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1128:, making him an ideal compromise figure to introduce responsible government. On his arrival, the Reform Party won a decisive victory at the polls. Elgin invited LaFontaine to form the new government, the first time a Governor General requested cabinet formation on the basis of party. The party character of the ministry meant that the elected premier β and no longer the governor β would be the head of the government. The Governor General would become a more symbolic figure. The elected Premier in the Legislative Assembly would now become responsible for local administration and legislation. It also deprived the Governor of patronage appointments to the civil service, which had been the basis of Metcalfe's policy. The test of responsible government came in 1849, when the BaldwinβLafontaine government passed the Rebellion Losses Bill, compensating French Canadians for losses suffered during the
825:
1079:
appointing his own supporters to patronage positions without
Baldwin and LaFontaine's approval, as joint premiers. They resigned in November 1843, beginning a constitutional crisis that would last a year. Metcalfe refused to recall the legislature to demonstrate its irrelevance; he could rule without it. This year-long crisis, in which the legislature was prorogued, "was the final signpost on Upper Canada's conceptual road to democracy. Lacking the scale of the American Revolution, it nonetheless forced a comparable articulation and rethinking of the basics of political dialogue in the province." In the ensuing election, however, the Reformers did not win a majority and thus were not called to form another ministry. Responsible government would be delayed until after 1848.
902:
2407:, 1st Baron Sydenham, spearheaded the passage of the District Councils Act which transferred municipal government to District Councils. His bill allowed for two elected councillors from each township, but the warden, clerk and treasurer were to be appointed by the government. This thus allowed for strong administrative control and continued government patronage appointments. Sydenham's bill reflected his larger concerns to limit popular participation under the tutelage of a strong executive. The Councils were reformed by the Baldwin Act in 1849 which made municipal government truly democratic rather than an extension of central control of the Crown. It delegated authority to municipal governments so they could raise taxes and enact
1065:
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Bagot he could not form a cabinet without including LaFontaine and the French Party. LaFontaine demanded four cabinet seats, including one for Robert
Baldwin. Bagot became severely ill thereafter, and Baldwin and Lafontaine became the first real premiers of the Province of Canada. However, to take office as ministers, the two had to run for re-election. While LaFontaine was easily re-elected in 4th York, Baldwin lost his seat in Hastings as a result of Orange Order violence. It was now that the pact between the two men was completely solidified, as LaFontaine arranged for Baldwin to run in
3088:. β An imperial act (49 Geo. III, cap. 27), 1809, provided for the re-annexation to Newfoundland of 'such parts of the coast of Labrador from the River St John to Hudson's Streights, and the said Island of Anticosti, and all other smaller islands so annexed to the Government of Newfoundland by the said Proclamation of the seventh day of October one thousand seven hundred and sixty-three (except the said Islands of Madelaine) shall be separated from the said Government of Lower Canada, and be again re-annexed to the Government of Newfoundland.
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1098:. Cathcart was deeply interested in the natural sciences, but ignorant of constitutional practice, and hence an unusual choice for Governor General. He refused to become involved in the day-to-day government of the conservative ministry of William Draper, thereby indirectly emphasising the need for responsible government. His primary focus was on redrafting the Militia Act of 1846. The signing of the Oregon Boundary Treaty in 1846 made him dispensable.
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1230:. The 24 legislative councillors were originally appointed. In 1856, a bill was passed to replace the process of appointing members by a process of electing members. Members were to be elected from 24 divisions in each of Canada East and Canada West. Twelve members were elected every two years from 1856 to 1862. Members previously appointed were not required to relinquish their seats.
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Canada-as-project can be analyzed as the implantation and expansion over a heterogeneous terrain of a certain politico-economic logicβto wit, liberalism." The liberalism of which McKay writes is not that of a specific political party, but of certain practices of state building which prioritise property, first of all, and the individual.
2723:, then Governor General, appointed a Cabinet nominated by the majority party of the Legislative Assembly, the BaldwinβLafontaine coalition that had won elections in January. Lord Elgin upheld the principles of responsible government by not repealing the Rebellion Losses Bill, which was highly unpopular with some English-speaking
1009:
municipal government, the
District Council. The aim of both exercises in state-building was to strengthen the power of the Governor General, to minimise the effect of the numerically superior French vote, and to build a "middle party" that answered to him, rather than the Family Compact or the Reformers. Sydenham was a
2741:
Once the
English population, rapidly growing through immigration, exceeded the French, the English demanded representation-by-population. In the end, the legislative deadlock between English and French led to a movement for a federal union which resulted in the broader Canadian Confederation in 1867.
1192:
of all of the political parties of the two
Canadas occurred in 1864. The Great Coalition was formed to end the political deadlock between predominantly French-speaking Canada East and predominantly English-speaking Canada West. The deadlock resulted from the requirement of a "double majority" to pass
2737:
The granting of responsible government to the colony is typically attributed to reforms in 1848 (principally the effective transfer of control over patronage from the
Governor to the elected ministry). These reforms resulted in the appointment of the second BaldwinβLafontaine government that quickly
1093:
Cathcart had been a staff officer with
Wellington in the Napoleonic Wars, and rose in rank to become commander of British forces in North America from June 1845 to May 1847. He was also appointed as Administrator then Governor General for the same period, uniting for the first time the highest Civil
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Bagot was appointed after the unexpected death of
Thomson, with the explicit instructions to resist calls for responsible government. He arrived in the capital, Kingston, to find that Thomson's "middle party" had become polarised and he therefore could not form an executive. Even the Tories informed
2441:
During the year-long constitutional crisis in 1843β44, when
Metcalfe prorogued Parliament to demonstrate its irrelevance, Baldwin established a "Reform Association" in February 1844, to unite the Reform movement in Canada West and to explain their understanding of responsible government. Twenty-two
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The
BaldwinβLaFontaine ministry barely lasted six months before Governor Bagot also died in March 1843. He was replaced by Charles Metcalfe, whose instructions were to check the "radical" reform government. Metcalfe reverted to the Thomson system of strong central autocratic rule. Metcalfe began
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The Governor General remained the head of the civil administration of the colony, appointed by the British government, and responsible to it, not to the local legislature. He was aided by the Executive Council and the Legislative Council. The Executive Council aided in administration, and the
1008:
Sydenham came from a wealthy family of timber merchants, and was an expert in finance, having served on the English Board of Trade which regulated banking (including the colony). He was promised a barony if he could successfully implement the union of the Canadas, and introduce a new form of
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as the lower chamber. In the aftermath of the Rebellions of 1837β1838, unification of the two Canadas was driven by two factors. Firstly, Upper Canada was near bankruptcy because it lacked stable tax revenues, and needed the resources of the more populous Lower Canada to fund its internal
2750:
In "The Liberal Order Framework: A Prospectus for a Reconnaissance of Canadian History" McKay argues that "the category 'Canada' should henceforth denote a historically specific project of rule, rather than either an essence we must defend or an empty homogeneous space we must possess.
2794:
Education in Canada West was regulated by the province through the General Board of Education from 1846 until 1850, when it was replaced by the Department of Public Instruction, which lasted until 1876. The province improved the educational system in Canada West under
2734:, there was a legislative deadlock between English (mainly from Canada West) and French (mainly from Canada East). The majority of the province was French, which demanded "rep-by-pop" (representation by population), which the Anglophones opposed.
243:
781:(a government accountable to an independent local legislature), only the first of the two recommendations was implemented in 1841. For the first seven years, the government was led by an appointed governor general accountable only to the
1106:
2771:, also known as the Municipal Corporations Act, replaced the local government system based on district councils in Canada West by government at the county level. It also granted more autonomy to townships, villages, towns and cities.
1212:. Thomson also systematically organised the civil service into departments, the heads of which sat on the Executive Council. A further innovation was to demand that every Head of department seek election in the Legislative Assembly.
1207:
Thomson reformed the Executive Councils of Upper and Lower Canada by introducing a "President of the Committees of Council" to act as a chief executive officer for the council and chair of the various committees. The first was
774:
transportation improvements. Secondly, unification was an attempt to swamp the French vote by giving each of the former provinces the same number of parliamentary seats, despite the larger population of Lower Canada.
2411:. It also established a hierarchy of types of municipal governments, starting at the top with cities and continued down past towns, villages and finally townships. This system was to prevail for the next 150 years.
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laws in the Legislative Assembly (i.e., a majority in both the Canada East and Canada West sections of the assembly). The removal of the deadlock resulted in three conferences that led to confederation.
1140:
opposition and his own personal misgivings, sparking riots in Montreal, during which Elgin himself was assaulted by an English-speaking Orange Order mob and the Parliament buildings were burned down.
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789:, agreed that the cabinet would be formed by the largest party in the Legislative Assembly, making the premier the head of the government and reducing the governor general to a more symbolic role.
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808:. Ontario included the area occupied by the pre-1841 British colony of Upper Canada, while Quebec included the area occupied by the pre-1841 British colony of Lower Canada (which had included
2791:
Treaty, was a trade treaty between the United Province of Canada and the United States. It covered raw materials and was in effect from 1854 to 1865. It represented a move toward free trade.
1056:, Canada East. This was the union of the Canadas they sought, where LaFontaine overcame linguistic prejudice to gain a seat in English Canada, and Baldwin obtained his seat in French Canada.
2376:
The Legislature's effectiveness was further hampered by the requirement of a "double majority" where a majority of votes for the passage of a bill had to be obtained from the members of
2700:
No provision for responsible government was included in the Act of Union 1840. Early Governors of the province were closely involved in political affairs, maintaining a right to make
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Canada West, with its 450,000 inhabitants, was represented by 42 seats in the Legislative Assembly, the same number as the more populated Canada East, with 650,000 inhabitants.
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2446:. Over three thousand people attended this rally for Baldwin. the Association was not, however, a true political party and individual members voted independently.
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The Parti bleu was a moderate political group in Canada East that emerged in 1854. It was based on the moderate reformist views of Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine.
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1029:, who convinced the electors of the 4th Riding of York to transcend linguistic prejudice and elect LaFontaine in an English-speaking riding in Canada West.
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branches were established. A grand meeting of all branches of the Reform Association was held in the Second Meeting House of the Children of Peace in
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Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1962; overlaps portions of Argentine and Chilean claims, borders not enforced but claim not renounced under the
1094:
and military offices. The appointment of this military officer as Governor General was due to heightened tensions with the United States over the
1064:
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Rasporich, Anthony W. "The development of political and social ideas in the province of Canada, 1848-58." (PhD dissertation, U of Manitoba 1970)
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who believed in rational government, not "responsible government". To implement his plan, he used widespread electoral violence through the
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of the 1830s. Their support was concentrated among southwestern Canada West farmers, who were frustrated and disillusioned by the 1849
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Each administration was led by two men, one from each half of the province. Officially, one of them at any given time had the title of
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Joseph Wearing, "Finding our parties' roots" in Canadian Parties in Transition, 2nd ed., Toronto: Nelson Canada, 1996, pp. 19β20
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to administer the law within a District. A few cities, such as Toronto, were incorporated by special acts of the legislature.
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The location of the capital city of the Province of Canada changed six times in its 26-year history. The first capital was in
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In 1849, King's College was renamed the University of Toronto and the school's ties with the Church of England were severed.
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from 1851 to 1855, then returned to Toronto from 1855 to 1859 before returning to Quebec City from 1859 to 1865. In 1857,
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Ormsby, William G. "The Civil List Question in the Province of Canada." Canadian Historical Review 35.2 (1954): 93β118.
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as the permanent capital of the Province of Canada, initiating construction of Canada's first parliament buildings, on
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785:. Responsible government was not achieved until the second LaFontaineβBaldwin ministry in 1849, when Governor General
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Union is Strength: W.L. Mackenzie, the Children of Peace, and the Emergence of Joint Stock Democracy in Upper Canada
119:
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French was reinstated as an official language of the legislature and the courts. The Legislature also codified the
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951:. The first stage of this construction was completed in 1865, just in time to host the final session of the last
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with a view to annexation and settlement was a priority of Canada West politicians in the 1850s leading to the
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in 1856. It was during their ministry that the first organised moves toward Canadian Confederation took place.
101:
53:
5304:. After recognised independence in 1980, Zimbabwe was a member of the Commonwealth until it withdrew in 2003.
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Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science/Revue canadienne de economiques et science politique
3343:
Whebell, C. F. J. (1989). "The Upper Canada District Councils Act of 1841 and British Colonial Policy".
2471:
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1026:
924:
723:
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3601:; abridged and with an introduction by Donald Swainson. (Toronto : McClelland and Stewart, 1972.)
6594:; Ascension Island (1922β) and Tristan da Cunha (1938β) were previously dependencies of Saint Helena.
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816:). Upper Canada was primarily English-speaking, whereas Lower Canada was primarily French-speaking.
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39:
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2622:. The new ministry were committed to secularise the Clergy reserves in Canada West and to abolish
2510:. This resulted in the shortest-lived government in Canadian history, falling in less than a day.
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2466:(alternatively known as the Parti dΓ©mocratique) was formed in Canada East around 1848 by radical
1255:
Elections to the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada (1841β1863) β seats won by party
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1129:
746:
346:
126:
3319:
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Municipal government in Upper Canada was under the control of appointed magistrates who sat in
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to former Upper and Lower Canada. They advocated important democratic reforms, republicanism,
2491:
1167:
910:
742:
512:
330:
278:
235:
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The Liberal-Conservative Party emerged from a coalition government in 1854 in which moderate
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6009:
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removed many of the disabilities on French-Canadian political participation in the colony.
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6328:
6257:
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3206:
The Capacity to Judge: Public Opinion and Deliberative Democracy in Upper Canada 1791β1854
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in Canada East. Over time, the Liberal-Conservatives evolved into the Conservative party.
2536:
and Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine's lack of democratic enthusiasm. The Clear Grits advocated
2443:
2400:
1189:
948:
590:
451:
182:
17:
4194:
3604:
Faucher, Albert. "Some Aspects of the Financial Difficulties of the Province of Canada."
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3511:
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2363:
1973:
1840:
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986:
Legislative Council reviewed legislation produced by the elected Legislative Assembly.
940:
719:
584:
379:
338:
221:
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6297:
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5362:
4801:
4306:
4119:
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1046:
320:
3435:"The Liberal Order Framework: A Prospectus for a Reconnaissance of Canadian History"
3101:
2816:
was incorporated by the Legislature in the 1850s. Exploration of Western Canada and
2430:
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5516:
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4204:
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Canada's governors general, 1847β1878 : biography and constitutional evolution
2615:
2605:
2549:
1133:
917:(1844β1849) until rioters, spurred by a series of incendiary articles published in
905:
Map of the Province of Canada from Lake Superior to the Gulf of St. Lawrence (1855)
875:
859:
829:
758:
754:
642:
628:
3611:
Gates, Paul W. "Official encouragement to immigration by the province of Canada."
2707:
2544:, democratic institutions, reductions in government expenditure, abolition of the
1148:
973:
242:
6624:
6120:
6021:
5832:
5436:
5336:
5051:
5045:
4114:
3652:
The borrowing process : public finance in the Province of Canada, 1840-1867
2639:
2563:
2519:
2507:
2455:
1698:
1439:
1227:
1162:
It was under Head, that true political party government was introduced with the
936:
878:
after being united into the Province of Canada. It would become the province of
862:
after being united into the Province of Canada. It would become the province of
853:
837:
296:
68:
5897:
5878:
5621:
5400:
5019:
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3620:
Choosing Canada's capital : conflict resolution in a parliamentary system
3574:
The union of the Canadas : the growth of Canadian institutions, 1841β1857
3356:
2610:
2581:
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2357:
2038:
1037:
207:
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3622:. 2nd ed. (Ottawa : Carleton University Press, 1991). xix, 398 p.
3567:
The Pre-Confederation premiers : Ontario government leaders, 1841β1867
994:
52:"United Canadas" and "Colony of Canada" redirect here. For other uses, see
2556:
with the United States. Their platform was similar to that of the British
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1841β1888. The last forty years : the Union of 1841 to Confederation
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1053:
914:
809:
777:
Although Durham's report had called for the Union of the Canadas and for
284:
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5266:
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The critical years : the union of British North America, 1857β1873
932:
879:
801:
688:
290:
3480:"The Evolution of Education in Ontario β The Ministries and Ministers"
2774:
Despite the controversy, the government compensated landowners in the
2704:
and other appointments without the input of the legislative assembly.
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944:
863:
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302:
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3671:. (Toronto : Progress Books, 1975, 1973.) A Marxist assessment.
1120:
Elgin's second wife, Lady Mary Louisa Lambton, was the daughter of
761:
by abolishing their separate parliaments and replacing them with a
726:
from 1841 to 1867. Its formation reflected recommendations made by
5891:
5613:
5085:
2758:
2706:
2429:
1147:
1105:
1083:
Charles Cathcart, 2nd Earl Cathcart and Baron Greenock (1845β1847)
1063:
1036:
993:
972:
900:
823:
3406:
3404:
5442:
2524:
The Clear Grits were the inheritors of William Lyon Mackenzie's
1902:
1137:
45:"Canada West" redirects here. For the athletic association, see
6495:
6407:
6144:
5653:
5325:
5000:
4893:
4817:
4322:
3705:
3031:
In His Name: The Anglican Experience in Upper Canada, 1791β1854
3669:
Unequal union : roots of crisis in the Canadas, 1815β1873
2806:
in 1866, and abolished the seigneurial system in Canada East.
2633:
62:
3272:"BRUCE, JAMES, 8th Earl of Elgin and 12th Earl of Kincardine"
2974:
Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada
1226:
The Legislative Council of the Province of Canada was the
6709:
Former British colonies and protectorates in the Americas
2730:
As Canada East and Canada West each held 42 seats in the
812:
until 1809, when Labrador was transferred to the British
3594:. (Ottawa : Canadian Historical Association, 1966.)
3397:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. pp. 239β40.
3423:, Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 1967, pp. 192β197.
3006:
The Wiley-Blackwell Companion to the Anglican Communion
990:
Charles Poulett Thomson, 1st Baron Sydenham (1839β1841)
2614:
from Canada East under the dual prime-ministership of
5629:. Iraq's mandate was not enacted and replaced by the
3693:
Confederation Debates in the Province of Canada, 1865
3637:. (Toronto : University of Toronto Press, 2006.)
3569:; (Toronto : University of Toronto Press, 1980.)
3127:"THOMSON, CHARLES EDWARD POULETT, 1st Baron SYDENHAM"
1021:, the leader of the French reformers, were foiled by
3208:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. p. 237.
874:
Canada West was what became of the former colony of
858:
Canada East was what became of the former colony of
4746:
4626:
4539:
4415:
4356:
4251:
4228:
4047:
4024:
4003:
3980:
3947:
3895:
3772:
3739:
2763:
Burning of the Parliament Buildings, Montreal, 1849
836:The Province of Canada was divided into two parts:
676:
577:
563:
552:
535:
522:
509:
495:
483:
471:
461:
445:
431:
415:
403:
389:
373:
361:
345:
326:
312:
271:
261:
169:
93:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3510:
3371:
3220:"METCALFE, CHARLES THEOPHILUS, 1st Baron METCALFE"
3576:. (Toronto : McClelland and Stewart, 1967.)
3378:. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. pp.
3644:. (Toronto : McClelland and Stewart, 1964.)
3345:The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History
3253:. Vol. VIII (1851β1860) (online ed.).
2979:Commissioner of Crown Lands (Province of Canada)
1060:Charles Metcalfe, 1st Baron Metcalfe (1843β1845)
3546:Statistics of Canada Introduction Volume Fourth
3266:
3264:
3167:Louis-Hippolyte LaFontaine & Robert Baldwin
3152:Louis-Hippolyte LaFontaine & Robert Baldwin
2437:, where the Reform Association met in June 1844
4264:Areas disputed by Canada and the United States
3540:
3538:
2969:Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada
2947:List of by-elections in the Province of Canada
2778:of 1849 for the actions during the Rebellion.
1240:Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada
732:Report on the Affairs of British North America
6156:
4829:
4334:
3717:
3676:Louis-Hippolyte LaFontaine and Robert Baldwin
2984:Postmasters General of the Province of Canada
1222:Legislative Council of the Province of Canada
1178:Charles Monck, 4th Viscount Monck (1861β1868)
796:on 1 July 1867, when it was divided into the
47:Canada West Universities Athletic Association
8:
6591:Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
6574:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
6452:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
4269:Proposed provinces and territories of Canada
3320:"MONCK, CHARLES STANLEY, 4th Viscount MONCK"
2561:
2479:
2461:
753:on 10 February 1841, merged the Colonies of
174:
3445:(4). University of Toronto Press: 616β678.
2942:List of elections in the Province of Canada
2668:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1250:List of elections in the Province of Canada
1203:Executive Council of the Province of Canada
1188:It was under Monck's governorship that the
1144:Edmund Walker Head, 8th Baronet (1854β1861)
1004:Charles Poulett Thomson, 1st Baron Sydenham
929:burned down Montreal's parliament buildings
410:Charles Poulett Thomson, 1st Baron Sydenham
6719:States and territories established in 1841
6492:
6404:
6178:
6163:
6149:
6141:
5650:
5322:
4997:
4890:
4836:
4822:
4814:
4341:
4327:
4319:
3724:
3710:
3702:
3009:. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 138β39.
2727:who favoured imperial over majority rule.
2421:Reform movement (pre-Confederation Canada)
1102:James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin (1847β1854)
792:The Province of Canada ceased to exist at
253:
166:
6739:1841 establishments in the British Empire
3733:Former colonies and territories in Canada
3169:. Toronto: Penguin Books. pp. 134β5.
3154:. Toronto: Penguin Books. pp. 130β3.
2688:Learn how and when to remove this message
1017:. His efforts to prevent the election of
153:Learn how and when to remove this message
27:UK possession in North America, 1841β1867
5635:Legitimacy of territorial establishment
3517:. University of Toronto Press. pp.
2964:Joint premiers of the Province of Canada
2854:
2835:In 1857, the Legislature introduced the
2478:, and the reformist movement led by the
1253:
1244:Joint premiers of the Province of Canada
6714:1867 disestablishments in North America
3552:. pp. 20β21. Retrieved 24 October 2018.
2995:
551:
482:
311:
6620:Historical flags of the British Empire
6604:Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1985
2500:separation of the state and the church
2253:
3243:Cooke, O. A; Hillmer, Norman (1985).
3100:Clapperton, Nina (18 November 2021).
1259:
832:, showing Canada East and Canada West
562:
558:
534:
521:
508:
504:
470:
444:
440:
430:
414:
402:
398:
388:
372:
368:
360:
7:
4686:Northwest Territories capital cities
3513:The University of Toronto: A History
3245:"Murray, Charles, 2nd Earl Cathcart"
2784:CanadianβAmerican Reciprocity Treaty
2666:adding citations to reliable sources
1074:Charles Metcalfe, 1st Baron Metcalfe
466:Parliament of the Province of Canada
91:adding citations to reliable sources
6431:Saint Andrew and Providence Islands
5274:. British Cameroons is now part of
3695:(McGill-Queen's Press-MQUP, 2006).
2959:List of governors general of Canada
2387:, while the other had the title of
1089:Charles Cathcart, 2nd Earl Cathcart
969:List of governors general of Canada
32:Provinces and territories of Canada
5290:unilaterally declared independence
4985:1708β1757, 1763β1782 and 1798β1802
3421:The Union of the Canadas 1841β1857
3374:Government and Politics of Ontario
3033:(McGill-Queen's Press-MQUP, 1991).
2366:, father of responsible government
913:(1841β1844). The capital moved to
25:
6497:Antarctica and the South Atlantic
6476:Occupied by Argentina during the
3521:, 31, 143, 156, 313, 376, 593β6.
3247:. In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.).
2787:of 1854, also known as the Elginβ
2711:Political organisation under the
2630:Effects of responsible government
1184:Charles Monck, 4th Viscount Monck
977:Political organization under the
955:of the Province of Canada before
828:1855 map of Northern America, by
422:Charles Monck, 4th Viscount Monck
36:Ecclesiastical Province of Canada
6734:Former colonies in North America
6640:
6631:
6630:
6043:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
4795:
4783:
4782:
4300:
4288:
4287:
4259:Territorial evolution after 1867
3325:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
3301:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
3277:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
3250:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
3225:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
3186:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
3132:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
2824:and the Red River Expedition of
2638:
2435:The Second Meeting House, Sharon
2356:
2338:
892:Constitutional history of Canada
745:, passed on 23 July 1840 by the
728:John Lambton, 1st Earl of Durham
660:
635:
621:
240:
214:
200:
67:
4465:Former colonies and territories
3640:Morton, W. L. (William Lewis).
2864:Population (Lower) Canada East
2861:Population (Upper) Canada West
2172:
2100:
2032:
1968:
1897:
1835:
1760:
1692:
1624:
1558:
1496:
1434:
1364:
78:needs additional citations for
6539:Australian Antarctic Territory
5395:since 1965 (before as part of
5392:British Indian Ocean Territory
5278:, while Tanganyika is part of
4909:since 1960 (before as part of
3592:The great coalition, June 1864
2490:did not believe that the 1840
1116:James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin
787:James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin
1:
6744:1841 establishments in Canada
3509:Friedland, Martin L. (2002).
3003:Ian S. Markham et al (2013).
2937:History of Canada (1763β1867)
2476:Institut canadien de MontrΓ©al
897:Capitals (seat of government)
769:as the upper chamber and the
6729:Political history of Ontario
4850:British Overseas Territories
4440:Crown and Indigenous peoples
4165:British Columbia (1866β1871)
4160:British Columbia (1858β1866)
3044:"Province of Canada 1841β67"
2851:Population of Canada by year
2542:representation by population
2486:of the 1830s. The reformist
2426:Reform Association of Canada
341:in Canada's West (1841-1854)
6724:Political history of Quebec
6566:British Antarctic Territory
6276:Western Pacific Territories
3393:Schrauwers, Albert (2009).
3330:University of Toronto Press
3306:University of Toronto Press
3282:University of Toronto Press
3255:University of Toronto Press
3230:University of Toronto Press
3191:University of Toronto Press
3165:Saul, John Ralston (2010).
3150:Saul, John Ralston (2010).
3137:University of Toronto Press
2252:
2171:
2099:
2031:
1967:
1896:
1834:
1759:
1691:
1623:
1557:
1495:
1433:
1363:
1136:to the bill despite heated
6760:
6304:Gilbert and Ellice Islands
5721:British Arctic Territories
4072:British Arctic Territories
3613:Canadian Historical Review
3439:Canadian Historical Review
3102:"13 Canada Capital Cities"
3069:"LabradorβCanada boundary"
2897:765,797β786,693 estimates
2848:
2804:Civil Code of Lower Canada
2596:Liberal-Conservative Party
2593:
2590:Liberal-Conservative Party
2579:
2560:. The Clear Grits and the
2517:
2453:
2418:
2401:Courts of Quarter Sessions
2346:Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine
2175:
2103:
2035:
1971:
1900:
1838:
1763:
1695:
1627:
1561:
1499:
1437:
1367:
1247:
1237:
1219:
1200:
1181:
1164:Liberal-Conservative Party
1155:
1113:
1086:
1071:
1044:
1001:
966:
889:
851:
51:
44:
29:
18:United Provinces of Canada
6615:
6584:
6544:Commonwealth of Australia
6502:
6491:
6462:
6414:
6403:
6369:
6176:
6140:
5946:Newfoundland and Labrador
5660:
5649:
5627:League of Nations mandate
5608:
5332:
5321:
5302:Lancaster House Agreement
5272:League of Nations mandate
5261:
5007:
4996:
4900:
4889:
4856:
4777:
4576:Newfoundland and Labrador
4282:
3633:Messamore, Barbara Jane.
3357:10.1080/03086538908582787
3296:"HEAD, Sir EDMUND WALKER"
3204:McNairn, Jeffrey (2000).
3048:The Canadian Encyclopedia
2562:
2480:
2470:inspired by the ideas of
2462:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1270:
1267:
1264:
1033:Charles Bagot (1841β1843)
935:(1849β1851). It moved to
712:United Province of Canada
600:
573:
559:
548:
505:
457:
441:
427:
399:
385:
369:
335:Anglican Church of Canada
252:
230:
196:
191:
6074:Turks and Caicos Islands
5381:(protectorate) 1907β1949
4953:(integrated into the UK)
3565:Careless., J. M. S. ed.
2838:Gradual Civilization Act
923:, protested against the
54:Canadas (disambiguation)
6357:1919β1942 and 1945β1968
6182:18th and 19th centuries
5998:Queen Charlotte Islands
5958:North-Western Territory
5930:1665β1674 and 1702β1776
5533:1781β1784 and 1795β1819
5198:1923β1965 and 1979β1980
4881:Commonwealth of Nations
4429:Persons of significance
4175:North-Western Territory
4150:Queen Charlotte Islands
2755:Legislative initiatives
2604:and Conservatives from
2570:Liberal Party of Canada
2538:universal male suffrage
2502:. In 1858, the elected
1210:Robert Baldwin Sullivan
1110:James Bruce, Lord Elgin
1096:Oregon boundary dispute
998:Charles Poulett Thomson
736:Rebellions of 1837β1838
585:Canadian pound sterling
356:constitutional monarchy
313:Official languages
58:Canada (disambiguation)
6107:West Indies Federation
5296:) and continued as an
4879:Current member of the
4460:Events of significance
3370:White, Graham (1997).
2764:
2716:
2496:responsible government
2438:
2380:Canada East and West.
2350:responsible government
1172:George-Γtienne Cartier
1153:
1111:
1069:
1042:
999:
982:
906:
833:
814:colony of Newfoundland
794:Canadian Confederation
779:responsible government
749:and proclaimed by the
539:Canadian Confederation
526:Responsible government
352:Responsible government
175:
6704:British North America
6029:Saint Kitts and Nevis
5300:state until the 1979
4906:Akrotiri and Dhekelia
4581:Northwest Territories
4526:Territorial evolution
3608:26.4 (1960): 617β624.
2828:, George Gladman and
2776:Rebellion Losses Bill
2762:
2719:However, in 1848 the
2710:
2472:Louis-Joseph Papineau
2433:
1151:
1132:. Lord Elgin granted
1109:
1067:
1040:
997:
976:
925:Rebellion Losses Bill
904:
882:after Confederation.
866:after Confederation.
827:
724:British North America
500:Pre-Confederation era
6557:Realm of New Zealand
6555:(transferred to the
6542:(transferred to the
6375:Realm of New Zealand
5976:Prince Edward Island
5854:1671β1816, 1833β1960
4601:Prince Edward Island
4274:Population of Canada
4125:Prince Edward Island
3691:Waite, Peter B. ed.
3674:Saul, John Ralston.
3667:Ryerson, Stanley B.
3597:Dent, John Charles,
3451:10.3138/chr.81.4.616
3181:"BAGOT, Sir CHARLES"
3073:Marianopolis College
2732:Legislative Assembly
2662:improve this section
2494:had truly granted a
2106:Liberal-Conservative
1234:Legislative Assembly
1025:, the leader of the
886:Parliamentary system
771:Legislative Assembly
490:Legislative Assembly
299:1851β1855, 1859β1865
293:1849β1851, 1855β1859
102:"Province of Canada"
87:improve this article
30:For other uses, see
6671: /
6588:Since 2009 part of
6480:of AprilβJune 1982.
6067:Trinidad and Tobago
5681:Antigua and Barbuda
5581:Straits Settlements
4516:Population history
4487:Chinese immigration
4067:Newfoundland (1583)
3615:15.1 (1934): 24β38.
3572:Careless, J. M. S.
3484:Archives of Ontario
3433:Mckay, Ian (2000).
3419:J. M. S. Careless,
3328:(online ed.).
3304:(online ed.).
3280:(online ed.).
3228:(online ed.).
3189:(online ed.).
3135:(online ed.).
2953:Political structure
2822:Palliser Expedition
2814:Grand Trunk Railway
1256:
1216:Legislative Council
931:. It then moved to
767:Legislative Council
765:with two houses, a
478:Legislative Council
40:Canada (New France)
6699:Province of Canada
5740:Cape Breton Island
5631:Anglo-Iraqi Treaty
5473:Unfederated States
5288:Southern Rhodesia
4875:Commonwealth realm
4098:Nova Scotia (1710)
3962:Nova Scotia (1621)
3764:L'Anse aux Meadows
3106:Nina Out and About
2830:Simon James Dawson
2765:
2717:
2624:seigneurial tenure
2439:
1254:
1158:Edmund Walker Head
1154:
1152:Edmund Walker Head
1130:Rebellions of 1837
1112:
1070:
1043:
1000:
983:
907:
834:
798:Canadian provinces
783:British government
747:British Parliament
708:Province of Canada
485:β’ Lower house
473:β’ Upper house
339:Established Church
337:), the officially
319: •
236:God Save the Queen
176:Province du Canada
171:Province of Canada
6654:
6653:
6611:
6610:
6487:
6486:
6419:Providence Island
6399:
6398:
6364:
6363:
6232:Western Australia
6200:Van Diemen's Land
6136:
6135:
6113:Associated States
5811:Columbia District
5645:
5644:
5499:Manila and Cavite
5317:
5316:
5196:Southern Rhodesia
5190:South-West Africa
5140:Northern Rhodesia
5052:Cape of Good Hope
4992:
4991:
4869:Current territory
4811:
4810:
4802:Canada portal
4372:18000 BCEβ1500 CE
4350:History of Canada
4316:
4315:
4307:Canada portal
4145:Columbia District
3972:Port Royal Colony
3939:Pacific Northwest
3749:Named territories
3650:Piva, Michael J.
3618:Knight, David B.
3590:Cornell, Paul G.
3550:Statistics Canada
3086:Labrador Act 1809
2931:Political history
2923:
2922:
2702:Executive Council
2698:
2697:
2690:
2568:evolved into the
2415:Political parties
2395:District councils
2332:
2331:
1197:Executive Council
1168:John A. Macdonald
1027:Children of Peace
963:Governors general
743:Act of Union 1840
704:
703:
672:
671:
668:
667:
648:
647:
447:β’ 1841β1842
417:β’ 1861β1867
375:β’ 1841β1867
331:Church of England
245:
163:
162:
155:
137:
16:(Redirected from
6751:
6686:
6685:
6683:
6682:
6681:
6676:
6672:
6669:
6668:
6667:
6664:
6644:
6634:
6633:
6599:Antarctic Treaty
6560:
6547:
6532:Falkland Islands
6524:Tristan da Cunha
6516:Ascension Island
6493:
6444:Falkland Islands
6405:
6373:Now part of the
6245:Pitcairn Islands
6210:Auckland Islands
6179:
6165:
6158:
6151:
6142:
6127:Windward Islands
6081:Vancouver Island
5858:MassachusettsBay
5727:British Columbia
5651:
5467:Federated States
5323:
5233:Tristan da Cunha
5202:Southern Nigeria
5134:Northern Nigeria
5013:Ascension Island
4998:
4954:
4891:
4865:Former territory
4862:
4838:
4831:
4824:
4815:
4800:
4799:
4798:
4786:
4785:
4737:Name etymologies
4617:Name etymologies
4556:British Columbia
4471:Heritage Minutes
4343:
4336:
4329:
4320:
4305:
4304:
4303:
4291:
4290:
4243:Sverdrup Islands
4239:
4191:
4155:Vancouver Island
4063:
4035:
4012:
3991:
3968:
3958:
3930:
3916:
3906:
3839:
3783:
3760:
3750:
3726:
3719:
3712:
3703:
3553:
3542:
3533:
3532:
3516:
3506:
3500:
3499:
3497:
3495:
3486:. Archived from
3476:
3470:
3469:
3467:
3465:
3430:
3424:
3417:
3411:
3408:
3399:
3398:
3390:
3384:
3383:
3377:
3367:
3361:
3360:
3340:
3334:
3333:
3316:
3310:
3309:
3292:
3286:
3285:
3268:
3259:
3258:
3240:
3234:
3233:
3216:
3210:
3209:
3201:
3195:
3194:
3177:
3171:
3170:
3162:
3156:
3155:
3147:
3141:
3140:
3123:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3112:
3097:
3091:
3090:
3082:
3080:
3065:
3059:
3058:
3056:
3054:
3040:
3034:
3027:
3021:
3020:
3000:
2855:
2826:Henry Youle Hind
2769:Baldwin Act 1849
2693:
2686:
2682:
2679:
2673:
2642:
2634:
2567:
2566:
2506:allied with the
2485:
2484:
2468:French Canadians
2465:
2464:
2405:Governor Thomson
2360:
2342:
1257:
1068:Charles Metcalfe
1019:Louis LaFontaine
664:
663:
652:
651:
639:
638:
625:
624:
618:
617:
602:
601:
518:10 February 1841
391:Governor General
257:
247:
246:
218:
204:
186:
178:
167:
158:
151:
147:
144:
138:
136:
95:
71:
63:
21:
6759:
6758:
6754:
6753:
6752:
6750:
6749:
6748:
6689:
6688:
6679:
6677:
6673:
6670:
6665:
6662:
6660:
6658:
6657:
6655:
6650:
6607:
6580:
6554:
6552:Ross Dependency
6541:
6498:
6483:
6458:
6410:
6395:
6365:
6360:
6316:
6311:Solomon Islands
6258:North Australia
6238:South Australia
6194:New South Wales
6172:
6169:
6132:
5852:Leeward Islands
5656:
5641:
5604:
5511:Muscat and Oman
5328:
5313:
5257:
5003:
4988:
4952:
4896:
4885:
4860:
4852:
4842:
4812:
4807:
4796:
4794:
4773:
4742:
4622:
4543:and territories
4542:
4535:
4411:
4360:
4352:
4347:
4317:
4312:
4301:
4299:
4278:
4247:
4237:
4224:
4190:Important sites
4189:
4061:
4052:
4043:
4033:
4020:
4010:
3999:
3995:Russian America
3989:
3976:
3966:
3956:
3943:
3928:
3920:Fort San Miguel
3915:Important sites
3914:
3904:
3891:
3847:Annapolis Royal
3838:Important sites
3837:
3781:
3768:
3758:
3748:
3735:
3730:
3688:
3686:Primary sources
3562:
3560:Further reading
3557:
3556:
3543:
3536:
3529:
3508:
3507:
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3198:
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3178:
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3164:
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3159:
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3120:
3110:
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3078:
3076:
3067:
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3062:
3052:
3050:
3042:
3041:
3037:
3028:
3024:
3017:
3002:
3001:
2997:
2992:
2955:
2933:
2928:
2853:
2847:
2797:Egerton Ryerson
2757:
2748:
2694:
2683:
2677:
2674:
2659:
2643:
2632:
2598:
2592:
2584:
2578:
2546:Clergy reserves
2526:Reform movement
2522:
2516:
2458:
2452:
2428:
2423:
2417:
2397:
2371:
2370:
2369:
2368:
2367:
2361:
2353:
2352:
2343:
1564:Moderate Reform
1252:
1246:
1238:Main articles:
1236:
1224:
1218:
1205:
1199:
1190:Great Coalition
1186:
1180:
1160:
1146:
1118:
1104:
1091:
1085:
1076:
1062:
1049:
1035:
1006:
992:
971:
965:
949:Parliament Hill
899:
894:
888:
872:
856:
850:
822:
700:
661:
636:
622:
596:
591:Canadian dollar
566:
565:β’ 1860β61
541:
528:
515:
486:
474:
452:Samuel Harrison
448:
418:
406:
376:
308:
248:
241:
238:
226:
225:
224:
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205:
187:
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139:
96:
94:
84:
72:
61:
50:
43:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6757:
6755:
6747:
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6706:
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6690:
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6408:
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6104:
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6088:Virgin Islands
6084:
6078:
6070:
6064:
6058:
6055:South Carolina
6052:
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6039:
6032:
6025:
6019:
6013:
6007:
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5985:
5979:
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5952:North Carolina
5949:
5943:
5937:
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5925:
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5913:
5907:
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5895:
5889:
5886:Mosquito Coast
5883:
5875:
5869:
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5867:
5855:
5849:
5842:
5836:
5830:
5824:
5818:
5815:Oregon Country
5808:
5804:Cayman Islands
5800:
5794:
5793:
5792:
5786:
5780:
5774:
5762:
5755:
5749:
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5703:
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5609:
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5593:Trucial States
5590:
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5305:
5286:Self-governing
5283:
5269:
5262:
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5237:
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5131:
5125:
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5113:
5107:
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5073:
5067:
5061:
5058:Central Africa
5055:
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5037:
5027:
5017:
5008:
5005:
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5001:
4994:
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4990:
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4846:British Empire
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4808:
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4778:
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4759:Historiography
4756:
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4723:
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4708:
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4528:
4523:
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4513:
4508:
4507:
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4501:
4491:
4490:
4489:
4479:
4477:Historic Sites
4474:
4467:
4462:
4457:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4435:Constitutional
4432:
4421:
4419:
4413:
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4409:
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4045:
4044:
4042:
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4036:
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4028:
4022:
4021:
4019:
4018:
4016:Oregon Country
4013:
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4005:
4001:
4000:
3998:
3997:
3992:
3986:
3984:
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3858:Trois-Rivières
3855:
3850:
3840:
3834:
3833:
3832:
3831:
3826:
3824:Pays d'en Haut
3821:
3816:
3814:Domaine du roy
3811:
3806:
3801:
3796:
3784:
3778:
3776:
3770:
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3766:
3761:
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3706:
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3609:
3602:
3595:
3588:
3570:
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3558:
3555:
3554:
3534:
3527:
3501:
3490:on 10 May 2010
3471:
3425:
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3335:
3311:
3287:
3260:
3235:
3211:
3196:
3172:
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3092:
3060:
3035:
3029:Curtis Fahey,
3022:
3015:
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2849:Main article:
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2747:
2744:
2696:
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2646:
2644:
2637:
2631:
2628:
2594:Main article:
2591:
2588:
2580:Main article:
2577:
2574:
2534:Robert Baldwin
2532:government of
2518:Main article:
2515:
2512:
2482:Parti patriote
2454:Main article:
2451:
2448:
2427:
2424:
2419:Main article:
2416:
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2396:
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2364:Robert Baldwin
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2023:
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2019:
2017:
2015:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1987:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1977:
1974:Ministerialist
1970:
1966:
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1961:
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1951:
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1841:Family Compact
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1502:Radical Reform
1498:
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1045:Main article:
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967:Main article:
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941:Queen Victoria
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496:Historical era
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6720:
6717:
6715:
6712:
6710:
6707:
6705:
6702:
6700:
6697:
6696:
6694:
6687:
6684:
6675:45.5Β°N 75.5Β°W
6647:
6643:
6639:
6637:
6629:
6626:
6623:
6621:
6618:
6617:
6614:
6603:
6600:
6596:
6593:
6592:
6587:
6586:
6583:
6576:
6575:
6571:
6568:
6567:
6563:
6558:
6553:
6550:
6545:
6540:
6537:
6534:
6533:
6529:
6526:
6525:
6521:
6518:
6517:
6513:
6510:
6509:
6505:
6504:
6501:
6494:
6490:
6479:
6478:Falklands War
6475:
6473:
6469:
6465:
6464:
6461:
6454:
6453:
6449:
6446:
6445:
6441:
6438:
6435:
6432:
6429:
6426:
6423:
6420:
6417:
6416:
6413:
6409:South America
6406:
6402:
6392:
6388:
6384:
6382:
6378:
6376:
6372:
6371:
6368:
6356:
6353:
6350:
6347:
6344:
6340:
6337:
6333:
6330:
6327:
6324:
6321:
6320:
6318:
6312:
6308:
6305:
6302:
6299:
6298:Union Islands
6296:
6293:
6289:
6286:
6283:
6280:
6277:
6274:
6271:
6268:
6265:
6262:
6259:
6256:
6253:
6250:
6247:
6246:
6242:
6239:
6236:
6233:
6229:
6226:
6223:
6220:
6217:
6214:
6211:
6208:
6205:
6201:
6198:
6195:
6192:
6191:
6189:
6188:
6184:
6181:
6180:
6175:
6166:
6161:
6159:
6154:
6152:
6147:
6146:
6143:
6139:
6128:
6125:
6122:
6119:
6114:
6111:
6110:
6108:
6105:
6102:
6099:
6096:
6093:
6090:
6089:
6085:
6082:
6079:
6076:
6075:
6071:
6068:
6065:
6062:
6059:
6056:
6053:
6050:
6047:
6044:
6040:
6037:
6033:
6030:
6026:
6023:
6020:
6017:
6014:
6011:
6010:Rupert's Land
6008:
6005:
6002:
5999:
5995:
5992:
5989:
5986:
5983:
5980:
5977:
5974:
5971:
5970:Paulet affair
5968:
5965:
5962:
5959:
5956:
5953:
5950:
5947:
5944:
5941:
5938:
5935:
5932:
5929:
5926:
5923:
5920:
5917:
5916:New Hampshire
5914:
5911:
5908:
5905:
5904:New Brunswick
5902:
5899:
5896:
5893:
5890:
5887:
5884:
5881:
5880:
5876:
5873:
5870:
5865:
5862:
5861:
5859:
5856:
5853:
5850:
5847:
5843:
5840:
5837:
5834:
5831:
5828:
5825:
5822:
5819:
5816:
5812:
5809:
5806:
5805:
5801:
5798:
5795:
5790:
5787:
5784:
5781:
5778:
5775:
5772:
5769:
5768:
5767:
5763:
5760:
5756:
5753:
5750:
5747:
5744:
5741:
5738:
5734:
5731:
5730:
5728:
5725:
5722:
5719:
5716:
5715:
5711:
5708:
5704:
5701:
5698:
5695:
5692:
5689:
5685:
5682:
5678:
5675:
5671:
5668:
5667:
5663:
5662:
5659:
5655:North America
5652:
5648:
5638:
5634:
5632:
5628:
5625:
5623:
5619:
5615:
5611:
5610:
5607:
5600:
5597:
5594:
5591:
5588:
5585:
5582:
5579:
5576:
5575:South Vietnam
5573:
5570:
5567:
5562:
5559:
5558:
5556:
5553:
5550:
5547:
5544:
5541:
5538:
5535:
5532:
5529:
5524:
5521:
5520:
5518:
5515:
5512:
5509:
5506:
5503:
5500:
5497:
5494:
5491:
5486:
5483:
5480:
5477:
5474:
5471:
5468:
5465:
5464:
5462:
5459:
5456:
5453:
5450:
5447:
5444:
5441:
5438:
5435:
5432:
5429:
5426:
5423:
5420:
5417:
5414:
5411:
5408:
5405:
5402:
5398:
5394:
5393:
5389:
5386:
5383:
5380:
5377:
5374:
5371:
5368:
5364:
5361:
5358:
5355:
5350:
5347:
5346:
5344:
5341:
5338:
5335:
5334:
5331:
5324:
5320:
5310:
5306:
5303:
5299:
5295:
5291:
5287:
5284:
5281:
5277:
5273:
5270:
5268:
5264:
5263:
5260:
5253:
5250:
5247:
5244:
5241:
5238:
5235:
5234:
5230:
5227:
5224:
5221:
5218:
5215:
5212:
5209:
5206:
5203:
5200:
5197:
5194:
5191:
5188:
5185:
5182:
5179:
5176:
5173:
5170:
5167:
5164:
5161:
5160:
5156:
5153:
5150:
5147:
5144:
5141:
5138:
5135:
5132:
5129:
5126:
5123:
5120:
5117:
5114:
5111:
5108:
5105:
5102:
5099:
5096:
5093:
5090:
5087:
5083:
5080:
5077:
5074:
5071:
5068:
5065:
5062:
5059:
5056:
5053:
5050:
5047:
5044:
5041:
5038:
5035:
5031:
5028:
5025:
5021:
5018:
5015:
5014:
5010:
5009:
5006:
4999:
4995:
4984:
4981:
4976:
4973:
4970:
4967:
4966:
4964:
4959:
4956:
4955:
4950:
4947:
4944:
4941:
4938:
4935:
4932:
4931:
4927:
4924:
4921:
4918:
4915:
4912:
4908:
4907:
4903:
4902:
4899:
4892:
4888:
4882:
4878:
4876:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4864:
4859:
4858:
4855:
4851:
4847:
4839:
4834:
4832:
4827:
4825:
4820:
4819:
4816:
4804:
4803:
4792:
4790:
4789:
4780:
4779:
4776:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4757:
4755:
4752:
4751:
4749:
4745:
4738:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4727:
4724:
4722:
4719:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4711:Richmond Hill
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4682:
4679:
4677:
4674:
4672:
4669:
4667:
4664:
4662:
4659:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4641:Charlottetown
4639:
4637:
4634:
4633:
4631:
4629:
4625:
4618:
4614:
4612:
4609:
4607:
4604:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4571:New Brunswick
4569:
4567:
4564:
4562:
4559:
4557:
4554:
4552:
4549:
4548:
4546:
4544:
4538:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4505:
4502:
4500:
4497:
4496:
4495:
4492:
4488:
4485:
4484:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4472:
4468:
4466:
4463:
4461:
4458:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4446:
4443:
4441:
4438:
4436:
4433:
4430:
4426:
4423:
4422:
4420:
4418:
4414:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4359:
4355:
4351:
4344:
4339:
4337:
4332:
4330:
4325:
4324:
4321:
4309:
4308:
4297:
4295:
4294:
4285:
4284:
4281:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4256:
4254:
4250:
4244:
4241:
4236:
4235:
4233:
4231:
4227:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4206:
4203:
4201:
4200:Avalon (1620)
4198:
4196:
4193:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4180:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4140:New Caledonia
4138:
4136:
4135:United Canada
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4120:New Brunswick
4118:
4116:
4113:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4093:Rupert's Land
4091:
4089:
4088:New Yorkshire
4086:
4084:
4081:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4060:
4059:
4057:
4055:
4050:
4046:
4040:
4037:
4032:
4031:
4029:
4027:
4023:
4017:
4014:
4009:
4008:
4006:
4002:
3996:
3993:
3988:
3987:
3985:
3983:
3979:
3973:
3970:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3955:
3954:
3952:
3950:
3946:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3927:
3925:
3921:
3918:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3903:
3902:
3900:
3898:
3894:
3888:
3887:
3886:List of forts
3883:
3881:
3880:
3879:List of towns
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3848:
3844:
3841:
3836:
3835:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3810:
3807:
3805:
3802:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3791:
3790:
3789:
3785:
3780:
3779:
3777:
3775:
3771:
3765:
3762:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3747:
3746:
3744:
3742:
3738:
3734:
3727:
3722:
3720:
3715:
3713:
3708:
3707:
3704:
3698:
3694:
3690:
3689:
3685:
3681:
3677:
3673:
3670:
3666:
3663:
3659:
3657:
3653:
3649:
3646:
3643:
3639:
3636:
3632:
3629:
3628:0-88629-148-8
3625:
3621:
3617:
3614:
3610:
3607:
3603:
3600:
3596:
3593:
3589:
3587:
3583:
3582:0-7710-1912-2
3579:
3575:
3571:
3568:
3564:
3563:
3559:
3551:
3547:
3541:
3539:
3535:
3530:
3528:0-8020-4429-8
3524:
3520:
3515:
3514:
3505:
3502:
3489:
3485:
3481:
3475:
3472:
3460:
3456:
3452:
3448:
3444:
3440:
3436:
3429:
3426:
3422:
3416:
3413:
3407:
3405:
3401:
3396:
3389:
3386:
3381:
3376:
3375:
3366:
3363:
3358:
3354:
3350:
3346:
3339:
3336:
3331:
3327:
3326:
3321:
3315:
3312:
3307:
3303:
3302:
3297:
3291:
3288:
3283:
3279:
3278:
3273:
3267:
3265:
3261:
3256:
3252:
3251:
3246:
3239:
3236:
3231:
3227:
3226:
3221:
3215:
3212:
3207:
3200:
3197:
3192:
3188:
3187:
3182:
3176:
3173:
3168:
3161:
3158:
3153:
3146:
3143:
3138:
3134:
3133:
3128:
3122:
3119:
3107:
3103:
3096:
3093:
3089:
3087:
3074:
3070:
3064:
3061:
3049:
3045:
3039:
3036:
3032:
3026:
3023:
3018:
3016:9781118320860
3012:
3008:
3007:
2999:
2996:
2989:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2956:
2952:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2934:
2930:
2925:
2918:
2915:
2912:
2911:
2907:
2904:
2901:
2900:
2896:
2893:
2890:
2889:
2885:
2882:
2879:
2878:
2874:
2871:
2868:
2867:
2863:
2860:
2857:
2856:
2852:
2844:
2842:
2840:
2839:
2833:
2831:
2827:
2823:
2819:
2818:Rupert's Land
2815:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2800:
2798:
2792:
2790:
2786:
2785:
2779:
2777:
2772:
2770:
2761:
2754:
2752:
2746:Liberal order
2745:
2743:
2739:
2735:
2733:
2728:
2726:
2722:
2721:Earl of Elgin
2714:
2709:
2705:
2703:
2692:
2689:
2681:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2657:
2656:
2652:
2647:This section
2645:
2641:
2636:
2635:
2629:
2627:
2625:
2621:
2617:
2613:
2612:
2607:
2603:
2597:
2589:
2587:
2583:
2575:
2573:
2571:
2565:
2559:
2555:
2551:
2547:
2543:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2521:
2513:
2511:
2509:
2505:
2501:
2497:
2493:
2489:
2483:
2477:
2473:
2469:
2457:
2449:
2447:
2445:
2436:
2432:
2425:
2422:
2414:
2412:
2410:
2406:
2402:
2394:
2392:
2390:
2386:
2381:
2379:
2374:
2365:
2359:
2351:
2347:
2341:
2327:
2324:
2321:
2318:
2315:
2312:
2309:
2306:
2303:
2300:
2297:
2294:
2291:
2288:
2285:
2282:
2279:
2276:
2273:
2270:
2267:
2264:
2261:
2258:
2256:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2237:
2234:
2231:
2228:
2225:
2222:
2219:
2216:
2213:
2210:
2207:
2204:
2201:
2198:
2195:
2192:
2189:
2186:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2173:
2167:
2164:
2161:
2158:
2155:
2152:
2149:
2146:
2143:
2140:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2130:
2128:
2126:
2124:
2122:
2120:
2118:
2116:
2114:
2112:
2110:
2108:
2107:
2101:
2095:
2092:
2090:
2087:
2084:
2082:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2072:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2064:
2062:
2060:
2058:
2056:
2054:
2052:
2050:
2048:
2046:
2044:
2042:
2041:
2040:
2033:
2028:
2026:
2024:
2022:
2020:
2018:
2016:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1990:
1988:
1986:
1984:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1976:
1975:
1969:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1958:
1956:
1954:
1952:
1950:
1948:
1946:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1936:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1924:
1921:
1918:
1915:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1904:
1898:
1893:
1891:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1883:
1881:
1879:
1877:
1875:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1867:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1842:
1836:
1830:
1827:
1824:
1821:
1818:
1815:
1812:
1809:
1806:
1804:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1774:
1772:
1770:
1768:
1767:
1761:
1756:
1754:
1752:
1750:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1720:
1718:
1716:
1714:
1712:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1702:
1701:
1700:
1693:
1688:
1686:
1684:
1682:
1680:
1678:
1676:
1674:
1672:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1654:
1652:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1634:
1633:
1632:
1625:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1594:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1586:
1584:
1582:
1580:
1578:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1570:
1568:
1566:
1565:
1559:
1554:
1552:
1550:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1542:
1540:
1538:
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1127:
1124:and niece of
1123:
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1101:
1099:
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1090:
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1080:
1075:
1066:
1059:
1057:
1055:
1048:
1047:Charles Bagot
1041:Charles Bagot
1039:
1032:
1030:
1028:
1024:
1023:David Willson
1020:
1016:
1012:
1005:
996:
989:
987:
980:
975:
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962:
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957:Confederation
954:
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845:
843:
839:
831:
830:Joseph Colton
826:
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677:Today part of
675:
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531:11 March 1848
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104: β
103:
99:
98:Find sources:
92:
88:
82:
81:
76:This article
74:
70:
65:
64:
59:
55:
48:
41:
37:
33:
19:
6656:
6589:
6572:
6564:
6530:
6522:
6514:
6508:Saint Helena
6506:
6450:
6442:
6292:Cook Islands
6243:
6216:New Hebrides
6185:20th century
6101:West Florida
6086:
6072:
6004:Rhode Island
5982:Pennsylvania
5940:Newfoundland
5877:
5802:
5782:
5752:East Florida
5723:16th c.β1880
5712:
5664:
5561:Crown Colony
5549:Pulo Condore
5523:Crown Colony
5517:North Borneo
5390:
5349:Protectorate
5298:unrecognised
5292:in 1965 (as
5231:
5184:South Africa
5172:Sierra Leone
5159:Saint Helena
5157:
5152:Orange River
5030:Bechuanaland
5011:
4969:Protectorate
4928:
4904:
4868:
4848:and Current
4793:
4781:
4754:Bibliography
4606:Saskatchewan
4504:Peacekeeping
4469:
4407:1982βpresent
4298:
4286:
4220:Fort Langley
4205:York Factory
4195:Cuper's Cove
4134:
3934:Newfoundland
3924:Nootka Sound
3884:
3877:
3799:Isle St-Jean
3786:
3692:
3675:
3668:
3651:
3641:
3634:
3619:
3612:
3605:
3598:
3591:
3573:
3566:
3512:
3504:
3492:. Retrieved
3488:the original
3474:
3462:. Retrieved
3442:
3438:
3428:
3420:
3415:
3394:
3388:
3373:
3365:
3348:
3344:
3338:
3332:. 1979β2016.
3323:
3314:
3308:. 1979β2016.
3299:
3290:
3284:. 1979β2016.
3275:
3248:
3238:
3232:. 1979β2016.
3223:
3214:
3205:
3199:
3193:. 1979β2016.
3184:
3175:
3166:
3160:
3151:
3145:
3139:. 1979β2016.
3130:
3121:
3109:. Retrieved
3105:
3095:
3084:
3077:. Retrieved
3063:
3051:. Retrieved
3047:
3038:
3030:
3025:
3005:
2998:
2836:
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2766:
2749:
2740:
2736:
2729:
2718:
2712:
2699:
2684:
2675:
2660:Please help
2648:
2616:Allan MacNab
2609:
2608:joined with
2599:
2585:
2523:
2503:
2492:Act of Union
2487:
2459:
2440:
2398:
2388:
2384:
2382:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2348:, father of
2254:
2176:
2104:
2037:
2036:
1972:
1901:
1839:
1764:
1697:
1696:
1629:
1628:
1562:
1500:
1438:
1368:
1260:
1225:
1206:
1187:
1161:
1134:royal assent
1119:
1092:
1077:
1050:
1015:Orange Order
1007:
984:
979:Act of Union
978:
918:
908:
876:Upper Canada
873:
860:Lower Canada
857:
841:
835:
791:
776:
759:Lower Canada
755:Upper Canada
740:
715:
711:
707:
705:
643:Lower Canada
629:Upper Canada
611:Succeeded by
610:
605:
513:Act of Union
405:β’ 1841
231:
222:Coat of arms
164:
149:
140:
130:
123:
116:
109:
97:
85:Please help
80:verification
77:
6680:45.5; -75.5
6678: /
6625:Anglosphere
6343:New Zealand
6252:New Zealand
6121:West Jersey
6036:Saint Lucia
6022:Saint Kitts
6016:Saint Croix
5996:1763β1791*
5964:Nova Scotia
5910:New England
5866:, 1691β1776
5833:East Jersey
5821:Connecticut
5700:Bay Islands
5587:Transjordan
5505:Mesopotamia
5343:Afghanistan
5337:Aden Colony
5122:Niger Coast
5088:) 1874β1957
5064:East Africa
5046:Cape Colony
5036:) 1884β1966
5026:) 1868β1966
4696:Quebec City
4651:Fredericton
4586:Nova Scotia
4511:Monarchical
4482:Immigration
4130:Cape Breton
4083:New Britain
3929:Expeditions
3829:Terre Neuve
3464:13 December
2620:A.-N. Morin
2606:Canada West
2564:Parti rouge
2550:voluntarism
2520:Clear Grits
2514:Clear Grits
2508:Clear Grits
2463:Parti rouge
2456:Parti rouge
2450:Parti rouge
2177:Independent
1440:Clear Grits
1228:upper house
1122:Lord Durham
937:Quebec City
920:The Gazette
870:Canada West
854:Canada East
848:Canada East
842:Canada West
838:Canada East
606:Preceded by
593:, 1858β1867
587:, 1841β1858
544:1 July 1867
462:Legislature
297:Quebec City
6693:Categories
6577:since 1908
6569:since 1908
6535:since 1833
6527:since 1816
6519:since 1815
6511:since 1658
6468:department
6455:since 1908
6447:since 1833
6248:since 1838
6228:Swan River
6222:Queensland
6109:1958β1962
6091:since 1666
6077:since 1799
5928:New Jersey
5898:New Albion
5882:since 1632
5879:Montserrat
5860:1629β1691
5807:since 1670
5729:1858β1866
5717:since 1619
5669:since 1650
5622:Bangladesh
5557:1841β1946
5519:1882β1963
5485:Federation
5463:1819β1826
5401:Seychelles
5345:1839β1842
5236:since 1816
5220:Tanganyika
5178:Somaliland
5166:Seychelles
5162:since 1658
5082:Gold Coast
5076:The Gambia
5020:Basutoland
5016:since 1815
4958:Free State
4951:1542β1800
4937:Heligoland
4933:since 1713
4764:Historians
4701:Saint John
4666:Lethbridge
4499:Operations
4077:New Albion
4039:Nova Dania
3868:Louisbourg
3843:Port Royal
3804:Γle Royale
3788:New France
3351:(2): 194.
2990:References
2919:1,111,566
2916:1,396,091
2845:Population
2582:Parti bleu
2576:Parti bleu
2554:free trade
1248:See also:
953:parliament
763:single one
554:Population
347:Government
143:March 2021
113:newspapers
6561:1841β1947
6548:1841β1933
6439:1831β1966
6433:1670β1688
6427:1651β1667
6421:1631β1641
6351:1914β1962
6345:1907β1947
6338:1901β1942
6336:Australia
6331:1900β1974
6325:1900β1970
6313:1893β1978
6306:1892β1979
6300:1889β1948
6294:1888β1901
6288:Rarotonga
6284:1884β1902
6278:1877β1976
6272:1874β1970
6266:1851β1901
6260:1846β1847
6254:1841β1907
6240:1836β1901
6234:1829β1901
6224:1824β1901
6218:1824β1980
6212:1807β1863
6206:1803β1901
6196:1788β1901
6129:1833β1960
6123:1674β1702
6115:1967β1983
6103:1763β1783
6097:1607β1776
6083:1849β1866
6069:1889β1962
6063:1862β1863
6057:1712β1776
6051:1635β1644
6045:1627β1979
6038:1605β1979
6031:1882β1983
6024:1623β1983
6018:1625β1650
6012:1670β1870
6006:1636β1776
6000:1853β1863
5990:1620β1691
5984:1681β1776
5978:1763β1873
5966:1713β1867
5960:1859β1870
5954:1712β1776
5948:1583β1907
5942:1907β1949
5936:1664β1776
5924:1637β1662
5922:New Haven
5918:1680β1776
5912:1686β1689
5906:1784β1867
5894:1628β1983
5888:1655β1860
5874:1632β1776
5848:1655β1962
5841:1733β1776
5835:1674β1702
5829:1701β1776
5823:1636β1776
5817:1818β1846
5799:1663β1712
5791:1867β1931
5785:1841β1867
5779:1791β1841
5773:1791β1841
5761:1762β1974
5754:1763β1783
5748:1763β1978
5742:1754β1820
5733:1866β1871
5709:1871β1981
5702:1643β1860
5696:1624β1966
5690:1670β1973
5683:1860β1981
5676:1632β1860
5601:1898β1930
5595:1892β1971
5589:1921β1946
5583:1826β1946
5577:1945β1946
5571:1946β1963
5569:Singapore
5563:1946β1963
5551:1702β1705
5545:1786β1946
5539:1923β1948
5537:Palestine
5525:1946β1963
5513:1891β1971
5507:1920β1932
5501:1762β1764
5495:1796β1965
5487:1948β1957
5481:1946β1948
5475:1885β1946
5469:1895β1946
5457:1848β1946
5451:1918β1961
5445:1811β1816
5439:1858β1947
5433:1841β1997
5431:Hong Kong
5427:1878β1960
5421:1795β1948
5415:1888β1984
5409:1824β1948
5397:Mauritius
5387:1874β1963
5375:1757β1947
5369:1812β1824
5359:1685β1824
5357:Bencoolen
5351:1879β1919
5339:1839β1967
5254:1887β1897
5248:1890β1963
5242:1890β1962
5228:1900β1910
5226:Transvaal
5222:1922β1961
5216:1899β1956
5210:1893β1968
5208:Swaziland
5204:1900β1914
5192:1915β1931
5186:1910β1931
5180:1884β1960
5174:1792β1961
5168:1903β1976
5154:1900β1910
5148:1891β1964
5146:Nyasaland
5142:1924β1964
5136:1900β1914
5130:1914β1960
5124:1884β1900
5118:1856β1910
5112:1810β1968
5110:Mauritius
5106:1807β1808
5100:1862β1906
5094:1920β1963
5078:1816β1965
5072:1882β1922
5066:1895β1920
5060:1891β1907
5054:1806β1910
5048:1795β1803
5042:1919β1961
5040:Cameroons
4977:1813β1964
4971:1800β1813
4960:1921β1931
4945:1809β1864
4939:1807β1890
4930:Gibraltar
4925:1878β1960
4919:1794β1796
4873:*Current
4726:Vancouver
4716:Saskatoon
4541:Provinces
4455:Etymology
4425:Canadians
4402:1960β1981
4397:1945β1960
4392:1914β1945
4387:1867β1914
4382:1763β1867
4377:1534β1763
4358:Year list
4230:Norwegian
4185:Red River
4179:districts
3910:New Spain
3873:Plaisance
3819:Louisiana
3494:12 August
3459:162365787
3053:28 August
2725:Loyalists
2713:Union Act
2678:July 2013
2649:does not
2602:Reformers
2558:Chartists
1126:Lord Grey
959:in 1867.
820:Geography
730:, in the
569:2,507,657
327:Religion
305:1865β1867
287:1844β1849
281:1841β1844
192:1841β1867
6636:Category
6472:Colombia
6387:Kiribati
6264:Victoria
6204:Tasmania
6095:Virginia
6061:Stickeen
6049:Saybrook
5988:Plymouth
5934:New York
5872:Maryland
5864:Province
5827:Delaware
5797:Carolina
5789:Dominion
5783:Province
5746:Dominica
5694:Barbados
5666:Anguilla
5637:disputed
5618:Pakistan
5493:Maldives
5367:Billiton
5294:Rhodesia
5280:Tanzania
5276:Cameroon
5252:Zululand
5246:Zanzibar
5034:Botswana
4788:Category
4747:Research
4731:Winnipeg
4681:Montreal
4661:Hamilton
4646:Edmonton
4636:Brampton
4561:Manitoba
4494:Military
4450:Economic
4445:Cultural
4363:Timeline
4293:Category
4215:Victoria
4170:Stickeen
4004:American
3949:Scottish
3863:Montreal
3111:10 April
3079:20 March
2926:See also
2913:1860β61
2908:890,261
2905:952,004
2902:1851β52
2894:725,879
2886:697,084
2872:455,688
1631:Patriote
1054:Rimouski
915:Montreal
911:Kingston
810:Labrador
718:) was a
710:(or the
578:Currency
354:under a
333:(modern
285:Montreal
279:Kingston
6666:75Β°30β²W
6663:45Β°30β²N
6627:culture
6381:Vanuatu
6171:Oceania
5846:Jamaica
5839:Georgia
5759:Grenada
5714:Bermuda
5688:Bahamas
5674:Antigua
5555:Sarawak
5267:Namibia
5128:Nigeria
5104:Madeira
5024:Lesotho
4983:Minorca
4949:Ireland
4917:Corsica
4844:Former
4769:Surveys
4721:Toronto
4676:Moncton
4671:Markham
4656:Halifax
4591:Nunavut
4566:Ontario
4551:Alberta
4252:Related
4210:Halifax
4054:British
4049:English
3982:Russian
3897:Spanish
3754:Vinland
3678:(2010)
3654:(1992)
2670:removed
2655:sources
2409:by-laws
2385:Premier
1766:Liberal
933:Toronto
880:Ontario
802:Ontario
714:or the
689:Ontario
537:β’
524:β’
511:β’
433:Premier
362:Monarch
317:English
291:Toronto
272:Capital
232:Anthem:
127:scholar
6646:Portal
6466:Now a
6437:Guiana
6391:Tuvalu
5994:Quebec
5766:Canada
5707:Belize
5599:Weihai
5543:Penang
5531:Padang
5461:Malaya
5455:Labuan
5449:Kuwait
5425:Cyprus
5419:Ceylon
5413:Brunei
5385:Borneo
5379:Bhutan
5373:Bengal
5309:Zambia
5240:Uganda
5002:Africa
4975:Colony
4965:Malta
4923:Cyprus
4911:Cyprus
4895:Europe
4861:Legend
4706:Regina
4691:Ottawa
4628:Cities
4596:Quebec
4521:Sports
4417:Topics
4238:Claims
4115:Canada
4103:Quebec
4062:Claims
4034:Claims
4026:Danish
4011:Claims
3990:Claims
3957:Claims
3905:Claims
3853:Quebec
3809:Canada
3794:Acadia
3782:Claims
3774:French
3759:Sites:
3697:online
3680:online
3662:online
3656:online
3626:
3586:online
3580:
3525:
3457:
3075:. 2007
3013:
2715:(1848)
2552:, and
2530:Reform
2504:rouges
2488:rouges
2474:, the
2444:Sharon
2389:Deputy
1699:Rouges
1370:Reform
1360:Total
981:, 1840
945:Ottawa
943:chose
864:Quebec
806:Quebec
694:Quebec
684:Canada
656:Canada
437:
395:
365:
321:French
303:Ottawa
262:Status
234:
183:French
179:
129:
122:
115:
108:
100:
38:, and
6389:and *
6355:Nauru
6349:Samoa
6323:Tonga
6282:Papua
5892:Nevis
5777:Upper
5771:Lower
5614:India
5479:Union
5437:India
5407:Burma
5363:Banka
5214:Sudan
5116:Natal
5098:Lagos
5092:Kenya
5086:Ghana
5070:Egypt
4611:Yukon
4531:Women
4112:Upper
4108:Lower
3967:Sites
3741:Norse
3455:S2CID
2891:1848
2880:1844
2869:1841
2858:Year
2789:Marcy
2611:bleus
2255:Total
2039:Bleus
1351:Total
1342:Total
1333:Total
1324:Total
1315:Total
1306:Total
1297:Total
1286:1863
1283:1861
1280:1858
1277:1854
1274:1851
1271:1848
1268:1844
1265:1841
751:Crown
134:JSTOR
120:books
6385:Now
6379:Now
6329:Niue
6270:Fiji
5972:1843
5900:1579
5620:and
5612:Now
5443:Java
5399:and
5365:and
5327:Asia
5307:Now
5265:Now
4110:and
3624:ISBN
3578:ISBN
3523:ISBN
3496:2012
3466:2016
3349:XVII
3113:2022
3081:2008
3055:2015
3011:ISBN
2883:n/a
2875:n/a
2812:The
2781:The
2767:The
2653:any
2651:cite
2618:and
2460:The
2378:both
2328:130
1903:Tory
1261:Year
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