202:
10,896,066 (60.8%) out of a population of 17,927,609. There were 5,292,551 (48.6% of total attendants) attending Church of
England services, 4,536,264 (41.6%) attending other Protestant churches, and 383,630 (3.5%) attending Catholic services. This was a unique experiment, not repeated at any later census.
254:
The 1851 census is seen as one of the key sources for
British genealogical research of the nineteenth century. The information about the relationship of individuals to the head of household enables relationships between people to be established accurately. Furthermore, the inclusion of exact ages and
240:
Miners die in undue proportions, particularly at the advanced ages, when their strength begins to decline... Tailors die in considerable numbers at the younger ages (25–45)... Labourers' mortality is as nearly the same rate as that of the whole population, except in the very advanced ages, when
258:
An example of the problems encountered is that the census may accurately record a person's place of birth, although their baptism (which may be the only record relating to their birth) may be in a different place. Conversely, a person may have been born and baptised in one place, but brought up in a
177:
and relationship to the head of the household, as well as details of disability being recorded—with a field for recording the information that an individual was "blind, deaf or imbecile". Each individual's exact age was also recorded (to the nearest year) rather than rounding adult ages down to the
263:
by the head of household—and heads of household varied in the conscientiousness with which they elicited information from each person in the household. In cases where a person was born outside the country, only the country of origin is given (not the location within the country). Hence, for
169:
or town of birth as well. The purpose behind asking for this information was to answer one of the critical questions of the time which was the rate and intensity of migration from rural to urban areas. The results confirmed there had been a significant shift from the countryside to the towns.
201:
The
Government also conducted a census in England and Wales of churches and chapels, endowments, sittings, attendance at religious services on Sunday 30 March 1851 and average numbers during the preceding twelve months. Reports were collected from local ministers. The attendance count was
255:
details of each person's place of birth, provides the researcher with a pointer to the location of birth or baptism records. In many cases, this allows the researcher to pin-down the parish of birth with relative ease: in other cases, the situation is not so simple.
224:
The additional information on ages and occupations permitted considerable contemporary analysis of the census data for
England and Wales. Not only were 332 different occupations analysed by age group, but they were also correlated with death records from
152:
The census was held concurrently with a census of religion in
England and Wales, which recorded religious institutions and attendance at religious services on 30 March. The returns for this are also held at The National Archives as class HO 129.
185:
in trade and manufacture were asked to state the word "master" after the description of their occupation and to state the number of men employed on the day of the census. A full transcript of the 1851 Census can be found online.
272:
The 1851 schedules have been digitized and are available at subscription websites. The schedules are of high importance to genealogists since 1851 was the first year in which a place of birth or parish was recorded.
259:
different place, which is the one they remember as their place of origin and duly record it as such in the census. A further problem is that the information about a household was normally provided to the
233:, "to compare the living in each well defined occupation with the number dying registered at the corresponding ages; and thus to determine the influence of employment on health and life".
982:
684:"The Results of the Census of Great Britain in 1851, with a Description of the Machinery and Processes Employed to Obtain the Returns; also an Appendix of Tables of Reference"
181:
In 1851, much greater detail was asked about people's occupations than in previous censuses. This enabled government analysis of occupations into "classes" and "sub-classes".
387:
660:
75:
975:
161:
The 1851 census was the first to record the full details of birth location for individuals. Where 1841 had only recorded if an individual was born in a
135:
1270:
289:
The religious census returns (The
National Archives, HO 129) are available to download free of charge as part of the Digital Microfilm project.
206:
968:
735:
127:
1275:
1208:
461:
313:
1213:
903:
870:
601:
484:
438:
395:
355:
332:
278:
190:
520:
Tomalin, Peter (2004). "The returns to the 1851 religious census by the
Rutland parishes in the Stamford registration district".
95:, providing additional details of ages, relationships and origins, making the 1851 census a rich source of information for both
1198:
1103:
999:
924:
453:
1093:
639:
631:
620:
578:
542:
510:
414:
189:
Full documentation for the 1851 population census, including census forms and enumerator instructions, is available from the
409:. Centre for Local History Record Series. Vol. 7. Nottingham: University of Nottingham, Department of Adult Education.
383:
325:
Religious Life in mid-19th
Century Cambridgeshire and Huntingdonshire: the returns of the 1851 census of religious worship
1244:
991:
942:
919:
139:
88:
91:
to include details of household members. However, this census added considerably to the fields recorded in the earlier
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1280:
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1151:
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1141:
1136:
1131:
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1116:
1111:
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1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1034:
952:
935:
502:
119:
92:
54:
44:
370:
1029:
1024:
1019:
217:
Since the 1841 Census the population of
Ireland had dropped by 1.7 million due to mass starvation caused by the
87:
recorded the people residing in every household on the night of Sunday 30 March 1851, and was the second of the
1234:
293:
590:
The 1851 Census of
Religious Worship: church, chapel and meeting place in mid nineteenth-century Warwickshire
1081:
730:
Christian, P. & Annal, D., 'Census The Expert Guide', The National Archives, 1st Edition (2008), pp 19.
615:. Borthwick Texts & Calendars. Vol. 25, 31, 32. York: Borthwick Institute of Historical Research.
1285:
1039:
430:
274:
218:
264:
example, there are many people in the English census whose place of birth is given simply as "Scotland".
883:
Census of Great Britain, 1851: Religious Worship in England and Wales: abridged from the official report
570:
557:
260:
115:
143:
535:
Church and Chapel in Early Victorian Shropshire: returns from the 1851 Census of Religious Worship
706:
537:. Shropshire Record Series. Vol. 8. Keele: Centre for Local History, University of Keele.
899:
866:
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506:
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457:
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410:
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118:
in 1912 (the 100-year closure rule was not in effect at the time), and is now available from
698:
182:
802:
17:
1249:
1203:
1193:
1014:
846:
593:
476:
347:
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Religious Worship in Norfolk: the 1851 census of accommodation and attendance at worship
858:
226:
174:
327:. Cambridgeshire Records Society. Vol. 21. Cambridge: Cambridge Records Society.
1264:
891:
881:
772:
747:
499:
Church and Chapel in Oxfordshire, 1851: the return of the census of religious worship
230:
100:
96:
1239:
494:
301:
149:
The total population of England, Wales and Scotland was recorded as 21,121,967.
960:
683:
134:
but most of the records have been destroyed; those that remain are held by the
843:
Population Gazetteer of England and Wales and the Islands in the British Seas
308:. Berkshire Record Society. Vol. 14. Reading: Berkshire Record Society.
850:
344:
The Religious Census of Cumbria, 1851: Cumberland, Westmorland and Furness
242:
123:
710:
131:
107:
166:
162:
702:
407:
Religion in Victorian Nottinghamshire: the religious census of 1851
292:
The returns for a number of counties have been published by county
111:
277:
from the 1851 population census are freely available through the
964:
473:
The Religious Census of 1851: Northumberland and County Durham
456:. Vol. 43. Northampton: Northamptonshire Record Society.
138:(for those counties of Ireland which remain in the UK) or the
365:
Tranter, Margery; Barton, David A.; Pauls, Eli, eds. (1995).
245:
apparently affords inadequate relief to the worn-out workman.
613:
Yorkshire Returns of the 1851 Census of Religious Worship
373:. Vol. 23. Chesterfield: Derbyshire Record Society.
896:
People Count: a history of the General Register Office
596:. Vol. 47. Stratford-upon-Avon: Dugdale Society.
173:
The 1851 census was the first to record each person's
380:
Religious Census of Bristol and Gloucestershire, 1851
505:. Vol. 55. Oxford: Oxfordshire Record Society.
1227:
1186:
1165:
1102:
1007:
998:
367:
The Derbyshire Returns to the 1851 Religious Census
71:
66:
32:
388:Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society
560:. Vol. 35. Guildford: Surrey Record Society.
433:. Vol. 62. Norwich: Norfolk Record Society.
238:
573:. Vol. 75. Lewes: Sussex Record Society.
479:. Vol. 216. Woodbridge: Surtees Society.
350:. Vol. 223. Woodbridge: Surtees Society.
27:Census of the population of the United Kingdom
976:
450:The 1851 Religious Census of Northamptonshire
205:The religious census returns are now held in
122:as part of class HO 107. The 1851 census for
8:
803:"Home Office: Ecclesiastical Census Returns"
691:Journal of the Statistical Society of London
1004:
983:
969:
961:
929:
797:
795:
777:The Victorian Church, Part One: 1829–1859
425:Ede, Janet; Virgoe, Norma, eds. (1998).
165:, the 1851 census states the county and
136:Public Record Office of Northern Ireland
652:
236:Examples from his conclusions include:
114:was opened to public inspection at the
29:
748:"The 1851 England & Wales Census"
323:Thompson, David Michael, ed. (2014).
7:
471:Munden, Alan Frederick, ed. (2012).
378:Munden, Alan Frederick, ed. (2015).
342:Munden, Alan Frederick, ed. (2019).
128:General Register Office for Scotland
567:The Religious Census of Sussex 1851
157:Developments from previous censuses
807:Discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/
565:Vickers, John Ashley, ed. (1989).
25:
779:. London: Black. pp. 363–69.
554:The 1851 Religious Census: Surrey
279:North Atlantic Population Project
268:Data availability and publication
229:, allowing statisticians, led by
191:North Atlantic Population Project
221:, as well as emigration abroad.
925:List of United Kingdom censuses
682:Cheshire, Edward (March 1854).
611:Wolffe, John, ed. (2000–2005).
454:Northamptonshire Record Society
405:Watts, Michael J., ed. (1988).
306:Berkshire Religious Census 1851
142:(for those counties now in the
1271:Censuses in the United Kingdom
841:Coke, Charles Anthony (1864).
130:. An 1851 census was taken in
1:
865:. Stroud: Sutton Publishing.
552:Robinson, David, ed. (1997).
533:Field, Clive D., ed. (2004).
448:Ward, Graham S., ed. (2007).
384:Gloucestershire Record Series
85:United Kingdom Census of 1851
992:Census in the United Kingdom
920:Census in the United Kingdom
386:. Vol. 29. Cheltenham:
140:National Archives of Ireland
886:. London: George Routledge.
18:United Kingdom census, 1851
1302:
1276:1851 in the United Kingdom
880:Mann, Horace, ed. (1854).
588:Geary, Keith, ed. (2014).
503:Oxfordshire Record Society
1245:Census Enumerators' Books
949:
940:
932:
371:Derbyshire Record Society
37:
1235:Annual Population Survey
827:Nissell 1987, pp. 62–63.
1209:1969 (Northern Ireland)
663:. The National Archives
431:Norfolk Record Society
247:
571:Sussex Record Society
558:Surrey Record Society
207:The National Archives
120:The National Archives
845:. London: Harrison.
296:and similar bodies.
178:nearest five years.
126:is available at the
116:Public Record Office
106:The 1851 census for
213:Government analysis
144:Republic of Ireland
67:General information
250:Genealogical value
227:civil registration
197:Census of religion
1281:March 1851 events
1258:
1257:
1182:
1181:
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959:
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950:Succeeded by
736:978-1-905615-34-6
261:census enumerator
209:as class HO 129.
81:
80:
61:
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16:(Redirected from
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978:
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933:Preceded by
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898:. London: HMSO.
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497:, ed. (1987).
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50:30 March 1851
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43:←
42:
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19:
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823:
811:. Retrieved
806:
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755:. Retrieved
751:
742:
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714:. Retrieved
697:(1): 45–72.
694:
690:
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665:. Retrieved
655:
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525:
521:
498:
495:Tiller, Kate
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231:William Farr
223:
219:Great Famine
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105:
101:genealogists
97:demographers
84:
82:
49:
1240:Beyond 2011
1187:Census acts
1104:Unpublished
757:19 November
642:. (3 vols.)
89:UK censuses
33:Census 1851
1265:Categories
835:References
813:18 January
789:Mann 1854.
640:190449711X
632:1904497101
622:0903857952
580:085445036X
544:0953602060
512:0902509195
416:1850410208
1008:Published
943:UK census
528:: 169–74.
421:(2 vols.)
275:Microdata
1228:See also
1000:Censuses
914:See also
894:(1987).
861:(1997).
851:7189112M
775:(1966).
243:Poor Law
124:Scotland
1082:Ireland
1040:Ireland
716:14 July
711:2338356
667:7 March
183:Masters
132:Ireland
108:England
72:Country
1166:Future
902:
869:
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734:
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167:parish
163:county
1172:2031
947:1851
809:. TNA
707:JSTOR
687:(PDF)
647:Notes
112:Wales
1219:2000
1214:1991
1204:1920
1199:1900
1194:1800
1157:2021
1152:2011
1147:2001
1142:1991
1137:1981
1132:1971
1127:1966
1122:1961
1117:1951
1112:1931
1094:1939
1089:1921
1077:1911
1072:1901
1067:1891
1062:1881
1057:1871
1052:1861
1047:1851
1035:1841
1030:1831
1025:1821
1020:1811
1015:1801
953:1861
936:1841
900:ISBN
867:ISBN
815:2019
759:2016
732:ISBN
718:2022
669:2018
636:ISBN
628:ISBN
617:ISBN
598:ISBN
575:ISBN
539:ISBN
507:ISBN
481:ISBN
458:ISBN
435:ISBN
411:ISBN
392:ISBN
352:ISBN
329:ISBN
310:ISBN
241:the
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