27:
227:
88:. This change was again quickly reversed and the party's ticket appeared on the November 1912 ballot under its old moniker. The party continued in existence but went on hiatus, failing to run a presidential ticket in the elections of 1916, 1920, or 1924. While intimations were made that a presidential ticket would be fielded in 1928, it seems that this plan came to naught and the party expired.
347:
167:
157:
friend of those who labor and a friend of the poor and oppressed and that God hears us when we ask for reform in His name, therefore we ask all his followers, regardness of nationality, creed or color, sex or previous politics to join hands with us in His name at the ballot box in making this a government by and for the people through direct legislation of the people ...
354:
National
Chairman William Rudolph Benkert issued a call for a "national convention" to be held May 1, 1909 at the Watch Tower in Rock Island, Illinois. This gathering was to be held "to confer with one another concerning the will and kingdom of God in earth, in behalf of humanity, as the assembly led
415:
The United
Christian Party remained in existence at least through 1916, holding its annual May Day gatherings in Davenport, Iowa. By decision of the small gatherings, the last of which was held in the home of National Chairman William R. Benkert, no ticket was put in the field for the 1916 campaign.
186:
Individuals were selected to comprise a State
Central Committee to govern the affairs of the United Christian Party in Iowa, one from each of five congressional districts, with no committee members immediately named for the three other congressional districts in the state. Nominees were selected to
403:
In a post-convention statement to the press, Presidential nominee Daniel
Braxton Turney indicated that some 250 delegates, representing 7 states, had been in attendance at the 1912 Rock Island gathering. He declared, with evident hyperbole, that the party was "at least 5,000 percent stronger" than
358:
The convention seems to have increased the organization's association with the personality of its founder, granting to
William R. Benkert the right to personally appoint the members of the party's governing 7-member National Executive Committee. The party reconfirmed its dedication to move forward,
1097:
The United
Christian Party used the terms "Convention" and "Conference" interchangeably. For purposes of this table, a gathering which nominated or reaffirmed a slate of candidates is called a "Convention," a gathering which discussed other issues is called a "Conference." It seems likely that the
399:
The
Presidential ticket of Daniel B. Turney and Samuel G Carter named by the 1911 convention was unanimously reaffirmed by the gathering. The United Christian Party name was to be once again terminated, however, with a new name of "Christian Patriots" selected for the UCP. This change appears once
318:
William
Benkert remained as the organization's National Chairman and D.H. Martin of Pittsburgh as Secretary. The UCP's 1904 platform included planks in favor of direct legislation; opposing war and mob violence; favoring government ownership of oil wells, coal mines, and public utilities; opposing
264:
Beyond this conservative agenda, the party declared in its 1900 platform in favor of certain items commonly associated with progressivism, including proportional representation and the system of initiative and referendum, an end to mob violence, and termination of war in favor of mediation of all
217:
The UCP subsequently regarded the July 4, 1899 date of the convocation of this convention as its moment of foundation, despite the group's previous organizational history. The slate of the United
Christian Party of Iowa appeared on the November 1899 state ballot by virtue of a nominating petition
156:
We believe that it will be impossible to secure direct legislation without a union of all
Christians and all reformers and reform parties, and knowing that there is no higher standard of reform than Christ and no more worthy name to be honored in uniting us than his name, and knowing he is a true
362:
For a time it seemed that the plan for organizational advance was not to take place under the United Christian Party moniker, however, as shortly after the 1909 convention was closed it was announced that the UCP had been absorbed by a new organization called the American Party. This name change
241:
After unanimously approving a resolution to organize a national "Christian political union or party for the application of the Christ principle in state and nation." A second motion to name the organization United Christian Party so as "to conform to the development of the movement in Iowa" was
383:
In addition to its perennial calls for obedience to God and the golden rule, the platform adopted at the 1911 National Convention included calls for "a rightful ground and income tax" and an end to "unsettling of business by unjust tariff legislation." "We disapprove of a standing army and the
371:
The United Christian Party returned on May 1, 1911, to the perennial location for its conventions, the Inn at Black Hawk's Watch Tower in Rock Island, Illinois. The convention predictably reconfirmed party founder William Benkert as National Chairman. In a less predictable move, the convention
77:, who dominated the organization as its National Chairman throughout its entire existence. After running tickets for President and Vice President of the United States under its own name in the elections of 1900, 1904, and 1908, the UCP was briefly absorbed into a new organization called the
120:
In August 1897 an organizational conference was held in Davenport to establish a political organization through which Benkert might advance his political agenda. A subsequent conference helping to solidify the organization was held in the neighboring town of
384:
expense of further preparation for war," the platform noted. The convention again yielded plenipotentiary authority to its longtime National Chairman, granting to Benkert the power to unilaterally select State Chairmen in each state.
372:
anticipated modern American electoral politics by nominating young minister Daniel Braxton Turney to head the UCP ticket for a second time in the campaign for president at the November 1912 election — still more than 18 months away.
182:
which requested that the convention name a 10-member delegation to attend a joint convention held at some future time to be determined in the following year to name a ticket for a national campaign in the November 1900 election.
140:, Benkert's program declared the United Christian Party to be a "party of reform" in favor of "whatever tends to make men and women intelligent and virtuous." Such reforms were envisioned to be enabled by the establishment of
419:
In 1927 the tenacious National Chairman William R. Benkert announced plans for a conference to name a candidate for the 1928 campaign, with Judge W.S. Kenyon of Iowa Benkert's personal choice for the nomination.
1151:
62:. By 1904 the organization advocated government ownership of key natural resources and public utilities and an opposition to monopolistic forms of economic ownership in accord with the
265:
international disputes. The UCP also expressed support for public ownership of utilities as well as for direct election of the President and Vice President of the United States.
315:
should be applied to all government by and for the people" in its convention call for its May 1904 National Convention, and made use of similar slogans in subsequent campaigns.
199:
for Lieutenant-Governor, in addition to nominees for other state offices. A short platform, borrowing heavily from William R. Benkert's previous draft document, was approved.
319:
government profiting from the liquor trade via taxation of alcoholic beverages; and opposing "all trusts and combines contrary to the welfare of the common people."
1141:
1136:
486:
Held at Goldstone Hotel. Nominated candidates for Governor of Iowa and other state offices. Subsequently regarded as foundation convention of the organization.
392:
William Benkert's call for a May 1, 1912 National Convention of the UCP was issued in February of that year and indicated that the group sought to "end war and
132:
In the spring of 1898 Benkert came out with a draft national platform which acknowledged "Almighty God and the rightful sovereign of all men and women, and the
280:. Swallow later declined the nomination, however, and party stalwart J.F.R. Leonard was ultimately tapped as the party's presidential nominee in his stead.
178:
for what was touted as the first annual Iowa State Convention of the United Christian Party. The gathering received an official communication from the
300:
249:
We deprecate certain immoral laws which have grown out of the failure of our nation to recognize , notably such as require the desecration of the
359:
naming four national organizers to establish state organizations in preparation for the 1912 Presidential campaign, still three years away.
1156:
1146:
285:
202:
The choice of Heacock for Governor was regarded as peculiar by at least one Des Moines political analyst. Heacock, the publisher of the
257:
The party further called for a ban on the sale of "cigarettes or tobacco in any form" to minors and for daily reading of the Bible in
179:
170:
The Inn at Black Hawk's Watch Tower in Rock Island, Illinois, was the frequent location of conventions of the United Christian Party.
534:
Discussion held about possible convocation of an "international religious and economic convention" to be held in St. Louis in 1904.
396:, and to settle tariff, liquor, trust, and high cost of living questions by direct vote of the people and by the Golden Rule."
277:
242:
approved by a vote of 20 to 5, with the names Christian Political Union and Christian Union Party drawing minority support.
253:, authorize unscriptural marriage and divorce, and license the manufacture and sale of intoxicating liquors as a beverage.
149:
230:
Rev. Daniel Braxton Turney, 1908 and 1912 candidate of the United Christian Party for President of the United States.
927:
909:
54:
and a conservative social program in its earliest years, the UCP advocated progressive political reform, promoting
20:
1001:
983:
942:
145:
59:
1067:
773:
740:
192:
722:
293:
273:
126:
1037:
1082:
1052:
299:
The Leonard-Martin ticket collected a grand total of 1,059 votes out of approximately 14 million cast in the
210:. Moreover, "it is not claimed that he is a Christian or even a church member," the editor of the Des Moines
102:
70:
30:
Rev. William Rudolph Benkert was the originator and longtime National Chairman of the United Christian Party.
834:
416:
The hiatus proved to be an extended one, with no ticket being put forward in the campaigns of 1920 or 1924.
250:
758:
335:
of Iowa for Vice President. William R. Benkert remained in place as National Chairman of the organization.
328:
698:
377:
943:"It Was 10 Cents Instead of $ 10: Daniel Braxton Turney Modestly Corrects Error in Good Samaritan Story,"
617:
601:
574:
558:
526:
510:
494:
350:
Katherine M. Benkert, wife of UCP National Chairman William Benkert, was Secretary of the party in 1909.
235:
373:
542:
1161:
891:
393:
141:
723:"End of the Convention: State Meeting of United Christian Party Adjourns, First Annual Session,"
26:
1116:
1019:
821:"National Party Platforms: The United Christian," in Thomas B. Cochran with Herman P. Miller,
582:
Put 4 National Organizers into the field for party-building in preparation for 1912 campaign.
1068:"United Christians Not in Field: Party Decides Not to Have Presidential Candidate This Year,"
19:"Christian Patriots" redirects here. For the contemporary American nationalist movement, see
1020:"Turney Not on Ticket in His Home State; United Christian Party Candidate Gets Dates Mixed,"
928:"New Honor for Mr. Turney: Decatur Man on National Executive Committee for Christian Party,"
518:
Discussion held about possible convocation of a St. Louis international conference in 1903.
478:
463:
269:
175:
166:
122:
55:
1111:
The Voters' Looking-Glass: And Declaration of the Principles of the United Christian Party.
648:
633:
448:
281:
196:
106:
74:
39:
970:"United Christian Party Convention," in George Edward Plumbe and James Langland (eds.),
797:"National Nominating Conventions in 1900: United Christian Party," in George E. Plumbe,
125:, and planning began almost immediately for a national convention to be held in a major
332:
188:
699:"United Christian Party: A Proposal to Hold a National Convention in the Near Future,"
226:
1130:
289:
43:
206:
was at the time serving a six-month jail sentence following conviction for criminal
1002:"Daniel B. is the Unanimous Choice: Decatur Man Chosen to Lead Christian Patriots,"
825:
Harrisburg, PA: William Stanley Ray, State Printer of Pennsylviania, 1901; pg. 565.
625:
Reaffirmed nominations made for President and Vice-President of the United States.
346:
258:
114:
862:"Platform of the United Christian Party, Adopted at St. Louis, Mo., May 2, 1904,"
296:
finally assented, becoming the second name listed on the party's November ticket.
136:
as the ruler among the nations of the earth." Having made this tip of the hat to
312:
218:
campaign which garnered 961 signatures — enough to meet statutory requirements.
63:
245:
The convention approved a platform of a socially conservative bent, declaring:
355:
by His Spirit, and governed by His command of love, may we see and act upon."
759:"Meet in St. Louis May 1: Christian Party Will Name Candidate for President,"
400:
again to have been rapidly abandoned in favor of the established party name.
1053:"United Christian Party to Meet: D.B. Turney Not Yet Certain of Presidency,"
823:
Smull's Legislative Hand Book and Manual of the State of Pennsylvania, 1901.
609:
Nominated candidates for President and Vice-President of the United States.
566:
Nominated candidates for President and Vice-President of the United States.
550:
Nominated candidates for President and Vice-President of the United States.
502:
Nominated candidates for President and Vice-President of the United States.
137:
51:
774:"Ticket is Filed: Secretary Dobson Accepts United Christian Party Filings,"
187:
represent the party in the 1899 Iowa elections, topped by C. C. Heacock of
1038:"Strenuous Time at Party Convention: Candidate Turney Worn Out by Strain,"
363:
proved short-lived, however, and the old organizational name was resumed.
110:
50:
in August 1897. Although superficially professing an orientation towards
288:, but he, too, later declined the nomination, to be replaced by Rev.
878:"National Nominating Conventions in 1908," in James Langland (ed.),
84:
In 1912 another very short-lived name change was made, this time to
407:
The UCP ticket appeared on the ballot in about 20 states in 1912.
345:
284:
of Illinois was unanimously chosen as the new party's nominee for
225:
207:
165:
133:
109:
moved to action by what he perceived to be the nation's declining
25:
47:
380:
was selected as Turney's 1912 Vice Presidential running mate.
338:
The ticket polled about 12,000 in the November 1908 election.
989:
vol. 72A, no. 53, 4 O'clock Edition (Feb. 23, 1912), pg. 26.
676:
Others: Third Parties During the Populist Period: Volume II.
234:
The UCP held a national convention from May 1 to 2, 1900 in
311:
The United Christian Party began touting the notion that "
1123:
Chicago: Chicago Daily News Co., 1901; pp. 106–107.
728:, vol. 16, no. 162, Third Edition (July 5, 1899), pg. 3.
1121:
The Daily News Almanac and Political Register for 1901.
799:
The Daily News Almanac and Political Register for 1901.
892:"Vice Presidential Nominee of United Christian Party,"
101:
The United Christian Party was the brainchild of Rev.
1083:"Kenyon is United Christian Choice, Reports Benkert,"
427:
972:Chicago Daily News Almanac and Year-Book for 1912.
835:"Few Presidents Had More Than One Christian Name,"
327:In 1908 the United Christian Party nominated Rev.
801:Chicago: Chicago Daily News Co., 1901; pp. 92-93.
1152:Defunct progressive parties in the United States
656:Held at home of National Chairman W.R. Benkert.
276:was unanimously nominated by the convention for
974:Chicago: Chicago Daily News Co., 1911; pg. 263.
882:Chicago: Chicago Daily News Co., 1908; pg. 193.
1113:Grove City, PA: Lawrence Printing House, 1901.
866:New York: Press Publishing Co., 1904; pg. 109.
853:New York: Press Publishing Co., 1904; pg. 100.
292:, who also later declined. David H. Martin of
849:"United Christian Party National Committee,"
8:
1033:
1031:
1098:group met annually for its entire duration.
736:
734:
1088:vol. 72, no. 162 (April 17, 1927), pg. 15.
997:
995:
915:, vol. 26, no. 14 (April 10, 1909), pg. 2.
793:
791:
789:
787:
785:
694:
692:
690:
688:
686:
684:
1117:"United Christian Party Platform - 1900,"
1015:
1013:
948:vol. 28, no. 209 (July 17, 1909), pg. 11.
864:The World Almanac and Encyclopedia, 1905.
851:The World Almanac and Encyclopedia, 1905.
764:, vol. 1, no. 207 (Dec. 22, 1903), pg. 3.
754:
752:
746:, vol. 16, no. 165 (July 8, 2015), pg. 4.
238:. About 25 delegates were in attendance.
81:in 1909 before resuming its former name.
1073:, vol. 38, no. 125 (May 4, 1916), pg. 9.
1043:, vol. 34, no. 128 (May 7, 1912), pg. 6.
1007:, vol. 34, no. 122 (May 1, 1912), pg. 1.
966:
964:
962:
960:
958:
956:
954:
923:
921:
817:
815:
813:
811:
809:
807:
144:through implementation of the system of
1058:vol. 38, no. 99 (April 6, 1915), pg. 4.
933:vol. 28, no. 226 (May 5, 1909), pg. 10.
905:
903:
897:vol. 9, no. 342 (May 12, 1912), pg. 23.
779:vol. 16, no. 238 (Oct. 2, 1899), pg. 2.
718:
716:
714:
712:
710:
667:
174:On July 4, 1899, delegates gathered in
1142:Political parties in the United States
1025:vol. 32, no. 6 (Oct. 10, 1912), pg. 6.
874:
872:
404:it had been during the 1908 campaign.
1137:Political parties established in 1897
152:. Benkert's draft platform declared:
105:, a minister at the Church of God in
7:
678:New York: iUniverse, 2007; pg. 303.
69:The UCP was the brainchild of Rev.
14:
704:vol. 8 (April 24, 1898), pg. 4.
113:and called for a return to the
1086:Davenport Democrat and Leader,
331:of Illinois for President and
278:President of the United States
1:
910:"National Convention Called,"
880:Daily News Almanac for 1909.
652:
647:
644:
637:
632:
629:
621:
616:
613:
605:
600:
597:
591:
589:
586:
578:
573:
570:
562:
557:
554:
546:
541:
538:
530:
525:
522:
514:
509:
506:
498:
493:
490:
482:
477:
474:
467:
462:
459:
452:
447:
444:
1157:1897 establishments in Iowa
1147:Christian political parties
1119:in George E. Plumbe (ed.),
150:proportional representation
1178:
475:1st Iowa State Convention
460:Organizational Conference
445:Organizational Conference
193:John Fitz Randolph Leonard
162:1899 Iowa State Convention
58:through implementation of
21:Christian Patriot movement
18:
984:"Odd Bits of Daily News,"
645:1916 National Conference
630:1915 National Conference
614:1912 National Convention
598:1911 National Convention
587:1910 National Conference
571:1909 National Conference
555:1908 National Convention
539:1904 National Convention
523:1903 National Conference
507:1902 National Conference
491:1900 National Convention
436:
433:
430:
301:November general election
146:initiative and referendum
60:initiative and referendum
42:first established in the
388:1912 National Convention
367:1911 National Convention
342:1909 National Convention
323:1908 National Convention
307:1904 National Convention
294:Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
274:Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
222:1900 National Convention
913:Adams County Free Press
840:. Nov. 15, 1912, pg. 4.
702:Davenport Daily Leader,
103:William Rudolph Benkert
71:William Rudolph Benkert
378:Howard Lake, Minnesota
351:
255:
231:
191:for Governor and Rev.
171:
159:
92:Organizational history
36:United Christian Party
31:
618:Rock Island, Illinois
602:Rock Island, Illinois
575:Rock Island, Illinois
559:Rock Island, Illinois
527:Rock Island, Illinois
511:Rock Island, Illinois
495:Rock Island, Illinois
440:Notes and references
349:
329:Daniel Braxton Turney
247:
236:Rock Island, Illinois
229:
180:National Reform Party
169:
154:
29:
313:Christ's golden rule
204:Brighton Enterprise,
543:St. Louis, Missouri
1105:Party publications
895:Indianapolis Star,
777:Iowa Daily Capital
744:Daily Iowa Capital
726:Daily Iowa Capital
674:Darcy Richardson,
394:capital punishment
352:
232:
212:Iowa Daily Capital
172:
142:direct legislation
86:Christian Patriots
32:
16:US political party
660:
659:
251:Christian Sabbath
134:Lord Jesus Christ
117:moral tradition.
1169:
1099:
1095:
1089:
1080:
1074:
1065:
1059:
1050:
1044:
1035:
1026:
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934:
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876:
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832:
826:
819:
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795:
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771:
765:
756:
747:
738:
729:
720:
705:
696:
679:
672:
479:Des Moines, Iowa
464:Washington, Iowa
428:
374:Samuel C. Carter
270:Silas C. Swallow
176:Des Moines, Iowa
123:Washington, Iowa
56:direct democracy
1177:
1176:
1172:
1171:
1170:
1168:
1167:
1166:
1127:
1126:
1107:
1102:
1096:
1092:
1081:
1077:
1066:
1062:
1056:Decatur Review,
1051:
1047:
1036:
1029:
1023:Decatur Herald,
1018:
1011:
1000:
993:
987:Brooklyn Eagle,
982:
978:
969:
952:
941:
937:
931:Decatur Herald,
926:
919:
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901:
890:
886:
877:
870:
861:
857:
848:
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783:
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739:
732:
721:
708:
697:
682:
673:
669:
665:
649:Davenport, Iowa
634:Davenport, Iowa
483:July 4–5, 1899
453:August 7, 1897
449:Davenport, Iowa
426:
413:
390:
369:
344:
325:
309:
282:John G. Woolley
224:
164:
107:Davenport, Iowa
99:
94:
75:Davenport, Iowa
40:political party
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1175:
1173:
1165:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1129:
1128:
1125:
1124:
1114:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1100:
1090:
1075:
1060:
1045:
1027:
1009:
991:
976:
950:
946:Decatur Herald
935:
917:
899:
884:
868:
855:
842:
827:
803:
781:
766:
748:
730:
706:
680:
666:
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651:
646:
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623:
620:
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611:
610:
607:
604:
599:
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588:
584:
583:
580:
577:
572:
568:
567:
564:
561:
556:
552:
551:
548:
547:May 1–2, 1904
545:
540:
536:
535:
532:
529:
524:
520:
519:
516:
513:
508:
504:
503:
500:
499:May 1–2, 1900
497:
492:
488:
487:
484:
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441:
438:
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412:
409:
389:
386:
368:
365:
343:
340:
333:Lorenzo Coffin
324:
321:
308:
305:
286:Vice President
259:public schools
223:
220:
163:
160:
98:
95:
93:
90:
79:American Party
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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839:
836:
831:
828:
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742:
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731:
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724:
719:
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703:
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424:Conventions
411:Final years
64:Golden Rule
1131:Categories
838:York Daily
127:Midwestern
1162:Theocrats
663:Footnotes
434:Location
214:scolded.
197:Ainsworth
138:theocracy
115:Christian
52:theocracy
46:state of
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44:American
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563:1908
468:1898
437:Date
268:Rev.
208:libel
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