843:. Two Slovaks had their documents expired after moving to Ukraine in 2013 and the State Migration Service of Ukraine main administration charged them with violation of migration regulations, fined them and approved forcefully deport them with banning to return for next three years. For one more Slovak citizen whose papers were in order a term of stay was shortened. All those three Robert (Samuil) Oberhauser, Peter (Basil) Kolodi, and Mariana Feledi left Ukraine same day on 22 June 2015. Two more one Slovak and another Czech played as not having identification papers on hand and were taken to a SBU investigation isolator in Lviv. Later, it was announced that they were moved out of the oblast to avoid any provocation as on 23 June 2015 about 100 people picketed the SBU administration in Lviv Oblast. Nonetheless, on 24 June 2015, those last two were found at the
552:. In 2003, the Basilians and their supporters protested against the appointment of a new Greek-Catholic exarch in the Czech Republic, Ladislav Hučko, a non-Ukrainian, by blockading the Greek-Catholic cathedral. As a result, the event was relocated to be held in a Latin Catholic church. In 2004, Lachovicz was not re-elected. His successor closed the Order's community in the Czech Republic, transferring the members to the monastery in
355:
665:
47:
565:
656:). They added: "The Byzantine Catholic Patriarchate is now commissioned by God to protect the orthodox doctrine of the Catholic Church, including the Latin Church. Only after an orthodox Catholic hierarchy and an orthodox successor to the Papacy is elected, will the Patriarchate be relieved of this God-given duty."
695:, and declared that over 2200 bishops worldwide had excommunicated themselves by failing to "confess the faith and renounce contemporary heresies" by the deadline declared by the UOGCC. The declaration asserted that the bishops affected would thenceforth be unable to validly ordain priests. It also called for
576:
that he and three other
Basilian Fathers had been consecrated as bishops in order to save the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church (UGCC) from heresy and apostasy. He did not identify the bishop or bishops who had performed the consecration. In justification for the act, he wrote that the bishops of the
786:
article, Patriarch Elijah, a Czech national, had gone into hiding, to avoid expulsion from
Ukraine for visa violations. The article also stated that the UOGCC had not attracted a large number of followers, but made headlines in the local Ukrainian news media for their pro-Russian views and alleged
647:
On April 7, 2011, the UOGCC bishops declared the establishment of a
Byzantine Catholic Patriarchate, offering to provide an episcopal authority to like-minded believers elsewhere in the world. Archbishop Elias Dohnal was selected as the first Patriarch of the new body. They declared on 1 May 2011
508:
in 1946), the
General Superior of the Basilian Order, granted the group permission to be designated as an "experimental community" within the Order under his direct supervision. He appointed the community's leader, Elias Dohnal, to direct the formation of the novices in the group, several men from
918:
Mychajlo
Osidach, Ukrainian: Osidach, a former Russian Orthodox priest, has claimed to have been consecrated as a Catholic bishop clandestinely in September 1989, during the era of Communist rule of Ukraine, by Archbishop Volodymyr Sterniuk (1907-1997) and Bishop Filemon Kurchaba (1913-1995). His
702:
In
November 2010, the Buchach eparchy of the UGCC reported a clash between parishioners and a group of about 70 Pidhirtsi supporters, including leaders Metoděj Richard Špiřík and Markian Vasyl Hitiuk, at the Church of the Transfiguration in Chortkiv in an apparent attempt to occupy the church. A
643:
as a "new Church structure for the orthodox faithful of the UGCC." In their declaration they professed the
Catholic faith, including the primacy of the Roman Pontiff and disassociated themselves from "contemporary heresies which destroy both the Eastern and the Western Church."
525:
585:
as a method of seeking
Christian unity between Catholics and Orthodox. In his letter, A. Dohnal denounced statements from Cardinal Husar's book "Conversations with Cardinal Lubomyr Husar: On post-confessional Christianity" as schismatic and apostate.
859:
main administration against "Dohnalites". On 25 June 2015, the chief of SBU administration in Lviv Oblast commented that during the search in convent were noticed many other illegal immigrants who should be checked by migration authorities.
616:(violation of can. 1447 §1 CCEO), and causing injustice and serious harm to the good reputation of the above-mentioned persons and to other hierarchs of the UGCC through slander (violation of can. 1452 CCEO). The penalty imposed was major
1833:
847:
courtroom where just before the session they finally showed their passports, Czech
Richard (Metodij) Spirzik and Slovak Patrick (Timofij) Sojka. On decision of the court, both of them were deported from Ukraine the next day.
1811:
905:
He was ordained as an archbishop in 2009 and held the title of vicar. In 2011, he was elected and consecrated as
Byzantine Catholic Patriarch by the Bishops' Synod, led by Archbishop Michael Osidach, on April 5.
1860:
1806:
879:. He was elected by the Bishops’ Synod of the Ukrainian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church in an extraordinary assembly of 5 April 2011, on the day of establishment of the Byzantine Catholic Patriarchate.
631:, said that the "regional leadership of the police" was interfering and preventing normal police protection of the building. UOGCC officials denied the accusation and complained of police harassment.
688:
from which the UOGCC separated, refused the appeal of the "Pidhirtsi fathers", and left the sentence of major excommunication imposed in June 2008 by the UGCC major-archiepiscopal tribunal intact.
1749:
975:. The UOGCC is fervently against homosexuality which it often accuses the government of Ukraine, the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, and the European Union, of spreading. Archbishop of Lviv
1957:
1875:
509:
the Order's novitiate in Poland. In May 1998, after groundless complaints and a canonical visitation, he withdrew permission for the community's special status. The group appealed to the
620:. After an appeal, the sentence was upheld by the tribunal of the major archeparchy and announced on September 17, 2008. This was done although the Pope did not declare excommunication.
501:. Spirik and two other former students were ordained priests during 1996–1997. Shortly after, A. Dohnal applied for permission to found a "contemplative" branch of the OSBM community.
1985:
604:
held an ecclesiastical trial for the four priests. They were convicted of illegal assumption of authority and illegal administration of ministry (violation of can. 1462 of the
1634:
963:
The sect has been described as opposed to many of the political beliefs of the Ukrainian Greek Orthodox Church followers, including its opposition to Ukraine joining the
1560:
1614:
478:
and promoted prayer groups. In 1986 he was assigned to a "prison for nuns" and kept as a virtual prisoner. From 1987 to 1990 he served at Dvorce, continuing with
1995:
851:
The SBU was not able to find the leader of the organization Elijah Anthony Dohnal. All detentions were conducted as part of criminal proceeding opened by the
882:
Patriarch Elijah was ordained a priest in 1972 in the Czech Republic and joined the OSBM Order and changed rite in 1991. He has a doctorate in theology from
548:, assigning to it Cyril Špiřík, his brother Metoděj R. Špiřík and their former classmate Markian Hitiuk from Ukraine, to serve at the cathedral parish in
1865:
1030:
876:
707:
457:
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of the UOGCC's bishops as valid, and that the bishops of the UOGCC had been excommunicated. The UOGCC bishops wrote a response to the excommunication.
699:
to purge the hierarchy, institute reforms, and resign. On May 1, 2011, the bishops of the UOGCC declared an excommunication against Pope Benedict XVI.
419:
757:
537:
533:
872:
577:
UGCC supported influences of syncretism and occultism, approval of homosexuality, and erroneous ecumenism. As an example of the latter, he cited the
391:
1897:
730:, claiming that Obama has become "an instrument for the Antichrist" through his "active promotion of homosexuality, abortions and demoralization."
1990:
1654:
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1377:"Dichiarazione della Congregazione per la Dottrina della Fede sullo status canonico dei "Sedicenti Vescovi Greco-Cattolici di Pidhirci""
628:
601:
1708:
258:
The movement is not officially recognized in Ukraine by the religious community or state authorities. The organization was officially
387:
1771:
438:
259:
521:). Lachovicz was forced to confirm the suppression in December 1998 and the community members were dispersed to other assignments.
482:
writings against liberal theology and occultism. In 1991, together with students R. Spirik and J. Spirik, he resolved to join the
376:
369:
1546:
470:. After military service, he served as a parochial vicar in Slušovice and Budišov, promoting spiritual revival. Active in the
1739:
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711:
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685:
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released a statement from Cardinal Husar warning that any consecration that had taken place was not recognized by the Church.
1870:
1274:
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1153:
852:
486:
319:
275:
1320:
1912:
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471:
270:' consecrations declared invalid. The movement's seven founding self-consecrated "bishops" were formerly priests of the
1679:
824:
412:
835:) as well as a chapel in the city of Lviv. They detained five members of the religious organization four citizens of
1691:
1592:
1907:
714:
and dated February 22, 2012, concerning the main bishops of the UOGCC. It stated that CDF would not recognize the
623:
On August 15, 2008, Pidhirtsi supporters were accused of an attempt to occupy a church administration building in
365:
1902:
1838:
1674:
483:
1789:
1260:
307:
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https://fakty.com.ua/en/ukraine/suspilstvo/20220630-u-lvovi-zaboronyly-diyalnist-upcz-moskovskogo-patriarhatu/
514:
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1932:
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89:
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2000:
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677:
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1035:
782:
298:
135:
979:
claims the UOGCC is funded by Russia to create disorder in the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church.
952:
Samuel Robert Oberhauser, priest of the eparchy of Ivano-Frankivsk (Ukraine), Slovak, born 1969
1937:
972:
800:
696:
649:
573:
311:
1293:"Promulgation of excommunication upon 265 theologians of the Gregorian University (5.4.2010)"
1722:
812:
105:
1731:
681:
617:
608:(CCEO)), inciting rebellion against the local hierarchy, including Bishop Mykhail Koltun,
263:
131:
1348:
1321:"II Penal procedure in the matter of offences against the faith and morals (15.4.2010)"
1292:
1171:
1053:
964:
840:
639:
On August 11, 2009, the bishops of the Pidhirtsi movement declared the founding of the
461:
341:
position. There is no evidence that Viganò ever accepted the results of this election.
303:
229:
145:
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1979:
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Ivan Ljavinec for a Basilian community, and with the agreement of the Roman Catholic
334:
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for permission to establish an autonomous monastery within the territory of the
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56:
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338:
93:
46:
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1277:. RISU: Religious Information Service of Ukraine. 2008-11-22. Archived from
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and Pope Benedict XVI were excommunicated and that the Holy See was vacant (
553:
490:
475:
248:
157:
52:
1405:"Anathema on 26 cardinals, 134 bishops and 99 priests for the Amazon Synod"
1335:"Declaration of an excommunication upon Pope Benedict XVI and John Paul II"
895:
1538:
1186:"Schismatic Priests Try to Take Buildings of Greek Catholic Stryi Eparchy"
691:
In 2010, the UOGCC declared an excommunication upon 265 professors of the
1606:
1307:"Promulgation of an anathema against 2271 bishops of the Catholic Church"
1248:
Declaration of an excommunication upon Pope Benedict XVI and John Paul II
920:
899:
836:
734:
518:
479:
236:
1391:"Excommunication, anathema, curse /An open letter to Card. W.J. Levada/"
278:. In 2009, the organization announced that it succeeded the "heretical"
1140:"Letter to the Holy Father - Announcement about Episcopal Consecration"
795:
252:
165:
60:
1404:
1351:. UOGCC - Ukrainian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church. November 18, 2011.
1235:"Announcement of establishment of the Byzantine Catholic Patriarchate"
1081:
1812:
Brotherhood of Independent Baptist Churches and Ministries of Ukraine
1031:""Ukrainian Church Faces Obscure Pro-Russia Revolt In Its Own Ranks""
968:
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815:
with the code name “Tonek.” The UOGCC website denied the accusation.
549:
545:
505:
494:
330:
267:
232:
172:
1968:
Declared spiritual independence in May 2022 from Moscow Patriarchate
827:(SBU) service members in full "battle rattle" searched a convent in
564:
1861:
Reformed Church in Sub-Carpathia/ Reformed Church in Transcarpathia
1464:"Announcement and warning to the Catholic and Orthodox Patriarchs"
737:
on 26 cardinals, 134 bishops and 99 priests, participants in the
624:
563:
523:
456:
Anthony Elias Dohnal, born 1946, was ordained as a priest for the
1807:
All-Ukrainian Union of Churches of Evangelical Christian Baptists
703:
statement by the UOGCC claimed that the church was its property.
1188:. RISU: Religious Information Service of Ukraine. Archived from
832:
744:
On 14 October 2019, the UOGCC broke with their former policy of
1542:
733:
On 29 September 2019, Patriarch Elijah of the UOGCC issued "an
726:
The group declared an anathema on then United States President
1006:
568:
Nuns calling for formal registration of the UOGCC, August 2009
348:
205:
1898:
Ukrainian Free Churches – Union of the Evangelical Christians
1533:
1363:"Vatican confirms condemnation of breakaway Ukrainian clergy"
1174:. RISU: Religious Information Service of Ukraine. 2008-09-30.
247:
and declared the creation of the new church in 2009 based in
201:
528:
Demonstration outside the Lviv regional council, August 2009
1275:"Vatican Says Excommunication of "Pidhirtsi Fathers" Final"
1876:
Reformed Presbyterian Church of Central and Eastern Europe
1442:"Memorandum of the Byzantine Catholic Patriarchate (BCP)"
763:
In June 2020 the church's activities were banned by the
1323:. Ukrainian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church. 2010-04-16.
1309:. Ukrainian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church. 2010-05-24.
1295:. Ukrainian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church. 2010-04-05.
1223:. Ukrainian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church. 2009-08-11.
1114:. Ukrainian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church. 2010-01-11.
27:
Independent sect of Eastern Catholicism founded in 2019
811:
published a document identifying Fr. Dohnal as a KGB
333:
to the United States, as Pope, thus switching from a
1007:"Dohnalits". What was it? («Догналіти». Що це було?)
967:, and opposition to the overthrow of former and pro-
322:which it often accuses its opponents of spreading.
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919:consecration was never proofed and approved by the
532:In late 1999, at the request of the Greek-Catholic
197:
183:
171:
151:
141:
127:
119:
111:
99:
85:
75:
67:
39:
1834:German Evangelical Lutheran Church in the Ukraine
560:Conflict with the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
452:Prelude (from Roman Catholics to Greek Catholics)
1615:Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate)
1215:
1213:
1106:
1104:
1102:
497:. In 1992, he transferred to the monastery in
474:since 1981, he fought against the tolerance of
627:, Ukraine. Taras Poshyvak, chancellor of the
1635:Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Kyiv Patriarchate)
1554:
752:. They announced they had elected Archbishop
8:
787:brainwashing of vulnerable young recruits.
710:(CDF) published a declaration, urged by the
544:, Lachovicz founded a Basilian community in
1986:Christian organizations established in 2009
1958:Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
228:religious movement that was established by
1922:
1885:
1866:Evangelical Presbyterian Church of Ukraine
1848:
1821:
1794:
1759:
1727:
1718:
1696:
1644:
1624:
1602:
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1512:. Ukrainian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church
1466:. Ukrainian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church
1444:. Ukrainian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church
1000:
998:
996:
994:
992:
943:Metoděj R. Špiřík, : Czech, born 1968
708:Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith
388:"Ukrainian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church"
45:
1510:"Brief information about the new bishops"
1261:"Pastoral letter for the Catholic Church"
1250:. Uogcc.org.ua. Retrieved on 4 July 2013.
1128:. St. Nicholas Ukrainian Catholic Church.
572:On March 3, 2008, A. Dohnal announced to
439:Learn how and when to remove this message
1483:
1481:
1379:. Holy See Press Office. March 29, 2012.
935:Markian V. Hitiuk,: Ukrainian, born 1970
875:) was elected as first Patriarch of the
663:
641:Ukrainian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church
215:Ukrainian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church
40:Ukrainian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church
18:Ukrainian orthodox Greek Catholic Church
1655:Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church
1365:. Catholic News Agency. March 29, 2012.
1172:"Trial of "Pidhirtsi Fathers" Finished"
988:
929:as a bishop recognized by the Holy See.
857:Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine
504:In 1997, Dionysius Lachovicz (born in
1221:"Decree of establishment of the UOGCC"
923:. As of 2014, he is not listed in the
803:, Elijah was a Soviet informer in the
606:Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches
589:On Easter Sunday, March 23, 2008, the
534:Apostolic Exarch in the Czech Republic
511:Congregation for the Oriental Churches
375:Please improve this article by adding
36:
1996:Independent Eastern Catholic Churches
1154:"Episcopal consecrations and the BCP"
1024:
1022:
1020:
1018:
1016:
758:Apostolic Nuncio to the United States
325:In 2019, the sect elected Archbishop
7:
1349:"Totalitarian sect – UOGCC or UGCC?"
1076:
1074:
1048:
1046:
799:newspaper, reported that before the
776:Allegations of Russian collaboration
458:Roman Catholic Diocese of Litoměřice
1156:. UOGCC. 2011-05-06. Archived from
793:further claims that the Lviv-based
680:, the highest appeals court of the
296:The movement has been described by
1709:Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lviv
285:The organization is also known as
25:
1772:Ukrainian Orthodox Greek Catholic
1112:"History of the Pidhirsti reform"
660:Conflict with the Catholic Church
1029:Andrew Higgins (June 21, 2014).
353:
1409:Byzantine Catholic Patriarchate
1086:Byzantine Catholic Patriarchate
877:Byzantine Catholic Patriarchate
869:Patriarch Elijah Anthony Dohnal
805:Czechoslovak Socialist Republic
712:Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
706:On March 29, 2012, the Vatican
693:Pontifical Gregorian University
591:Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
318:, as well as fervently against
287:Byzantine Catholic Patriarchate
280:Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
272:Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
245:Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
192:Byzantine Catholic Patriarchate
178:Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
32:Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
1991:Eastern Catholicism in Ukraine
1871:Sub-Carpathian Reformed Church
807:. In support of their claims,
487:Order of Saint Basil the Great
276:Order of Saint Basil the Great
1:
819:Search for illegal immigrants
464:
377:secondary or tertiary sources
1908:Ukrainian Pentecostal Church
1490:"Die apostolische Nachfolge"
472:Catholic Charismatic Renewal
1903:Ukrainian Missionary Church
825:Security Service of Ukraine
206:http://vkpatriarhat.org/en/
2017:
1593:Orthodox Church of Ukraine
1126:"In Service to the Church"
274:and former members of the
202:http://www.uogcc.org.ua/en
29:
1966:
1839:Ukrainian Lutheran Church
1675:Armenian Apostolic Church
44:
1913:Victory Christian Church
1745:Ruthenian Greek Catholic
1740:Ukrainian Greek Catholic
853:Shevchenkivskyi District
676:On October 7, 2008, the
602:Eparchy of Sokal-Zhovkva
30:Not to be confused with
1933:Ukrainian Bible Society
1570:Christianity in Ukraine
1393:. UOGCC. April 1, 2012.
1237:. UOGCC. April 7, 2011.
1142:. UOGCC. March 3, 2008.
839:and one citizen of the
716:episcopal consecrations
489:(OSBM) and entered the
1204:"Judgment at the head"
673:
614:Lubomyr Cardinal Husar
569:
529:
364:relies excessively on
1337:. UOGCC. May 1, 2011.
939:Members of the Synod:
823:On 22 June 2015, the
667:
635:Founding of the UOGCC
567:
527:
515:Archeparchy of Prešov
235:, predominantly from
221:) is an unregistered
115:Elijah Anthony Dohnal
51:St. Joseph Church in
971:Ukrainian president
959:Beliefs and theology
780:According to a 2014
765:City Council of Lviv
668:The UOGCC church in
579:Balamand declaration
538:Archbishop of Prague
226:Independent Catholic
80:Independent Catholic
1411:. 29 September 2019
926:Annuario Pontificio
916:Head of the Church:
678:Apostolic Signatura
612:, Major Archbishop
583:rejected "uniatism"
581:of 1993, which had
304:anti-European Union
1680:Diocese of Ukraine
1668:Oriental Orthodoxy
1036:The New York Times
1010:Zbruc. 5 July 2016
884:Charles University
855:department of the
791:The New York Times
754:Carlo Maria Viganò
722:Later developments
674:
570:
530:
327:Carlo Maria Viganò
299:The New York Times
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1577:Eastern Orthodoxy
1088:. 14 October 2019
1004:Kvyatkovskyi, A.
973:Viktor Yanukovych
801:Fall of Communism
760:, as their Pope.
697:Pope Benedict XVI
650:Pope John Paul II
596:In June 2008 the
574:Pope Benedict XVI
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448:
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291:Pidhirtsi Fathers
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188:Pidhirtsi Fathers
16:(Redirected from
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1723:Eastern Catholic
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331:Apostolic Nuncio
198:Official website
155:August 11, 2009
90:Eastern Catholic
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21:
2016:
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1082:"Habemus papam"
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1054:"Habemus papam"
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682:Catholic Church
662:
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618:excommunication
562:
467:
454:
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428:
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382:
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370:primary sources
358:
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310:as well as pro-
264:Catholic Church
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132:Church Slavonic
63:
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1528:External links
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890:and lectured
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771:Controversies
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748:and embraced
747:
746:Sedevacantism
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390: –
389:
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384:Find sources:
378:
372:
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362:This article
360:
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335:sedevacantist
332:
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1701:Latin Church
1628:Noncanonical
1514:. Retrieved
1504:
1493:. Retrieved
1468:. Retrieved
1458:
1446:. Retrieved
1436:
1424:
1413:. Retrieved
1408:
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1371:
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1315:
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1287:
1279:the original
1269:
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1243:
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1190:the original
1180:
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1158:the original
1148:
1134:
1120:
1090:. Retrieved
1085:
1062:. Retrieved
1060:. 2019-10-15
1058:uogcc.org.ua
1057:
1034:
1005:
977:Ihor Vozniak
962:
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829:Bryukhovychi
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762:
743:
739:Amazon Synod
732:
728:Barack Obama
725:
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68:Abbreviation
1890:Pentecostal
1764:Independent
1692:Catholicism
556:, Ukraine.
468: 1971
316:pro-Russian
162:Lviv Oblast
86:Orientation
57:Lviv Oblast
2001:Conclavism
1980:Categories
1607:Autonomous
1516:2010-04-29
1495:2010-04-29
1415:2021-08-30
1092:2019-10-15
1064:2021-08-30
983:References
933:Secretary:
750:Conclavism
648:that both
399:newspapers
366:references
339:conclavist
312:Yanukovych
266:and their
241:schismated
94:Conclavist
1938:Mennonite
892:dogmatics
672:, Ukraine
670:Pidhirtsi
554:Pidhirtsi
491:novitiate
476:occultism
329:, former
262:from the
249:Pidhirtsi
243:from the
158:Pidhirtsi
136:Ukrainian
112:Patriarch
106:Episcopal
53:Pidhirtsi
1853:Reformed
1826:Lutheran
1470:19 April
1448:19 April
1206:. UOGCC.
921:Holy See
900:Slovakia
864:Founders
837:Slovakia
735:anathema
598:tribunal
519:Slovakia
499:Trebišov
480:samizdat
237:Slovakia
230:Basilian
128:Language
1799:Baptist
969:Russian
809:Ekspres
796:Ekspres
610:C.SS.R.
600:of the
413:scholar
345:History
268:bishops
253:Ukraine
233:priests
223:Eastern
166:Ukraine
142:Liturgy
123:Ukraine
61:Ukraine
1648:Former
896:Prešov
888:Prague
831:(near
550:Prague
546:Prague
506:Brazil
495:Warsaw
415:
408:
401:
394:
386:
239:, who
152:Origin
120:Region
101:Polity
625:Stryi
420:JSTOR
406:books
337:to a
219:UOGCC
71:UOGCC
1472:2011
1450:2011
1428:<
873:Hluk
833:Lviv
813:mole
686:UGCC
392:news
314:and
306:and
213:The
134:and
894:in
741:"
493:in
460:in
368:to
302:as
289:or
1982::
1480:^
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1212:^
1101:^
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1073:^
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902:.
898:,
886:,
767:.
540:,
465:c.
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92:·
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517:(
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436:(
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427:(
417:·
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217:(
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20:)
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