spots on the forewing. The underside of its wings is mostly white with brown edges and spots.
235:. Cilia blackish, alternated with white. Antennae black; palpi, head and body concolorous with the wings, whitish on the underside, legs brown above, whitish beneath. Female like the male, but the spots are larger.
351:
287:
Not rare in India. Rare or very rare in certain parts of its global range. This butterfly is seen chiefly during the monsoon, perhaps due to its larval host plants growing at this time of the year.
362:
When basking it sits on the upperside of leaves of herbs or bushes with its hindwings pressed flat against the surface and its forewings held half open at an angle above the hindwings.
366:
simultaneously till the hindwings come together. Then it again begins the downward beat. Each beat is performed very slowly and the butterfly is very conspicuous during this time.
845:
Kalesh, S & S K Prakash (2007). "Additions of the larval host plants of butterflies of the
Western Ghats, Kerala, Southern India (Rhopalocera, Lepidoptera): Part 1".
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This display is unique since no other peninsular Indian butterfly is known to display the capability of moving forewings and hindwings separately.
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are its favourite flowers. It rarely visits bird or dung droppings. It is fond of water and often seen perched on a stone in a stream-bed.
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occurs up to 8,000 feet (2,400 m) in the hills of South India and up to 5,000 feet (1,500 m) in the
Himalayas.
223:
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Hong Kong biodiversity database (Agriculture, Fisheries and
Conservation Department, Government of Hong Kong)
441:. The egg is reddish and appears smooth and dome shaped. When about to hatch it turns white with a red top.
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later and in these cases the pupa remain dormant, throughout the dry season, till May when the rains begin.
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196:, is a small but prominent butterfly found in India & Nepal that belongs to the skipper family,
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Hesperiidae
Indicae: being a reprint of descriptions of the Hesperiidae of India, Burma, and Ceylon
645:
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613:(2015 ed.). New Delhi: Butterfly Research Centre, Bhimtal and Indinov Publishing. p. 49.
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triangular piece from the edge onto the upper surface over itself. Specific host plants include
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One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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The female normally sits on the underside of the leaf of the host plant and lays a single
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De uitlandsche kapellen, voorkomende in de drie waereld-deelen Asia, Africa en
America
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A Catalogue of the
Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia, and Australia in the British Museum
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177:
43:
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754:. London: British Museum (Natural History). Department of Entomology. p. 292.
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633:. Amsteldam: Chez S.J. Baalde; A Utrecht: Chez Barthelmy Wild. pp. 118, 74.
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200:. It is regarded as an occasional pest of ginger and turmeric plants.
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and other plants of family
Sctiaminae. It has also been recorded on
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Pupation takes place on the same plant within a cell. The
787:. Vol. 10. London: Lovell Reeve and Co. p. 205.
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Sri Lanka, India, Nepal and onto
Myanmar, China, India,
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too loose and allows the pupa to wriggle if disturbed.
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compared to body size. This makes it easy to get to
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309:making it very difficult to track when in flight.
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372:The grass demon is a nectar lover and has a long
611:A Synoptic Catalogue of the Butterflies of India
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847:Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society
504:Butterfly just after emerging out of its pupa
8:
870:
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384:tubes. In gardens, the common periwinkle (
305:difficult to locate once it settles down.
51:
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836:
700:. London: L. Reeve & co. p. 177.
571:Caterpillar constructing its leaf shelter
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650:. Madras: Vest and Company. p. 125.
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671:Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
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812:"Life History of the Grass Demon (
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222:For a key to the terms used, see
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1:
1075:Butterflies described in 1775
224:Glossary of entomology terms
1090:Taxa named by Pieter Cramer
609:Varshney, R.; Smetacek, P.
271:, Taiwan, Japan, Thailand,
1126:
784:Lepidoptera Indica. Vol. X
559:Caterpillar on ginger leaf
221:
726:Butterflies in Indo-China
697:The Lepidoptera of Ceylon
667:(Cramer, [1775])"
513:The grass demon feeds on
166:
159:
61:Scientific classification
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41:
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1110:Butterflies of Sri Lanka
1085:Butterflies of Indochina
1080:Butterflies of Singapore
722:(Cramer,[1775])"
694:Moore, Frederic (1880).
357:As prey of a crab spider
1095:Butterflies of Malaysia
627:Cramer, Pieter (1775).
644:Watson, E. Y. (1891).
521:, and their relatives
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1100:Butterflies of Taiwan
1070:Butterflies of Borneo
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380:of flowers with long
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1105:Butterflies of Japan
27:Species of butterfly
273:Malaysian Peninsula
716:Inayoshi, Yutaka.
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246:Lepidoptera Indica
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189:Ancistroides folus
170:Ancistroides folus
36:Ancistroides folus
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1037:Open Tree of Life
876:Taxon identifiers
530:Curcuma decipiens
524:Curcuma aromatica
469:Zingiber zerumbet
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583:Pupa on turmeric
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853:(2): 235–238.
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139:Ancistroides
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985:iNaturalist
908:Wikispecies
509:Food plants
463:caterpillar
387:Vinca rosea
345:Mating pair
218:Description
198:Hesperiidae
194:grass demon
128:Hesperiidae
118:Lepidoptera
1059:Categories
826:2018-03-31
731:2018-03-31
589:References
400:Life cycle
98:Arthropoda
536:Hedychium
408:Leaf cell
374:proboscis
333:Upperside
321:Underside
269:Indochina
256:butterfly
146:Species:
84:Kingdom:
78:Eukaryota
1011:LepIndex
1003:11137489
922:BioLib:
899:Q2227464
893:Wikidata
748:(1949).
543:Zingiber
519:turmeric
249:. Vol. X
238:—
233:nervules
124:Family:
94:Phylum:
88:Animalia
74:Domain:
977:1949336
676:July 3,
393:Lantana
382:corolla
291:Habitat
180:, 1775)
134:Genus:
114:Order:
108:Insecta
104:Class:
1029:218777
1016:189494
990:154364
964:187295
925:650517
776::
515:ginger
390:) and
378:nectar
300:Habits
283:Status
277:Borneo
192:, the
178:Cramer
1042:99500
998:IRMNG
951:7DDKF
938:26273
445:Larva
428:Larva
263:Range
1024:NCBI
972:GBIF
933:BOLD
678:2018
490:pupa
484:Pupa
476:Pupa
461:The
453:Pupa
433:Eggs
959:EoL
946:CoL
851:104
545:sp.
538:sp.
439:egg
416:Egg
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849:.
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533:,
527:,
517:,
472:.
243:,
829:.
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718:"
680:.
663:"
226:.
176:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
