556:-breathing sapient species). Neo-Dolphins are at a relatively early stage of uplift, and this has several consequences which are important in the plots of the stories: the optimal genetic mix for Neo-Dolphins has not yet been determined, and some of the newer genetic mixes become dangerous to colleagues when under stress; there are significant differences between older and younger Neo-Dolphins, in particular older individuals find it more difficult to speak; and they have to struggle against tendencies to slip into atavistic behaviours such as the "Whale Dream" and rescue fever (which leads them to beach themselves). Dolphins and humans interact with a version of English called Anglic.
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except for a few, all devolve to basic animal behaviour. This brings great shame to them, in particular to the Neo
Chimpanzees. Because the clients have gained their sentience via uplifting and the process is incomplete, it is imperfect, and they can at times revert to their devolved state. The theme of devolution is also investigated through the six races on Jijo, who profess to actually aspire to it, as part of a self discovery mystical experience. In contrast to the Aliens and the uplifted animals, the humans do not devolve nor wish to.
371:) when it encountered the galactic civilization gave humanity patron status, which is one of the few lucky turns it has had in its difficult position as pariah in the galactic civilization. This saved humanity from the likely fate of becoming client to another race through forced adoption or being punitively exterminated for the environmental damage done to the Earth and its native species. Philosophically, it has been noted Brin sees lower life forms with potential for uplift like children, that will grow into adults.
25:
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375:– it is centuries, even millennia, behind the great galactic powers and has several enemies capable of exterminating it entirely. While there is cooperation between humans and different alien races, there is also cooperation between humans and their "client" (uplifted animal) races, to the point in that they cooperatively crew spaceships.
525:. They are embarrassed by situations which remind them of their earlier status as "smart animals", especially about nudity, tree-climbing and above all losing their ability to speak when under stress. Both dolphins and chimpanzees lose some of their sentient abilities in certain situations, a theme of devolution in Brin's work.
750:), who continues to use human speech, even when faced with the stress of death, which he succumbs to. The level of sophistication of languages is something that was noted in by Ina Roay-Faderman, who notes that only some sophisticated languages could be used to describe highly technical issues to deal with space travel.
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is also a theme, with the gaining of language being a marker of sentience, and the loss of it in certain situations by the chimps as a shameful thing. All the uplifted creatures gain the gift of language, when they are uplifted by humans. Mental and physical abilities are both tested, tests by aliens
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The connected theme to the fact that humans are the only intelligent species on the planet, is that, as such, we have a responsibility to other species, and it is an obligation that we must help other species, including uplifting them to sentience. Brin and his work proposes that it is almost selfish
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Other writers have commented on this aspect of Brin, differentiating him from other writers because of this, in comparison to how it is portrayed to most other fiction. Most other writers treat the uplifted animals badly in their various scenarios. The uplifted animals are used as tools or slaves, or
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Unlike most other races, humans and their clients regard creativity as very desirable – the others take the view that everything useful has already been discovered, so it would be more efficient to search the
Galactic Library for whatever they need. EarthClan are also considered odd for using archaic
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is therefore an anomaly – a species with no apparent patron race. Whether humanity truly evolved independently, or whether it was criminally abandoned by an unknown patron early in its uplift, is a topic of fierce debate. Most of humanity believes itself to be a "wolfling" species that emerged
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as they continue to evade the various galactic powers. Along the way they encounter a hidden planet which has been inhabited by six races which have illegally settled and dropped out of the civilization of the Five
Galaxies. They eventually make contact with the other orders of life. The second and
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In the books, humanity is an insignificant race, having no known
Patrons (a species responsible for uplifting them) and having mostly primitive technology. Humans have two (confirmed) clients and are referred to formally as "a-Human ul-Chimpanzee ul-Dolphin". By becoming patrons before contact with
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Some commentary has highlighted the parallels between the uplifted races and their patrons, and colonialism. Brin himself is quite critical of the concept, and highlights where some patrons uplift lesser beings, and then exploit them instead of helping them. Humans however on the whole treat their
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is also a theme in his work. This is one of the methods in the books for indicating the difference and superiority of humans over others. Both the Neo
Chimpanzees and the Neo Dolphins at time revert to their basic animal nature, in particular when under stress, at one point the whole dolphin crew,
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were the second clients of humans, and are some of the best pilots in the Five
Galaxies because their aquatic origins give them excellent instincts for 3-D maneuvers. They are also important in planetary warfare because most Galactics are unaware of the strategic potential of the sea. Neo-Dolphins
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were the first clients of humans and are the most "complete" in that they are closest to full sapiency. Initially, chimpanzees are removed from their families and raised in human environments, where they are uplifted, and given language abilities. They are Stage 2 clients but almost became Stage 3
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The
Institute of Migration determines what planets can be colonized and under what environmental restrictions, primarily to ensure that suitable races can still evolve for later uplift. The institute also ensures the separation of the hydrogen-breathing and oxygen-breathing orders of sapient life.
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designs available in the
Library, humanity tends to develop its own (generally vastly inferior) vessels. Humans feel that this is a way to exercise their own independence and creativity, and it occasionally allows them to find solutions to problems which have in fact surprised more powerful races.
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that specify how species deal with each other and the uplift process. One of the most significant of these is the
Library Institute, the repository of all knowledge. Humanity prides itself on using the Library as little as possible. For instance, instead of drawing upon the highly refined starship
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Humans in the Uplift universe have generally not undergone serious genetic manipulation, though there has been a concerted effort to mix all human ethnicities and breed superior humans. Advanced augmentative technologies exist, but are not widely used by humans. Humans themselves are "patrons" to
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Humanity and its clients are collectively known as EarthClan, with a government known as the
Terragens Council. Hierarchy exists within the different sentient species on earth, though they are all cooperative Humanity in the Uplift universe is not a dominant nor a technologically advanced species
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and occurs only decades after humanity's first contact with the Five Galaxies. In this story mankind discovers the sun's inhabitants and a plot to overthrow a patron race. This is the only novel to directly involve Earth. The protagonist, Jacob Demwa, is referenced in later novels as a mentor in
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are described as religious fanatics, and are angry at the possibility that lowly EarthClan may have discovered the fate of the Progenitors, possibly in direct contradiction to the core beliefs of several galactic religions. Earthclan mostly does not follow these religions, instead half-jokingly
471:
Galactics have several specialized languages, including mathematical, tonal, sonar-based and "bridging" languages. Some languages are more sophisticated than others: in one novel, an alien called Alvin, who is a “Hoon” (alien species), notes that only some languages are good enough to describe
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until their other clients were further along the path of Uplift. However, some humans secretly continued the project on the small colony-world of Garth. Neo-Gorillas have some understanding that they are being uplifted, and chose the Thennanin as their "patrons" at a ceremony on Garth. This is
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and especially on deferential behavior by members of "subordinate" races towards members of "superior" races. Hence they often regard EarthClan's informal speech as insulting and the humans' egalitarian treatment of their Neo-Chimp and Neo-Dolphin clients as foolish, if not outright offensive.
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that non human species are up against in terms of evolution, and how it is almost the luck of the draw that humans were the chosen phylum to achieve sentience. These themes are apparent in his work. However, it has been noted, despite the uplifting of some species, and Brin's work seeking an
387:
Other intergalactic institutes regulate the uplift of sapient species, navigation, warfare, etc. Bureaucrats are recruited from all races but are expected to put the interests of their bureau before that of their race and maintain strict neutrality; however, this does not always happen.
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are major themes in the Uplift books. In this Universe, the protection of ecology is given a lot of importance by the various alien races, and those races found to be ecologically destructive are seen as criminals by the various other races in the books, and punished for their crimes.
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on the uplifted animals test both, and while physical abilities between non uplifted chimps and uplifted ones will be the same, mental abilities obviously will be enhanced. In terms of language for instance, humans are proud of the chimp character Jeffrey (the main chimp character in
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is a major theme of the novels and has been referred and discussed in numerous science articles, including both psychology and zoological journals. The novel content has been referred to as excellent cases of theoretical uplift scenarios by George Dvorsky, writing in the
851:
The short story "Aficionado" or "Life in the Extreme" is set earliest of all the currently written work and gives an account of the early days of the human uplift program before Contact. The contents of this story have since been reused as part of the unrelated novel
659:, as villains. Brin's take on the concept is more positive, with the "human patrons and their chimp and dolphin clients work together in a joyous partnership", and that it is almost the human's duty to uplift lesser creatures to an equal footing with their patrons.
363:, without genetic manipulation by a patron species. This belief is considered heresy and ridiculous by most of the galactic civilization and has made most of the galactic powers enemies of EarthClan. The fact that humanity had already uplifted two species (
649:-like negative concept, with the animals becoming monsters, portraying the dark side of uplift and the dangers of scientists playing god. In Brin's works, the same concept is used positively to bring humans closer to animals, which he sees as an endgame.
419:
technology in addition to the more advanced Galactic technology, or sometimes preferring primitive technologies that they understand to more advanced ones that they don't yet understand. Most notably, EarthClan utilizes
468:, the "dream language", which is a song-like language they can use to communicate with each other and with whales. Uplifted animals can lose their power to speak when stressed, as a temporary de-evolution
326:
In the Uplift universe an intergalactic civilization called the Five Galaxies, comprising a multitude of sapient races, has existed for billions of years. This civilization is perpetuated by the act of
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Thennanin are a major military power and the Neo-Gorillas' choice converts the Thennanin from enemies to allies of EarthClan. After adoption by the Thennanin, the Neo-Gorillas are termed "Garthlings."
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highly technical processes, and notes how some people switch to "Galseven" or "Galtwo", which he doesn't understand. Chimps' vocal chords have been modified so that they can articulate human speech.
841:, the series sums up with conclusions on the nature of life in the universe and revelations on the motivations of the oldest species in the Five Galaxies. Further explanations are provided on the
696:, a goddess of luck and chance, although there is also a subset of Earthclan known as the Daniks who are in a cult that believes galactic con-artists, the Rothen, are humanity's lost patrons.
264:
There is also a short story, "Aficionado" (originally titled "Life in the Extreme"), published in 1998, which serves as a prequel to the series as a whole (it also serves as a part of
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was published, the first book in a new Uplift trilogy. The "Uplift Storm" trilogy (excluding the first book, which solely focuses on Jijo) follows the survivors of the spaceship
148:
347:. Patron status can be lost due to extermination, or gross crimes against the galactic civilization. Brin helped popularise the term 'Uplift' within the context of
394:-breathing species. This civilization is aware of, but by tradition rarely if ever interacts with, the other orders of sapient life, which include those which are
1321:
Twine, Richard; Stephens, Neil (2013). "Introduction to Special Issue on Animal Biotechnology: Do Animal Biotechnologies Have a Latent Liberatory Imaginary?".
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It is generally accepted in this universe that the process of uplift was initiated over two billion years ago by a species known only as the Progenitors.
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s continuing mission, Earth's fate after invasion, and the nature of galactic life in the overlapping conspiracies of galactic civilization.
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Brin himself has noted that other authors, such as Wells, have covered the idea of uplifting animals, but in these examples the uplift was a
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egalitarian proposed society for lower life forms and humans, that humans are still however positioned in the novels as the central heroes.
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to its patron species for 100,000 years. A patron species gains considerable status, and patrons and clients often unite into powerful
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Dvorsky, George (May 2008). "All Together Now: Developmental and ethical considerations for biologically uplifting nonhuman animals".
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escaped from Jijo, as well as offering some hints as to the fate of the mysterious Buyur, the last race to legally settle there.
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s crew, who persuade them to be uplifted as clients of the humans. If this goes ahead, the Kiqui would become humanity's first
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635:, It was Brin that coined the term, which has since been used by academics writing in the field generally for the concept
410:. There is also a special designation for hypothetical orders of life which could also exist but have not been discovered.
295:"will be a core element of the next Uplift novel... and answers several unresolved riddles left over from Heaven's Reach."
1969:
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784:, having been promoted to admiral. This suggests human lifespans have been significantly extended by galactic technology.
1171:
Anthes, Emily (31 March 2013). "Make animals smarter?: How brain science is forcing a difficult question; Before AFter".
1989:
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814:, results in a successful invasion of the EarthClan colony on the planet Garth, heavily populated by uplifted chimps.
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1994:
1571:"From the Island of Dr Moreau to Lives of the Monster dogs: Uplifted Animals, Wish Fulfillment's, and Original Sin"
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Galactic society, humanity unknowingly protected itself from being forced into becoming a client of an older race.
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is pursued as rumors spread throughout the Five Galaxies that the ship has found the remains of the Progenitors.
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1600:
Clements, Jennifer (1 October 2015). "How Science Fiction Helps Us Reimagine Our Moral Relations with Animals".
617:
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460:, a widely used galactic language. Dolphins are portrayed as adept with languages, and have two of their own:
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to any problem due to their ability to apply as much computing power as may be needed to model all phenomena.
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and the behavior of static societies are also themes. Most of the races that antagonize EarthClan and pursue
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708:. Brin's themes of animals uplifted to humans has been noted as rallying against speciesist viewpoints in
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712:. His work implies that humans are not that different from animals. Brin himself has spoken about the
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Copeland, Marion W. (2012). "The History of Ape Language Experimentation in Fiction: A Review Essay".
795:(crewed by uplifted dolphins and their human patrons) which has discovered a colossal derelict fleet.
456:, a uniform language that replaced all previous human languages, and all EarthClan schools also teach
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uplifted clients better than many others are treated by their patrons, generally, within the galaxy.
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Below is a summarized timeline for events detailed in the Uplift Universe, which corresponds to the
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based on the Uplift Universe. It includes a few stories that happen in Jijo after the end of
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Vint, Sherryl (2008). "'The Animals in That Country': Science Fiction and Animal Studies".
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which has since been used by academics writing in the field generally for the concept.
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EarthClan is the name of humanity and their clients (an animal or plant species being
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of humans not to consider uplifting other creatures to the human level of sentience.
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but in another part of the galaxy. An intergalactic war, sparked by the events of
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At least one more Uplift book is planned by Brin, as he has stated in 2012 that
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484:) in David Brin's Uplift Universe. They are named for their combined homeworld
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791:(1983), occurs centuries later. It follows the Earthclan amphibious spaceship
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1749:"Science or Science Fiction? Uplifting Animals – Yale Scientific Magazine"
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The civilization of the Five Galaxies has several "Institutes", which are
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1442:"Animals and Animality from the Island of Moreau to the Uplift Universe"
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Contacting Aliens: An Illustrated Guide to David Brin's Uplift Universe
1199:'There is a Riddle Here': Uplift Fiction and the Question of the Animal
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Contacting Aliens: An Illustrated Guide to David Brin's Uplift Universe
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1682:"Dolphins and Chimps and Aliens, Oh My! Startide Rising by David Brin"
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339:"client" species until it is sapient. The client species is typically
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Gentleman, Darcy J (1 August 2010). "Are We Living in a Novel Age?".
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Yeoman, Ian; McMahon-Beattie, Una; Sigala, Dr Marianna (2021-12-31).
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The civilization of the Five Galaxies is made up solely of
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and sometimes exploitative, and place strong emphasis on
1106:"The Alienation of Humans and Animals in Uplift Fiction"
858:, making its position in the uplift universe uncertain.
1663:"Why David Brin Hates Yoda, Loves Radical Transparency"
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195:. A central feature in this universe is the process of
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1774:, Second edition, p.9 and Contacting Aliens, pp. 7–14
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Gillian Baskin and Tom Orley, and the captain of the
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1267:Booker, M. Keith; Thomas, Anne-Marie (2009-03-30).
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
704:One of the main themes of his work is the idea of
592:species first discovered on the planet Kithrup by
288:, a guidebook about the background of the series.
1225:Hauskeller, Michael (2016). "Fixing the Animal".
552:s discoveries later caused controversy among the
202:His books which take place in this universe are:
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537:are Stage-2 Clients, and recently got their own
452:In the uplift world, the uplifted clients speak
1644:Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies
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1661:Galaxy, Geek's Guide to the (8 August 2012).
865:is set back on Jijo just after the ending of
268:, an unrelated work by Brin), and a novella,
8:
521:. Neo-Chimpanzees like music, specifically
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1819:
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826:third books in the new Uplift trilogy are
16:Science fiction novel series by David Brin
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167:Learn how and when to remove this message
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
1147:Science Fiction, Disruption and Tourism
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806:(1987), occurs around the same time as
234:(sometimes called the Uplift Trilogy):
1707:Environmental Science & Technology
1801:Internet Speculative Fiction Database
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767:The first book in the Uplift series,
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47:adding citations to reliable sources
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1404:Brin, David; Lenagh, Kevin (2002).
906:Contact with Galactic civilization
623:Journal of Evolution and technology
569:politically very important, as the
1806:Alliance for Progress Encyclopedia
1637:"Introduction to the HETHR papers"
14:
1569:Wendy, Bousfield (May 30, 1999).
435:Most Galactic "clans" are rather
1408:. Bantam Books. pp. 23–24.
1104:Roy-Faderman, Ina (2015-07-01).
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564:Humans had agreed not to uplift
501:other species that they uplift.
331:", in which a "patron" species
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1446:The Yearbook of English Studies
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34:needs additional citations for
1960:Book series introduced in 1980
1622:10.5406/janimalethics.5.2.0181
1614:10.5406/janimalethics.5.2.0181
136:consists almost entirely of a
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1150:. Channel View Publications.
1110:Midwest Studies in Philosophy
1980:1990s science fiction novels
1975:1980s science fiction novels
1270:The Science Fiction Handbook
1227:Mythologies of Transhumanism
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639:Uplift as a positive concept
1965:Science fiction book series
1575:Syracuse University Library
1235:10.1007/978-3-319-39741-2_6
971:The Island of Doctor Moreau
632:The Island of Doctor Moreau
2016:
1680:Brown, Alan (2017-11-30).
1635:Hughes, James (May 2008).
737:The importance of language
1495:10.1163/15685306-12341241
1273:. John Wiley & Sons.
771:(1980), is essentially a
692:entrusting their fate to
1602:Journal of Animal Ethics
1017:"DAVID BRIN: Temptation"
992:"DAVID BRIN: Aficionado"
280:, which follows on from
1296:Science Fiction Studies
1197:Aalders, M. M. (2017).
425:finite-element analysis
274:, published in 1999 in
2000:Fiction about dolphins
1799:series listing at the
1753:www.yalescientific.org
1440:Vint, Sherryl (2007).
309:science fiction themed
1483:Society & Animals
1335:10.1353/con.2013.0009
1970:Novels by David Brin
1939:Temptation (novella)
1887:Uplift Storm trilogy
232:Uplift Storm trilogy
187:created by American
43:improve this article
1990:Fictional universes
1719:2010EnST...44.5677.
1229:. pp. 97–120.
1042:"THE UPLIFT NOVELS"
780:appears briefly in
670:and stewardship of
653:in the case of the
369:bottlenose dolphins
145:improve the article
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883:Gregorian Calendar
741:The importance of
656:Planet of the Apes
185:fictional universe
149:real-world context
1995:Fictional planets
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1849:The Uplift series
1727:10.1021/es102175a
1531:978-0-932096-44-9
1415:978-0-553-37796-5
1390:978-0-553-23495-4
1339:Project MUSE
1280:978-1-4443-1035-1
1244:978-3-319-39740-5
1157:978-1-84541-869-4
1021:www.davidbrin.com
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32:This article
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1933:GURPS Uplift
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1772:GURPS Uplift
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1756:. Retrieved
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1713:(15): 5677.
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1689:. Retrieved
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1583:. Retrieved
1579:the original
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1173:Boston Globe
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1069:. Retrieved
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861:The novella
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646:Frankenstein
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607:Major themes
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571:conservative
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143:Please help
138:plot summary
135:
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79:
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65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
1985:Space opera
754:Colonialism
510:Chimpanzees
365:chimpanzees
333:genetically
1954:Categories
1758:2022-01-21
1691:2022-01-21
1585:24 January
1553:: 129–142.
1350:1465559662
1201:(Thesis).
1181:1321655333
1071:2022-01-19
1047:2012-02-28
978:References
940:Uplift War
925:Events of
863:Temptation
730:Devolution
725:Devolution
706:speciesism
700:Speciesism
683:Religious
627:H.G. Wells
590:amphibious
523:percussion
414:Technology
341:indentured
305:sourcebook
293:Temptation
271:Temptation
193:David Brin
69:newspapers
1926:Ancillary
1116:: 78–97.
917:incident
855:Existence
685:orthodoxy
603:clients.
513:when the
476:EarthClan
448:Languages
441:etiquette
361:evolution
266:Existence
157:July 2024
99:July 2024
1857:Sundiver
1735:20812401
1514:(1987).
1512:Brin, D.
1468:20479303
1373:(1983).
1371:Brin, D.
1346:ProQuest
1308:25475137
1177:ProQuest
948:See also
915:Sundiver
877:Timeline
871:Streaker
843:Streaker
823:Streaker
817:In 1995
797:Streaker
793:Streaker
778:Sundiver
769:Sundiver
748:Sundiver
743:language
689:Streaker
679:Religion
594:Streaker
566:Gorillas
547:Streaker
543:Streaker
539:starship
534:Dolphins
517:invaded
482:uplifted
458:GalSeven
421:calculus
396:hydrogen
356:Humanity
208:Sundiver
1936:(1990)
1715:Bibcode
1686:Tor.com
1026:Jun 20,
1001:Jun 20,
668:Ecology
663:Ecology
587:sapient
462:Trinary
408:quantum
404:memetic
337:sapient
322:Setting
191:writer
83:scholar
1942:(1999)
1917:(1998)
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618:Uplift
612:Uplift
554:oxygen
496:Humans
454:Anglic
437:feudal
406:, and
392:oxygen
329:uplift
307:for a
258:(1998)
250:(1996)
242:(1995)
227:(1987)
219:(1983)
211:(1980)
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1667:Wired
1640:(PDF)
1618:JSTOR
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1304:JSTOR
938:Post
897:Event
846:'
597:'
581:Kiqui
550:'
519:Garth
515:Gubru
486:Earth
345:clans
303:is a
183:is a
90:JSTOR
76:books
1731:PMID
1587:2022
1526:ISBN
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1385:ISBN
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1239:ISBN
1152:ISBN
1028:2020
1003:2020
935:2492
922:2489
911:2246
903:2212
892:Date
830:and
694:Ifni
573:and
367:and
230:The
179:The
62:news
1723:doi
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
