3268:
819:
1140:
3262:
272:
Physical
Laboratory had developed UTC, with a similar stepping approach. The 1960 URSI meeting recommended that all time services should follow the lead of the UK and US and broadcast coordinated time using a frequency offset from cesium aimed to match the predicted progression of UT2 with occasional steps as needed. Starting 1 January 1972, UTC was defined to follow UT1 within 0.9 seconds rather than UT2, marking the decline of UT2.
3043:
175:
3053:
2054:
869:) to this atomic time is needed since (as of 2019) 'broadcast time' remains broadly synchronised with solar time. Thus, the civil broadcast standard for time and frequency usually follows International Atomic Time closely, but occasionally step (or "leap") in order to prevent them from drifting too far from mean solar time.
271:
broadcast an atomic clock signal stepped by 20 ms increments to bring it into agreement with UT1. The up to 20 ms error from UT1 is on the same order of magnitude as the differences between UT0, UT1, and UT2. By 1960, the U.S. Naval
Observatory, the Royal Greenwich Observatory, and the UK National
259:
adopted a proposal by
William Markowitz, effective 1 January 1956, dividing UT into UT0 (UT as formerly computed), UT1 (UT0 corrected for polar motion) and UT2 (UT0 corrected for polar motion and seasonal variation). UT1 was the version sufficient for "many astronomical and geodetic applications",
1113:
913:
is
Universal Time determined at an observatory by observing the diurnal motion of stars or extragalactic radio sources, and also from ranging observations of the Moon and artificial Earth satellites. The location of the observatory is considered to have fixed coordinates in a
936:
is a smoothed version of UT1, filtering out periodic variations due to tides. It includes 62 smoothing terms, with periods ranging from 5.6 days to 18.6 years. UT1R is still in use in the technical literature but rarely used
2058:
202:. The purpose of this was to keep one night's observations under one date. The civil system was adopted as of 0 hours (civil) 1 January 1925. Nautical GMT began 24 hours before astronomical GMT, at least until 1805 in the
194:, counted from 0 hours at Greenwich mean midnight. This agreed with the civil Greenwich Mean Time used on the island of Great Britain since 1847. In contrast, astronomical GMT began at mean noon, i.e. astronomical day
952:
3166:
827:
248:
starting at noon or a civil day starting at midnight. As the general public had always begun the day at midnight, the timescale continued to be presented to them as
Greenwich Mean Time.
3089:
799:
in the sky. But astronomers found that it was more accurate to measure the rotation of the Earth by observing stars as they crossed the meridian each day. Nowadays, UT in relation to
926:. UT0 does not contain any correction for polar motion while UT1 does include them. The difference between UT0 and UT1 is on the order of a few tens of milliseconds. The designation
190:. At the end of this conference, on 22 October 1884, the recommended base reference for world time, the "universal day", was announced to be the local mean solar time at the
891:, are followed. Next, the time scales based on Earth's rotation are not uniform and therefore, are not suitable for predicting the motion of bodies in our solar system.
182:
As international commerce increased, the need for an international standard of time measurement emerged. Several authors proposed a "universal" or "cosmic" time (see
236:) was introduced by the International Astronomical Union to refer to GMT, with the day starting at midnight. The term was recommended as a more precise term than
691:
Aden, Ascension I., Bahrain, British
Somaliland, Calcutta, Dutch Guiana, Kenya, Federated Malay States, Oman, Straits Settlements, St. Helena, Uganda, Zanzibar
3082:
865:(TT). Because Universal Time is determined by the Earth's rotation, which drifts away from more precise atomic-frequency standards, an adjustment (called a
781:
and surrounding areas, all time zones in use are defined by an offset from UTC that is a multiple of half an hour, and in most cases a multiple of an hour.
919:
943:
is a smoothed version of UT1, filtering out periodic seasonal variations. It is mostly of historic interest and rarely used anymore. It is defined by
3620:
178:
Standard time zones of the world. The number at the bottom of each zone specifies the number of hours to add to UTC to convert it to the local time.
1290:
Decoupling civil timekeeping from Earth rotation: proceedings of a colloquium exploring implications of redefining
Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)
73:
at 0° longitude, precise measurements of the Sun are difficult. Therefore, UT1 is computed from a measure of the Earth's angle with respect to the
3075:
2652:
2488:
74:
155:, to solve this problem: all clocks in Britain were set to this time regardless of local solar noon. Using telescopes, GMT was calibrated to the
1164:
2117:
1953:
835:
206:, but persisted much later elsewhere because it was mentioned at the 1884 conference. Greenwich was chosen because by 1884 two-thirds of all
123:, each municipality throughout the clock-using world set its official clock, if it had one, according to the local position of the Sun (see
3589:
1933:
1108:{\displaystyle UT2=UT1+0.022\cdot \sin(2\pi t)-0.012\cdot \cos(2\pi t)-0.006\cdot \sin(4\pi t)+0.007\cdot \cos(4\pi t)\;{\mbox{seconds}}}
501:
Portugal and overseas possessions, other French possessions, Samoa, Hawaii, Midway and Guam, Timor, Bismarck Arch., Jamaica, Bahamas Is.
1465:"On the Determination of Universal Time by the Time Services according to the Decisions of the General Assembly of the I.A.U. in Dublin"
902:
is the principal form of
Universal Time. However, there are also several other infrequently used time standards that are referred to as
1547:
1297:
3340:
1993:
1974:
1896:
1816:
804:
187:
1719:
There are two other forms of
Universal Time you are unlikely to encounter unless you dig into some very technical literature. UT1R
291:
better than one second is not required, UTC can be used as an approximation of UT1. The difference between UT1 and UTC is known as
1442:
831:
1471:
2602:
2257:
2069:
2036:
2063:
3413:
2481:
1568:
1303:
818:
3594:
857:
seconds, the traditional number of seconds per day. As UT is thus slightly irregular in its rate, astronomers introduced
2564:
1159:
191:
160:
82:
3549:
3529:
3475:
3360:
3196:
2855:
1906:
1438:
915:
2767:
3851:
3216:
3201:
3139:
3118:
2207:
2187:
1193:
884:
872:
766:
264:
222:
148:
41:
3370:
3181:
2918:
2647:
2197:
2110:
1633:
800:
256:
822:
An 1853 "Universal Dial Plate" showing the relative times of "all nations" before the adoption of universal time
303:
The table shows the dates of adoption of time zones based on the
Greenwich meridian, including half-hour zones.
2617:
922:) but the position of the rotational axis of the Earth wanders over the surface of the Earth; this is known as
778:
774:
1336:
3630:
3408:
3310:
3226:
3221:
2873:
2524:
2087:
2227:
128:
3783:
2688:
2633:
2587:
2572:
2217:
1706:
1189:
879:
and other solar system objects, for two main reasons. First, these ephemerides are tied to optical and
131:, which made it possible to travel fast enough over long distances to require continuous re-setting of
3846:
3610:
3524:
3350:
3211:
2939:
2908:
2357:
2252:
2103:
1836:
78:
34:
221:
During the period between 1848 and 1972, all of the major countries adopted time zones based on the
3820:
3615:
3470:
3335:
3287:
3156:
2813:
2272:
2232:
1700:
790:
762:
268:
140:
66:
3795:
3569:
3493:
3423:
2762:
2740:
2607:
2431:
2402:
2337:
2330:
1852:
1562:
888:
842:
164:
152:
1910:
1388:
1139:
3643:
3508:
3325:
2843:
2722:
2622:
2475:
2378:
2282:
1989:
1970:
1949:
1892:
1812:
1293:
1215:
3056:
3788:
3534:
3513:
3465:
3428:
3241:
2961:
2949:
2777:
2745:
2577:
2446:
2362:
2352:
2267:
1925:
1844:
862:
245:
834:
also is involved in setting standards, but the final arbiter of broadcast standards is the
3519:
3498:
3330:
3302:
3023:
2888:
2865:
2833:
2785:
2772:
2735:
2717:
2347:
2342:
1773:
841:
The rotation of the Earth is somewhat irregular and also is very gradually slowing due to
770:
156:
144:
70:
2012:
1786:
139:
progressed in its daily run through several towns. Starting in 1847, Britain established
1840:
875:(TDB), a form of atomic time, is now used in the construction of the ephemerides of the
3815:
3574:
3564:
3503:
3460:
3292:
3282:
3251:
3123:
2966:
2956:
2755:
2627:
2597:
2582:
2367:
2325:
2320:
1885:
1153:
858:
850:
215:
207:
17:
1501:
1450:
3840:
3702:
3653:
3638:
3584:
3355:
3191:
3186:
3102:
3046:
2996:
2944:
2878:
2850:
2838:
2828:
2818:
2700:
2544:
2470:
2419:
2372:
2287:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2170:
1964:
1856:
1848:
1806:
1802:
1464:
120:
62:
174:
3800:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3664:
3403:
3018:
3012:
2678:
2612:
2534:
2465:
2414:
2262:
2202:
2073:
1753:
1731:
1145:
923:
85:). UT1 is the same everywhere on Earth. UT1 is required to follow the relationship
1282:
3067:
1865:
3810:
3805:
3450:
3433:
3365:
3345:
3231:
3113:
3028:
3006:
2913:
2898:
2693:
2673:
2663:
2592:
2549:
2529:
2458:
2277:
2179:
1255:
866:
845:. Furthermore, the length of the second was determined from observations of the
252:
1254:
Continuation of this principle is under active debate in standards bodies. See
1192:
stations from 1847 and thus widespread informal adoption, it was not until the
3825:
3778:
3762:
3648:
3554:
3375:
3236:
3206:
3144:
2923:
2823:
2730:
2705:
2508:
2292:
1135:
493:
France, Algeria, Tunis, many French overseas possessions, British West Indies
287:
as well as in astronomical almanacs and other references. Whenever a level of
284:
276:
203:
168:
124:
108:
2092:
by Clark Blaise: a biography of Sanford Fleming and the idea of standard time
795:
Historically, Universal Time was computed from observing the position of the
3722:
3559:
3443:
3418:
3398:
3315:
3267:
3261:
3246:
2986:
2903:
2539:
2451:
2426:
2407:
2297:
1169:
183:
883:
observations of planetary motion, and the TDB time scale is fitted so that
1227:
Legal time reverted to Amsterdam time 1909; to Central European Time 1940.
3757:
3737:
3579:
3485:
3385:
3176:
3171:
2554:
2315:
2307:
2165:
2155:
1651:
1292:. Analytical Graphics, Inc., Exton, Pa.: American Astronautical Society.
1281:
Seago, John H.; Seidelmann, P. Kenneth; Allen, Steve (5â7 October 2011).
815:), a method which can determine UT1 to within 15 microseconds or better.
288:
3752:
3742:
3672:
3544:
3455:
3320:
2893:
2883:
2805:
2796:
2781:
2683:
2668:
2513:
2436:
2145:
1517:
1515:
255:
were based on UT, and hence on the rotation of the Earth. In 1955 the
3747:
3697:
3692:
2991:
2150:
1632:, p. 7. Strictly speaking, a major producer of ephemerides, the
876:
812:
1929:
1827:
Guinot, Bernard (July 2011). "Solar time, legal time, time in use".
807:(VLBI) observations of the positions of distant celestial objects (
389:
Bulgaria, Denmark, Norway, Switzerland, Romania, Turkey (railways)
3727:
3539:
3438:
3393:
3001:
2750:
2441:
2397:
2389:
2028:
2007:(3rd ed.). Mill Valley, California: University Science Books.
1781:. ITU-R Special Rapporteur Group Colloquium on the UTC Time Scale.
880:
817:
173:
136:
132:
1283:"Legislative Specifications for Coordinating with Universal Time"
3732:
3717:
3707:
3161:
3098:
2140:
2126:
1122:
853:, on the average, to be slightly longer than the nominal 86,400
846:
808:
292:
3071:
2099:
3712:
1758:
IERS Rapid Service / Prediction Center, U.S. Naval Observatory
1736:
IERS Rapid Service / Prediction Center, U.S. Naval Observatory
796:
263:
UT0 and UT2 soon became irrelevant due to the introduction of
211:
849:
between 1750 and 1890. All of these factors cause the modern
283:
persists in common usage to this day in reference to UT1, in
306:
2015:. International Earth Rotation and Reference System Service
854:
3167:
International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service
1581:
828:
International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service
469:
India (except Calcutta), Ceylon (Sri Lanka), Seychelles
260:
while UT2 was to be broadcast over radio to the public.
27:
Time standard based on the slowing rotation of the Earth
2095:
1772:
Arias, E. F.; Guinot, B.; Quinn, T. J. (29 May 2003).
1099:
826:
The rotation of the Earth and UT are monitored by the
1988:. Mill Valley, California: University Science Books.
955:
127:). This served adequately until the introduction of
3771:
3662:
3629:
3603:
3484:
3384:
3301:
3275:
3132:
2979:
2932:
2864:
2804:
2794:
2716:
2643:
2563:
2504:
2388:
2306:
2216:
2178:
2164:
2133:
1808:
Einstein's clocks, Poincaré's maps: Empires of time
1754:"Common Units and Conversions in Earth Orientation"
1732:"Common Units and Conversions in Earth Orientation"
279:generally follows UTC. In some countries, the term
2005:Explanatory Supplement to the Astronomical Almanac
2003:Urban, Sean; Seidelmann, P. Kenneth, eds. (2013).
1986:Explanatory supplement to the Astronomical Almanac
1948:. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.
1884:
1617:
1593:
1521:
1424:
1412:
1319:
1107:
186:). The development of Universal Time began at the
1944:McCarthy, Dennis; Seidelmann, P. Kenneth (2009).
1875:Greenwich Time and the discovery of the longitude
1487:
1675:
1629:
1605:
1823:Discusses the history of time standardization.
1787:"Earth Rotation Variations Due to Zonal Tides"
1652:"Time Scales: UT1, UTC, TAI, ET, TT, GPS time"
1536:, pp. 154â5. Names have not been updated.
89:ERA = 2Ï(0.7790572732640 + 1.00273781191135448
3083:
2111:
8:
1330:
1328:
906:, which agree within 0.03 seconds with UT1:
659:Cayman Is., Curaçao, Ecuador, Newfoundland
381:Italy, Germany, Austria-Hungary (railways)
3090:
3076:
3068:
2801:
2175:
2118:
2104:
2096:
1946:TIMEâFrom Earth Rotation to Atomic Physics
1640:, which is functionally equivalent to TDB.
1097:
81:(ERA, which serves as the replacement for
33:"UT1" redirects here. For other uses, see
1966:Keeping watch: A history of American time
1864:HM Nautical Almanac Office (April 2015).
1098:
954:
920:International Terrestrial Reference Frame
453:China Coast, Korea, Manchuria, N. Borneo
3621:International Commission on Stratigraphy
1337:"Why Britain Sets Its Clocks To London"
1276:
1274:
1270:
1181:
171:were used to synchronize these clocks.
75:International Celestial Reference Frame
1560:
1502:"Seasonal Variation of Earth Rotation"
1477:from the original on 15 December 2021.
1470:. Bulletin Horaire. JulyâAugust 1955.
1194:Statutes (Definition of Time) Act 1880
1165:List of international common standards
555:Guatemala, Panama, Gambia, Gold Coast
1775:Rotation of the Earth and Time scales
1533:
1400:
1384:
1372:
1360:
836:International Telecommunication Union
635:Barbados, Bolivia, Dutch East Indies
535:
313:
184:Time zone § Worldwide time zones
7:
3052:
2033:Astronomical Applications Department
1939:from the original on 9 October 2022.
1877:. Oxford Univ Press. pp. 154â5.
1687:
1309:from the original on 9 October 2022.
1245:24 hours of 60 minutes of 60 seconds
373:Belgium, the Netherlands, S. Africa
1546:Stafford, E. W. (30 October 1868).
1322:, pp. 15â17, 62â64, 68â69, 76.
861:, which has since been replaced by
791:Earth's rotation § Measurement
1811:. New York: W.W. Norton & Co.
1636:, uses a time scale they derive, T
1256:Leap second#Future of leap seconds
769:(UTC+12:45) used in New Zealand's
25:
3341:Discrete time and continuous time
1789:. Paris: Earth Orientation Center
805:Very Long Baseline Interferometry
188:International Meridian Conference
3266:
3260:
3051:
3042:
3041:
2057: This article incorporates
2052:
1887:Greenwich Time and the Longitude
1205:Voting took place on 13 October.
1138:
832:International Astronomical Union
773:and the officially unsanctioned
571:Argentina, Uruguay, Burma, Siam
2070:General Services Administration
2037:United States Naval Observatory
1984:Seidelmann, P. Kenneth (1992).
1582:HM Nautical Almanac Office 2015
1121:is the time as fraction of the
3414:History of timekeeping devices
1969:. Washington DC: Smithsonian.
1879:. Names have not been updated.
1701:"A Brief Note on Time Systems"
1618:McCarthy & Seidelmann 2009
1594:McCarthy & Seidelmann 2009
1522:McCarthy & Seidelmann 2009
1488:Arias, Guinot & Quinn 2003
1425:McCarthy & Seidelmann 2009
1413:McCarthy & Seidelmann 2009
1335:Harry Rosehill (31 May 2017).
1320:McCarthy & Seidelmann 2009
1094:
1082:
1064:
1052:
1034:
1022:
1004:
992:
192:Royal Observatory in Greenwich
1:
1188:Despite its mandatory use on
579:Finland, Estonia, Costa Rica
299:Adoption in various countries
119:Prior to the introduction of
1443:"William Markowitz Obituary"
1160:Earth orientation parameters
161:Royal Observatory, Greenwich
83:Greenwich Mean Sidereal Time
3361:Gravitational time dilation
3197:Barycentric Coordinate Time
2856:Geological history of Earth
1676:Urban & Seidelmann 2013
1630:Urban & Seidelmann 2013
1606:Urban & Seidelmann 2013
930:is no longer in common use.
916:terrestrial reference frame
251:When introduced, broadcast
198:began at noon of civil day
3868:
3217:Geocentric Coordinate Time
3202:Barycentric Dynamical Time
3140:Coordinated Universal Time
2208:Orders of magnitude (time)
1963:O'Malley, Michael (1996).
1849:10.1088/0026-1394/48/4/S08
1567:: CS1 maint: url-status (
873:Barycentric Dynamical Time
788:
767:Chatham Standard Time Zone
538:
517:Albania, Brazil, Colombia
509:British Honduras, Dahomey
316:
265:Coordinated Universal Time
69:. While originally it was
42:Coordinated Universal Time
31:
3371:Time-translation symmetry
3258:
3182:International Atomic Time
3109:
3037:
2919:Time translation symmetry
1705:Department of Astronomy,
1634:Jet Propulsion Laboratory
1548:"The New Zealand Gazette"
801:International Atomic Time
775:Central Western Time Zone
699:Rarotonga, South Georgia
413:Puerto Rico, Philippines
267:(UTC). Starting in 1956,
244:could refer to either an
214:already used it as their
779:Eucla, Western Australia
723:Friendly Is., Tonga Is.
333:Ireland (entire island)
40:Not to be confused with
3631:Astronomical chronology
3604:Archaeology and geology
3311:Absolute space and time
3227:IERS Reference Meridian
3222:International Date Line
3133:International standards
2874:Absolute space and time
2525:Astronomical chronology
2029:"Terrestrial Time (TT)"
1918:Proceedings of the IEEE
1555:The New Zealand Gazette
887:, with corrections for
885:Newton's laws of motion
803:(TAI) is determined by
525:Greece, Poland, Turkey
111:UT1 date â 2451545.0).
18:Universal Standard Time
2924:Time reversal symmetry
2228:Italian six-hour clock
2065:Federal Standard 1037C
2059:public domain material
1447:U.S. Naval Observatory
1109:
823:
421:Sweden, Egypt, Alaska
341:Canada, United States
179:
129:rail travel in Britain
3590:Weekday determination
3476:Sundial markup schema
2689:Time and fate deities
2634:The Unreality of Time
2573:A series and B series
1883:Howse, Derek (1997).
1873:Howse, Derek (1980).
1866:"World Time Zone Map"
1707:Ohio State University
1190:Great Western Railway
1110:
821:
651:Labrador, Norfolk I.
437:Mozambique, Rhodesia
177:
3611:Chronological dating
3351:Theory of relativity
3212:Daylight saving time
2940:Chronological dating
2909:Theory of relativity
2253:Daylight saving time
1453:on 15 December 2018.
1441:(15 December 2018).
953:
715:Maldive I. Republic
667:Fernando Po, Persia
643:Nicaragua, E. Niger
79:Earth Rotation Angle
35:UT1 (disambiguation)
3821:Time value of money
3616:Geologic time scale
3471:History of sundials
3336:Cosmological decade
3288:Greenwich Mean Time
3119:Orders of magnitude
2233:Thai six-hour clock
2076:on 22 January 2022.
1911:"Astronomical Time"
1907:McCarthy, Dennis D.
1841:2011Metro..48S.181G
1375:, pp. 12, 137.
1196:that it became law.
777:(UTC+8:45) used in
763:Nepal Standard Time
485:Faroe Is., Iceland
445:Ts'intao, Tientsin
281:Greenwich Mean Time
238:Greenwich Mean Time
141:Greenwich Mean Time
77:(ICRF), called the
3796:Mental chronometry
3424:Marine chronometer
3276:Obsolete standards
2763:Rosy retrospection
2741:Mental chronometry
2565:Philosophy of time
1891:. Phillip Wilson.
1105:
1103:
895:Alternate versions
889:general relativity
843:tidal acceleration
824:
477:Mauritius, Chagos
228:In 1928, the term
223:Greenwich meridian
180:
153:Greenwich, England
3852:Time in astronomy
3834:
3833:
3644:Nuclear timescale
3326:Continuous signal
3065:
3064:
2975:
2974:
2950:Circadian rhythms
2768:Tenseâaspectâmood
2623:Temporal finitism
2500:
2499:
2476:Grandfather clock
1955:978-3-527-40780-4
1415:, pp. 10â11.
1216:Standard Time Act
1102:
765:(UTC+05:45), the
758:
757:
751:
750:
529:
528:
405:Formosa (Taiwan)
397:Australia, Natal
285:civil timekeeping
16:(Redirected from
3859:
3535:Dominical letter
3466:Equation of time
3429:Marine sandglass
3270:
3264:
3242:Terrestrial Time
3099:Time measurement
3092:
3085:
3078:
3069:
3055:
3054:
3045:
3044:
2962:Glottochronology
2802:
2718:Human experience
2578:B-theory of time
2176:
2120:
2113:
2106:
2097:
2078:
2077:
2072:. Archived from
2056:
2055:
2047:
2045:
2043:
2024:
2022:
2020:
2008:
1999:
1980:
1959:
1940:
1938:
1915:
1902:
1890:
1878:
1869:
1860:
1835:(4): S181âS185.
1822:
1798:
1796:
1794:
1782:
1780:
1768:
1766:
1764:
1740:
1739:
1728:
1722:
1721:
1716:
1714:
1697:
1691:
1685:
1679:
1673:
1667:
1666:
1664:
1662:
1650:Schlyter, Paul.
1647:
1641:
1627:
1621:
1615:
1609:
1603:
1597:
1596:, pp. 68â9.
1591:
1585:
1579:
1573:
1572:
1566:
1558:
1552:
1543:
1537:
1531:
1525:
1519:
1510:
1509:
1497:
1491:
1485:
1479:
1478:
1476:
1469:
1461:
1455:
1454:
1449:. Archived from
1439:McCarthy, Dennis
1434:
1428:
1422:
1416:
1410:
1404:
1398:
1392:
1382:
1376:
1370:
1364:
1358:
1352:
1351:
1349:
1347:
1332:
1323:
1317:
1311:
1310:
1308:
1287:
1278:
1258:
1252:
1246:
1243:
1237:
1234:
1228:
1225:
1219:
1212:
1206:
1203:
1197:
1186:
1148:
1143:
1142:
1114:
1112:
1111:
1106:
1104:
1100:
863:Terrestrial Time
683:The Netherlands
563:Latvia, Nigeria
547:Iraq, Palestine
533:
532:
311:
310:
307:
246:astronomical day
91: · T
67:Earth's rotation
45:
38:
21:
3867:
3866:
3862:
3861:
3860:
3858:
3857:
3856:
3837:
3836:
3835:
3830:
3767:
3658:
3625:
3599:
3480:
3380:
3331:Coordinate time
3303:Time in physics
3297:
3271:
3265:
3256:
3128:
3105:
3096:
3066:
3061:
3033:
3024:Time immemorial
2971:
2928:
2889:Coordinate time
2860:
2814:Geological time
2790:
2773:Time management
2736:Generation time
2720:
2712:
2657:
2639:
2559:
2518:
2496:
2384:
2302:
2219:
2212:
2168:
2160:
2129:
2124:
2084:
2062:
2053:
2051:
2041:
2039:
2027:
2018:
2016:
2011:
2002:
1996:
1983:
1977:
1962:
1956:
1943:
1936:
1930:10.1109/5.84967
1913:
1905:
1899:
1882:
1872:
1863:
1826:
1819:
1801:
1792:
1790:
1785:
1778:
1771:
1762:
1760:
1752:
1749:
1744:
1743:
1730:
1729:
1725:
1712:
1710:
1699:
1698:
1694:
1686:
1682:
1674:
1670:
1660:
1658:
1656:stjarnhimlen.se
1649:
1648:
1644:
1639:
1628:
1624:
1616:
1612:
1604:
1600:
1592:
1588:
1580:
1576:
1559:
1550:
1545:
1544:
1540:
1532:
1528:
1520:
1513:
1499:
1498:
1494:
1486:
1482:
1474:
1467:
1463:
1462:
1458:
1436:
1435:
1431:
1423:
1419:
1411:
1407:
1399:
1395:
1383:
1379:
1371:
1367:
1359:
1355:
1345:
1343:
1334:
1333:
1326:
1318:
1314:
1306:
1300:
1285:
1280:
1279:
1272:
1267:
1262:
1261:
1253:
1249:
1244:
1240:
1235:
1231:
1226:
1222:
1214:legal in 1918 (
1213:
1209:
1204:
1200:
1187:
1183:
1178:
1144:
1137:
1134:
951:
950:
897:
793:
787:
771:Chatham Islands
759:
301:
208:nautical charts
157:mean solar time
145:mean solar time
117:
105:
94:
71:mean solar time
46:
39:
32:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3865:
3863:
3855:
3854:
3849:
3839:
3838:
3832:
3831:
3829:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3816:Time metrology
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3792:
3791:
3781:
3775:
3773:
3772:Related topics
3769:
3768:
3766:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3669:
3667:
3660:
3659:
3657:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3635:
3633:
3627:
3626:
3624:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3607:
3605:
3601:
3600:
3598:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3490:
3488:
3482:
3481:
3479:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3461:Dialing scales
3458:
3453:
3448:
3447:
3446:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3390:
3388:
3382:
3381:
3379:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3307:
3305:
3299:
3298:
3296:
3295:
3293:Prime meridian
3290:
3285:
3283:Ephemeris time
3279:
3277:
3273:
3272:
3259:
3257:
3255:
3254:
3252:180th meridian
3249:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3209:
3204:
3199:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3148:
3147:
3136:
3134:
3130:
3129:
3127:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3110:
3107:
3106:
3097:
3095:
3094:
3087:
3080:
3072:
3063:
3062:
3060:
3059:
3049:
3038:
3035:
3034:
3032:
3031:
3026:
3021:
3016:
3009:
3004:
2999:
2994:
2989:
2983:
2981:
2977:
2976:
2973:
2972:
2970:
2969:
2967:Time geography
2964:
2959:
2957:Clock reaction
2954:
2953:
2952:
2942:
2936:
2934:
2930:
2929:
2927:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2896:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2870:
2868:
2862:
2861:
2859:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2847:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2810:
2808:
2799:
2792:
2791:
2789:
2788:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2760:
2759:
2758:
2756:time signature
2753:
2743:
2738:
2733:
2727:
2725:
2714:
2713:
2711:
2710:
2709:
2708:
2698:
2697:
2696:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2660:
2658:
2656:
2655:
2650:
2644:
2641:
2640:
2638:
2637:
2630:
2628:Temporal parts
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2598:Eternal return
2595:
2590:
2585:
2583:Chronocentrism
2580:
2575:
2569:
2567:
2561:
2560:
2558:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2521:
2519:
2517:
2516:
2511:
2505:
2502:
2501:
2498:
2497:
2495:
2494:
2493:
2492:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2462:
2461:
2456:
2455:
2454:
2449:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2423:
2422:
2412:
2411:
2410:
2394:
2392:
2386:
2385:
2383:
2382:
2375:
2370:
2368:Hindu Panchang
2365:
2360:
2355:
2350:
2345:
2340:
2335:
2334:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2312:
2310:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2224:
2222:
2214:
2213:
2211:
2210:
2205:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2184:
2182:
2173:
2162:
2161:
2159:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2143:
2137:
2135:
2131:
2130:
2125:
2123:
2122:
2115:
2108:
2100:
2094:
2093:
2083:
2082:External links
2080:
2049:
2048:
2025:
2009:
2000:
1994:
1981:
1975:
1960:
1954:
1941:
1924:(7): 915â920.
1903:
1897:
1880:
1870:
1861:
1824:
1817:
1803:Galison, Peter
1799:
1783:
1769:
1748:
1745:
1742:
1741:
1723:
1692:
1680:
1668:
1642:
1637:
1622:
1610:
1608:, p. 175.
1598:
1586:
1574:
1538:
1526:
1511:
1500:Allen, Steve.
1492:
1480:
1456:
1437:Dick, Steven;
1429:
1417:
1405:
1393:
1377:
1365:
1353:
1324:
1312:
1299:978-0877035763
1298:
1269:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1260:
1259:
1247:
1238:
1229:
1220:
1207:
1198:
1180:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1154:Airy mean time
1150:
1149:
1133:
1130:
1129:
1128:
1127:
1126:
1123:Besselian year
1115:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1000:
997:
994:
991:
988:
985:
982:
979:
976:
973:
970:
967:
964:
961:
958:
945:
944:
938:
931:
904:Universal Time
896:
893:
859:Ephemeris Time
851:mean solar day
786:
783:
756:
755:
749:
748:
745:
741:
740:
737:
733:
732:
729:
725:
724:
721:
717:
716:
713:
709:
708:
705:
701:
700:
697:
693:
692:
689:
685:
684:
681:
677:
676:
673:
669:
668:
665:
661:
660:
657:
653:
652:
649:
645:
644:
641:
637:
636:
633:
629:
628:
625:
621:
620:
617:
613:
612:
609:
605:
604:
601:
597:
596:
593:
589:
588:
585:
581:
580:
577:
573:
572:
569:
565:
564:
561:
557:
556:
553:
549:
548:
545:
541:
540:
537:
530:
527:
526:
523:
519:
518:
515:
511:
510:
507:
503:
502:
499:
495:
494:
491:
487:
486:
483:
479:
478:
475:
471:
470:
467:
463:
462:
459:
455:
454:
451:
447:
446:
443:
439:
438:
435:
431:
430:
427:
423:
422:
419:
415:
414:
411:
407:
406:
403:
399:
398:
395:
391:
390:
387:
383:
382:
379:
375:
374:
371:
367:
366:
363:
359:
358:
355:
351:
350:
347:
343:
342:
339:
335:
334:
331:
327:
326:
325:Great Britain
323:
319:
318:
315:
305:
300:
297:
230:Universal Time
216:prime meridian
149:Prime Meridian
116:
113:
103:
98:
97:
92:
51:Universal Time
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3864:
3853:
3850:
3848:
3845:
3844:
3842:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3790:
3787:
3786:
3785:
3782:
3780:
3777:
3776:
3774:
3770:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3670:
3668:
3666:
3665:units of time
3661:
3655:
3654:Sidereal time
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3639:Galactic year
3637:
3636:
3634:
3632:
3628:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3608:
3606:
3602:
3596:
3595:Weekday names
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3585:Tropical year
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3571:
3568:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3550:Intercalation
3548:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:(lunar Hijri)
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3491:
3489:
3487:
3483:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3467:
3464:
3462:
3459:
3457:
3454:
3452:
3449:
3445:
3442:
3441:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3391:
3389:
3387:
3383:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3356:Time dilation
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3304:
3300:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3280:
3278:
3274:
3269:
3263:
3253:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3218:
3215:
3213:
3210:
3208:
3205:
3203:
3200:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3192:24-hour clock
3190:
3188:
3187:12-hour clock
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3146:
3143:
3142:
3141:
3138:
3137:
3135:
3131:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3111:
3108:
3104:
3100:
3093:
3088:
3086:
3081:
3079:
3074:
3073:
3070:
3058:
3050:
3048:
3040:
3039:
3036:
3030:
3027:
3025:
3022:
3020:
3017:
3015:
3014:
3010:
3008:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2998:
2995:
2993:
2990:
2988:
2985:
2984:
2982:
2978:
2968:
2965:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2951:
2948:
2947:
2946:
2945:Chronobiology
2943:
2941:
2938:
2937:
2935:
2931:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2910:
2907:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
2895:
2892:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2879:Arrow of time
2877:
2875:
2872:
2871:
2869:
2867:
2863:
2857:
2854:
2852:
2851:Geochronology
2849:
2845:
2842:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2816:
2815:
2812:
2811:
2809:
2807:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2793:
2787:
2783:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2748:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2728:
2726:
2724:
2719:
2715:
2707:
2704:
2703:
2702:
2701:Wheel of time
2699:
2695:
2692:
2691:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2661:
2659:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2645:
2642:
2636:
2635:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2571:
2570:
2568:
2566:
2562:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2545:Periodization
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2528:
2526:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2506:
2503:
2491:
2490:
2486:
2485:
2484:
2483:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2471:Digital clock
2469:
2467:
2464:
2460:
2457:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2444:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2421:
2418:
2417:
2416:
2413:
2409:
2406:
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2400:
2399:
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2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2248:Relative hour
2246:
2244:
2243:24-hour clock
2241:
2239:
2238:12-hour clock
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2221:
2215:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
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2139:
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2101:
2098:
2091:
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2086:
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2081:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2066:
2060:
2038:
2034:
2030:
2026:
2014:
2010:
2006:
2001:
1997:
1995:0-935702-68-7
1991:
1987:
1982:
1978:
1976:1-56098-672-7
1972:
1968:
1967:
1961:
1957:
1951:
1947:
1942:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1923:
1919:
1912:
1909:(July 1991).
1908:
1904:
1900:
1898:0-85667-468-0
1894:
1889:
1888:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1867:
1862:
1858:
1854:
1850:
1846:
1842:
1838:
1834:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1818:0-393-02001-0
1814:
1810:
1809:
1804:
1800:
1788:
1784:
1777:
1776:
1770:
1759:
1755:
1751:
1750:
1746:
1737:
1733:
1727:
1724:
1720:
1709:
1708:
1702:
1696:
1693:
1689:
1684:
1681:
1678:, p. 81.
1677:
1672:
1669:
1657:
1653:
1646:
1643:
1635:
1631:
1626:
1623:
1619:
1614:
1611:
1607:
1602:
1599:
1595:
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1564:
1556:
1549:
1542:
1539:
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1530:
1527:
1523:
1518:
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1507:
1503:
1496:
1493:
1489:
1484:
1481:
1473:
1466:
1460:
1457:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1433:
1430:
1427:, p. 14.
1426:
1421:
1418:
1414:
1409:
1406:
1402:
1397:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1381:
1378:
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1366:
1362:
1357:
1354:
1342:
1341:Londonist.com
1338:
1331:
1329:
1325:
1321:
1316:
1313:
1305:
1301:
1295:
1291:
1284:
1277:
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1251:
1248:
1242:
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1233:
1230:
1224:
1221:
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1211:
1208:
1202:
1199:
1195:
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1185:
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1168:
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1136:
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1120:
1116:
1091:
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1076:
1073:
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1067:
1061:
1058:
1055:
1049:
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1031:
1028:
1025:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1001:
998:
995:
989:
986:
983:
980:
977:
974:
971:
968:
965:
962:
959:
956:
949:
948:
947:
946:
942:
939:
935:
932:
929:
925:
921:
918:(such as the
917:
912:
909:
908:
907:
905:
901:
894:
892:
890:
886:
882:
878:
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870:
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856:
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848:
844:
839:
837:
833:
829:
820:
816:
814:
810:
806:
802:
798:
792:
784:
782:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
754:
746:
743:
742:
738:
735:
734:
731:Saudi Arabia
730:
727:
726:
722:
719:
718:
714:
711:
710:
706:
703:
702:
698:
695:
694:
690:
687:
686:
682:
679:
678:
675:Lord Howe I.
674:
671:
670:
666:
663:
662:
658:
655:
654:
650:
647:
646:
642:
639:
638:
634:
631:
630:
626:
623:
622:
618:
615:
614:
611:China Inland
610:
607:
606:
602:
599:
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586:
583:
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531:
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508:
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468:
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460:
457:
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452:
449:
448:
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441:
440:
436:
433:
432:
428:
425:
424:
420:
417:
416:
412:
409:
408:
404:
401:
400:
396:
393:
392:
388:
385:
384:
380:
377:
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369:
368:
364:
361:
360:
356:
353:
352:
348:
345:
344:
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337:
336:
332:
329:
328:
324:
321:
320:
312:
309:
308:
304:
298:
296:
294:
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286:
282:
278:
273:
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266:
261:
258:
254:
249:
247:
243:
239:
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231:
226:
224:
219:
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
185:
176:
172:
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
121:standard time
114:
112:
110:
106:
95:
88:
87:
86:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
63:time standard
60:
56:
52:
48:
43:
36:
30:
19:
3801:Decimal time
3530:Astronomical
3409:Complication
3404:Atomic clock
3151:
3019:Time capsule
3013:Tempus fugit
3011:
2933:Other fields
2632:
2613:Perdurantism
2535:Calendar era
2487:
2480:
2466:Cuckoo clock
2403:astronomical
2377:
2203:Unit of time
2192:
2134:Key concepts
2088:
2074:the original
2064:
2050:
2040:. Retrieved
2032:
2017:. Retrieved
2004:
1985:
1965:
1945:
1921:
1917:
1886:
1874:
1832:
1828:
1807:
1791:. Retrieved
1774:
1761:. Retrieved
1757:
1735:
1726:
1718:
1711:. Retrieved
1704:
1695:
1683:
1671:
1659:. Retrieved
1655:
1645:
1625:
1613:
1601:
1589:
1577:
1554:
1541:
1529:
1505:
1495:
1483:
1459:
1451:the original
1446:
1432:
1420:
1408:
1396:
1380:
1368:
1356:
1344:. Retrieved
1340:
1315:
1289:
1250:
1241:
1236:except Natal
1232:
1223:
1210:
1201:
1184:
1146:World portal
1118:
940:
933:
927:
924:polar motion
910:
903:
899:
898:
871:
840:
830:(IERS). The
825:
794:
760:
752:
357:New Zealand
302:
280:
274:
262:
253:time signals
250:
241:
237:
233:
229:
227:
220:
199:
195:
181:
165:Chronometers
118:
101:
99:
90:
58:
54:
50:
49:
47:
29:
3847:Time scales
3811:System time
3806:Metric time
3525:Solar Hijri
3451:Water clock
3434:Radio clock
3366:Time domain
3346:Proper time
3232:Leap second
3114:Chronometry
3029:Time travel
3007:System time
2914:Time domain
2899:Proper time
2723:use of time
2694:Father Time
2674:Immortality
2664:Ages of Man
2593:Endurantism
2550:Regnal year
2530:Big History
2459:water-based
2358:Solar Hijri
2268:Hexadecimal
2218:Measurement
2180:Chronometry
2166:Measurement
1506:ucolick.org
1346:25 November
867:leap second
785:Measurement
761:Apart from
595:Java, USSR
163:in the UK.
3841:Categories
3826:Timekeeper
3779:Chronology
3763:Millennium
3649:Precession
3555:Julian day
3376:T-symmetry
3237:Solar time
3207:Civil time
2731:Chronemics
2706:Kalachakra
2618:Presentism
2603:Eternalism
2509:Chronology
2447:mechanical
2398:Main types
2316:Main types
1829:Metrologia
1747:References
1534:Howse 1980
1401:Howse 1997
1387:, p.
1385:Howse 1997
1373:Howse 1997
1361:Howse 1997
937:elsewhere.
789:See also:
539:Countries
317:Countries
277:civil time
240:, because
204:Royal Navy
169:telegraphy
133:timepieces
125:solar time
3723:Fortnight
3570:Lunisolar
3560:Leap year
3494:Gregorian
3444:stopwatch
3419:Hourglass
3399:Astrarium
3316:Spacetime
3247:Time zone
3124:Metrology
3103:standards
2987:Leap year
2904:Spacetime
2778:Yesterday
2679:Dreamtime
2653:Mythology
2540:Deep time
2452:stopwatch
2427:hourglass
2408:astrarium
2338:Gregorian
2331:Lunisolar
2308:Calendars
2298:Time zone
2171:standards
2089:Time Lord
1857:121852011
1793:2 October
1620:, Ch. 18.
1563:cite news
1524:, Ch. 14.
1265:Citations
1170:Unix time
1089:π
1080:
1074:⋅
1059:π
1050:
1044:⋅
1038:−
1029:π
1020:
1014:⋅
1008:−
999:π
990:
984:⋅
739:Niue Is.
707:Cook Is.
627:Paraguay
96:) radians
65:based on
3784:Duration
3758:Saeculum
3738:Olympiad
3580:Solstice
3509:Holocene
3486:Calendar
3386:Horology
3177:ISO 8601
3172:ISO 31-1
3047:Category
2795:Time in
2786:Tomorrow
2648:Religion
2588:Duration
2555:Timeline
2489:Timeline
2288:Sidereal
2156:Eternity
1934:Archived
1805:(2003).
1688:IERS n.d
1472:Archived
1403:, ch. 6.
1363:, ch. 4.
1304:Archived
1132:See also
838:or ITU.
747:Liberia
619:Bermuda
289:accuracy
3753:Century
3743:Lustrum
3673:Instant
3545:Equinox
3514:Islamic
3456:Sundial
3321:Chronon
3057:Commons
2980:Related
2894:Instant
2884:Chronon
2866:Physics
2806:Geology
2797:science
2669:Destiny
2514:History
2482:History
2437:sundial
2420:quantum
2363:Chinese
2353:Islamic
2263:Decimal
2258:Chinese
2220:systems
2146:Present
2042:16 June
2019:6 March
1837:Bibcode
1763:16 June
1389:133â137
1156:on Mars
1101:seconds
877:planets
813:quasars
736:By 1964
728:By 1962
720:By 1961
712:By 1959
704:By 1954
696:By 1953
688:By 1948
672:By 1940
664:By 1939
656:By 1937
648:By 1936
587:Mexico
349:Serbia
275:Modern
159:at the
147:on the
115:History
61:) is a
3748:Decade
3703:Moment
3698:Minute
3693:Second
3663:Other
3520:Julian
3499:Hebrew
3145:offset
2997:Moment
2992:Memory
2844:period
2432:marine
2415:atomic
2390:Clocks
2348:Hebrew
2343:Julian
2278:Metric
2151:Future
2013:"UT1R"
1992:
1973:
1952:
1895:
1855:
1815:
1713:24 May
1661:24 May
1296:
1117:where
753:
461:Chile
429:Spain
365:Japan
143:, the
109:Julian
100:where
3789:music
3728:Month
3688:Jiffy
3683:Shake
3678:Flick
3575:Solar
3565:Lunar
3540:Epact
3504:Hindu
3439:Watch
3394:Clock
3002:Space
2834:epoch
2824:chron
2782:Today
2751:tempo
2746:Music
2608:Event
2442:watch
2326:Lunar
2321:Solar
2293:Solar
2283:Roman
2273:Hindu
2061:from
1937:(PDF)
1914:(PDF)
1853:S2CID
1779:(PDF)
1551:(PDF)
1475:(PDF)
1468:(PDF)
1307:(PDF)
1286:(PDF)
1176:Notes
1071:0.007
1041:0.006
1011:0.012
981:0.022
881:radar
809:stars
603:Cuba
536:Year
314:Year
137:train
135:as a
3733:Year
3718:Week
3708:Hour
3162:DUT1
3101:and
2721:and
2684:KÄla
2379:List
2373:Maya
2169:and
2141:Past
2127:Time
2044:2022
2021:2013
1990:ISBN
1971:ISBN
1950:ISBN
1893:ISBN
1813:ISBN
1795:2011
1765:2022
1715:2022
1663:2022
1569:link
1348:2019
1294:ISBN
934:UT1R
847:Moon
811:and
744:1972
680:1940
640:1934
632:1932
624:1931
616:1930
608:1928
600:1925
592:1924
584:1922
576:1921
568:1920
560:1919
552:1918
544:1917
522:1916
514:1914
506:1913
498:1912
490:1911
482:1908
474:1907
466:1906
458:1905
450:1904
442:1903
434:1902
426:1901
418:1900
410:1899
402:1896
394:1895
386:1894
378:1893
370:1892
362:1888
354:1886
346:1884
338:1883
330:1880
322:1847
293:DUT1
212:maps
210:and
3713:Day
2839:era
2829:eon
2819:age
2198:TAI
2188:UTC
1926:doi
1845:doi
1638:eph
1077:cos
1047:sin
1017:cos
987:sin
941:UT2
928:UT0
911:UT0
900:UT1
797:Sun
269:WWV
257:BIH
242:GMT
167:or
151:at
107:= (
59:UT1
57:or
3843::
3157:ÎT
3152:UT
2784:â
2780:â
2193:UT
2068:.
2035:.
2031:.
1932:.
1922:79
1920:.
1916:.
1851:.
1843:.
1833:48
1831:.
1756:.
1734:.
1717:.
1703:.
1654:.
1565:}}
1561:{{
1553:.
1514:^
1504:.
1445:.
1339:.
1327:^
1302:.
1288:.
1273:^
855:SI
295:.
234:UT
225:.
218:.
55:UT
3091:e
3084:t
3077:v
2119:e
2112:t
2105:v
2046:.
2023:.
1998:.
1979:.
1958:.
1928::
1901:.
1868:.
1859:.
1847::
1839::
1821:.
1797:.
1767:.
1738:.
1690:.
1665:.
1584:.
1571:)
1557:.
1508:.
1490:.
1391:.
1350:.
1218:)
1125:.
1119:t
1095:)
1092:t
1086:4
1083:(
1068:+
1065:)
1062:t
1056:4
1053:(
1035:)
1032:t
1026:2
1023:(
1005:)
1002:t
996:2
993:(
978:+
975:1
972:T
969:U
966:=
963:2
960:T
957:U
232:(
200:X
196:X
104:u
102:T
93:u
53:(
44:.
37:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
