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Smith, Hayden B.; Dal Grande, Francesco; Muggia, Lucia; Keuler, Rachel; Divakar, Pradeep K.; Grewe, Felix; Schmitt, Imke; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten; Leavitt, Steven D. (2020). "Metagenomic data reveal diverse fungal and algal communities associated with the lichen symbiosis".
721:
702:
202:. They are edible when properly prepared; soaking extensively and boiling with changes of water removes the bitterness and purgative properties. They have been used as a
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Davydov, Evgeny A.; Yakovchenko, Lidia S.; Urbanavichene, Irina; Konoreva, Liudmila; Chesnokov, Sergey; Kharpukhaeva, Tatiana; Obermayer, Walter (2020). "
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that grow on rocks. They are widely distributed, including on bare rock in
Antarctica, and throughout northern parts of North America such as
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in extreme cases when other food sources were unavailable, as by early
American northern explorers.
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with an East Asian distribution: morphological delimitation and molecular evidence".
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comb. nov., a south-western
European endemic species of the subgenus
182:
140:
83:
1019:
1207:
1116:
693:
186:
164:
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group from Alaska and the
Pacific Northwest of North America".
1103:
672:(J.C.Wei & Y.M.Jiang) Davydov, Peršoh & Rambold (2018)
1307:
1032:
822:. Harrisburg, PA: Stackpole Books. p. 184.
612:(J.C.Wei) Davydov, Peršoh & Rambold (2018)
318:(J.C.Wei) Davydov, Peršoh & Rambold (2018)
1327:
905:
903:
8:
933:Davydov, Evgeny A.; Masson, Didier (2022). "
910:McCune, B. (2018). "Two new species in the
734:mushroom gathering at Kumano in Kishu") by
379:(Frey) Davydov, Peršoh & Rambold (2018)
1334:
1320:
1020:
429:Krzew., M.P.Martín & M.A.García (2009)
40:
31:
794:
491:McCune, Di Meglio & M.J.Curtis (2014)
449:(Harm.) E.A.Davydov & D.Masson (2022)
853:The Complete Guide to Edible Wild Plants
602:(Llano) D.J.Galloway & Sancho (2005)
764:
682:
885:
712:'s men on their journey back from the
7:
1288:
1286:
1231:924c8a67-0d5a-4d55-8ccf-9d2669c02db2
858:United States Department of the Army
808:
806:
25:
819:Field Guide to Edible Wild Plants
1290:
742:
720:
701:
685:
582:(Frey & Poelt) Krzew. (2010)
481:D.J.Galloway & Sancho (2005)
60:
218:and a restorative medicine in
214:is commonly used as a food in
1:
708:Lichens of the type eaten by
1306:. You can help Knowledge by
220:traditional Chinese medicine
369:(Sw. ex Westr.) Ach. (1794)
238:Poelt & T.H.Nash (1993)
1379:
1285:
787:10.1007/s13199-020-00699-4
399:Sancho & Krzew. (2009)
258:Frey & I.M.Lamb (1939)
1002:10.1017/s0024282920000389
955:10.1017/s0024282921000475
728:Kishū kumano iwatake tori
608:Umbilicaria sinorientalis
558:Umbilicaria propagulifera
155:
148:
57:Scientific classification
55:
48:
39:
34:
642:(Lightf.) Schrad. (1794)
501:(Zahlbr.) H.Magn. (1937)
497:Umbilicaria nylanderiana
456:Umbilicaria muhlenbergii
668:Umbilicaria xizangensis
548:Umbilicaria proboscidea
487:Umbilicaria nodulospora
477:Umbilicaria murihikuana
466:Umbilicaria multistrata
1302:-related article is a
978:Umbilicaria orientalis
935:Umbilicaria meizospora
912:Umbilicaria torrefacta
892:: CS1 maint: others (
638:Umbilicaria torrefacta
622:Ehrh. ex Hoffm. (1796)
618:Umbilicaria spodochroa
592:(Du Rietz) Frey (1931)
568:Umbilicaria pulvinaria
538:Umbilicaria polyrrhiza
528:Umbilicaria polyphylla
507:Umbilicaria orientalis
445:Umbilicaria meizospora
385:Umbilicaria hyperborea
359:(Miyoshi) Minks (1900)
328:(Vill.) Zahlbr. (1932)
304:Umbilicaria cylindrica
294:Umbilicaria crustulosa
254:Umbilicaria antarctica
158:Umbilicaria hyperborea
50:Umbilicaria hyperborea
1363:Lecanoromycetes stubs
628:Umbilicaria subglabra
578:Umbilicaria rhizinata
435:Umbilicaria mammulata
415:Umbilicaria leiocarpa
375:Umbilicaria hispanica
355:Umbilicaria esculenta
324:Umbilicaria decussata
314:Umbilicaria daliensis
234:Umbilicaria americana
211:Umbilicaria esculenta
864:. 2009. p. 86.
751:Umbilicaria havaasii
658:Umbilicaria virginis
572:(Savicz) Frey (1931)
425:Umbilicaria maculata
405:Umbilicaria isidiosa
389:(Ach.) Hoffm. (1796)
244:Umbilicaria angulata
980:– a new species of
862:Skyhorse Publishing
632:(Nyl.) Harm. (1910)
598:Umbilicaria robusta
562:(Vain.) Lano (1950)
552:(L.) Schrad. (1794)
460:(Ach.) Tuck. (1845)
439:(Ach.) Tuck. (1848)
395:Umbilicaria iberica
365:Umbilicaria hirsuta
284:Umbilicaria bigleri
274:Umbilicaria arctica
648:Umbilicaria vellea
588:Umbilicaria rigida
532:(L.) Baumg. (1790)
338:(L.) Baumg. (1790)
334:Umbilicaria deusta
308:(L.) Delise (1830)
298:(Ach.) Lamy (1879)
278:(Ach.) Nyl. (1859)
264:Umbilicaria aprina
1315:
1314:
1280:
1279:
1239:Open Tree of Life
1026:Taxon identifiers
990:The Lichenologist
943:The Lichenologist
871:978-1-60239-692-0
518:Umbilicaria phaea
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16:(Redirected from
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781:(1–2): 133–147.
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714:Coppermine River
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696:) with pine nuts
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652:(L.) Ach. (1794)
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200:Rocky Mountains
168:
167:) Hoffm. (1796)
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124:Umbilicariaceae
104:Lecanoromycetes
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27:Genus of fungi
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1358:Lichen genera
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860:. New York:
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736:Hiroshige II
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692:Rock Tripe (
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248:Tuck. (1848)
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181:for various
174:
173:
156:
150:Type species
134:
133:
49:
29:
1353:Umbilicaria
1164:iNaturalist
1064:Umbilicaria
1058:Wikispecies
1034:Umbilicaria
982:Umbilicaria
949:(1): 1–12.
922:(6): 65–77.
513:– East Asia
288:Frey (1949)
268:Nyl. (1869)
204:famine food
196:New England
191:Umbilicaria
179:common name
135:Umbilicaria
35:Rock tripe
18:Umbilicaria
1347:Categories
759:References
419:DC. (1805)
175:Rock tripe
94:Ascomycota
90:Division:
1125:FloraBase
1073:AusLichen
1010:229051585
963:246828542
888:cite book
880:277203364
775:Symbiosis
80:Kingdom:
74:Eukaryota
1203:MycoBank
1138:Fungorum
1078:30020207
1049:Q3774847
1043:Wikidata
816:(1974).
451:– Europe
198:and the
120:Family:
70:Domain:
1182:1064458
1156:2600611
732:Iwatake
679:Gallery
226:Species
185:of the
183:lichens
177:is the
130:Genus:
110:Order:
100:Class:
1270:956818
1257:UMBIL2
1252:PLANTS
1244:537962
1228:NZOR:
1195:191815
1117:1UMBIG
1008:
984:subg.
961:
878:
868:
838:799792
836:
826:
143:(1789)
141:Hoffm.
1298:This
1265:WoRMS
1177:IRMNG
1169:59968
1130:27570
1104:16628
1006:S2CID
959:S2CID
694:seogi
187:genus
84:Fungi
1304:stub
1208:5666
1190:ITIS
1151:GBIF
1143:5666
1112:EPPO
1091:84R8
894:link
876:OCLC
866:ISBN
834:OCLC
824:ISBN
165:Ach.
1216:NBN
1099:EoL
1086:CoL
998:doi
951:doi
941:".
791:hdl
783:doi
222:.
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793::
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163:(
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
