776:東アジアの盂蘭盆と東南アジアのワン・オ一クパンサーなどは、いずれも、釈尊の時代に規定された様に七月十五日の自恣の日を祝っているのだが（日本ではこのことはすでに意識されていない）、東南アジアでは古代インドの暦に基づいて行われるのに対し、東アジアでは、中国の太陰暦に従っているので、ニケ月の差があり、これらが同一の行事ということに気付く人は少ない。English Translation: Both the East Asian Urabon and Southeast Asian Wan Ok Phansa are celebrated on the 15th day of the seventh month, the day of Pravāraṇā just as it was promulgated in Lord Buddha's time (in Japan, this matter is not known to people). In Southeast Asian countries, they use the ancient Indian calendar as opposed to East Asian countries where they use the
832:對佛教徒來說，自古印度年曆（元旦相當於公曆三月中至四月中）四月十五日（公曆六至七月）或五月十五日（公曆七至八月）開始的三個月是雨安居。直至今天，西藏、尼泊爾、東南亞地區的僧人依然在此期間行雨安居。這一習俗也傳到沒有雨季的中國大陸中原地域，年曆和數字被原封不動地保留下來，但由印度年曆變為中國太陰曆。在中國、日本、朝鮮半島等東亞地區，雨安居從陰曆四月（公曆五月）開始，持續三個月。English Translation: From the Buddhist viewpoint, based on the Ancient Indian calendar (New Years is in the middle of March to the middle of April ) the 15th day of the fourth month (June to July ) or the 15th day of the fifth month (July to August ) is the start of three month period called
684:報恩奉盆經 (T. 16, no. 686, 780a20), indicates clearly that this sutra is not apocryphal but a genuine translation, because only somebody who knew the original Indian form was able to transliterate it thus correctly into Chinese. In conclusion, I assume that this sutra is not apocryphal, but a translation from an Indian text translated by Dharmarakṣa or somebody else in pre-Kumārajīva times . Also c.f. p 301 for derivation of Yulan from Middle Indic (Gandhari) *olana.
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836:. From ancient times to even today, the monastic community of Tibet, Nepal and Southeast Asia still follow this schedule to observe vassa. This custom was also transmitted to China which does not have a rainy season, the calendar and dates preserved unchanged from the original but instead of using the ancient Indian calendar, the lunar
448:, which is also very similar to the Yulanpen Sutra: Maudgalyayana communicates on the behalf of five hundred pretas with their relatives who make offerings on the pretas' behalf to the monastic community. Once the transference of merit is completed, the former pretas are reborn and released from their suffering.
679:
p.302 -Although this sutra has often been regarded as apocryphal , the contents and ideas in it are well rooted in India as we have seen above. In addition to that, the vocabulary and usage of
Chinese words are more archaic, compared with Kumārajīva's corpus (401-413 CE), while they resemble greatly
468:
or hungry ghost realm. She was in a wasted condition and
Maudgalyayana tried to help her by giving her a bowl of rice. Unfortunately as a preta, she was unable to eat the rice as it was transformed into burning coal. Maudgalyayana then asks the Buddha to help him; whereupon Buddha explains how one
443:
or hungry ghost. Similar to the
Yulanpen Sutra, Sariputta builds four huts and fills them with food and drink for the Sangha of the four quarters; with the Buddha present, he dedicates this donation on behalf of his suffering mother. The transference of merit enables Sariputta's mother to be reborn
809:
Pravāraṇā (Pāli Pavāraṇā) zizi 自恣 and suiyi 隨意 in
Chinese, is a ceremony held at the end of the three-month rainy season retreat by Buddhist monks. In Theravada Buddhism and in Nepal, it was and is still held on the full moon day of the seventh or eight month. i.e. Āśvina (September–October) or
379:
Dynasty and is entitled: 'The Buddha Speaks the Sutra of
Offering Bowls to Repay Kindness'. According to Karashima, Taisho 686 is basically a more idiomatic adaptation of Taisho 685. It records the events which followed after one of the disciples of
589:
This is an index to the Taisho
Tripitaka - nb Volume 16 is listed as 經集部 or Collected Sutra Section; it is where Taisho 685 (The Buddha Speaks the Yulanpen Sutra) and Taisho 686 (The Buddha Speaks the Sutra of Offering Bowls to Repay Kindness) are
680:
the translations by
Dharmarakṣa (fl. 265?-311 CE). Moreover, the transliteration 鉢和羅 (EH pat γwa la > MC pwât γwâ lâ} of Skt. pravāra(ṇā), which only occurs in this sutra and its adaptation, i.e. the
840:
is used. In China, Japan, the Korean peninsula and other East Asian regions, vassa starts on the fourth month of the lunar
Chinese calendar (May (in the Gregorian calendar) and lasts 3 months. .
371:. It was translated from an Indic language (see History) and is found in Taisho 685 and Taisho 686 in Volume 16, the third volume of the Collected Sutra Section. Taisho 685 was translated by
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at some point between 265-311 CE. The subject matter of the
Yulanpen Sutra is broadly similar to several accounts described in other sutras. The most ancient of those accounts (
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from 265-311 CE and is entitled: 'The Buddha Speaks the
Yulanpen Sutra'. Taisho 686 was translated by an unknown or lost translator during the
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is able to assist one's current parents and deceased parents in this life and in one's past seven lives by willingly offering food, etc., to the
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and uses his newfound powers to search for his deceased parents. Maudgalyayana discovers that his deceased mother was reborn into the
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864:, Bukkyō Dendō Kyōkai English Tripitaka Series, Berkeley: Numata Center for Buddhist Translation and Research, pp. 17–44,
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Annual Report of the International Research Institute for Advance Buddhology at Soka University for the Academic Year 2012
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Annual Report of the International Research Institute for Advance Buddhology at Soka University for the Academic Year 2012
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using it to teach the people of Sri Lanka in the 3rd century BCE. The Petavatthu was responsible for spreading a similar
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Annual Report of the International Research Institute for Advance Buddhology at Soka University for the Academic Year 2012
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Annual Report of the International Research Institute for Advance Buddhology at Soka University for the Academic Year 2012
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and uses his newfound powers to search for his deceased parents. In the end, Maudgalyayana finds his mother in the
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which is also part of the Pali Canon and contains 51 verses describing the karmic origins of rebirth in the
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Buddhist Rituals of Death and Rebirth: Contemporary Sri Lankan Practice and Its Origins
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770:[The Real Meaning of Urabon –The Solution to a 1400 Year Misunderstanding].
632:[The Real Meaning of Urabon –The Solution to a 1400 Year Misunderstanding].
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638:ほぼ同じ内容の「報恩奉盆経」という経典ものあるがこれは前者がいかにも直訳だったものを中国的に改めたものにすぎない。(see text for translation)
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The Yulanpen Sutra has traditionally been regarded as being translated from the
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The sutra was picked up almost immediately by Chinese festival guides like the
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Bandō, Shōjun, ed. (2005), "The Ullambana Sutra (Taishō Vol. 16, No. 685)",
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No. 14 - The Story of the Mother of Sariputta) describes how the disciple
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828:中華文史論叢 (title tr. to English - Journal of Chinese Literature and History)
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Both Taisho 685 and 686 are found in Volume 16 of the Taisho Tripitaka.
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and released from the preta world. Another account can be found in the
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826:[The Meaning of Yulanpen 盂蘭盆 "Rice Bowl" On Pravāraṇā Day].
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rescued his mother (from five past lives ago) who had become a
3118:
1654:
503:, which in turn influenced other Ghost Festivals throughout
830:(in Chinese) (114). Translated by 裘雲青 (Qiu Yunqing): 286.
794:"The Meaning of Yulanpen 盂蘭盆 "Rice Bowl" On Pravāraṇā Day"
741:"The Meaning of Yulanpen 盂蘭盆 "Rice Bowl" On Pravāraṇā Day"
664:"The Meaning of Yulanpen 盂蘭盆 "Rice Bowl" On Pravāraṇā Day"
604:"The Meaning of Yulanpen 盂蘭盆 "Rice Bowl" On Pravāraṇā Day"
756:
Also Sanskrit fragments of this account have been found.
942:, translated by The Buddhist Text Translation Society
288:
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396:(hungry ghost) world and with the assistance of the
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707:realm. The earliest reference to it, is in the
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87:
66:
8:
1766:Basic points unifying Theravāda and Mahāyāna
347:
554:, a Chinese legend concerning Maudgalyayana
991:
977:
969:
253:
116:
42:
810:Kārttika (October–November) respectively.
822:辛嶋静志 Karashima Seishi (February 2014).
2953:Banishment of Buddhist monks from Nepal
766:辛嶋静志 Karashima Seishi (October 2013).
628:辛嶋静志 Karashima Seishi (October 2013).
568:
3156:List of Buddhist architecture in China
170:
29:
7:
583:[Taishō Shinshū Tripitaka].
772:大法輪 (The Great Wheel of the Dharma)
634:大法輪 (The Great Wheel of the Dharma)
495:and influenced the creation of the
2943:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
477:(the end of the monsoon season or
25:
48:Mulian and his mother Madame Liu
3624:
3614:
3613:
3171:Thai temple art and architecture
2916:Huichang persecution of Buddhism
1156:Iconography in Laos and Thailand
1022:
1009:
999:
946:"Should One Practice Filiality?"
456:The sutra records the time when
1023:
792:Karashima Seishi (March 2013).
739:Karashima Seishi (March 2013).
662:Karashima Seishi (March 2013).
602:Karashima Seishi (March 2013).
3161:Japanese Buddhist architecture
2963:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
2043:Seven Factors of Enlightenment
1234:Places where the Buddha stayed
322:
289:
275:
216:
189:
152:
138:
88:
67:
1:
3662:Post-canonical Buddhist texts
3176:Tibetan Buddhist architecture
473:or monastic community during
400:, is able to save her. The
2933:Buddhism and the Roman world
2909:Decline of Buddhism in India
2904:History of Buddhism in India
1004: Topics in
918:: Harvard University Press,
244:of the Yulan Bowl Spoken by
2131:Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar
1871:
3678:
3081:The unanswerable questions
911:T'ang Transformation Texts
578:"Taishō Shinshū Daizōkyō"
27:Sutra in Mahāyāna Buddhism
3609:
3166:Buddhist temples in Korea
1729:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism
1632:Three planes of existence
1239:Buddha in world religions
1018:
551:Mulian Rescues His Mother
348:
302:
291:Fo Shuo Yü-lan-p'ên Ching
252:
178:
165:
115:
41:
37:
2948:Persecution of Buddhists
2169:Four stages of awakening
1550:Three marks of existence
1136:Physical characteristics
908:Mair, Victor H. (1989),
823:
767:
629:
579:
530:Filial piety in Buddhism
407:is based on this sutra.
326:; ;
184:Traditional Chinese
62:Traditional Chinese
2311:Ten principal disciples
1194:(aunt, adoptive mother)
893:, Abingdon: Routledge,
768:「盂蘭盆」の本当の意味 ―千四百間の誤解を解く
630:「盂蘭盆」の本当の意味 ―千四百間の誤解を解く
276:《Fú shuō Yúlánpén jīng》
211:Simplified Chinese
83:Simplified Chinese
3652:Chinese Buddhist texts
3021:Buddhism and democracy
2534:Tibetan Buddhist canon
2529:Chinese Buddhist canon
1761:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
1756:Early Buddhist schools
357:
336:Japanese pronunciation
3031:Eight Consciousnesses
1141:Life of Buddha in art
887:Langer, Rita (2007),
858:Apocryphal Scriptures
3508:East Asian religions
2938:Buddhism in the West
2509:Early Buddhist texts
2124:Four Right Exertions
1590:Ten spiritual realms
1083:Noble Eightfold Path
774:(in Japanese): 185.
636:(in Japanese): 182.
312:, also known as the
3631:Religion portal
3378:Temple of the Tooth
3257:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
2296:Upāsaka and Upāsikā
1789:Bodhipakkhiyādhammā
1572:Two truths doctrine
1392:Mahapajapati Gotamī
1192:Mahapajapati Gotamī
940:The Ullambana Sutra
727:. cf Langer (2007)
545:Zhong Yuan Festival
318:traditional Chinese
3553:Western philosophy
3151:Dzong architecture
2973:Vipassana movement
2968:Buddhist modernism
2396:Emperor Wen of Sui
2164:Pratyekabuddhayāna
2097:Threefold Training
1899:Vipassana movement
1615:Hungry Ghost realm
1435:Avidyā (Ignorance)
1382:Puṇṇa Mantānīputta
1131:Great Renunciation
1126:Eight Great Events
1008:
964:Nichiren Daishonin
682:Baoen Fengpen jing
3639:
3638:
3277:Om mani padme hum
2983:Women in Buddhism
2899:Buddhist councils
2769:Western countries
2557:Madhyamakālaṃkāra
2318:Shaolin Monastery
1895:Samatha-vipassanā
1505:Pratītyasamutpāda
1309:Metteyya/Maitreya
1227:
1219:
1211:
1203:
1195:
1187:
1179:
1056:Four Noble Truths
925:978-0-674-86815-1
900:978-1-134-15872-0
713:Venerable Mahinda
540:Transfer of merit
382:Shakyamuni Buddha
306:
305:
298:
297:
263:Standard Mandarin
169:
168:
161:
160:
154:Yü-lan-p'ên Ching
126:Standard Mandarin
110:of the Yulan Bowl
55:
16:(Redirected from
3669:
3629:
3628:
3617:
3616:
3456:Sacred languages
3304:Maya Devi Temple
3267:Mahabodhi Temple
3071:Secular Buddhism
3036:Engaged Buddhism
1876:
1724:Tibetan Buddhism
1675:Vietnamese Thiền
1274:Mahāsthāmaprāpta
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1209:
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903:
882:
880:
874:, archived from
863:
843:
842:
838:Chinese calendar
819:
813:
812:
798:
789:
783:
782:
778:Chinese calendar
763:
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492:Jingchu Suishiji
351:
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174:Alternative name
171:
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49:
46:
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21:
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3657:Mahayana sutras
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3124:Ordination hall
3085:
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2958:Buddhist crisis
2870:
2567:
2519:Mahayana sutras
2495:
2491:Thích Nhất Hạnh
2322:
2195:
2135:
2085:Bodhisattva vow
1770:
1636:
1576:
1535:Taṇhā (Craving)
1470:Five hindrances
1421:
1313:
1243:
1097:
1042:
1014:
997:
954:
936:
926:
907:
901:
886:
878:
872:
861:
854:
851:
846:
825:
821:
820:
816:
796:
791:
790:
786:
769:
765:
764:
760:
743:
738:
737:
733:
701:Khuddaka Nikaya
699:is part of the
694:
690:
677:: 289,301,302.
666:
661:
660:
656:
648:
644:
631:
627:
626:
622:
606:
601:
600:
596:
581:
576:
574:
570:
566:
561:
525:Dana (Buddhism)
521:
487:
454:
413:
358:Kinh Vu Lan Bồn
314:Ullambana Sutra
237:Literal meaning
139:《Yúlánpén jīng》
103:Literal meaning
56:
51:
28:
23:
22:
18:Ullambana Sutra
15:
12:
11:
5:
3675:
3673:
3665:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3644:
3643:
3637:
3636:
3634:
3633:
3621:
3610:
3607:
3606:
3604:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3573:
3567:
3565:
3559:
3558:
3556:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3504:
3503:
3498:
3488:
3482:
3480:
3474:
3473:
3471:
3470:
3469:
3468:
3463:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3397:
3395:
3389:
3388:
3386:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3374:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3322:
3321:
3316:
3311:
3306:
3301:
3291:
3286:
3281:
3280:
3279:
3269:
3264:
3259:
3254:
3253:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3232:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3202:
3197:
3192:
3191:
3190:
3188:Greco-Buddhist
3180:
3179:
3178:
3173:
3168:
3163:
3158:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3142:
3141:
3139:Burmese pagoda
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3095:
3093:
3087:
3086:
3084:
3083:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2997:
2995:
2989:
2988:
2986:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2929:
2928:
2921:Greco-Buddhism
2918:
2913:
2912:
2911:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2880:
2878:
2872:
2871:
2869:
2868:
2867:
2866:
2861:
2856:
2854:United Kingdom
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2799:Czech Republic
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2766:
2765:
2764:
2759:
2749:
2748:
2747:
2737:
2736:
2735:
2730:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2695:
2690:
2689:
2688:
2678:
2673:
2663:
2658:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2603:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2583:
2577:
2575:
2569:
2568:
2566:
2565:
2563:Abhidharmadīpa
2560:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2505:
2503:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2481:B. R. Ambedkar
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2401:Songtsen Gampo
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2332:
2330:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2320:
2315:
2314:
2313:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2277:
2276:
2266:
2261:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2226:
2221:
2216:
2211:
2205:
2203:
2197:
2196:
2194:
2193:
2192:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2145:
2143:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2133:
2128:
2127:
2126:
2116:
2115:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2094:
2093:
2092:
2087:
2082:
2080:Eight precepts
2077:
2067:
2066:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2040:
2039:
2038:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2017:
2016:
2011:
2006:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1975:
1974:
1969:
1959:
1954:
1953:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1907:
1902:
1892:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1868:
1858:
1853:
1851:Five Strengths
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1817:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1791:
1786:
1780:
1778:
1772:
1771:
1769:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1742:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1716:
1715:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1678:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1646:
1644:
1638:
1637:
1635:
1634:
1629:
1628:
1627:
1622:
1617:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1592:
1586:
1584:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1574:
1569:
1568:
1567:
1562:
1557:
1547:
1542:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1490:Mental factors
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1431:
1429:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1369:
1364:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1342:Mahamoggallāna
1339:
1334:
1329:
1323:
1321:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1265:
1264:
1257:Avalokiteśvara
1253:
1251:
1245:
1244:
1242:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1230:
1229:
1221:
1213:
1205:
1197:
1189:
1181:
1168:
1163:
1158:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1107:
1105:
1099:
1098:
1096:
1095:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1079:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1058:
1052:
1050:
1044:
1043:
1041:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1019:
1016:
1015:
998:
996:
995:
988:
981:
973:
967:
966:
957:
949:
943:
935:
934:External links
932:
931:
930:
924:
905:
899:
884:
870:
850:
847:
845:
844:
824:盂蘭盆之意-自恣日的"飯鉢"
814:
784:
758:
731:
725:Southeast Asia
717:Ghost Festival
711:which records
688:
654:
642:
620:
594:
587:(in Chinese).
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
556:
555:
547:
542:
537:
532:
527:
520:
517:
507:, such as the
497:Ghost Festival
486:
483:
453:
450:
412:
409:
405:Ghost Festival
310:Yulanpen Sutra
304:
303:
300:
299:
296:
295:
286:
280:
279:
272:
266:
265:
259:
258:
257:Transcriptions
250:
249:
238:
234:
233:
213:
207:
206:
186:
180:
179:
176:
175:
167:
166:
163:
162:
159:
158:
149:
143:
142:
135:
129:
128:
122:
121:
120:Transcriptions
113:
112:
104:
100:
99:
85:
79:
78:
64:
58:
57:
47:
39:
38:
35:
34:
33:Yulanpen Sutra
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3674:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3649:
3647:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3620:
3612:
3611:
3608:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3594:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3568:
3566:
3564:
3560:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3493:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3483:
3481:
3479:
3475:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3458:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3434:
3432:
3429:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3398:
3396:
3394:
3393:Miscellaneous
3390:
3384:
3383:Vegetarianism
3381:
3379:
3376:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3348:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3296:
3295:
3292:
3290:
3287:
3285:
3282:
3278:
3275:
3274:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3227:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3205:Buddha in art
3203:
3201:
3198:
3196:
3193:
3189:
3186:
3185:
3184:
3181:
3177:
3174:
3172:
3169:
3167:
3164:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3154:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3140:
3137:
3136:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3101:
3100:
3097:
3096:
3094:
3092:
3088:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2998:
2996:
2994:
2990:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2927:
2924:
2923:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2910:
2907:
2906:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2881:
2879:
2877:
2873:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2859:United States
2857:
2855:
2852:
2850:
2847:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2771:
2770:
2767:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2754:
2753:
2750:
2746:
2743:
2742:
2741:
2738:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2725:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
2691:
2686:
2682:
2679:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2668:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2627:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2578:
2576:
2574:
2570:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2558:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2541:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2502:
2498:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2416:Padmasambhava
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2333:
2331:
2329:
2328:Major figures
2325:
2319:
2316:
2312:
2309:
2308:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2275:
2274:Western tulku
2272:
2271:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2255:
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2225:
2222:
2220:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2206:
2204:
2202:
2198:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2171:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2138:
2132:
2129:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2120:
2117:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2099:
2098:
2095:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2081:
2078:
2076:
2075:Five precepts
2073:
2072:
2071:
2068:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2053:Dhamma vicaya
2051:
2049:
2046:
2045:
2044:
2041:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2001:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1964:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1900:
1896:
1893:
1891:
1888:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1875:
1874:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1862:
1859:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1849:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1822:
1821:Buddhābhiṣeka
1819:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1796:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1777:
1773:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1740:
1737:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1720:
1717:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1656:
1653:
1652:
1651:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1639:
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332:yúlánpén-jīng
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3571:Bodhisattvas
3491:Christianity
3486:Baháʼí Faith
3351:Dharmachakra
3341:Prayer wheel
3331:Prayer beads
3099:Architecture
2978:969 Movement
2762:Saudi Arabia
2740:Central Asia
2733:South Africa
2555:
2538:
2471:Panchen Lama
2376:Buddhapālita
1972:Satipatthana
1967:Mindful Yoga
1880:Recollection
1794:Brahmavihara
1665:Japanese Zen
1660:Chinese Chan
1620:Animal realm
1427:Key concepts
1249:Bodhisattvas
1061:Three Jewels
955:(in Chinese)
910:
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876:the original
857:
849:Bibliography
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369:filial piety
352:;
342:;
339:
334:;
331:
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309:
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290:
270:Hanyu Pinyin
240:
153:
133:Hanyu Pinyin
106:
3416:Dharma talk
3245:Asalha Puja
3041:Eschatology
2844:Switzerland
2824:New Zealand
2752:Middle East
2661:Philippines
2581:Afghanistan
2386:Bodhidharma
2371:Buddhaghosa
2291:Householder
2201:Monasticism
2154:Bodhisattva
2009:Prostration
1962:Mindfulness
1890:Anapanasati
1873:Kammaṭṭhāna
1670:Korean Seon
1610:Asura realm
1605:Human realm
1545:Ten Fetters
1500:Parinirvana
1402:Uppalavanna
1367:Mahākaccana
1352:Mahākassapa
1284:Kṣitigarbha
1279:Ākāśagarbha
1176:Suddhodāna
1121:Four sights
1048:Foundations
960:"On Urabon"
585:CBETA 漢文大藏經
425:Dharmarakṣa
388:, achieves
377:Eastern Jin
373:Dharmarakṣa
367:concerning
3646:Categories
3533:Psychology
3513:Gnosticism
3501:Comparison
3496:Influences
3478:Comparison
3361:Bhavacakra
3319:Kushinagar
3294:Pilgrimage
3240:Māgha Pūjā
3195:Bodhi Tree
3011:Buddhology
3001:Abhidharma
2993:Philosophy
2926:Menander I
2794:Costa Rica
2745:Uzbekistan
2586:Bangladesh
2540:Dhammapada
2524:Pali Canon
2486:Ajahn Chah
2466:Dalai Lama
2366:Kumārajīva
2361:Vasubandhu
2336:The Buddha
2244:Zen master
2179:Sakadagami
2159:Buddhahood
2090:Pratimokṣa
1905:Shikantaza
1861:Meditation
1836:Deity yoga
1707:Madhyamaka
1600:Deva realm
1495:Mindstream
1445:Bodhicitta
1357:Aṅgulimāla
1224:Devadatta
1200:Yaśodharā
1103:The Buddha
1093:Middle Way
697:Petavatthu
651:Six Realms
559:References
535:Petavatthu
433:Petavatthu
427:under the
402:East Asian
354:Vietnamese
340:urabon-kyō
284:Wade–Giles
246:the Buddha
147:Wade–Giles
3601:Festivals
3581:Buddhists
3543:Theosophy
3346:Symbolism
3336:Hama yumi
3309:Bodh Gaya
3076:Socialism
3051:Evolution
3026:Economics
2864:Venezuela
2779:Australia
2774:Argentina
2698:Sri Lanka
2693:Singapore
2611:Indonesia
2573:Countries
2514:Tripiṭaka
2476:Ajahn Mun
2351:Nagarjuna
2346:Aśvaghoṣa
2229:Anagārika
2224:Śrāmaṇerī
2219:Śrāmaṇera
2214:Bhikkhunī
2174:Sotāpanna
2063:Passaddhi
2004:Offerings
1979:Nekkhamma
1856:Iddhipada
1776:Practices
1746:Theravada
1719:Vajrayana
1712:Yogachara
1682:Pure Land
1595:Six Paths
1582:Cosmology
1362:Anuruddha
1337:Sāriputta
1327:Kaundinya
1319:Disciples
1294:Vajrapāṇi
1146:Footprint
1111:Tathāgata
916:Cambridge
709:Mahavamsa
649:See also
564:Citations
505:East Asia
475:Pravarana
460:achieves
437:Sāriputta
3619:Category
3548:Violence
3518:Hinduism
3466:Sanskrit
3421:Hinayana
3406:Amitābha
3366:Swastika
3235:Uposatha
3225:Holidays
3210:Calendar
3056:Humanism
2894:Kanishka
2884:Timeline
2708:Thailand
2676:Kalmykia
2671:Buryatia
2656:Pakistan
2641:Mongolia
2636:Maldives
2631:Malaysia
2596:Cambodia
2461:Shamarpa
2456:Nichiren
2406:Xuanzang
2341:Nagasena
2259:Rinpoche
1989:Pāramitā
1831:Devotion
1751:Navayana
1739:Dzogchen
1702:Nichiren
1650:Mahayana
1642:Branches
1520:Saṅkhāra
1269:Mañjuśrī
1226:(cousin)
1218:(cousin)
1186:(mother)
1178:(father)
1166:Miracles
1116:Birthday
1033:Glossary
1006:Buddhism
952:《佛說盂蘭盆經》
754:: 297–8.
590:located.
519:See also
452:Contents
417:Sanskrit
362:Mahayana
360:), is a
54:century)
3596:Temples
3576:Buddhas
3538:Science
3528:Judaism
3523:Jainism
3441:Lineage
3401:Abhijñā
3371:Thangka
3314:Sarnath
3299:Lumbini
3220:Funeral
3215:Cuisine
3091:Culture
3066:Reality
3016:Creator
3006:Atomism
2876:History
2849:Ukraine
2809:Germany
2728:Senegal
2718:Vietnam
2646:Myanmar
2446:Shinran
2436:Karmapa
2411:Shandao
2381:Dignāga
2306:Śrāvaka
2286:Donchee
2281:Kappiya
2239:Sayadaw
2209:Bhikkhu
2184:Anāgāmi
2141:Nirvana
2107:Samadhi
1994:Paritta
1935:Tonglen
1930:Mandala
1885:Smarana
1866:Mantras
1814:Upekkha
1784:Bhavana
1734:Shingon
1687:Tiantai
1540:Tathātā
1530:Śūnyatā
1525:Skandha
1515:Saṃsāra
1510:Rebirth
1485:Kleshas
1475:Indriya
1377:Subhūti
1262:Guanyin
1216:Ānanda
1208:Rāhula
1088:Nirvana
1028:Outline
948:at SFSU
807:: 293.
719:across
580:大正新脩大藏經
462:abhijñā
421:Chinese
411:History
390:Abhijñā
3591:Sutras
3586:Suttas
3451:Siddhi
3436:Koliya
3411:Brahmā
3326:Poetry
3272:Mantra
3262:Kasaya
3134:Pagoda
3114:Kyaung
3109:Vihāra
3104:Temple
3046:Ethics
2889:Ashoka
2839:Sweden
2834:Poland
2829:Norway
2819:Mexico
2804:France
2789:Canada
2784:Brazil
2723:Africa
2703:Taiwan
2666:Russia
2591:Bhutan
2551:Vinaya
2431:Naropa
2421:Saraha
2356:Asanga
2112:Prajñā
2021:Refuge
1984:Nianfo
1945:Tertön
1940:Tantra
1925:Ganana
1915:Tukdam
1841:Dhyāna
1809:Mudita
1804:Karuṇā
1697:Risshū
1692:Huayan
1625:Naraka
1565:Anattā
1560:Dukkha
1555:Anicca
1460:Dharma
1412:Channa
1347:Ānanda
1332:Assaji
1299:Skanda
1202:(wife)
1171:Family
1151:Relics
1076:Sangha
1071:Dharma
1066:Buddha
922:
897:
868:
617:: 289.
485:Legacy
471:sangha
398:Buddha
344:Korean
328:pinyin
52:
3563:Lists
3431:Kalpa
3426:Iddhi
3289:Music
3284:Mudra
3250:Vassa
3230:Vesak
3200:Budai
3146:Candi
3129:Stupa
3061:Logic
2814:Italy
2713:Tibet
2651:Nepal
2621:Korea
2616:Japan
2606:India
2601:China
2546:Sutra
2501:Texts
2451:Dōgen
2441:Hōnen
2426:Atiśa
2391:Zhiyi
2301:Achar
2269:Tulku
2264:Geshe
2249:Rōshi
2234:Ajahn
2189:Arhat
2149:Bodhi
2119:Vīrya
2036:Sacca
2031:Satya
2026:Sādhu
2014:Music
1957:Merit
1950:Terma
1910:Zazen
1846:Faith
1799:Mettā
1480:Karma
1440:Bardo
1407:Asita
1397:Khema
1387:Upāli
1372:Nanda
1210:(son)
1184:Māyā
1161:Films
1038:Index
962:, by
879:(PDF)
862:(PDF)
834:vassa
797:(PDF)
744:(PDF)
721:South
705:preta
667:(PDF)
607:(PDF)
513:Japan
501:China
479:vassa
466:preta
441:preta
419:into
394:preta
365:sutra
242:Sutra
108:Sutra
50:(19th
3461:Pāḷi
3446:Māra
3356:Flag
2757:Iran
2681:Tuva
2626:Laos
2254:Lama
2102:Śīla
2070:Śīla
2058:Pīti
2048:Sati
1999:Puja
1920:Koan
1826:Dāna
1417:Yasa
1304:Tārā
920:ISBN
895:ISBN
866:ISBN
723:and
695:The
349:우란분경
323:盂蘭盆經
308:The
3183:Art
3119:Wat
1655:Zen
805:XVI
752:XVI
675:XVI
615:XVI
511:in
499:in
429:Jin
423:by
384:,
225:盂兰盆
198:盂蘭盆
91:盂兰盆
70:盂蘭盆
3648::
2685:ru
914:,
803:.
799:.
750:.
746:.
673:.
669:.
613:.
609:.
515:.
356::
346::
338::
330::
320::
2687:)
2683:(
1901:)
1897:(
992:e
985:t
978:v
929:.
904:.
883:.
316:(
230:》
228:经
222:说
219:佛
217:《
203:》
201:經
195:說
192:佛
190:《
96:》
94:经
89:《
75:》
73:經
68:《
20:)
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