288:. Unstan ware typically consists of elegant shallow bowls with a band of grooved patterning below the rim, created using a technique known as "stab-and-drag". A second version consists of undecorated, round-bottomed bowls. Some of the bowls had bits of volcanic rock included in the clay to make them stronger. After firing, bone tools were used to burnish the surfaces to make them shiny and impermeable. Parts of twenty to thirty bowls were found in the tomb, many of them were Unstan ware. Most of the bowls were shattered or incomplete; this is common in chambered cairns and suggests that the vessels were intentionally broken for inclusion with the dead. These bowls were not newly created for use in the tomb – they had clearly seen prior use – as some of the sherds, for example, had impressions of barley grains. A number of fragments were found in a shallow hollow in the clay floor – a pattern seen in other tombs. Several of the reconstructed vessels are in the
29:
45:
52:
350:
256:. Unstan is a more modest example of the form with five chambers flanking a passageway 6.4 m (21 ft) in length. Like most tombs in Orkney, the original roof is gone, replaced by a modern concrete dome that protects the site. The remaining walls rise to a height of almost 2 m (6.6 ft), and consist primarily of thin stacked slabs of local
248:. Tombs of this type are often referred to as "stalled" cairns due to their distinctive internal structure. Stalled cairns have a central passageway flanked by a series of paired transverse stones that separate the side spaces into compartments that reminded early investigators of horse stalls. The earliest versions of this tomb type are found in
278:-type tombs. Third, the main chamber does not open at the end of the passageway, like typical stalled tombs, but along one long side. Again, this is more characteristic of the Maeshowe tombs. The barrow is made of two or three concentric rows of stonework.
295:
Human remains were found in Unstan – there were two crouched skeletons in the side cell, several more in the main compartment, and a number of bones were scattered throughout the rest of the tomb. Animal bones and charcoal were found as well.
274:, or burial mound, that covered the tomb is circular, 13 m (43 ft) in diameter, rather than the usual oblong or rectangular form. Second, the barrow is round because the tomb contains a side chamber, a feature more common in the
252:, they typically consist of no more than four stalled compartments. In Orkney, the tombs became increasingly elaborate; the number of compartments reached a maximum of fourteen at the Knowe of Ramsay on
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284:
Unstan is also notable in that the first discovery of a distinctive style of pottery was made here in 1884. These pots are the type examples of what has come to be known as
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near the settlement of Howe. Unstan is notable as an atypical hybrid of the two main types of chambered cairn found in
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Evidence from nearby tombs suggests that they, and Unstan, were built sometime between 3400 and 2800 BC.
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Unstan is an atypical example of the Orkney–Cromarty chambered cairn in several respects. First, the
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The
Chambered Cairns, in: Renfrew, Colin (Ed.) The Prehistory of Orkney BC 4000–1000 AD
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311:. Moreover, burials in the crouched position were not practiced in the Neolithic.
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The
Stonehenge People: An Exploration of Life in Neolithic Britain 4700-2000 BC
244:
The tomb is a particularly well preserved, and somewhat unusual, example of an
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It is possible that Unstan was in use well into the second millennium BC; an
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220:. The tomb was built on a promontory that extends into the
445:
Illustrated
History of Ancient Monuments: Vol. VI Scotland
303:
was discovered in the tomb that is characteristic of the
722:
720:
718:
716:
624:
622:
620:
618:
477:
Tomb of the Eagles: Death and Life in a Stone Age Tribe
518:"Knowe of Onston,or Unstan,chambered cairn (SM90232)"
361:
Main passageway, interior of Unstan
Chambered Cairn.
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2168:
1937:
1928:
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981:
353:
Entrance to Unstan
Chambered Cairn main passageway.
170:
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144:
134:
129:
118:
81:
67:
453:
421:
208:located about 2 mi (3 km) north-east of
443:Childe, V. Gordon; Simpson, W. Douglas (1952).
340:
750:
314:The current concrete dome dates to the 1930s.
51:
2630:
958:
909:
707:
447:. Edinburgh: Her Majesty's Stationery Office.
8:
534:Orkney and Shetland: An Archaeological Guide
21:
641:Historic Environment Scotland & SM90232
307:who lived from the Late Neolithic into the
2865:4th-millennium BC architecture in Scotland
2637:
2623:
2615:
1934:
965:
951:
943:
428:. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd.
27:
20:
846:
786:
738:
498:. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
822:
664:
652:
536:. Newton Abbott: David and Charles Ltd.
798:
688:
628:
614:
553:Scotland: Archaeology and Early History
551:Ritchie, Graham; Ritchie, Anna (1981).
2900:Historic Scotland properties in Orkney
894:
858:
810:
774:
762:
726:
456:The Shell Guide to British Archaeology
407:Oldest buildings in the United Kingdom
2905:Scheduled Ancient Monuments in Orkney
921:
882:
870:
834:
676:
169:
160:
7:
1198:Megaliths in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
2880:Buildings and structures in Orkney
33:Entrance to Unstan Chambered Cairn
14:
1735:Great Dolmen of Comenda da Igreja
2895:Megalithic monuments in Scotland
2885:World Heritage Sites in Scotland
589:Wickham-Jones, Caroline (2012).
402:Timeline of prehistoric Scotland
322:The second element of the name,
50:
43:
2222:List of recumbent stone circles
936:Historic Environment Scotland:
555:. New York: Thames and Hudson.
346:which means a farm settlement.
246:Orkney–Cromarty chambered cairn
2870:Archaeological sites in Orkney
1300:List of multiple-stone circles
1:
2793:Wideford Hill chambered cairn
574:. London: B.T. Batsford Ltd.
514:Historic Environment Scotland
230:Historic Environment Scotland
2915:Chambered cairns in Scotland
2599:Photographs of stone circles
330:, comes from a particularly
2703:Blackhammer Chambered Cairn
1750:Vale Maria do Meio Cromlech
1720:Barreira Megalithic Complex
1218:Route of Megalithic Culture
479:. New York: New Amsterdam.
387:Standing Stones of Stenness
290:National Museum of Scotland
59:Shown within Orkney Islands
2936:
2070:Long Meg and Her Daughters
1868:Dolmen del prado de Lácara
1715:Great Dolmen of Zambujeiro
1295:List of five-stone circles
1269:La Gran'mère du Chimquière
751:Ritchie & Ritchie 1981
460:. London: Michael Joseph.
452:Hawkes, Jacquetta (1986).
420:Castleden, Rodney (1987).
2488:St Lythans burial chamber
1771:Dolmens of North Caucasus
1665:Anta do Alto da Toupeira
1315:Ardristan standing stones
708:Childe & Simpson 1952
494:Henshall, Audrey (1985).
184:
180:
38:
26:
16:Neolithic chambered cairn
2753:Quoyness chambered cairn
2604:Middle Eastern megaliths
2503:Tŷ Newydd Burial Chamber
1700:Anta da Pedra dos Mouros
1430:Templebryan Stone Circle
1330:Brennanstown Portal Tomb
1082:Broken Menhir of Er Grah
475:Hedges, John W. (1984).
2783:Vinquoy chambered cairn
2743:Midhowe Chambered Cairn
2554:Concentric stone circle
1838:Chabola de la Hechicera
1705:Anta das Pedras Grandes
1695:Antas do Olival da Pêga
1355:Castlenalacht Stone Row
1188:Lancken-Granitz dolmens
1087:Dolmen de Mané-Kerioned
372:Midhowe Chambered Cairn
341:
2773:Unstan Chambered Cairn
2594:Recumbent stone circle
1990:Burnmoor stone circles
1833:Antequera Dolmens Site
1781:Megaliths in the Urals
1208:Oldendorfer Totenstatt
1122:Locmariaquer megaliths
1072:Menhir de Champ-Dolent
570:Ritchie, Anna (1995).
362:
354:
22:Unstan Chambered Cairn
2890:Neolithic settlements
2691:Other Neolithic Sites
2448:Lligwy Burial Chamber
2100:Nine Stones, Altarnun
1904:Obelisk of Theodosius
1853:Dolmen of Guadalperal
1725:Dolmen of Cunha Baixa
1582:Ħal Saflieni Hypogeum
1375:Gaulstown Portal Tomb
1365:Creevykeel Court Tomb
593:. Historic Scotland.
532:Laing, Lloyd (1974).
360:
352:
2723:Holm of Papa Westray
2698:Barnhouse Settlement
2423:Carreg Coetan Arthur
1863:Dolmen de la Pastora
1730:Dolmen of Carapito I
1690:Anta do Monte Abraão
1320:Beltany stone circle
1152:Verziau of Gargantua
103:58.98667°N 3.24944°W
2654:World Heritage Site
2473:Parc Cwm long cairn
2383:Barclodiad y Gawres
1587:Xagħra Stone Circle
1385:Grange stone circle
1360:Castlestrange Stone
591:Monuments of Orkney
260:that come from the
99: /
23:
2910:Neolithic Scotland
2875:Prehistoric Orkney
2829:Burroughston Broch
2768:Tomb of the Eagles
2682:Stones of Stenness
2646:Prehistoric Orkney
2544:Axial stone circle
2312:Loanhead of Daviot
2307:Kirkton of Bourtie
2302:Easter Aquhorthies
1980:Brown Willy Cairns
1883:La Torre–La Janera
1710:Anta da Vidigueira
1675:Anta de Carcavelos
1650:Almendres Cromlech
1477:Megalithic Temples
1440:Uragh Stone Circle
1420:Poulnabrone dolmen
1223:Sieben Steinhäuser
910:Wickham-Jones 2012
885:, pp. 58, 82.
572:Prehistoric Orkney
397:Prehistoric Orkney
363:
355:
234:scheduled monument
171:Reference no.
164:Scheduled monument
150:Public access
108:58.98667; -3.24944
2852:
2851:
2738:Links of Noltland
2612:
2611:
2532:
2531:
2227:Auld Bourtreebush
2105:Nine Stones Close
1848:Dolmen de Axeitos
1740:Menhir of Outeiro
1670:Antas do Barrocal
1655:Anta de Adrenunes
1526:Qortin l-Imdawwar
1335:Brownshill dolmen
1254:Le Creux ès Faïes
1142:Tombeau de Merlin
1077:Dolmen de Bagneux
1057:Tumulus of Bougon
873:, pp. 39–41.
600:978-1-84917-073-4
265:Old Red Sandstone
188:
187:
2927:
2920:Mainland, Orkney
2824:Broch of Gurness
2819:Broch of Burrian
2814:Broch of Borwick
2809:Brough of Birsay
2733:Knowe of Swandro
2639:
2632:
2625:
2616:
2413:Bryn Gwyn stones
2403:Bryn Cader Faner
2282:Clach an Trushal
2169:Northern Ireland
2120:Rudston Monolith
1935:
1786:Russian geoglyph
1745:Menhir of Bulhoa
1685:Antas da Valeira
1405:Meehambee Dolmen
1203:Niedertiefenbach
1178:Fraubillen cross
1112:Hotié de Viviane
1097:Gallardet Dolmen
1062:Caixa de Rotllan
967:
960:
953:
944:
925:
919:
913:
907:
898:
892:
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874:
868:
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856:
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844:
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448:
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344:
222:Loch of Stenness
214:Mainland, Orkney
114:
113:
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110:
109:
104:
100:
97:
96:
95:
92:
72:Mainland, Orkney
54:
53:
47:
31:
24:
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2934:
2930:
2929:
2928:
2926:
2925:
2924:
2855:
2854:
2853:
2848:
2797:
2686:
2672:Ring of Brodgar
2667:Ness of Brodgar
2648:
2643:
2613:
2608:
2549:Chambered cairn
2528:
2524:Manx runestones
2512:
2371:
2327:Ring of Brodgar
2317:Lochmaben Stone
2210:
2164:
2085:Mitchell's Fold
1930:
1924:
1920:Boundary Stones
1908:
1892:
1878:Dolmen de Viera
1858:Dolmen of Menga
1843:Cova d'en Daina
1821:
1790:
1759:
1660:Anta de Agualva
1638:
1607:
1591:
1465:
1444:
1283:
1237:
1156:
1040:
1036:Tatul Sanctuary
1014:
998:
977:
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928:
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869:
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468:
451:
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382:Ring of Brodgar
368:
334:version of the
320:
242:
206:chambered cairn
166:
124:chambered cairn
107:
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2802:Iron Age Sites
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2579:Standing stone
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2408:Bryn Celli Ddu
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2155:Trethevy Quoit
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2017:
2012:
2007:
2005:Devil's Arrows
2002:
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1873:Dolmen de Soto
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931:External links
929:
927:
926:
924:, p. 171.
914:
899:
897:, p. 140.
887:
875:
863:
861:, p. 203.
851:
847:Castleden 1987
839:
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791:
789:, p. 158.
787:Castleden 1987
779:
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739:Castleden 1987
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2728:Knap of Howar
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2468:Moel Tŷ Uchaf
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2428:Carreg Samson
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2080:Merry Maidens
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2035:Gardom's Edge
2033:
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2023:
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2018:
2016:
2013:
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2000:Craddock Moor
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1812:Stone circles
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1776:Thunder Stone
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1486:Borġ in-Nadur
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1461:La Hougue Bie
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1380:Glantane East
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1340:Brú na Bóinne
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1249:Castel Menhir
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949:
948:
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939:
938:Visitor guide
935:
934:
930:
923:
918:
915:
912:, p. 48.
911:
906:
904:
900:
896:
891:
888:
884:
879:
876:
872:
867:
864:
860:
855:
852:
849:, p. 82.
848:
843:
840:
837:, p. 51.
836:
831:
828:
825:, p. 88.
824:
823:Henshall 1985
819:
816:
813:, p. 24.
812:
807:
804:
801:, p. 55.
800:
795:
792:
788:
783:
780:
777:, p. 93.
776:
771:
768:
765:, p. 83.
764:
759:
756:
753:, p. 27.
752:
747:
744:
740:
735:
732:
728:
723:
721:
719:
717:
713:
710:, p. 18.
709:
704:
702:
700:
698:
694:
691:, p. 50.
690:
685:
682:
679:, p. 39.
678:
673:
670:
667:, p. 87.
666:
665:Henshall 1985
661:
658:
655:, p. 85.
654:
653:Henshall 1985
649:
646:
642:
637:
634:
631:, p. 52.
630:
625:
623:
621:
619:
615:
609:
602:
596:
592:
587:
583:
581:0-7134-7593-5
577:
573:
568:
564:
562:0-500-27365-0
558:
554:
549:
545:
543:0-7153-6305-0
539:
535:
530:
519:
515:
511:
507:
505:0-85224-456-8
501:
497:
492:
488:
486:0-941533-05-0
482:
478:
473:
469:
467:0-7181-2448-0
463:
458:
457:
450:
446:
441:
437:
435:0-7102-0968-1
431:
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315:
312:
310:
306:
305:Beaker People
302:
297:
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273:
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84:
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73:
70:
66:
46:
37:
30:
25:
19:
2788:Westray Wife
2772:
2584:Stone circle
2463:Meini Hirion
2418:Capel Garmon
2206:Giant's Ring
2135:Stanton Drew
2090:Mulfra Quoit
2055:Hordron Edge
2045:Grey Wethers
2015:Drizzlecombe
1955:Barbrook One
1551:Ta' Raddiena
1546:Ta' Marżiena
1400:Knocknakilla
1345:Carrigagulla
1259:Déhus Dolmen
994:Zorats Karer
917:
890:
878:
866:
854:
842:
830:
818:
806:
799:Ritchie 1995
794:
782:
770:
758:
746:
734:
689:Ritchie 1995
684:
672:
660:
648:
636:
629:Ritchie 1995
590:
571:
552:
533:
521:. Retrieved
495:
476:
455:
444:
423:
339:
327:
323:
321:
313:
298:
294:
283:
280:
269:
243:
198:
194:
190:
189:
18:
2778:Unstan ware
2713:Cuween Hill
2517:Isle of Man
2498:Tinkinswood
2483:Pentre Ifan
2443:Llanfechell
2438:Foel Chwern
2388:Bedd Arthur
2342:Steinacleit
2095:Nine Ladies
2065:Leper Stone
1975:Bridestones
1965:Boscawen-Un
1817:Stone ships
1795:Scandinavia
1596:Netherlands
1531:Santa Verna
1435:Turoe Stone
1410:Mount Venus
1213:Riesenstein
1137:Peyre-Brune
1026:Beglik Tash
895:Hedges 1984
859:Hedges 1984
811:Hedges 1984
775:Hedges 1984
763:Hedges 1984
727:Hawkes 1986
377:Unstan ware
286:Unstan ware
240:Description
106: /
82:Coordinates
2859:Categories
2844:Tankerness
2677:Skara Brae
2508:Whetstones
2493:Trefignath
2458:Maen Madoc
2362:Tyrebagger
2357:Tomnaverie
2287:Colmeallie
2236:Callanish
2196:Drumskinny
2140:Stonehenge
2075:Mên-an-Tol
2050:Hoarstones
2030:Five Wells
1995:Castlerigg
1807:Runestones
1619:Brąchnówko
1541:Ta' Ħaġrat
1390:High cross
1350:Carrowmore
1274:Le Trépied
1228:Wotanstein
1003:Azerbaijan
922:Laing 1974
883:Laing 1974
871:Laing 1974
835:Laing 1974
677:Laing 1974
413:References
309:Bronze Age
145:Site notes
122:Neolithic
94:03°14′58″W
91:58°59′12″N
2839:Mine Howe
2748:Mor Stein
2589:Stone row
2569:Harrespil
2453:Maen Llia
2297:Drybridge
2292:Dunnideer
2277:Cat Stane
2232:Balquhain
2201:Legananny
2186:Beaghmore
2115:Rollright
1985:Bull Ring
1970:Boskednan
1945:Arbor Low
1888:Son Matge
1624:Grzybnica
1511:Ħal Ġinwi
1506:Ħaġar Qim
1168:Altendorf
1132:Paddaghju
1127:Mane Braz
1107:Harrespil
975:megaliths
973:European
610:Footnotes
301:arrowhead
258:flagstone
250:Caithness
210:Stromness
203:Neolithic
139:Neolithic
2662:Maeshowe
2352:Sunhoney
2347:Strichen
2337:Stenness
2215:Scotland
2181:Ballynoe
2176:Aughlish
2150:Swinside
2145:Stripple
2125:Scorhill
2040:Goodaver
2025:Fernacre
2010:Doll Tor
1960:Birkrigg
1643:Portugal
1566:Tas-Silġ
1556:Tal-Qadi
1501:Ġgantija
1496:Debdieba
1395:Kealkill
1325:Bohonagh
1310:Ardgroom
1279:La Varde
1242:Guernsey
1173:Denghoog
1117:Kerzérho
1102:Gavrinis
1092:Filitosa
1052:Barnenez
1019:Bulgaria
989:Metsamor
523:18 April
392:Maeshowe
366:See also
332:Orcadian
318:Toponymy
276:Maeshowe
262:Devonian
218:Scotland
76:Scotland
68:Location
2537:General
2398:Bodowyr
2332:Sheldon
2322:Pictish
2160:Trippet
2130:Stannon
2060:Hurlers
1950:Avebury
1938:England
1931:Kingdom
1913:Ukraine
1634:Węsiory
1603:Hunebed
1571:Xemxija
1561:Tarxien
1521:Mnajdra
1491:Buġibba
1370:Drombeg
1288:Ireland
1233:Züschen
1183:Harhoog
1161:Germany
1147:Tremeca
982:Armenia
201:) is a
175:SM90232
135:Periods
130:History
2763:Rousay
2574:Menhir
2559:Dolmen
2272:Carlin
2191:Corick
2110:Pipers
1929:United
1897:Turkey
1764:Russia
1612:Poland
1536:Skorba
1516:Kordin
1449:Jersey
1067:Carnac
1045:France
597:
578:
559:
540:
502:
483:
464:
432:
272:barrow
254:Rousay
226:Orkney
199:Onston
195:Onstan
191:Unstan
2758:Rinyo
2564:Henge
2376:Wales
2020:Duloe
1826:Spain
1470:Malta
1425:Reask
1193:Lohra
1031:Garlo
342:stadr
338:word
336:Norse
326:, or
232:as a
197:, or
2260:VIII
1629:Odry
595:ISBN
576:ISBN
557:ISBN
538:ISBN
525:2019
500:ISBN
481:ISBN
462:ISBN
430:ISBN
328:ston
324:stan
193:(or
119:Type
2250:III
212:on
153:Yes
2861::
2255:IV
2245:II
902:^
715:^
696:^
617:^
516:.
292:.
267:.
236:.
216:,
74:,
2638:e
2631:t
2624:v
2265:X
2240:I
1578:)
1479:(
966:e
959:t
952:v
643:.
603:.
584:.
565:.
546:.
527:.
508:.
489:.
470:.
438:.
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