Unusual types of gramophone records

2852: rpm records to provide the soundtrack for motion pictures. The record rotated in the usual clockwise direction but the groove was cut and played starting at the inside of the recorded area and proceeding outward. This inside start was dictated by the unusually long playing time of the records and the rapid wearing down of the single-use disposable metal needles which were standard for playing lateral-cut shellac records at that time. The signal degradation caused by a worn needle point was most audible when playing the innermost turns of the groove, where the undulations were most closely packed and tortuous, but fairly negligible when playing the outermost turns where they were much more widely spaced and easily traced. With an inside start the needle point was freshest where it mattered most. 1640:) format, as opposed to the usual CAV (constant angular velocity) format. The World Record Controller was an attachment for ordinary record players that slowed the turntable down when playing the outside of the record and allowed it to gradually speed up as the needle was carried inward by the groove. Of course, only special World records could be used. The World system was a commercial failure. The principle, first proposed in a fundamental U.S. sound recording patent in 1886, was briefly revived in 1939–1940 for the unusual "Cinematone Penny Phono" jukebox (price to play one selection: one cent), which used it to squeeze ten short recordings of current pop songs onto each side of one 12-inch record. 2822:. Plays are recorded on small discs, each with six parallel grooves. The player on offense chooses one of ten possible offensive plays, each recorded on one disc, and inserts the corresponding disc into a handheld record player. The other player, without knowing which disc was inserted, then chooses one of six possible defensive plays, marked on the disc so that the record player plays the correct groove corresponding to the chosen combination of offensive and defensive plays. Some plays result in a penalty or turnover, which requires inserting a special disc for that situation, which is unmarked and therefore a random outcome is selected. 2085:(1967). Many UK copies featured a multi-layered collage of randomized chatter in their run-off loops. However, two variations were made: the original British pressing (black label with gold logo) has the "inner groove" play through the entire locked groove and does not include the laughter at the beginning of the piece. The re-issue of the British pressing (black label with silver logo) starts playing the "inner groove" long before the needle reaches the locked groove, includes the laughter and, once the needle hits the locked groove, the listener only hears the last two seconds of the piece played over and over again. 1742: in (38 mm) in diameter both for convenience in handling and to accommodate a very fast record-changing mechanism contained inside a correspondingly large spindle, as implemented in RCA Victor's early stand-alone "45" players. The spindle and any records stacked on it rotated with the turntable, so that each waiting disc was already up to speed before it dropped. Large mechanized spindle adaptors were supplied with most multi-speed automatic record changers sold in the 1950s and 1960s, but they were not as fast and efficient. The large hole also facilitates use in 3351:, the cost of maintaining eight vinyl colors became too high, but the different colored labels were continued, at least for popular music (black) and classical (red, as in "Red Seal"). In October 1945, RCA Victor put on the market its first "non-breakable" phonograph records. Made of a ruby-red, translucent vinyl resin plastic, they cost twice as much ($ 2 per disc) as the 12-inch Victor Red Seal. In the 1960s, a distinction was made in label colors of promotional copies of 45 RPM records as well, with pop music being issued on yellow labels and country on light green. 1286:. However, with mastering facilities of the period only going as low as 16 rpm, the quadruple-speed mastering required to get a playback speed of 4 rpm was deemed to have an insufficient audio quality. The highest successful density tested for in the experiment was 10 hours on one side of a 12-inch disc although it was surmised by engineers that this could be extended to 12 hours per side if needed. No books or periodicals were ever produced in the format, and it is not known if any of the experimental discs survive into the modern age. 2901:). Edison pioneered fine groove discs that played for up to five minutes per 10-inch side; they were very thick to remain perfectly flat and played back with a precision-ground diamond stylus. A commercially unsuccessful extension of the system introduced grooves nearly twice as fine as those of microgroove LPs, yielding playing times of up to 20 minutes per side at 80 rpm and again requiring a special diamond stylus. Even more than with Pathé discs, Edison's vertical-cut records called for specially designed equipment for playback. 3145:. "Melody Cards" were popular in the late 1950s. They took the form of an oversized rectangular postcard with the usual address and greeting space on one side and an illustration on the other. The illustration was overlaid with a transparent plastic material into which the grooving was impressed. The recording was usually musical as the name implies. They typically played at either 78 or 45 rpm. It was recommended to not write on them with a ball point pen, an invention which was just coming into common use at that time. Laminated 1203:. It consists of 56 songs by 28 bands previously released on Third Man's Blue Series 7-inch single line compiled on one blue vinyl 12-inch record, mastered at 3 rpm (approximately one eleventh of standard LP speed) as a further expression of White's obsession with the number 3. In reality though, if one synchronizes this 'catalog' LP with the various CDs containing the music recorded at the correct speed, they will discover that the record in question was actually mastered to play back properly at 2645:(9317) given as prize for a competition in 1901, for which many master recordings had to be made, distinguished by suffix letters against the catalogue number. Victor made one as early as 1901. Depending on where the needle is dropped in the lead-in area, it will catch more or less randomly in one of the grooves. Each groove can contain a different recording, so the record "magically" plays one of several different recordings. Victor marketed a few 10-inch 78s with two concentric grooves (called 3263: 2598:

record and leading the stylus inward to the performance, Decca introduced the lead-in groove in 1935 in the US, with the industry following soon thereafter. Lead-in groove length, positioning, and motion varied by manufacturer and era, with some moving slower (some requiring several revolutions before encountering audio) and others being very short and jerky. As with the recorded locked groove at the end, it is possible to record sound into the lead-in groove. King Crimson's

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crashing against the shore and the other would have the sounds of birds chattering away in an aviary; another record might have frogs, crickets and birds making their usual vocalizations that were heard in the early morning hours of a swamp or lake. There were a few dozen made. These were mostly used for soundscape or relaxation purposes. The first album in the series noted on its back cover that either side could be enjoyed in stereo at any playing speed (from 45 rpm to

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and nearly all discs were either 10-inch or 12-inch, although both sizes were normally a bit smaller than their official diameter. In Europe, early 10-inch and 12-inch shellac records were produced in the first three decades of the twentieth century. 7-inch children's records were sold before World War II, but nearly all were made of fragile shellac, not an ideal material for use by children. In the late 1940s, small plastic records, including some small

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following: "Umm ... okay, like. see there was this ... and ... w-and then the- ... nevermind, forget it, you wouldn't understand anyway." The music stops at the end of the "story," only to start up again. This process is repeated for a total of 12 times. The last repetition ends with the loop groove endlessly repeating the phrase "forget it, you wouldn't understa— forget it, you wouldn't understa—."

1636:'s patented add-on speed governor. These longer-playing records had speeds measured in inches per second (but specified on the label by a letter from A to D) rather than revolutions per minute. If the sound quality near the label of an ordinary record was considered acceptable, then playing time could be greatly increased by using that same groove-to-needle velocity throughout the recording. This is known as the CLV ( 1659:, which combined it with the flexible-disc format and the inside-out recording format used by CDs today. Both machines recorded at a fixed pitch, but the Grey Audograph could only record at one linear speed allowing 15 minutes per side of a 7-inch disc. The CGS or Memovox, on the other hand, had a High Fidelity speed as well as a Speech speed, allowing over two hours of recording time per side on a 12-inch disc. 3738: 3833: 307: 1935:(Gray Beat, 1978) is a one-sided 7-inch with multiple locked grooves and two center holes, meaning each locked groove can be played at two different trajectories as well as any number of speeds. The original release came with instructions for the listener to drill more holes in the record as they saw appropriate. Later pressings of the release were made only with one standard center spindle hole. 3118: 1516:— Before 1930, particularly before 1925, a number of proprietary formats existed, with recordings made at speeds including 60 rpm (although most were between 72 and 82 rpm).. Most notably, the Berliner Gramophone Company recorded their plates at variable speeds (due to a crude hand-cranking mechanism, later substituted for an inefficient single-spring motor), usually ranging between 68 and 72 rpm. 1954: 1085: 325: 120: 2811:" has two different tracks in a parallel groove on the B-side. One groove has the Oblapos remixes of "Me Myself and I," while the other has "Brain Washed Follower. One version of the 12-inch single of The Sensual World by Kate Bush has the instrumental version of the track in a parallel groove – while the instrumental version also appears on side B as one of two sequential tracks." 378: 68: 27: 3829:(known for their unique LPs; their 2006 album Pink was released on pink vinyl) pressed their 2006 album, Vein, on transparent vinyl with etched artwork on the outer two inches of the record. This causes problems with auto-start phonographs, as the actual grooves of music do not start where the needle is designed to drop. This may cause damage to the needle and record artwork. 3300: 2042:(1968) has this setup. Following the fourth song on side one there is a spoken announcement telling the listener to change the speed from 33 to 78 rpm to play the next band of the disc. To play the last song on the side the listener must pick up the stylus from the record, change the speed, then put the stylus at the start of the fifth and final song on side one. 393:, replaced them. Ten-inch children's records were made as well, but the 7-inch size was more compatible with small hands. The 7-inch size was also used for flexi discs which were popular in Japan where they were known as sound-sheets and were often in traditional round format. In other areas, flexi discs were usually square and often included in a magazine (see 222: 2856:

passages were most audibly affected. Since some music, especially classical music, tends to start quietly and mount to a loud climax, such distortion could be minimized if the disc was recorded to play beginning at the inner end of the groove. A few such records were issued, but the domination of automatic record changers, and the fact that

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out, yielding a record with a larger hole to be used in jukeboxes or certain record-stacking players; this approach was common in the United Kingdom from the 1950s until the early 1980s, with standard, solid centres becoming gradually more common. Some 7-inch singles in the early-mid-1990s had large holes also, but this was a rarity.

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before paper labels were widely used, had their titles and other information etched or incised into the master, or embossed into the stamper (or both) – either way therefore appearing on all the pressings. Many early Edison Diamond Discs did have etched labels as well, with many (if not all) also featuring a little etched picture of

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duration of the recording that could be engraved (on average, 55 minutes on a 33 rpm record). The Trimicron process was created by Dr. Rabe, a music lover in his spare time, and was originally intended for classical music listeners who could not stand having to flip a record in the middle of a piece. For example, all six

4115:, another product of Third Man Records, was pressed in a process dubbed "Single Signal", in which the B-side has different content on the left and right channels of the stereo groove. Listeners with a balance knob on their stereo are instructed to turn it either to the left or the right to play the record correctly. 3573:

78 rpm picture discs were made by Sav-Way Industries in 1946 and 1947 and were of high quality both physically and sonically. Their playing surfaces were clear vinyl and there was a sturdy aluminum core disc between the printed sheets. The imagery was usually gaudy and done in 1940s calendar art

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When using a modern stereo cartridge to play these or other vertical-cut monophonic recordings, the polarity of one channel must be inverted at some point before the two channels are combined to produce a mono signal, as is desirable; otherwise, they largely cancel each other out, leaving little more

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released a track on the B-side of their "Sex Bomb" single, called "Brainwash" which includes a use of the lock-groove concept. The song is a simple punk groove, with barely audible singing, lasting less than 30 seconds, over which one of the vocalists apparently attempts to tell a story, reciting the

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rpm records began to be produced (normally in 10-inch format, although 12-inch and 7-inch discs were also produced). This recording format's development was sponsored by the American Foundation for the Blind. One 10-inch record holds four hours of speech with the 12-inch variety holding six hours and

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Picture discs have been around since the 1920s—or since about 1910, if postcard-size rectangular picture records are included. In the early 1930s, they were a minor gimmick in an attempt to stimulate abysmal depression-era record sales. Most of these early picture discs were simply a very thin clear

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RPM discs feature folk music and tourism information. Not very practical for actual postal use and rarely seen canceled, they were designed as revenue-generating novelties and were initially scorned as such by most stamp collectors. Their small diameters (approximately 7 and 10 cm or 2.75 and 4

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that would be played on a turntable and dubbed onto a cassette. It was also possible to connect the record player's output to the computer's cassette (analog signal) input port and load the data into the computer directly. This method of storing computer data later expanded to include non-flexi-disc

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techniques, but rather one side of each record consisted of two long, continuous tracks — one containing the left channel, and the other containing the right channel. It was intended that the buyer purchase an adapter from Cook Laboratories or a tonearm from Livingston that allowed two cartridges to

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However, this process suffered from a major problem: the finer groove decreased the dynamics and the level of recorded signal by nearly 40 percent. It is therefore necessary to play Trimicron records on silent, high performance turntables, equipped with new diamonds and very high performance. Almost

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released a number of ten inch EPs in 78 rpm. A series of 78 rpm microgroove records was issued by the "Audiophile" label during the early LP era. They were supposed to provide higher quality sound than 33 rpm by virtue of their faster rotation speed combined while also providing significantly longer

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The first instance of what could be considered a "microgroove" record could be traced back to the 1920s. More exactly, in 1926 the Edison Phonograph Company released a "Long-Playing" Diamond Disc, that could reproduce up to 12 minutes (10 inch) or 20 minutes (12 inch) per side, thanks to an increase

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In the 1970s, Atlantic Records started producing a series of albums later designated on a label known as Syntonic Research. Each album consisted of two full-side tracks, usually at least half an hour long per side, of sounds recorded of various locations. For example, one side would have ocean waves

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In 1975, Ronco UK released a parallel groove game called "They're Off," which featured four 12-inch discs each containing eight possible outcomes on a horse race. It featured Noel Whitcomb, a well-known horse-racing commentator of the day and the game revolved around betting which "horse" would win

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When automatic record changers, auto replay adapters and jukeboxes began appearing in the 1920s the need arose to find a more reliable and forgiving way to accurately direct the stylus to the start of the recorded area as well as signal the end of a performance. Appearing near the outer edge of the

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you hear the deafening sound of needle scratched across grooves, then "Oh, sorry squire, I've scratched the record," ad infinitum. Singles by the Sweet, Yellow Dog and P.I.L. have sounds in the locked groove. Comic Chris Hill made use of the locked groove on both of his hit singles, made up of bits

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made of bright yellow plastic were a common sight in children's playrooms in the United States from the late 1940s to the early 1960s. The 78 RPM speed was used for some children's records of all sizes well into the 1960s, as nearly all record players still included it and it allowed an old disused

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The most common diameter sizes for gramophone records are 12-inch, 10-inch, and 7-inch (300 mm, 250 mm, and 180 mm). Early American shellac records were all 7-inch until 1901, when 10-inch records were introduced. 12-inch records joined them in 1903. By 1910, other sizes were retired

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was remarkable not only for its multiple cover releases (in different color patterns), but for the laser-etching process used on the vinyl. The logo from the album cover, as well as other shapes, were etched into the vinyl in a manner that, if hit by a light, would reflect in polychromatic colors.

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Some 78 rpm stamper/test plates were pressed using bigger shellac cakes than the final product (possibly to minimise damage if the outer edge of the plate broke before starting production), being the most notable example Bix Beiderbecke's "Thou Swell" take A, where in a small fragment of the outer

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Usually taking up a blank side of vinyl, rather than containing music, one side of a disc can be pressed with etched or embossed images. This can take the form of autographs, part of the artwork or logos. Earliest records produced by Emile Berliner, and those by other early companies as Zonophone

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Some records are cut with completely independent bands on the same side. In this case, the bands appear as separate tracks on the record and are not intertwined as with parallel grooves. This has most often been used on educational records but is also sometimes used on discs of commercial pop and

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Some records had more than one hole in the label area. Early Zonophone records (essentially Berliner Gramophone pirated copies) employed a second spindle hole just outside the centre rim to guarantee that the records didn't slip because of the felt turntable carpet (early gramophone machines were

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Most 7-inch records in the USA continue to be pressed with a large hole, requiring an adapter to be used on standard turntables. In other territories such as Europe, 7-inch records intended for home use have standard-sized holes. Many such 7-inch records had a center which could be easily snapped

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Beginning in the 1940s, flexible records began to be used in the form of "book records"–spiral bound paper publications and four or five flexible record sheets bound in. A spindle hole went through the entire assembly. Book records could be opened to one of the records and completely folded back

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is pressed on two 7-inch colored discs (one yellow, one transparent brown), all four sides end in recorded locked grooves. One side ends with repeated burping, one side ends with repeated toilet flushing, one side ends with what sounds like tape/record scratching, and one side ends with repeated

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recordings in-house to delay the broadcast of live network feeds or to prerecord some of their own local programming. These "standard groove" discs used roughly the same large groove dimensions and spacing found on 78 RPM records and typically played for about 15 minutes per side, with very good

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Peabrain zine released a 2" compilation – the ADHD EP – which includes 6 bands from Southampton and Portsmouth (The Shorts, Joythief, Shooting Fish, Black Anchor, Chemical Threat, and Baby Jugglers) who recorded a 10-second song each. It was pressed on green vinyl and limited to 300 copies, each

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Shaped discs contain an ordinary grooved centre (typically the same as a standard 7-inch) but with a non-grooved outer rim that can be cut to any shape that does not cut into the grooves. These oddly shaped records were frequently combined with picture discs (see above); a trend that was pushed

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record. Only seen occasionally in the 1950s, these recordings were increasingly used as inserts in magazines that included audio supplements from the 1960s through the 1980s. The recordings were pressed on very thin, flexible sheets of vinyl (or laminated paper), providing a mixture of economy,

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Almost all analog disc records were recorded at a constant angular speed, resulting in a decreasing linear speed toward the disc's center. The result was a maximum level of signal distortion due to low groove velocity nearest the center of the disc, called "end-groove distortion". Loud musical

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Developed in the mid-1970s by the firm MDR (Magnetic Disc Recording), the Trimicron record enjoyed a brief success. The principle was to remove the empty space between each groove. On average, this empty space is as wide as two grooves, and because of this, its removal effectively triples the

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or 78) but starting from the inside. An example was those made by the New York Judson Studios, starting in about 1928 or 1929 and running into the 1930s. Each record was 12 inches, made of standard shellac, started in the inner groove and had a locked groove at the outer edge. Some radio

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When RCA Victor launched the 7-inch 45 rpm record, they initially had eight musical classifications (pop, country, blues, classical, children's, etc.) each with not only its own uniquely colored label but with a corresponding color vinyl. According to experts at the Sarnoff Center in

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released a one-sided 7-inch called "NOYFB Escapes from Hell" (side 2 has a groove, but there is no audio encoded in the groove), with 2 grooves that started from the center and ended on the outside of the disc. One groove ran at 45 rpm, while the other ran at 33 rpm. UK punk rocker

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were black, and that has been the standard color for gramophone records ever since. But as early as 1899, the Vitaphone Talking Machine Co. made records that were brownish-red in color. 7" and 10" Nicole Records, about 1904–1908 made of laminated cardboard, were brown. The

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fidelity—when heard over the air, indistinguishable from live to a casual, but not to a critical listener. Old 16-inch turntables are sometimes still found in radio broadcast studios, but it is now very unlikely that any disc larger than 12-inch will ever be played on them.

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particularly hard by UK record company branches in the mid-1980s. Curiously, uncut test pressings of shaped discs in their original 12-inch form – with the clear vinyl surrounds still intact – are much more sought-after by collectors than the "regular" shapes themselves.

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revolutions per minute (rpm), 45 rpm, and 78 rpm. Established as the only common rotational speed prior to the 1940s, the 78 became increasingly less common throughout the 1950s and into more modern decades as the 33 and the 45 became established as the new standards for

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to release records of different colors at the same time, and press a smaller number of one color than the other. This has created a culture of hardcore record collecting based on having the same release multiple times, each copy with a different and more rare color.

2467:. Sides 1, 2 and 4 played normally. Side 3 played from the inside out and side 5 was on a 7-inch single. The side consisted of one recorded groove in the center of the record and was a perfectly timed loop of the music of a non-album song called "All the Shit U Do." 1138: 2055:

This concept has been extended to the production of records consisting entirely of circular multiple bands to provide collections of infinite loop sound samples of duration limited to one revolution of the disc. Notable examples of this are the releases from

2649:). Columbia also issued a few 10-inch 78s in 1931 with concentric grooves for their cheap Harmony, Clarion, and Velvet Tone labels. In the blank edge of the record, there was a stamp 'A' and 'B', which indicated where each of the concentric grooves started. 2265:, the last song on side one continues into the inner spiral and into the inner groove with a loop of a male voice providing a spoken percussion effect of "boom boom crash crash," which, however, when it reaches the inner groove is not strictly in the same 3071:

In the 1970s and 1980s, more than a thousand audiophile records were produced with audio tracks specially encoded to be played back through various noise reduction systems in order to reduce noise and increase the dynamic range. Systems employed include

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released a 10-inch single called "LSD" on clear pink vinyl with pink glitter inside the vinyl. One side of the single had one song that played from inside out and, on the other side, there were two songs that were pressed as concentric grooves. Many of

2760:(see "flexidisc" above), playable on a standard turntable. It had eight interlaced grooves, each track starts with the same happy and upbeat "Super Spectacular Day" beginning of the song but have eight different dark and gloomy endings. In the 1980s, 2052:, like the CD release, features the remix of "Clint Eastwood" as a bonus track but the LP has a recorded locked groove after what is meant to be the final track of the album so the needle has to be physically lifted and moved to play the bonus track. 3358:

In the 1970s, such gimmicks started to reappear on records, especially on 7-inch and 12-inch singles. These included using colored acetate instead of black vinyl. Available colors included clear, translucent white, red, blue, yellow and multi-hued.

1746:, which mechanically place the "45" onto a turntable with a conical spindle having a matching diameter at its base, making the placement operation easier, safer, and surer than it was with the small-diameter holes and spindles in 78 rpm jukeboxes. 2249:

has a locked groove at the end of each side, with the inner spiral on side one leading to the inner groove with the spoken phrase "Turn me over," and the inner spiral of side two leading to the inner groove with the spoken phrase "Play me again."

3567:. One US series was more substantial. Some suffered from audible defects such as low-frequency noise due to a surface texture or were rapidly worn to shreds by the very heavy pickups and crude steel needles used to play records at that time. 3186:

In the late 1970s and early 1980s, when computer programs and other binary data were often stored on audio cassettes, a number of microcomputer hobbyist magazines published "flexible program sheets" under various trademarked names including

3689:) which was in the shape of the United States. This record was problematic because record players whose tonearms returned automatically after the record finished playing often did just that before the needle actually reached the song. 3129:

With their origin stretching back to the dawn of recorded sound at the turn of the 20th century, flexible recording media have been made from a variety of materials including foil, paper, and–in the 1950s–thin flexible vinyl known as

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the race on that occasion. This appears to have been based on a Canadian product called "They're at the Post" by Maas Marketing, which is more or less the same game with different recordings on the discs to reflect the target market.

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soundtrack featured a locked groove on each face of the records. Each locked groove features a different instrument from the song Travelers, which is featured at the end of the game when characters come together to play the song.

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Canadian hardcore punk bands Left For Dead and Acrid released a split LP on No Idea Records on 31 July 1997 as a saw-blade shaped vinyl record. When these spun on the record player, they resembled a spinning saw. The rap duo

2498:, features two 10-inch locked groove albums, each containing 20 looped tracks from the record label's most popular artists. Both album sleeves contain correct turntable pitch speed settings for each track. Another example is 3330:

produced records made of blue shellac for their flagship label, although pressings for client labels were made in standard black. Unusual colors, and even multi-colored shellac first appeared in the 1910s on such labels as

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in the density of grooves per cm (totalling to ca. 450 TPI). Nevertheless, the fragility and hyper-specificity of the new format proved them to be commercially unsuccessful, and only 14 different records were ever released.

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to create extra-high density discs so that a book or magazine could be contained on fewer records. Test pressings were made at the normal 12-inch and 10-inch sizes in addition to the 7-inch sizes noted below for both

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rpm. However, as no recording lathe can engrave a record accurately at such a slow speed, in actuality the disc was mastered at four-times speed or 16 rpm with the program material similarly being played at quadruple

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Until the 1920s, French Pathé Records used inside start and other commercially distinctive grooving. At that time they cut all discs vertically, meaning the vibrations in the grooves were "hill and dale", as their

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Although these etchings cannot be seen while the record is playing, some are pressed on clear vinyl so the etchings can be seen from both sides. An example of this is the 1997 7-inch of "Freeze the Atlantic" by

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in 1978 and the "Translumadefractadisc" (Han-O-Disc) punk sampler picture disc (which had a silk screened luminous ink under the litho on Mylar film image of Medusa) was released by The Label (U.K) in 1979. The

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Also known as concentric grooves, it is possible to master recordings with two or more separate, interlaced spiral grooves on a side. Such records have occasionally been made as novelties. There were so-called

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7-inch discs. Some manufacturers of very low-speed discs such as Highway Hi-Fi used shallow and narrow "ultra-microgrooves," requiring a 0.25 mil stylus – modern styluses of 0.7–1.0 mil will damage these fine

3757:. The Gramophone company pressed their logo at the blank side of their single sided records in the early 1900s, in the same way. Some later single-sided Red Seal records by Victor had a pattern with the word 4454: 1912:

very harsh on the records, so engineers had to make them very abrasive and resistant to being tracked, which decreased sound quality in the long run). Busy Bee, in a marketing scheme similar to Standard

2372:). On the vinyl release of this album, at the end of the song "Bleak, Uncertain, Beautiful..." there is a string phrase recorded on the locked groove. The title's "infinity" refers to this phrase. The 3221:

Chocolate records about three inches in diameter, and small players made for them, were marketed as a novelty in Europe in 1903–1904. After a record or its amusement power wore out, it could be eaten.

2897:, who always favored the cylinder for all its advantages, also cut his discs with vertically modulated grooves from their introduction in 1912 until a year or two before his company's demise in 1929 ( 734:– Popular in Japan where they were known as sound-sheets, these releases were often in traditional round format. In other areas, flexi discs were usually square and often included in a magazine (see 658:– Popular in Japan where they were known as sound-sheets, these releases were often in traditional round format. In other areas, flexi discs were usually square and often included in a magazine (see 575:– Popular in Japan where they were known as sound-sheets, these releases were often in traditional round format. In other areas, flexi discs were usually square and often included in a magazine (see 3430:

with a slightly pink center label (as opposed to the usual buff color that A&M uses), and had strawberry scent embedded into the plastic to make the record give off the odor of strawberries.

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Some recordings were released in several different colors, in a deliberate effort to sell the same product to one person multiple times as collector's items. Currently, it is common practice for

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in Europe. During the same period, especially in the UK, producers manufactured this speed prior to the days when 16 rpm could provide intelligible voice recognition quality over repeated plays.

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is a floating hologram image of a spinning angel that appears when the record is played and viewed at from a certain angle. Additionally, alongside a standard vinyl release, the soundtrack for

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released a split in the shape of a skull. The record was considered a 10-inch. It spun at 45 rpm and was one sided. Some came in glow in the dark, some in blood red, and some black and white.

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RPM vinyl recording of "If I Didn't Love You", backed with "Another Nail In My Heart" (A&M Records AM-1616 / SP-4802). Due to space restrictions of the grooves, both songs were mixed as

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style. They sold for US$ 1.05 each, only about 50 percent more than ordinary shellac records, but the list of available titles was short and the recording artists were second-rank at best.

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rpm speed was used almost exclusively for spoken word content, in particular for earlier versions of the "talking books" used by the visually impaired, though it was also employed in the

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Children's records were manufactured in this size from the early 1900s (Little Wonder Records) all the way up to the late 1950s (Spear, Lincoln, Little John, Robin Hood, Simon Says, etc.)

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on tri-colored vinyl. Divided like a pie, one third was red, one third was black, and one third was tan/gold. Other bands have released records with 2 colors, divided down the middle.

2664:" offered a song with four different "fortunes" as endings. Due to the space consumed by the multiple grooves, the song itself played for only about one minute. In the 1960s, promoter 1916:

would employ a second cut-out area. This allowed the Busy Bee disc to also be played on a standard phonograph in addition to the proprietary format sold by the O'Neill-James Company.

3655:" is cited as the first shaped release. Commercially released shaped picture discs followed in the 1980s. A well known release, also by Toto, is a shaped picture disc with the song " 3931:

has a Double Vinyl release but it had music only on three sides, Side A, Side B and Side C featured all the tracks from the CD release. Side D had etched artwork instead of music.

2114:

of other hit records (in the style of Buchanan & Goodman, 1956). The last fragment on "Bionic Santa" (1976) would have Demis Roussos singing "Forever and Ever"... for ever. On

1689:

A small number of 78 rpm microgroove vinyl recordings have been issued by smaller and underground performers, mainly as novelty items, from the 1970s to the present. In 2006, the

601:

Between 1892 and 1900, the Berliner Gramophone Company released 7" records, to be played with a recently upgraded Gram-O-Phone reproducing machine. The descendants of its legacy (

2490:

There are also many techno records featuring loops as recorded locked grooves, which will continuously repeat the beats and musical phrases, which can then be utilized by a DJ.

1975: 1102: 342: 137: 40: 2641:

produced by the Gramophone Company in London in 1898 and 1899: these were discs with two interleaved tracks, issued as E5504, 9290, 9296. Their most famous was a three-track

1615:— Before 1930, particularly before 1925, a number of proprietary formats existed, with recordings made at speeds including 130 rpm (although most were between 72 and 82 rpm). 1172:

respectively. Throughout the history of the recording industry, however, numerous unusual turn-speeds ranging from 3 to 130 rpm have been utilized for a variety of purposes.

3171:

practical utility and novelty appeal. Flexi discs or Soundsheets were often provided by music publishers to their customers, frequently school band and orchestra directors,

2735:

featured on the second side a double groove that would either play the first track of side two or the hidden song that was found at the end of the CD version. The Marillion

1596:- Before complying to the standard in ca. 1927, records made by the Columbia Graphophone Company in ca. 1908 and later were recorded at around 80 rpm. Acoustically recorded 628:

introduced 8-inch records to replace their inexpensive 7-inch product, but they were soon discontinued. A similar scenario occurred in Europe for Emerson and Melodiya discs.

4088:'s Alan Palomo. It was pressed at United Record Pressing in Nashville at the same time as Jack White's liquid-filled "Sixteen Saltines" 12-inch, and the first copy of the 3250:

in the 1930s and 1960s, bootleg copies of banned Western music were individually recorded onto used medical x-ray film and sold on the black market. These were called "

427:

Hardcore punk band 2Minute Minor released a 20-second song called Soda Tax on a single-sided 2" lathe cut record, limited to 50 copies. This song is in response to the

3202: 2378: 1706:, containing the songs "Good Vibrations" and "Heroes And Villains". In 2019, Rivermount Records released an audiophile 78rpm microgroove record, containing 4 classic 303:

and disc records were invented), a wide variety of records have also been produced that do not fall into these categories, and they have served a variety of purposes.

3498: 4136:

personal computer. The short BASIC program shows a static screen containing a lightly paraphrased quotation from Albert Einstein and a Biblical verse (John 14:27).

770:

background music system (1959 to mid-1980s) used 9-inch, 16-rpm records with an unusual 2-inch center hole. Each record had a capacity of about 40 minutes per side.

1483:

The Prestige Jazz double-album MONO series are 12-inch 16-rpm discs. They can be played with a normal mono or stereo stylus (0.7 to 1.0 mil) stylus without damage.

2705: 400:

Numerous unusual diameters have been produced since the early 1900s ranging from 2 to 19.7 inches (51 to 500 mm). Oddly shaped discs were also produced (see

3063:

records present four channels of audio, requiring specialized pickups and decoding equipment to reproduce the two additional channels' signals from the groove.

2994:

released a Parallel Groove 12-inch, "Are you more than just a product of your influence" that plays from the inside out on both sides at both 16 and 78 speeds.

2196:

contains a locked groove at the end of the final track, "Expressway to yr. Skull (Madonna, Sean, and Me)" and the track's length is indicated on the label as "

940:– Between 1903 and 1910, American companies made recordings of 14-inch records that played at the unusual speed of 60 rpm. The 14-inch size was soon abandoned. 3389:

called "Samson And Delilah" that was pressed on clear vinyl, with a clear label and clear print on the label and it came in a clear sleeve. In 1983, American

2860:

movements, for example, varied greatly in length and could be difficult to arrange appropriately on 20-minute disc sides, made them no more than curiosities.

2072:

from drifting into the label area. However, it is possible to record sound in this groove, and some artists have included looping audio in the locked groove.

450:

Also known as "8ban," (for "8cm Bandai") these were developed in Japan by record pressing company Toyokasei and released in "blind-bag" format by toy company

3860:

This laser etching does not affect the playing grooves. This same process was also used for the 45 single of the band's song "One Step Ahead" from the album

2814:

Records with parallel grooves have been used in games to provide multiple outcomes, chosen either deliberately or randomly, depending on the game. In 1971,

2229:

released the single "Play At Your Own Risk" in 1982. The original 12-inch release sees the A-side repeating its persistent echoed vocal in the lock-groove.

1728: in (6.4 mm) in diameter. The only common exception to this is the 7-inch 45 rpm record, which was designed with a center hole slightly more than 5730: 5256: 1898:

of St. Joseph, Michigan. The rarest edition comes with a fibreboard insert to adapt the 3-inch hole of the vinylite discs to a standard phonograph hole.

589:

sounds called "Songs of the Humpback Whale." With a production order of 10.5 million, it became the largest single press run of any record at the time.

4180:

features a hologram of a spinning Red Star of the Federation. All three of these were produced by Tristan Duke for his studio Infinity Light Science.

3399: 243: 230: 2081: 1332:

the 7-inch variety holding roughly 90 minutes. The format was later used to distribute magazines on nine-inch "flexible discs" recorded at the same

46: 1039:

were dubbed from recordings which had been mastered on 16-inch lacquer discs in anticipation of eventual release in a smaller "microgroove" format.

5297: 2487:, the locked groove at the end of the disc continues the instrumental lead-out of the track indefinitely as long as the DJ wished to let it play. 184: 2514:

was released on CD with 15 songs segued together, but the double LP version consists of 200 locked grooves, each with its own four-letter title.

3149:

have been produced as integral promotional novelties on packaging, most notably on the backs of cereal boxes in the late 1960s and early 1970s.

649:– Mostly seen as Japanese pressed records in the 1980s and 1990s, and after 1992 in the US (one record plant started producing them after then). 156: 3522: 4842: 4044:

colored silicone fluids and oils that freely move around was produced; however, leakage proved too great a problem and it was never released.

1416:

speed setting on turntables became standard roughly between the mid-1950s and very early 1970s despite the records themselves being a rarity.

5310: 4256: 2972:

released his first ever record, "His Master's Voices" a transparent two sided LP. Both sides play from the inside to the outside of the disc.

1250: 2392:(1985) features a recorded lock groove on the final song ("Anything") which results in the final note of the album slowly repeating itself. 2322: 163: 3906: 3545:

Colored vinyl records became increasingly popular in later years, with some albums having multiple releases in various different colors.

3109:

was a system of proprietary records and players designed for use in automobiles, utilizing a slower play speed and high stylus pressure.

2692:

consisted of three parallel grooves of the same song, each containing different lyrics (an assortment of humorous, macabre retellings of

2211:" EP in 1977. On the original 7 inch, the A-side track "Cat on a Wall" ends with sustained guitar feedback repeating in the lock-groove. 5725: 3771: 5080: 2921:(samplers of various Mercury popular artists at the time) which played from the inside-out and had a locking groove at the disc's edge. 2218:

released their single "I Am the Beat" in 1980, which ended with the distinctive drum beat and vocal being repeated in the lock-groove.

1894:

The 3-inch spindle format would be resurrected some 40 years later for the Holy Bible Old and New Testaments produced at 16 RPM by the

3577:

The first 'modern' rock picture disc was introduced as an assortment of artists such as MC5 and The Doors. It was released in 1969 by

4059:" on a liquid-filled disc, calling it "the first-ever disc of its kind to be made available to the public" and noting the unreleased 3582: 170: 82: 78: 4691: 4416: 4284: 4072: 4021: 4001: 3526: 3518: 2808: 2068:

Most records have a locked groove at the end of each side or individual band. It is usually a silent loop that keeps the needle and

2001: 1356:. The National Library Service for the Blind ceased using analog discs as a format for audio book and magazine distribution in 2001. 1254: 1124: 364: 268: 203: 54: 5143: 5106: 4402: 3278: 5179: 5148: 5111: 3795: 1785: 557: 4325: 2890:

transcription discs had both outside and inside-start as a way to maintain the fidelity levels when the record was turned over.

2684:

number. Garabedian's records were made to be given away as premiums, usually by potato chip manufacturers. The opening track of

643:, in New York City in 1932. Priced at 10 cents, they were replaced by a 10-inch Electradisk later that year, priced at 20 cents. 152: 4783: 4243:

Bartmanski, Dominik; Woodward, Ian (2015). "Thing: Qualities and Entanglements - Formats: Diameter and Speed Differentiation".

3814:

for the track "Magic Window", albeit to replace the 1 minute 46 second long silent track that appears on digital versions.

3485: 3855: 3841: 3559:

A picture disc has graphics visible in the grooved playing area, rather than just on an unplayable back side or large label.

3012:

In the 2010s, German classical music label Tacet issued some classical recordings that played from the inside out, including

1979: 1532: 1106: 725:

made nine inch black shellac records in the second half of the 1910s, these also appeared on client labels such as Medallion.

625: 606: 580: 346: 141: 5479: 2928:

song named "Back To Zero" by Francis Lowe that played from the edge of the label outwards on side B, and normally on side A.

2321:

includes a locked groove at the end of side A (AKA "side alpha") which repeats the sound heard at the beginning of the song

2060:

of the 7-inch RRR-100 (with 100 individual bands) and the 12-inch RRR-500 (with 500 bands) and RRR-1000 (with 1,000 bands.)

281:

The overwhelming majority of records manufactured have been of certain sizes (7, 10, or 12 inches), playback speeds (33

2476:: The applause at the end of side 4 would continue into the locked groove, rather than fading out like on the other sides. 1628:

At least one attempt to lengthen playing time was made in the early 1920s. World Records produced records that played at a

3899:

had a special edition with the Superman "S" shield logo etched five times on each side of the standard black vinyl album.

3176: 2781: 2424:, features a recorded locked groove at the end of side one which continuously plays the last note of "The Last Film." The 2799:

has a lead track with a parallel groove listed on the label as "0. Mystery Track," which runs parallel to the track. The

2589:, there is a locked groove at the end of Side A, which features an eerie ambience that loops until the needle is lifted. 2310:

rhythm again) in the lead-in groove opening Side Two of the album, which then leads to the first selection on that side.

4343: 4156: 3722: 3447: 3287: 2546: 1554:— Between 1901 and ca. 1908, the Columbia Graphophone Company recorded single-sided plates at a speed of around 76 rpm. 4189: 4100: 3938: 2582: 2402:

contains a locked groove at the end of the first disc repeating the words "turn me over." The second side of the live

2359: 2153: 2110: 1142: 5569: 4300: 3052:

be mounted together, with the proper spacing, on a single tone arm. Over 50 records were released using this format.

2768:

as a series of concentric grooves, which they call a "Trick-Track Master". Each side of the album has four grooves.

2554:

ends with a locked groove resulting in the group repeating the phrase "waiting" until the listener lifts the needle.

1964: 1352: 3502:

album featured spattered-color vinyl, with a grey/white marbled base with splashes of color on the top of that. The

3183:. The director could then hear a sample recording of the piece as they looked at an excerpt from the musical score. 1350:

transparency sheet. The first magazine to be circulated widely in the flexible disc format to blind individuals was

4892: 3729:" on limited edition shaped discs. The "Jet City Woman" picture disc is in the shape of the band's Tri-Ryche logo. 3023: 2785: 2534: 2162: 3125:"Floppy ROM" were distributed by computer hobbyist and video game magazines during the late 1970s and early 1980s. 1983: 1968: 1095: 335: 235: 130: 94: 2618: 2413: 2182: 2172: 2102: 177: 5266: 3993: 3875: 3595: 3403:; a limited number of copies were pressed on clear vinyl and included in an elaborate plastic case designed by 2408: 2192: 1637: 1629: 435: 4763: 3766:

After having already released both colored vinyl singles and picture discs in the 1980s, Canadian rock artist

3506:

pressing came in multiple (solid) colors of vinyl and a picture disc edition that came with a flexi-disc (the

2138:, the feedback at the end of "If Work Permits" continues into the lock-groove, which repeats. Early copies of 493:

record, to be usable in most compact disc players, the record can be no bigger than 120 mm or about 4.7".

2661: 960:- 16-inch discs were used, but also 12-inch and 10-inch discs, as part of an early sound-film system made by 5706:

Vinyl Underground, a Gallery of Picture Discs and Colored Vinyl Records. Contains hundreds of discs to view.

5401: 4606: 3521:", originally on both black and clear green vinyl and later reissued on red vinyl, and a 12-inch single of " 3327: 3308: 3138: 2955: 2737: 1480:

Another notable example of a "16 RPM" record was a 7-inch single of the song Orouburous by drone band Earth.

759:. The record featured two songs on the first side, and an etching of the album's promotional logo (a coiled 5493: 1501:

Dictation records in the U.S. such as the Edison Voicewriter which recorded on thin flexible plastic discs.

462:

singles in this format. Disks in this format continue to be manufactured, particularly in association with

5720: 3698: 2459: 2125: 1844: 1633: 632: 4408: 4248: 4215: 4205: 4052: 3675: 3525:" on silver colored vinyl in 1992, in order to commemorate the massive sales of his earlier hit single " 3348: 3292: 2120: 1895: 1460: 1192: 562: 3578: 3262: 2665: 2522: 384:"Move Away" 5-inch picture disc, example of the 5-inch format resting on a 7-inch single for comparison 5000: 4941: 4076:, which was filled with a diluted mix of blood contributed by several of the collaborators, including 2382:

ends with the song "Lock Groove Lullaby" which, as the name suggests, extends into the locked groove.

4123: 3950: 3819: 3686: 3681:

Some extreme examples required smaller grooving than standard 7-inch such as the single "Montana" by

3423: 3419: 3095: 3091: 3020: 3006: 3002: 2940: 2772: 2669: 2329: 2262: 2016: 291:, 45, or 78 RPM), and appearance (round black discs). However, since the commercial adoption of the 5354: 4558: 4200: 3966:

of the studio layout with the various instrument stations as laid out in the studio for recording.

3652: 3404: 3322: 2865: 2746: 2657: 2454: 2442: 2348: 2023:

30 Trimicron records were released, though copies are nowadays rare, especially in good condition.

755: 4723: 4498: 4432: 3232:

that are playable miniature phonograph records. These thin plastic single-sided adhesive-backed 33

2364: 485:

released the single for "The Occurrence" on a disc that is a gramophone record on one side, and a

5628: 5602: 5454: 5302: 5232: 4743: 3970: 3935: 3777: 3745: 3706: 3694: 3656: 3455: 3048: 2898: 2562: 1757:

schemes that sold a phonograph cheaply, but required purchase of compatible discs at full-price.

1567: 1536: 1347: 1021: 602: 5494:"Harry Manfredini – Friday The 13th (Vinyl, LP, Album, Limited Edition, Blood-Filled) | Discogs" 5426: 4382: 3890:" The Quad: Final Mix on side A and the etched image of a rose and a hand-drawn "DM" on side B. 2991: 2795: 2745:

or less so with water noise. In 2005, a 7-inch single titled "The Road Leads Where It's Led" by

2124:, there is cheering and applause recorded before and on the locked groove of the B side, after " 3620: 2944: 2749:

was released in UK that contained both tracks on one side on parallel grooves. The Summer 1980

2412:

has a locked groove that contains the first few seconds of applause after they finish playing "

1651:

The CLV format would reemerge in the 1940s and 1950s in office dictation machines known as the

5458: 5306: 5161: 5157: 5124: 5120: 4687: 4648: 4412: 4280: 4252: 4162: 4150: 4070:

released an extremely limited (and expensive) edition of their double album of collaborations

4048: 3887: 3340: 3251: 3225: 2819: 2631: 2425: 2393: 2342: 2338:, the chimes heard at the end of "By-Tor & the Snow Dog" continue into the locked groove. 2167: 2149: 2144: 1754: 1196: 1141:

In the early 1920s, the Edison Records "Diamond Disc" label–here featuring the popular duo of

895: 750: 538: 292: 4968: 4914: 3156:

In the 1950s, advances in vinyl production technology led to the development of the 7-inch 33

4632: 4591: 4067: 4056: 3923: 3914: 3803: 3664: 3643:

Shaped picture discs were first manufactured in the late 1970s for promotional purposes. An

3586: 3537: 3332: 3303: 3146: 3088: 3044: 3009:

album, featuring one side that plays the song "Closing Theme" from the inside out at 45 rpm.

2998: 2608: 2417: 2091: 2049: 1699: 1055: 914: 867: 813: 786: 742: 695: 666: 636: 463: 431: 5699: 5544: 4867: 3153:

around itself, so that the whole thing could be placed on the turntable and played intact.

5261: 4119: 4096: 3942: 3786:

with side four having etched artwork on it incorporating the band's logo. The "B side" of

3624: 3451: 3336: 2914: 2875:

A number of radio transcriptions were standard lateral grooved records (either playing at

2784:," which has "Nothing at All" and "Split Needles (Alt. Version)" on the b-side.) The band 2603: 2526: 2447: 2398: 2222: 2215: 2208: 1888: 844: 746: 722: 721:– Prior to 1910, nine-inch brown shellac records were issued under the Zon-O-Phone label. 566:

78-only player to be put to work as a toy, expendable if it got damaged by rough handling.

300: 4995: 1923:

have multiple holes (usually three or four) intended to prevent slippage during cutting.

961: 4364: 3737: 3213: 5292: 5022: 4973: 4946: 4919: 4542: 4036: 4026: 3862: 3811: 3726: 3718: 3660: 3503: 3468: 3427: 3386: 3142: 2969: 2932: 2800: 2750: 2741:

vinyl has a double groove on side four, ending the album either happily with the track

2731: 2530: 2484: 2233: 2204: 1707: 1703: 1652: 1169: 1020:

rpm discs—shellac in the early 1930s, but vinyl in later years—were used to distribute

1007: 513: 506: 454:

in 2004. They experienced a resurgence in the United States because of the interest of

5187: 3905: 2958:," on 12-inch blue vinyl with both sides running from the inside of the disc outwards. 1346:

rpm. These discs were made of thin plastic and were literally flexible, similar to an

5714: 5518: 5440: 5288: 3986: 3754: 3671: 3570: 3507: 3411: 3394: 3366: 3335:. In the 1920s, several companies made records of various shades of brown, including 3229: 3172: 3106: 3013: 2976: 2962: 2906: 2894: 2818:

introduced a game called "Talking Football," in which two players simulate a game of

2761: 2685: 2681: 2677: 2613: 2567: 2389: 2254: 2241: 2226: 2177: 2157: 2038: 1597: 1438: 1417: 1165: 1059: 956: 918: 871: 817: 790: 699: 459: 4170:

on the other, both spinning at the speed of the record. The deluxe vinyl edition of

3832: 1195:

held a party to celebrate the third anniversary of his Nashville label/record store

466:

during which 3" singles are made available exclusively through participating stores.

5573: 4511: 4195: 4175: 4133: 4081: 3997: 3974: 3959: 3883: 3826: 3711: 3682: 3607: 3564: 3554: 3464: 3433: 3370: 3362: 3247: 3217:

A short stack of small chocolate records, with a special record player made in 1904

3207: 3060: 3040: 2790: 2700: 2693: 2673: 2518: 2495: 2464: 2403: 2384: 2352: 2134: 2106: 1920: 1873: 1718:

The vast majority of records used a standard small spindle hole slightly more than

1694: 1641: 1399: 1137: 1054:– In the first three decades of the twentieth century European companies including 1025: 913:– In the first three decades of the twentieth century European companies including 866:– In the first three decades of the twentieth century European companies including 812:– In the first three decades of the twentieth century European companies including 785:– In the first three decades of the twentieth century European companies including 767: 694:– In the first three decades of the twentieth century European companies including 486: 390: 381: 306: 3117: 749:

released a limited edition series of 9-inch discs to aid in promoting the single "

5690: 5686: 2446:

ends side 3 with a continuous loop of the repeated piano chord heard throughout "

2148:

have the sound of a dripping tap repeating at the end of side two. The B-side of

2032:

rock music. These individual bands need not be cut at the same speed. The second

4171: 4167: 4085: 4041: 3895: 3870: 3787: 3767: 3702: 3648: 3532: 3514: 3475:

also released a glow-in-the-dark 11-inch EP in 2000. In late 2010 – early 2011,

3472: 3382: 3355:

was at one point going to be printed on colored vinyl, but this never happened.

3180: 3084: 2936: 2925: 2757: 2726: 2710: 2574: 2499: 2472: 2437: 2335: 2187: 2076: 1953: 1931: 1084: 966: 840: 671: 428: 324: 119: 4469: 4132:

at the end of their 1984 vinyl, containing a computer software program for the

5624: 5594: 4710: 4220: 4145: 3978: 3955: 3928: 3910: 3799: 3701:, in the shape of the album's "Joker Card", the Wraith. Alternative rock band 3611: 3590: 3563:

plastic laminated onto a sheet of printed cardboard before being stamped in a

3266: 3188: 3167: 3131: 3077: 2804: 2653: 2586: 2246: 2139: 2129: 2033: 1583: 1312: 1244: 891: 730: 654: 640: 571: 534: 482: 455: 377: 296: 5327: 5165: 5128: 4652: 4449: 964:. The discs were synchronised to a motion picture film, and were played on a 4587: 4527:

World Records, Vocalion "W" Fetherflex and Penny Phono Recordings: A listing

4210: 3902:

Disturbed Immortalized (LP) Side 4 is Decorated with etching on whole side.

3850: 3836: 3774:" in autumn 1991, which had the front cover photography etched onto side B. 3603: 3443: 3440:

was produced on opaque yellow vinyl, in reference to the name of the album.

3390: 3299: 3277: 3137:

Thin, flexible paper-based records were briefly popularized in the 1930s by

3081: 2835: 2777: 2551: 2373: 2318: 2089:

responded by putting a musical locked groove at the end of their 1967 album

2057: 1926: 1600:

plates may also be found to be recorded at 80 rpm (also in 1927 and before).

1587: 1063: 1036: 990:"talking picture" system developed in the mid-1920s, the first use of the 33 987: 922: 875: 821: 794: 760: 703: 3517:

released a small number of singles on colored vinyl. Notable examples are "

3243:

inches) make them unplayable on turntables with automatic return tonearms.

3047:, released a number of "binaural" recordings. These were not created using 3016: 2983:

released their second untitled album, the A side of which plays inside out.

1434:

rpm talking books require a 0.5 (half) mil stylus to avoid being destroyed.

221: 5210: 4784:"The Outer Wilds Vinyl is Incredibly Cool and Very Rare - Resell Calendar" 5598: 5051: 4706: 4160:

was made available on a holographic record that displays an image of the

4009: 3807: 3791: 3480: 3073: 2980: 2951: 2869: 2857: 2507: 2098: 2046: 527: 310:

Polish sound postcards, one example of unusual gramophone records (1950s)

5694: 5679: 5675: 4900: 4020: 2541:

6006-491 that included a recorded locked groove at the end of the side.

1698:

playing time than standard groove 78 rpm records. In 2011, to celebrate

952:

Early Pathé "Cinéma" mood music was recorded in 16 inch shellac records.

509:

recorded a few 5" records under the toy company Krammer & Reinhardt.

5678:

Site devoted entirely to "strange but true recorded anomalies" such as

5233:"Record stamps of Bhutan shown unused and canceled on first day covers" 4768: 4748: 4728: 4389: 4371: 4326:"The resurrection of an obscure, niche vinyl format: The 3-inch record" 3644: 3476: 3369:

with transparent vinyl and cover in 1971, and a transparent 12-inch of

3282: 2538: 2105:

has sound in the locked groove. And in 1971, at the end of one side of

2086: 2069: 1743: 1690: 1677:

rpm) depending on the effect desired by the person playing the record.

1656: 1109: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1024:

of prerecorded programming. Radio stations also made their own 16-inch

349: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 5702:

A short article looking at the history of the 45 RPM spindle adaptor.

5379: 3632: 3036: 2815: 2559: 451: 5355:"Are Colored Vinyl Records Rare? Here's Why You Should Collect Them" 2197: 1572:— Standardized to run at 80 rpm, these records were vertically cut, 5650: 3783:

Good Apollo, I'm Burning Star IV, Volume Two: No World for Tomorrow

2780:' 7-inch records have parallel grooves (such as their 2007 single " 2355:

after the instrumental title track on side 2 to loop indefinitely.

2156:" ends the song "Suicide" with an eternal yell in the lock-groove. 5705: 4868:"Barry S. Goldberg's Silly Song Project – "Super-Spectacular Day"" 4077: 4019: 3904: 3831: 3736: 3619: 3298: 3276: 3261: 3212: 3116: 2987: 2314: 1136: 586: 376: 305: 5680:

a Chinese frozen-food package lid that was also a playable record

4817: 4805: 4684:

American Record Labels and Companies: An Encyclopedia (1891–1943)

4455:

National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped

2525:. A few years later, in December 1975, a British artist known as 1648:

use the CLV format to make efficient use of their surface areas.

847:

were the first band to release an 11-inch record in October 1984.

5055: 4843:"Great Big Beautiful Wonderful Incredible Super Spectacular Day" 4711:

RetroTech: Seeburg 1000 BMS1 Background Music System (1959–1986)

3697:

released a sample vinyl featuring songs from their studio album

3493: 2517:

The first known hit single to have a recorded locked groove is "

2115: 1420:

proved to be a far more popular format for such spoken content.

4499:

https://voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/golden-record/whats-on-the-record/

3663:" on side 2. It was originally pressed in 1983 and reissued on 3191:", "Flexisoft", and "Discoflex". These bound-in thin plastic 33 1201:

The First Three Years of Blue Series Singles On One LP at 3 RPM

5570:"Jack White's New ULTRA LP Generates A Hologram When It Spins" 3705:

released a specially created web-shaped vinyl for the single "

3529:", which was featured in its full-length version on the disc. 3378: 1947: 1645: 1078: 318: 215: 113: 61: 20: 4633:"Lowdown On New RCA Disk—Changer Is Heart of New Player Unit" 4433:"The Beloved Voices | American Foundation for the Blind" 2672:

created a "Magic Record" which would randomly play a tune by

1402:

Background Music System. For this reason, the inclusion of a

1149:

The most common rotational speeds for gramophone records are

3513:

From the mid 1980s to the early 1990s, Canadian rock singer

2872:

stylus and a vertically responsive reproducer for playback.

2295:("boom boom crash crash ") This motif reappears (in strict 925:

made recordings in a variety of sizes, including 35 cm.

824:

made recordings in a variety of sizes, including 27 cm.

797:

made recordings in a variety of sizes, including 25 cm.

706:

made recordings in a variety of sizes, including 21 cm.

851:

rim can be found the only recorded instance of Bix's voice.

4540:

Dutton, G. F. (June 1951). "Gramophone Turntable Speeds".

4301:"Soda Tax (Single): 2" Lathe Cut Record (Limited Edition)" 3879:

had a laser-etched design of the band's logo on side two.

2961:

In 1994, the Cyrus 12-inch single "Inversion" released by

1702:, Capitol Records released a 78rpm Microgroove record of 1531:— Before the 78 rpm was considered a worldwide standard, 1199:. The attendees were each given a copy of an LP entitled 894:

bands in the 1990s started releasing EPs on all sizes of

537:

bands in the 1990s started releasing EPs on all sizes of

4525:

Frank Andrews; Arthur Badrock; Edward S. Walker (1992).

2570:

repeating the phrase "Oh, Mercy!" at the end of Side B.

4144:

One of the many features added to the vinyl version of

3471:" was available on 12-inch glow-in-the-dark vinyl, and 3458:

released a luminous vinyl limited edition of the album

2830:

Inside-to-outside recording and hill-and-dale recording

1066:

made recordings in a variety of sizes, including 50 cm.

878:

made recordings in a variety of sizes, including 29 cm.

90: 4996:""They're At the Post" Horse Racing Game With Records" 4344:"The Vinyl And CD Release On One Disc From Jeff Mills" 4051:

announced a limited edition 12-inch single release of

4034:

For the release of the soundtrack for the Disney film

2917:

released a pair of dealer-only promotional LPs called

827:

Edison Diamond Discs were of around 10 inch on average

585:'s January 1979 issue included a 6-inch flexi disc of 4764:"Planet Patrol – Play at Your Own Risk (1982, Vinyl)" 4279:. United States: Routledge Publishing. p. 1320. 4129: 4099:

released a blood-filled record for the soundtrack of

4092:

blood vinyl was traded for two copies of "Saltines."

2935:

in Germany released a limited-edition version of the

2075:

One of the best-known examples of this technique was

5380:"The Association of Vogue Picture Record Collectors" 2358:

Another example of recorded locked groove record is

5595:"Hologram Vinyl – Star Wars TFA Soundtrack (in 4K)" 3945:has program code from the game etched into side D. 3179:leaders and others, with their printed catalogs of 2470:An example of a live album with a locked groove is 609:

in US) continued issuing 7" plates for a few years.

144:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 3201:rpm audio recordings stored computer data such as 2566:have a locked groove of lead singer and guitarist 1753:Early on, some 78 rpm records had larger holes in 5480:"Wayne Coyne Tweets Show How Blood Vinyl Is Made" 5184:René Rondeau's Antique Phonograph Gallery website 4470:"Latest Advances in Extra Fine Groove Recording" 3602:In the 1950s, "movie" discs showing a repeating 3031:Early multiple track (i.e., stereophonic) format 2947:that played from the edge of the label outwards. 2868:had always been. The records required a special 2725:parallel grooves of different Rush songs. Also 2680:' novelty song "Peanut Butter," or an imitation 2379:Transient Random Noise Bursts With Announcements 1710:songs, as recorded by The Chicago Cellar Boys. 3992:First US vinyl pressings of American rock band 3893:The original soundtrack recording for the film 3802:"sculpture" embossed on its surface. Side 6 of 3583:Psychedelic Underground - Off 2, Hallucinations 735: 659: 576: 394: 4118:An album by Christian Contemporary Rock band, 5180:"Stollwerck and Eureka Chocolate Phonographs" 5081:"Disposable Pop: A History of the Flexi Disc" 4512:"16 RPM — the forgotten vinyl speed • DJWORX" 4245:Vinyl: The Analogue Record in the Digital Age 3039:system circa 1957, at least three companies: 1249:. In 1966, experiments were conducted by the 16:Gramophone records with non standard features 8: 5545:"35 Year-Old C64 Easter Egg Hidden On Vinyl" 4238: 4236: 3035:Before the development of the single-groove 2764:re-released the Henny Youngman comedy album 2924:In 1984, Many Records in Italy released an 1982:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 579:below). For example, the American magazine 401: 55:Learn how and when to remove these messages 5045: 5043: 4404:Alice Guy Blaché: Lost Visionary of Cinema 3483:released a limited 500 copy run of his EP 3418:The 1977 release of the 45 rpm single of " 635:test marketed 8-inch records on their own 5627:. Rush's YouTube page. 21 February 2015. 5421: 5419: 4724:"Squeeze – Packet of Three (1977, Vinyl)" 4677: 4675: 4673: 4671: 4669: 4270: 4268: 2002:Learn how and when to remove this message 1539:records were often recorded at 73.29 rpm. 1125:Learn how and when to remove this message 365:Learn how and when to remove this message 269:Learn how and when to remove this message 204:Learn how and when to remove this message 5074: 5072: 4744:"The Look – I Am the Beat (1980, Vinyl)" 4474:Journal of the Audio Engineering Society 3206:novelty releases from musicians such as 1759: 1174: 434:where some stores were taxing the drink 406: 246:of all important aspects of the article. 93:by adding descriptive text and removing 5298:The Complete Beatles Recording Sessions 5251: 5249: 4607:"They're Still Releasing 78 rpms!" 4559:"Featured Item: Cinematone Penny Phono" 4232: 2834:In the late 1920s and early 1930s, the 4529:. Spalding, Lincolnshire: The Authors. 4444: 4442: 3882:The 1990 Mute XL12Bong18 release from 3585:". The second release was the British 3353:Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Heart's Club Band 3121:Flexi disc program sheets such as the 2506:, which also ends in a locked groove. 1145:–were intended for playback at 80 rpm. 242:Please consider expanding the lead to 5631:from the original on 21 December 2021 5605:from the original on 21 December 2021 5353:Holdener, Michele (21 January 2022). 3748:on the back of a single sided record. 3709:," a song which was used in the film 3005:released a two-disc reissue of their 2838:sound system used large sixteen-inch 2502:'s "Diesel Drudge," from his 1994 EP 2082:Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band 1251:American Printing House for the Blind 153:"Unusual types of gramophone records" 7: 5441:"Nine Inch Nails – Quake Soundtrack" 5052:"The Bendable Sounds of Flexi-Discs" 4643:(2). Nielsen Business Media, Inc: 3 4337: 4335: 3510:edition, however, was plain black). 2965:had one side that played inside out. 2602:(mentioned above) has this feature. 2494:, the 20th anniversary box set from 1980:adding citations to reliable sources 1107:adding citations to reliable sources 753:" from their full length 1994 album 347:adding citations to reliable sources 142:adding citations to reliable sources 3523:Thought I'd Died And Gone To Heaven 3489:on 12-inch glow-in-the-dark vinyl. 2756:Super Special included a one-sided 2019:could fit on one Trimicron record. 5731:Lists of things considered unusual 5543:Harbron, Robin (19 October 2019). 3499:Q: Are We Not Men? A: We Are Devo! 3019:(2013) and the fourth movement of 2622:also start in the lead-in groove. 1876:records have a 2-inch center hole. 14: 5651:"Infinity Light Science homepage" 5265:. 22 October 1945. Archived from 4073:The Flaming Lips and Heady Fwends 3527:(Everything I Do) I Do It For You 3043:, Livingston Audio Products, and 2593:Sound recorded in lead-in grooves 2328:On the original vinyl release of 1255:American Foundation for the Blind 36:This article has multiple issues. 5144:"News: From Punk to Programming" 5142:Wolpe, Toby, ed. (August 1983). 4468:Goldmark, Peter C. (July 1958). 4450:NLS: That All May Read – History 3772:Can't Stop This Thing We Started 3377:was released. In the 1980s, the 2064:Sound recorded in locked grooves 1952: 1624:Varying and variable play-speeds 1083: 505:Between 1888 and ca. 1892-1894, 489:on the other. Although dubbed a 323: 220: 118: 66: 25: 5625:"RUSH 2112 Hologram Sneak Peek" 5326:Havoc, Felix (1 January 2005). 5257:"New Products: Plastic Records" 5186:. November 2005. Archived from 4942:""They're Off" Horse Race Game" 4897:Equalizing X Distort radio show 4828:advertised in (amongst others) 4040:, a prototype disc filled with 4012:outline featured on the cover. 3869:The 1981 A&M Records LP of 3849:The 1980 A&M Records LP of 3647:-shaped promotional release of 3486:Scary Monsters and Nice Sprites 2351:allows a sample of laughter by 2160:'s second album (also known as 1094:needs additional citations for 334:needs additional citations for 299:record in the U.S., where both 234:may be too short to adequately 129:needs additional citations for 44:or discuss these issues on the 5676:The Internet museum of records 5519:"BP Fallon | Fame #9 7" Vinyl" 4818:https://www.kellydatabase.org/ 4806:https://www.kellydatabase.org/ 4277:Encyclopedia of Recorded Sound 4103:, limited to under 75 copies. 3446:released a 12-inch single of " 2968:In 1997, English Sound Artist 2719:Rare Rock: A Collector's Guide 2232:San Francisco noise-punk band 986:rpm provided the sound in the 938:Early American shellac records 719:Early American shellac records 622:Early American shellac records 244:provide an accessible overview 1: 4342:Pinter, Dave (10 June 2010). 2950:In 1993, American metal band 2786:None of Your Fucking Business 2706:Matching Tie and Handkerchief 2390:Scraping Foetus Off The Wheel 2313:The 12-inch vinyl reissue of 1463:was mastered for playback at 976:– 16-inch discs playing at 33 5328:"MRR #267 Record collecting" 5079:Foley, Ryan (18 June 2007). 4686:. Denver: Mainspring Press. 4631:Caida, J. (8 January 1949). 4611:www.78rpmcommunity.com/blogs 4157:Star Wars: The Force Awakens 4111:A BP Fallon single entitled 3917:has etched artwork on Side D 3909:The Double Vinyl release of 3780:released their fourth album 3610:technique, an example here: 3067:Disc noise reduction formats 2186:also utilize the technique. 1353:U.S. News & World Report 974:Vitaphone "talking pictures" 898:including 13 inches in size. 5685:Articles from Kempa.com on 5211:"Record stamps from Bhutan" 5105:Bennett, Bill (June 1982). 4713:, YouTube, 28 February 2017 4190:Capacitance Electronic Disc 3438:Something New Under the Sun 2537:) called, "Renta Santa" on 2529:did a break-in record (see 2360:Godspeed You! Black Emperor 1809:Harmony Disc Records had a 1496:Talking books for the blind 1143:Billy Jones and Ernest Hare 1022:"electrical transcriptions" 541:including 5 inches in size. 445:3.15 in (8.0 cm) 424:wrapped in a 24-page cover. 5747: 5726:History of sound recording 4458:. Accessed 20 August 2015. 3552: 3113:Unusual materials and uses 2629: 2370:F-sharp, A-sharp, Infinity 1613:Pre-standardization period 1594:Pre-standardization period 1582:inch thick with a core of 1552:Pre-standardization period 1529:Pre-standardization period 1514:Pre-standardization period 1046:19.7 in (50 cm) 1033:Early classical recordings 905:13.8 in (35 cm) 858:11.4 in (29 cm) 804:10.6 in (27 cm) 577:Unusual materials and uses 512:In 1980, the British band 395:Unusual materials and uses 5382:. Voguepicturerecords.org 4899:. CIUT-FM. Archived from 4002:The Battle of Los Angeles 3971:unofficial vinyl releases 3606:were produced, using the 3581:of Germany and entitled " 3492:The Canadian pressing of 3312:on glow-in-the-dark vinyl 3102:Vibration-resistant discs 2699:A more recent example is 2619:Plastic Surgery Disasters 2573:The double record of the 2479:On the 12-inch single of 2414:21st Century Schizoid Man 2259:Songs for Swinging Larvae 2245:, the debut album by the 2183:Plastic Surgery Disasters 2173:The Fine Art of Surfacing 1459:The audio portion of the 777:9.8 in (25 cm) 686:8.3 in (21 cm) 473:4.7 in (12 cm) 5653:. Infinity Light Science 5198:– via Archive.org. 4501:Retrieved 20 April 2023. 4401:McMahan, Alison (2003). 3994:Rage Against the Machine 3934:The 2020 release of the 3770:issued a 12" single of " 3721:released their singles " 3535:released their first EP 2581:On the vinyl release of 1638:constant linear velocity 1630:constant linear velocity 1253:in cooperation with the 1052:European shellac records 1026:lacquer ("acetate") disc 1004:Early radio broadcasting 947:16 in (41 cm) 932:14 in (36 cm) 911:European shellac records 885:13 in (33 cm) 864:European shellac records 834:11 in (28 cm) 810:European shellac records 783:European shellac records 692:European shellac records 418:2 in (5.1 cm) 5455:"Record Store Day 2012" 5402:"The Vinyl Underground" 5023:"His Masters Voices LP" 4830:Illustrated London News 4275:Hoffman, Frank (2004). 3825:The Japanese rock band 3822:which has etched fish. 3328:American Record Company 3309:Your Weight on the Moon 3228:issued several unusual 3139:Hit of the Week Records 2771:In the 1980s, the band 2717:(mentioned in the book 2709:. A promotional EP by 2662:The Fortune Teller Song 1883:3 in (76 mm) 1868:2 in (51 mm) 1437:Chrysler's short-lived 1035:– Some early classical 713:9 in (23 cm) 616:8 in (20 cm) 551:6 in (15 cm) 500:5 in (13 cm) 95:less pertinent examples 5427:"Shaped picture discs" 5404:. vinylunderground.com 4893:"Equalizing X Distort" 4682:Sutton, Allan (2000). 4480:(3). CBS Labs: 152–153 4031: 3918: 3846: 3749: 3699:The Wraith: Shangri-La 3636: 3616:Unusually shaped discs 3313: 3296: 3274: 3254:" or 'Roentgenizdat'. 3218: 3126: 2523:Captain & Tennille 2460:Rings Around The World 2280:rhythm, being more in 2214:English new wave band 2126:The Way Old Friends Do 1891:had a three-inch hole. 1839: in (38 mm) 1804: in (19 mm) 1780: in (13 mm) 1634:Noel Pemberton Billing 1146: 633:F.W. Woolworth Company 432:Sweetened Beverage Tax 402:Unusually shaped discs 385: 311: 4969:"They're at the Post" 4584:Environments – Disc 1 4249:Bloomsbury Publishing 4216:Voyager Golden Record 4206:List of picture discs 4023: 3908: 3835: 3740: 3623: 3599:, a UK issue (1970). 3385:released a single on 3349:Princeton, New Jersey 3302: 3280: 3273:(1996) on pink vinyl. 3265: 3216: 3120: 2463:as a 3-record set on 2017:Brandenburg concertos 1788:had a half-inch hole. 1461:Voyager Golden Record 1317:— Beginning in 1969, 1140: 890:Underground hardcore 763:) on the second side. 563:Little Golden Records 533:Underground hardcore 380: 309: 5209:Cumella, M. (2003). 3810:has an etching of a 3687:They Might Be Giants 3424:The Brothers Johnson 3420:Strawberry Letter 23 3056:Quadraphonic formats 3003:Camper Van Beethoven 2941:Talking to the Night 2504:Planetary Funk Vol 4 2483:released in 1990 by 2263:Renaldo and the Loaf 1976:improve this section 1103:improve this article 516:released a 5-inch 33 343:improve this article 138:improve this article 5190:on 24 November 2005 5107:"All in the Groove" 4563:www.pickerswife.com 4514:. 22 November 2015. 4201:Lenticular printing 4016:Liquid-filled discs 3405:Robert Rauschenberg 3400:Speaking in Tongues 3397:released the album 3323:Berliner Gramophone 3321:The first discs by 3203:video game programs 2954:released a single " 2919:Counter-Revolutions 2899:Edison Disc Records 2747:The Secret Machines 2729:'s 1992 EP release 2658:The Fontane Sisters 2457:released the album 2455:Super Furry Animals 2323:The National Anthem 1568:Edison Disc Records 1382:Spoken word records 756:The Downward Spiral 582:National Geographic 91:improve the article 5687:"parallel grooves" 5429:. rarerecords.net. 5359:The Sound of Vinyl 5269:on 14 January 2009 4915:"Talking Football" 4847:Junkyard Clubhouse 4804:see for instance: 4786:. 10 February 2023 4251:. pp. 89–90. 4166:on one side and a 4032: 3989:etched on side B. 3919: 3847: 3778:Coheed and Cambria 3750: 3746:Gramophone Company 3695:Insane Clown Posse 3637: 3631:, in the shape of 3314: 3297: 3275: 3258:Unusual appearance 3219: 3127: 3049:binaural recording 2997:In 2014, American 2975:In 1998, American 2766:128 Greatest Jokes 2721:by Tony Rees) had 2557:Some pressings of 2203:British rock band 1944:"Trimicron" discs 1907:Multi-hole records 1896:Audio Book Company 1819:-inch center hole. 1763:Spindle hole size 1537:Gramophone Company 1348:overhead projector 1191:On 28 March 2012, 1147: 1008:radio broadcasting 603:Gramophone Company 558:Children's records 386: 312: 5523:thirdmanstore.com 5459:Third Man Records 5312:978-0-600-55798-2 5158:Sutton Publishing 5121:Sutton Publishing 4872:barrygoldberg.net 4557:Thoburn, Sheree. 4258:978-0-85785-731-6 4163:Millennium Falcon 4049:Third Man Records 4030:soundtrack album. 3888:Enjoy the Silence 3659:" on side 1 and " 3651:'s 1979 single " 3629:Warsaw in the Sun 3579:Elektra/Metronome 3454:plastic in 1978. 3375:The Invisible Man 3341:Grey Gull Records 3271:You Got The Power 3226:Kingdom of Bhutan 3147:cardboard records 3094:(1981–1982), and 2986:In 1999, English 2820:American football 2666:George Garabedian 2656:45 rpm single by 2632:Multisided record 2426:Otto von Schirach 2394:Portugal. The Man 2347:by the rock band 2344:Difficult To Cure 2168:The Boomtown Rats 2145:Atom Heart Mother 2012: 2011: 2004: 1904: 1903: 1755:freebie marketing 1621: 1620: 1441:format also used 1197:Third Man Records 1135: 1134: 1127: 1072: 1071: 751:March of the Pigs 736:Unusual materials 660:Unusual materials 624:– Prior to 1910, 375: 374: 367: 293:gramophone record 279: 278: 271: 261: 260: 214: 213: 206: 188: 112: 111: 59: 5738: 5695:"locked grooves" 5663: 5662: 5660: 5658: 5647: 5641: 5640: 5638: 5636: 5621: 5615: 5614: 5612: 5610: 5601:. 17 June 2016. 5591: 5585: 5584: 5582: 5580: 5566: 5560: 5559: 5557: 5555: 5540: 5534: 5533: 5531: 5529: 5515: 5509: 5508: 5506: 5504: 5490: 5484: 5483: 5476: 5470: 5469: 5467: 5465: 5451: 5445: 5444: 5443:. 28 April 2021. 5437: 5431: 5430: 5423: 5414: 5413: 5411: 5409: 5398: 5392: 5391: 5389: 5387: 5376: 5370: 5369: 5367: 5365: 5350: 5344: 5343: 5341: 5339: 5323: 5317: 5316: 5285: 5279: 5278: 5276: 5274: 5253: 5244: 5243: 5241: 5239: 5229: 5223: 5222: 5220: 5218: 5206: 5200: 5199: 5197: 5195: 5176: 5170: 5169: 5139: 5133: 5132: 5102: 5096: 5095: 5093: 5091: 5076: 5067: 5066: 5064: 5062: 5047: 5038: 5037: 5035: 5033: 5019: 5013: 5012: 5010: 5008: 5001:Retro Thing Geek 4992: 4986: 4985: 4983: 4981: 4965: 4959: 4958: 4956: 4954: 4938: 4932: 4931: 4929: 4927: 4911: 4905: 4904: 4889: 4883: 4882: 4880: 4878: 4864: 4858: 4857: 4855: 4853: 4839: 4833: 4826: 4820: 4814: 4808: 4802: 4796: 4795: 4793: 4791: 4780: 4774: 4773: 4760: 4754: 4753: 4740: 4734: 4733: 4720: 4714: 4704: 4698: 4697: 4679: 4664: 4663: 4661: 4659: 4628: 4622: 4621: 4619: 4617: 4605:Farrell, Shane. 4602: 4596: 4595: 4592:Atlantic Records 4580: 4574: 4573: 4571: 4569: 4554: 4548: 4547: 4537: 4531: 4530: 4522: 4516: 4515: 4508: 4502: 4496: 4490: 4489: 4487: 4485: 4465: 4459: 4446: 4437: 4436: 4429: 4423: 4422: 4398: 4392: 4380: 4374: 4362: 4356: 4355: 4353: 4351: 4339: 4330: 4329: 4328:. 30 March 2019. 4322: 4316: 4315: 4313: 4311: 4297: 4291: 4290: 4272: 4263: 4262: 4240: 4068:The Flaming Lips 4057:Sixteen Saltines 3985:of Glenn's band 3977:'s 1992 release 3924:Unfamiliar Faces 3915:Unfamiliar Faces 3876:Paradise Theatre 3839:'s laser-etched 3804:Boards of Canada 3796:Just like Heaven 3665:Record Store Day 3596:Air Conditioning 3593:'s first album, 3587:progressive rock 3467:' debut single " 3452:glow-in-the-dark 3426:was produced by 3333:Vocalion Records 3304:Man or Astro-man 3241: 3240: 3236: 3200: 3199: 3195: 3165: 3164: 3160: 3085:High-Com II 3045:Atlantic Records 2999:alternative rock 2956:Sweating Bullets 2888: 2887: 2883: 2880: 2851: 2850: 2846: 2843: 2715:Rush 'n Roulette 2626:Parallel grooves 2609:Wonderwall Music 2544:The debut album 2418:Kissing the Pink 2309: 2308: 2307: 2306: 2294: 2293: 2292: 2291: 2279: 2278: 2277: 2276: 2207:released their " 2103:1970 debut album 2092:The Who Sell Out 2007: 2000: 1996: 1993: 1987: 1956: 1948: 1860: 1859: 1855: 1852: 1838: 1837: 1833: 1830: 1818: 1817: 1813: 1803: 1802: 1798: 1786:Standard Records 1779: 1778: 1774: 1760: 1741: 1740: 1736: 1733: 1727: 1726: 1722: 1700:Record Store Day 1681:Microgrooved 78s 1676: 1675: 1671: 1668: 1632:, controlled by 1581: 1580: 1576: 1476: 1475: 1471: 1468: 1454: 1453: 1449: 1446: 1433: 1432: 1428: 1425: 1415: 1414: 1410: 1407: 1397: 1396: 1392: 1389: 1375: 1374: 1370: 1367: 1345: 1344: 1340: 1337: 1330: 1329: 1325: 1322: 1305: 1304: 1300: 1297: 1285: 1284: 1280: 1277: 1271: 1270: 1266: 1263: 1237: 1236: 1232: 1229: 1216: 1215: 1211: 1208: 1175: 1162: 1161: 1157: 1154: 1130: 1123: 1119: 1116: 1110: 1087: 1079: 1019: 1018: 1014: 999: 998: 994: 985: 984: 980: 743:industrial music 525: 524: 520: 481:. Techno artist 464:Record Store Day 407: 370: 363: 359: 356: 350: 327: 319: 301:cylinder records 290: 289: 285: 274: 267: 256: 253: 247: 224: 216: 209: 202: 198: 195: 189: 187: 146: 122: 114: 107: 104: 98: 70: 69: 62: 51: 29: 28: 21: 5746: 5745: 5741: 5740: 5739: 5737: 5736: 5735: 5711: 5710: 5672: 5667: 5666: 5656: 5654: 5649: 5648: 5644: 5634: 5632: 5623: 5622: 5618: 5608: 5606: 5593: 5592: 5588: 5578: 5576: 5568: 5567: 5563: 5553: 5551: 5542: 5541: 5537: 5527: 5525: 5517: 5516: 5512: 5502: 5500: 5498:www.discogs.com 5492: 5491: 5487: 5478: 5477: 5473: 5463: 5461: 5453: 5452: 5448: 5439: 5438: 5434: 5425: 5424: 5417: 5407: 5405: 5400: 5399: 5395: 5385: 5383: 5378: 5377: 5373: 5363: 5361: 5352: 5351: 5347: 5337: 5335: 5334:(Press release) 5325: 5324: 5320: 5313: 5305:. p. 114. 5293:McCartney, Paul 5287: 5286: 5282: 5272: 5270: 5255: 5254: 5247: 5237: 5235: 5231: 5230: 5226: 5216: 5214: 5208: 5207: 5203: 5193: 5191: 5178: 5177: 5173: 5141: 5140: 5136: 5104: 5103: 5099: 5089: 5087: 5085:Stylus Magazine 5078: 5077: 5070: 5060: 5058: 5050:Cumella, Mike. 5049: 5048: 5041: 5031: 5029: 5021: 5020: 5016: 5006: 5004: 4994: 4993: 4989: 4979: 4977: 4967: 4966: 4962: 4952: 4950: 4940: 4939: 4935: 4925: 4923: 4913: 4912: 4908: 4903:on 6 July 2007. 4891: 4890: 4886: 4876: 4874: 4866: 4865: 4861: 4851: 4849: 4841: 4840: 4836: 4827: 4823: 4815: 4811: 4803: 4799: 4789: 4787: 4782: 4781: 4777: 4762: 4761: 4757: 4742: 4741: 4737: 4722: 4721: 4717: 4705: 4701: 4694: 4681: 4680: 4667: 4657: 4655: 4630: 4629: 4625: 4615: 4613: 4604: 4603: 4599: 4582: 4581: 4577: 4567: 4565: 4556: 4555: 4551: 4539: 4538: 4534: 4524: 4523: 4519: 4510: 4509: 4505: 4497: 4493: 4483: 4481: 4467: 4466: 4462: 4447: 4440: 4431: 4430: 4426: 4419: 4400: 4399: 4395: 4381: 4377: 4363: 4359: 4349: 4347: 4341: 4340: 4333: 4324: 4323: 4319: 4309: 4307: 4299: 4298: 4294: 4287: 4274: 4273: 4266: 4259: 4242: 4241: 4234: 4229: 4186: 4142: 4130:"locked groove" 4109: 4101:Friday the 13th 4097:Waxwork Records 4018: 3943:Nine Inch Nails 3921:The 2008 album 3742:Recording Angel 3735: 3625:Tangerine Dream 3618: 3557: 3551: 3428:A&M Records 3365:released their 3337:Perfect Records 3319: 3317:Colored records 3260: 3238: 3234: 3233: 3197: 3193: 3192: 3162: 3158: 3157: 3115: 3104: 3069: 3058: 3033: 2915:Mercury Records 2885: 2881: 2878: 2876: 2848: 2844: 2841: 2839: 2832: 2809:Me Myself and I 2793:'s debut album 2773:Pink Slip Daddy 2670:Mark 56 Records 2634: 2628: 2604:George Harrison 2595: 2448:We Used to Wait 2399:Censored Colors 2362:'s debut album 2341:The 1981 album 2305: 2300: 2299: 2298: 2297: 2296: 2290: 2285: 2284: 2283: 2282: 2281: 2275: 2270: 2269: 2268: 2267: 2266: 2209:Packet of Three 2066: 2029: 2008: 1997: 1991: 1988: 1973: 1957: 1946: 1941: 1939:Unusual grooves 1909: 1857: 1853: 1850: 1848: 1835: 1831: 1828: 1826: 1815: 1811: 1810: 1800: 1796: 1795: 1776: 1772: 1771: 1738: 1734: 1731: 1729: 1724: 1720: 1719: 1716: 1683: 1673: 1669: 1666: 1664: 1626: 1578: 1574: 1573: 1473: 1469: 1466: 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5201: 5171: 5134: 5097: 5068: 5039: 5027:www.audioh.com 5014: 4987: 4974:Boardgame Geek 4960: 4947:Boardgame Geek 4933: 4920:Boardgame Geek 4906: 4884: 4859: 4834: 4832:, 9 March 1901 4821: 4809: 4797: 4775: 4755: 4735: 4715: 4699: 4692: 4665: 4623: 4597: 4575: 4549: 4543:Wireless World 4532: 4517: 4503: 4491: 4460: 4438: 4424: 4417: 4411:. p. 44. 4393: 4375: 4357: 4331: 4317: 4292: 4285: 4264: 4257: 4231: 4230: 4228: 4225: 4224: 4223: 4218: 4213: 4208: 4203: 4198: 4193: 4185: 4182: 4148:'s 2014 album 4141: 4140:Hologram discs 4138: 4108: 4107:Other concepts 4105: 4066:Also in 2012, 4037:The Black Hole 4027:The Black Hole 4024:Prototype for 4017: 4014: 3964:representation 3812:nuclear family 3734: 3731: 3727:Jet City Woman 3670:Screamo bands 3617: 3614: 3553:Main article: 3550: 3547: 3519:Christmas Time 3469:This Is a Call 3460:Moving Targets 3436:'s 1979 album 3387:Magnet Records 3318: 3315: 3259: 3256: 3230:postage stamps 3143:Durium Records 3114: 3111: 3103: 3100: 3068: 3065: 3057: 3054: 3032: 3029: 3028: 3027: 3024:Ninth Symphony 3010: 2995: 2984: 2973: 2970:Janek Schaefer 2966: 2959: 2948: 2933:Memory Records 2929: 2922: 2831: 2828: 2807:'s 1989 song " 2803:for rap group 2801:12-inch single 2630:Main article: 2627: 2624: 2594: 2591: 2531:Dickie Goodman 2510:'s 2002 album 2396:'s 2008 album 2301: 2286: 2271: 2190:'s 1986 album 2065: 2062: 2028: 2027:Multiple bands 2025: 2010: 2009: 1960: 1958: 1951: 1945: 1942: 1940: 1937: 1908: 1905: 1902: 1901: 1900: 1899: 1892: 1884: 1880: 1879: 1878: 1877: 1869: 1865: 1864: 1863: 1862: 1840: 1823: 1822: 1821: 1820: 1805: 1792: 1791: 1790: 1789: 1781: 1768: 1767: 1764: 1715: 1712: 1708:Dixieland jazz 1704:The Beach Boys 1682: 1679: 1653:Gray Audograph 1625: 1622: 1619: 1618: 1617: 1616: 1608: 1604: 1603: 1602: 1601: 1591: 1562: 1558: 1557: 1556: 1555: 1547: 1543: 1542: 1541: 1540: 1524: 1520: 1519: 1518: 1517: 1509: 1505: 1504: 1503: 1502: 1499: 1491: 1487: 1486: 1485: 1484: 1481: 1478: 1457: 1435: 1418:Cassette tapes 1377: 1360: 1359: 1358: 1357: 1307: 1290: 1289: 1288: 1287: 1239: 1222: 1221: 1220: 1219: 1187: 1183: 1182: 1179: 1133: 1132: 1091: 1089: 1082: 1076: 1075:Unusual speeds 1073: 1070: 1069: 1068: 1067: 1047: 1043: 1042: 1041: 1040: 1030: 1001: 971: 953: 948: 944: 943: 942: 941: 933: 929: 928: 927: 926: 906: 902: 901: 900: 899: 886: 882: 881: 880: 879: 859: 855: 854: 853: 852: 848: 835: 831: 830: 829: 828: 825: 805: 801: 800: 799: 798: 778: 774: 773: 772: 771: 764: 739: 726: 714: 710: 709: 708: 707: 687: 683: 682: 681: 680: 674: 663: 650: 644: 629: 617: 613: 612: 611: 610: 605:in Europe and 597: 593: 592: 591: 590: 567: 552: 548: 547: 546: 545: 542: 531: 510: 507:Emile Berliner 501: 497: 496: 495: 494: 479:120 mm records 474: 470: 469: 468: 467: 446: 442: 441: 440: 439: 425: 419: 415: 414: 411: 373: 372: 331: 329: 322: 316: 313: 277: 276: 259: 258: 238:the key points 228: 226: 219: 212: 211: 126: 124: 117: 110: 109: 74: 72: 65: 60: 34: 33: 31: 24: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5743: 5732: 5729: 5727: 5724: 5722: 5721:Audio storage 5719: 5718: 5716: 5707: 5704: 5701: 5698: 5696: 5692: 5691:"vinyl video" 5688: 5684: 5681: 5677: 5674: 5673: 5669: 5652: 5646: 5643: 5630: 5626: 5620: 5617: 5604: 5600: 5596: 5590: 5587: 5575: 5571: 5565: 5562: 5550: 5546: 5539: 5536: 5524: 5520: 5514: 5511: 5499: 5495: 5489: 5486: 5482:. 2 May 2012. 5481: 5475: 5472: 5460: 5456: 5450: 5447: 5442: 5436: 5433: 5428: 5422: 5420: 5416: 5403: 5397: 5394: 5381: 5375: 5372: 5360: 5356: 5349: 5346: 5333: 5329: 5322: 5319: 5314: 5308: 5304: 5300: 5299: 5294: 5290: 5284: 5281: 5268: 5264: 5263: 5258: 5252: 5250: 5246: 5234: 5228: 5225: 5212: 5205: 5202: 5189: 5185: 5181: 5175: 5172: 5167: 5163: 5159: 5155: 5151: 5150: 5149:Your Computer 5145: 5138: 5135: 5130: 5126: 5122: 5118: 5114: 5113: 5112:Your Computer 5108: 5101: 5098: 5086: 5082: 5075: 5073: 5069: 5057: 5053: 5046: 5044: 5040: 5028: 5024: 5018: 5015: 5003: 5002: 4997: 4991: 4988: 4976: 4975: 4970: 4964: 4961: 4949: 4948: 4943: 4937: 4934: 4922: 4921: 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3654: 3650: 3646: 3641: 3634: 3630: 3626: 3622: 3615: 3613: 3612: 3609: 3605: 3600: 3598: 3597: 3592: 3588: 3584: 3580: 3575: 3572: 3571:Vogue Records 3568: 3566: 3560: 3556: 3549:Picture discs 3548: 3546: 3543: 3541: 3539: 3534: 3530: 3528: 3524: 3520: 3516: 3511: 3509: 3505: 3501: 3500: 3495: 3490: 3488: 3487: 3482: 3478: 3474: 3470: 3466: 3461: 3457: 3453: 3449: 3445: 3441: 3439: 3435: 3431: 3429: 3425: 3421: 3416: 3413: 3412:hardcore punk 3408: 3406: 3402: 3401: 3396: 3395:Talking Heads 3392: 3388: 3384: 3380: 3376: 3372: 3368: 3364: 3360: 3356: 3354: 3350: 3344: 3342: 3338: 3334: 3329: 3324: 3316: 3311: 3310: 3305: 3301: 3295:yellow vinyl. 3294: 3290: 3289: 3284: 3279: 3272: 3268: 3264: 3257: 3255: 3253: 3249: 3244: 3231: 3227: 3224:In 1973, the 3222: 3215: 3211: 3209: 3204: 3190: 3184: 3182: 3178: 3174: 3173:marching band 3169: 3154: 3150: 3148: 3144: 3140: 3135: 3133: 3124: 3123:Interface Age 3119: 3112: 3110: 3108: 3107:Highway Hi-Fi 3101: 3099: 3098:(1983–1989). 3097: 3093: 3090: 3087:(1979–1982), 3086: 3083: 3079: 3076:(1973–1982), 3075: 3074:dbx disc 3066: 3064: 3062: 3055: 3053: 3050: 3046: 3042: 3038: 3030: 3025: 3022: 3018: 3015: 3011: 3008: 3004: 3000: 2996: 2993: 2989: 2985: 2982: 2978: 2977:hardcore punk 2974: 2971: 2967: 2964: 2963:Basic Channel 2960: 2957: 2953: 2949: 2946: 2942: 2938: 2934: 2930: 2927: 2923: 2920: 2916: 2912: 2911: 2910: 2908: 2907:surface noise 2902: 2900: 2896: 2895:Thomas Edison 2891: 2873: 2871: 2867: 2866:wax cylinders 2861: 2859: 2853: 2837: 2829: 2827: 2823: 2821: 2817: 2812: 2810: 2806: 2802: 2798: 2797: 2792: 2787: 2783: 2779: 2774: 2769: 2767: 2763: 2762:Rhino Records 2759: 2755: 2753: 2748: 2744: 2740: 2739: 2734: 2733: 2728: 2724: 2720: 2716: 2712: 2708: 2707: 2702: 2697: 2695: 2691: 2687: 2683: 2682:Tijuana Brass 2679: 2678:The Marathons 2675: 2671: 2667: 2663: 2659: 2655: 2650: 2648: 2647:Puzzle Record 2644: 2640: 2639:Puzzle Plates 2633: 2625: 2623: 2621: 2620: 2615: 2614:Dead Kennedys 2611: 2610: 2605: 2601: 2592: 2590: 2588: 2584: 2579: 2576: 2571: 2569: 2568:Billy Gibbons 2565: 2564: 2561: 2555: 2553: 2549: 2548: 2542: 2540: 2536: 2535:Bill Buchanan 2532: 2528: 2524: 2520: 2515: 2513: 2509: 2505: 2501: 2497: 2493: 2488: 2486: 2482: 2477: 2475: 2474: 2468: 2466: 2462: 2461: 2456: 2451: 2449: 2445: 2444: 2439: 2434: 2431: 2427: 2423: 2419: 2416:." The first 2415: 2411: 2410: 2405: 2401: 2400: 2395: 2391: 2387: 2386: 2381: 2380: 2375: 2371: 2367: 2366: 2361: 2356: 2354: 2350: 2346: 2345: 2339: 2337: 2333: 2332: 2326: 2324: 2320: 2316: 2311: 2304: 2289: 2274: 2264: 2260: 2256: 2255:Ralph Records 2251: 2248: 2244: 2243: 2238: 2235: 2230: 2228: 2227:Planet Patrol 2224: 2219: 2217: 2212: 2210: 2206: 2201: 2199: 2195: 2194: 2189: 2185: 2184: 2179: 2178:Dead Kennedys 2175: 2174: 2169: 2165: 2164: 2159: 2158:Peter Gabriel 2155: 2151: 2147: 2146: 2141: 2137: 2136: 2131: 2127: 2123: 2122: 2121:Super Trouper 2117: 2112: 2108: 2104: 2100: 2096: 2094: 2093: 2088: 2084: 2083: 2078: 2073: 2071: 2063: 2061: 2059: 2053: 2051: 2048: 2043: 2041: 2040: 2039:Wow/Grape Jam 2035: 2026: 2024: 2020: 2018: 2006: 2003: 1995: 1985: 1981: 1977: 1971: 1970: 1966: 1961:This section 1959: 1955: 1950: 1949: 1943: 1938: 1936: 1934: 1933: 1928: 1924: 1922: 1921:acetate discs 1917: 1915: 1906: 1897: 1893: 1890: 1887: 1886: 1885: 1882: 1881: 1875: 1872: 1871: 1870: 1867: 1866: 1846: 1843: 1842: 1841: 1825: 1824: 1808: 1807: 1806: 1794: 1793: 1787: 1784: 1783: 1782: 1770: 1769: 1765: 1762: 1761: 1758: 1756: 1751: 1747: 1745: 1714:Unusual holes 1713: 1711: 1709: 1705: 1701: 1696: 1692: 1687: 1680: 1678: 1660: 1658: 1654: 1649: 1647: 1643: 1642:Compact discs 1639: 1635: 1631: 1623: 1614: 1611: 1610: 1609: 1606: 1605: 1599: 1595: 1592: 1589: 1585: 1571: 1569: 1565: 1564: 1563: 1560: 1559: 1553: 1550: 1549: 1548: 1545: 1544: 1538: 1534: 1530: 1527: 1526: 1525: 1522: 1521: 1515: 1512: 1511: 1510: 1507: 1506: 1500: 1497: 1494: 1493: 1492: 1489: 1488: 1482: 1479: 1462: 1458: 1440: 1439:Highway Hi-Fi 1436: 1419: 1401: 1383: 1380: 1379: 1378: 1362: 1361: 1355: 1354: 1349: 1316: 1315:for the blind 1314: 1310: 1309: 1308: 1292: 1291: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1247:for the blind 1246: 1242: 1241: 1240: 1224: 1223: 1202: 1198: 1194: 1190: 1189: 1188: 1185: 1184: 1180: 1177: 1176: 1173: 1171: 1167: 1144: 1139: 1129: 1126: 1118: 1108: 1104: 1098: 1097: 1092:This section 1090: 1086: 1081: 1080: 1074: 1065: 1061: 1057: 1053: 1050: 1049: 1048: 1045: 1044: 1038: 1034: 1031: 1027: 1023: 1009: 1005: 1002: 989: 975: 972: 969: 968: 963: 959: 958: 954: 951: 950: 949: 946: 945: 939: 936: 935: 934: 931: 930: 924: 920: 916: 912: 909: 908: 907: 904: 903: 897: 893: 889: 888: 887: 884: 883: 877: 873: 869: 865: 862: 861: 860: 857: 856: 849: 846: 842: 838: 837: 836: 833: 832: 826: 823: 819: 815: 811: 808: 807: 806: 803: 802: 796: 792: 788: 784: 781: 780: 779: 776: 775: 769: 765: 762: 758: 757: 752: 748: 744: 740: 737: 733: 732: 727: 724: 720: 717: 716: 715: 712: 711: 705: 701: 697: 693: 690: 689: 688: 685: 684: 679:by Caboladies 678: 675: 673: 669: 668: 664: 661: 657: 656: 651: 648: 645: 642: 638: 634: 630: 627: 623: 620: 619: 618: 615: 614: 608: 604: 600: 599: 598: 595: 594: 588: 584: 583: 578: 574: 573: 568: 564: 560: 559: 555: 554: 553: 550: 549: 543: 540: 536: 532: 529: 515: 511: 508: 504: 503: 502: 499: 498: 492: 488: 484: 480: 477: 476: 475: 472: 471: 465: 461: 460:White Stripes 458:who released 457: 453: 449: 448: 447: 444: 443: 437: 433: 430: 426: 422: 421: 420: 417: 416: 412: 409: 408: 405: 403: 398: 396: 392: 391:picture discs 383: 379: 369: 366: 358: 348: 344: 338: 337: 332:This section 330: 326: 321: 320: 315:Unusual sizes 314: 308: 304: 302: 298: 294: 273: 270: 255: 245: 239: 237: 232: 227: 223: 218: 217: 208: 205: 197: 186: 183: 179: 176: 172: 169: 165: 162: 158: 155: – 154: 150: 149:Find sources: 143: 139: 133: 132: 127:This article 125: 121: 116: 115: 106: 96: 92: 86: 84: 80: 75:This article 73: 64: 63: 58: 56: 49: 48: 43: 42: 37: 32: 23: 22: 19: 5655:. 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