69:
particular site are not invalidated by conflicts or misunderstandings with other local, state or federal regulations. UECA seeks to make sure environmental covenants are preserved and enforceable over a very long term against successive owners by applying traditional real estate law. Part of the philosophy is that if all parties to the covenant are confident that site-appropriate activity and use limitations in the covenant will be enforced, it is more likely that environmental regulators and the owners of contaminated real property will allow those properties to be developed, rather than continue to stand as abandoned and dangerous areas. It is hoped that redevelopment of the property, particularly in
America's urban centers, will help revitalize those cities and serve the economic and social interests of their residents.
1548:
1562:
68:
According to the NCCUSL, UECA does not specify what the controls on a particular property should be, what cleanup level is appropriate, or whether a responsible party should be released from cleanup liability. The purpose of UECA is rather to ensure that future LUCs which have been created for a
64:
prior to clearing it for reuse. These LUCs or AULs may list prohibitions on future uses (i.e. no residential housing or child care facilities), requirements for ongoing monitoring and remediation (i.e. monitoring and vapor extraction wells) or note protective structures and engineered controls.
304:
Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Michigan, Montana, New
Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Oregon, Puerto Rico, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Vermont, Wisconsin, Wyoming
210:
This section is intended to name the governmental agency which will maintain a master registry of all environmental covenants as a public record. The registry should include amendments and termination of those covenants. Information requirements for the registry are listed.
135:(1) Requirements for notice following transfer of a specified interest in, or concerning proposed changes in use of, applications for building permits for, or proposals for any site work affecting the contamination on, the property subject to the covenant
77:
Following is brief summary of each section of the UECA proposed by the NCCUSL. For the exact meaning of a section you should refer to the original draft text. Comments on the meaning and purpose appear at the end of each section.
154:
A covenant runs with the land and is enforcable even in a number of listed circumstances. Property instruments recorded before passage of UECA are not invalidated by the act if otherwise enforceable.
141:(4) A brief narrative description of the contamination and remedy, including the contaminants of concern, the pathways of exposure, limits on exposure, and the location and extent of the contamination
162:
The act may prohibit land uses otherwise allowed by local zoning in the surrounding area but cannot be used to allow property usages otherwise prohibited by zoning or similar local ordinances.
29:
56:, there are occasionally issues requiring a long-term Land Use Control (LUC) or Activity Use Limitation (AUL) which regulatory officials seek to have recorded on the
40:
when real estate is transferred from one owner to another. The
Uniform Law Commissioners completed the proposed act in 2003. Several states have adopted the Act.
121:(5) A signature by the agency, every holder, and unless waived by the agency, every owner of the fee simple of the real property subject to the covenant
1529:
119:(4) Identification of every holder (i.e. current owners, parties with ongoing responsibility, regulatory agencies, and/or local governmental bodies)
347:
123:(6) The name and location of any administrative record for the environmental response project reflected in the environmental covenant
955:
513:
412:
1069:
938:
1524:
871:
772:
113:(1) A statement that the instrument is an environmental covenant executed pursuant to the Uniform Environmental Covenant Act
1031:
665:
384:
332:
321:
1191:
670:
1186:
1161:
660:
178:
The covenant and any amendments to it must be registered all counties in which the property it affects is located.
1244:
49:
170:
A copy of the covenant must be provided to all owners, agencies or entities having an interest in the property.
1039:
1021:
690:
143:(5) Limitation on amendment or termination of the covenant in addition to those contained in Sections 9 and 10
32:, a non-profit, American unincorporated association. The act is intended to provide clear rules for perpetual
139:(3) Rights of access to the property granted in connection with implementation or enforcement of the covenant
1414:
1201:
675:
1469:
1454:
1602:
1573:
1166:
844:
655:
1294:
640:
202:
Certain prescribed parties may seek civil action to enforce aspects of the environmental covenants.
1449:
589:
506:
53:
145:(6) Rights of the holder in addition to its right to enforce the covenant pursuant to Section 11
1264:
923:
777:
762:
740:
484:
464:
417:
407:
248:
Delaware, Iowa, Kentucky, Maine, Maryland, Nebraska, Nevada, Ohio, South Dakota, West
Virginia
1249:
1171:
1009:
752:
747:
700:
625:
619:
459:
377:
233:
If one part of the act is found unenforceable, other portions may continue to be enforcable.
1254:
1221:
720:
584:
579:
544:
57:
1503:
1476:
1464:
1444:
1378:
1373:
1356:
1336:
1331:
1311:
1176:
1156:
1151:
1054:
1014:
725:
650:
574:
559:
479:
37:
1580:
1388:
1306:
895:
861:
812:
797:
569:
474:
454:
444:
353:
International City/County
Management Association website on Land Use Controls and AULs
1596:
1434:
1393:
1279:
1259:
1231:
1181:
1146:
1120:
1115:
1108:
1059:
999:
839:
829:
787:
710:
705:
635:
594:
518:
1566:
1316:
1284:
1239:
977:
972:
943:
856:
834:
802:
735:
715:
609:
549:
539:
491:
449:
427:
370:
194:
Environment covenants may be amended or terminated in certain prescribed methods.
115:(2) A legally sufficient description of the real property subject to the covenant
1547:
1488:
1429:
1419:
1216:
1211:
1049:
950:
866:
825:
792:
757:
680:
604:
554:
469:
186:
Environment covenants are perpetual except in certain prescribed circumstances.
33:
25:
137:(2) Requirements for periodic reporting describing compliance with the covenant
1552:
1481:
1361:
1299:
1044:
965:
960:
918:
900:
888:
849:
695:
685:
645:
630:
614:
564:
501:
496:
1459:
1424:
1366:
1341:
1206:
1103:
1091:
1076:
1064:
992:
910:
883:
767:
219:
States that uniformity of similar laws of other states is a consideration.
117:(3) A description of the activity and use limitations on the real property
1508:
1493:
1196:
1081:
878:
422:
255:
District of
Columbia, Hawaii, Idaho, Oklahoma, U.S. Virgin Islands, Utah
357:
1398:
1346:
1326:
1274:
1086:
1004:
820:
782:
730:
225:
RELATION TO ELECTRONIC SIGNATURES IN GLOBAL AND NATIONAL COMMERCE ACT
1498:
1351:
1096:
987:
982:
928:
599:
241:
Updated list also located at the NCCUSL's web page on UECA issues.
1439:
1383:
1289:
1130:
933:
432:
358:
UECA Web(Information here may not be updated in a timely manner)
1321:
1269:
1125:
523:
439:
290:
New Mexico: Introduced as HB 471, Action
Postponed Indefinitely
61:
366:
36:
interests – an environmental covenant – to regulate the use of
393:
348:
The
National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws
48:
When contaminated properties and former industrial sites are
86:
Should be cited as the
Uniform Environmental Covenants Act
30:
National
Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws
262:
Alabama, Minnesota, Missouri, Pennsylvania, Washington
362:
352:
1517:
1407:
1230:
1139:
1030:
909:
811:
532:
400:
129:
An environmental covenant MAY (optionally) contain:
378:
98:NATURE OF RIGHTS; SUBORDINATION OF INTERESTS
8:
287:Introduced but not yet enacted (as of 2019)
385:
371:
363:
301:Not enacted/no information on introduction
217:UNIFORMITY OF APPLICATION AND CONSTRUCTION
1530:History of the American legal profession
107:An environmental covenant MUST contain:
314:
200:ENFORCEMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL COVENANT
152:VALIDITY; EFFECT ON OTHER INSTRUMENTS
7:
192:AMENDMENT OR TERMINATION BY CONSENT
184:DURATION; AMENDMENT BY COURT ACTION
18:Uniform Environmental Covenants Act
160:RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER LAND-USE LAW
104:CONTENTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL COVENANT
14:
514:Restitution and unjust enrichment
1561:
1560:
1546:
1525:History of the legal profession
269:Georgia, Illinois, Mississippi
1:
208:REGISTRY; SUBSTITUTE NOTICE
52:under the supervision of a
1619:
1192:International legal theory
671:International slavery laws
666:International human rights
661:International criminal law
1540:
1245:Administration of justice
1022:Basic structure doctrine
872:Natural and legal rights
753:Public international law
1202:Principle of typicality
676:International trade law
237:UECAs enacted by states
147:
126:
1197:Principle of legality
956:Delegated legislation
656:Intellectual property
133:
111:
1415:Barristers' chambers
1357:Legal representation
1295:Justice of the peace
641:Financial regulation
1450:Election commission
1162:Expressive function
691:Landlord–tenant law
590:Consumer protection
54:governmental agency
1408:Legal institutions
1275:Lawsuit/Litigation
1265:Dispute resolution
1070:Catholic canon law
778:State of emergency
741:Will and testament
465:Law of obligations
418:Constitutional law
408:Administrative law
1590:
1589:
1250:Constitutionalism
1172:Law and economics
1010:Act of parliament
748:Product liability
701:Legal archaeology
626:Environmental law
620:Entertainment law
460:International law
44:Purpose and scope
1610:
1565:
1564:
1563:
1551:
1550:
1374:Question of fact
1255:Criminal justice
585:Construction law
580:Conflict of laws
545:Agricultural law
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294:Planned for 2020
24:) is one of the
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1504:Political party
1477:Legal education
1465:Law enforcement
1445:Court of equity
1403:
1379:Question of law
1332:Practice of law
1312:Judicial review
1226:
1177:Legal formalism
1157:Comparative law
1152:Contract theory
1135:
1055:Legal pluralism
1026:
1015:Act of Congress
939:Executive order
905:
807:
726:Nationality law
651:Immigration law
575:Competition law
528:
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38:brownfield land
28:drafted by the
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896:Legal treatise
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798:Unenforced law
795:
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342:External links
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58:property title
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1394:Trier of fact
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1280:Legal opinion
1278:
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1263:
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1260:Court-martial
1258:
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1232:Jurisprudence
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1116:Socialist law
1114:
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1109:Byzantine law
1107:
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1098:
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1060:Religious law
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1032:Legal systems
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1000:Statutory law
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830:Statutory law
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788:Transport law
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706:Legal fiction
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636:Financial law
634:
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629:
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595:Corporate law
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519:Statutory law
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401:Core subjects
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1603:Uniform Acts
1579:
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1317:Jurisdiction
1285:Legal remedy
1240:Adjudication
1140:Legal theory
978:Ratification
973:Promulgation
944:Proclamation
924:Codification
857:Human rights
845:Divine right
835:Constitution
803:Women in law
721:Military law
716:Marriage law
711:Maritime law
610:Election law
550:Aviation law
540:Abortion law
492:Property law
428:Criminal law
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173:
172:
165:
164:
157:
156:
149:
148:
134:
128:
127:
112:
106:
101:
100:
95:
94:
92:DEFINITIONS
89:
88:
81:
80:
76:
67:
47:
26:uniform acts
21:
17:
15:
1489:Legislature
1420:Bureaucracy
1217:Rule of man
1212:Rule of law
1187:Libertarian
1050:Chinese law
951:Legislation
901:Regulations
889:Law reports
867:Natural law
763:Reparations
758:Refugee law
681:Jurimetrics
622:(Media law)
560:Banking law
555:Amnesty law
533:Disciplines
470:Private law
229:SECTION 15.
223:SECTION 14.
215:SECTION 13.
206:SECTION 12.
198:SECTION 11.
190:SECTION 10.
84:SHORT TITLE
34:real estate
1482:Law school
1362:Prosecutor
1300:Magistrate
1087:Jewish law
1045:Common law
966:Rulemaking
961:Regulation
911:Law making
850:Divine law
826:Legal code
773:Sports law
696:Law of war
646:Health law
631:Family law
615:Energy law
565:Bankruptcy
502:Punishment
497:Public law
309:References
182:SECTION 9.
174:SECTION 8.
166:SECTION 7.
158:SECTION 6.
150:SECTION 5.
102:SECTION 4.
96:SECTION 3.
90:SECTION 2.
82:SECTION 1.
50:remediated
1460:Judiciary
1455:Executive
1430:The bench
1367:Solicitor
1342:Barrister
1222:Sociology
1207:Pseudolaw
1147:Anarchist
1104:Roman law
1092:Parsi law
1077:Hindu law
1065:Canon law
1040:Civil law
993:Concordat
884:Precedent
793:Trust law
768:Space law
605:Drugs law
475:Procedure
413:Civil law
276:Virginia
176:RECORDING
1597:Category
1567:Category
1509:Tribunal
1494:Military
1337:Attorney
1307:Judgment
1167:Feminist
1082:Jain law
879:Case law
600:Cyberlaw
507:Corporal
485:Criminal
455:Evidence
445:Doctrine
423:Contract
333:UECA Web
322:UECA Web
73:Elements
1581:Outline
1518:History
1425:The bar
1399:Verdict
1347:Counsel
1327:Justice
1182:History
1005:Statute
821:Charter
783:Tax law
731:Probate
283:Alaska
1499:Police
1470:Agency
1352:Lawyer
1097:Sharia
988:Treaty
983:Repeal
929:Decree
840:Custom
736:Estate
686:Labour
450:Equity
168:NOTICE
1574:Index
1440:Court
1384:Trial
1290:Judge
1131:Yassa
934:Edict
480:Civil
433:Crime
1322:Jury
1270:Fiqh
1126:Xeer
524:Tort
440:Deed
280:2018
273:2010
266:2008
259:2007
252:2006
245:2005
62:deed
22:UECA
16:The
394:Law
60:or
1599::
828:/
386:e
379:t
372:v
20:(
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