2009:
2045:
182:
The last fully fluent speaker of Kiksht, Gladys
Thompson, died in July 2012. She had been honored for her work by the Oregon Legislature in 2007. Two new speakers were teaching Kiksht at the
2055:
758:
1552:
1171:
2050:
1144:
866:
850:
2065:
981:
2060:
2040:
894:
179:. It had 69 speakers in 1990, of whom 7 were monolingual: five Wasco and two Wishram. In 2001, there were five remaining speakers of Wasco.
633:
440:
691:
702:
519:
907:"Honors Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs elder Gladys Miller Thompson for her contribution to preserving Native languages of Oregon"
1615:
526:
1545:
237:
Hood River, now extinct (spoken by the Hood River Band of the Hood River Wasco in Oregon, also known as
Ninuhltidih or Kwikwulit )
197:
The last fluent speaker of the Wasco-Wishram dialect was
Madeline Brunoe McInturff, and she died on 11 July 2006 at the age of 91.
1164:
640:
447:
1769:
1320:
183:
1054:
766:
2035:
2013:
1538:
626:
433:
147:
246:(the Wishram lived north of the Columbia River in Washington and the kin Wasco lived south of the same river in Oregon)
1966:
1865:
1157:
675:
512:
1789:
1751:
1744:
1506:
1302:
1222:
709:
661:
426:
419:
1737:
1295:
647:
194:
in the Warm
Springs schools. Audio and video files of Kiksht are available at the Endangered Languages Archive.
1904:
1391:
874:
789:"Detailed Languages Spoken at Home and Ability to Speak English for the Population 5 Years and Over: 2009-2013"
468:
191:
1491:
577:
570:
454:
75:
1126:
814:"Making "collaboration" collaborative: An examination of perspectives that frame linguistic field research"
1974:
788:
716:
505:
498:
270:
1896:
1871:
1643:
1483:
906:
379:
372:
1501:
590:
547:
257:
187:
1816:
1727:
1655:
1561:
1446:
1286:
1244:
1188:
955:
533:
95:
1848:
1839:
1672:
1249:
1197:
1180:
490:
294:
266:
234:(two groups, one on each side of the Columbia River; the Oregon group were called Gahlawaihih ).
1005:
1829:
1824:
1758:
1409:
1370:
1309:
1254:
833:
334:
314:
299:
249:
176:
1990:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1931:
1885:
1798:
1778:
1698:
1624:
1587:
1496:
1470:
1435:
1379:
1359:
1336:
1275:
1266:
1231:
825:
309:
289:
231:
227:
214:
206:
65:
1941:
1878:
1805:
1637:
1631:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1424:
1385:
1238:
366:
304:
253:
240:
White Salmon, now extinct (spoken by the White Salmon River Band of
Wishram in Washington)
87:
813:
1138:
1936:
1715:
1708:
1665:
1604:
1597:
1521:
1429:
1418:
1398:
1350:
1343:
1329:
58:
139:
2029:
1686:
1679:
1204:
1082:
723:
668:
654:
614:
597:
554:
540:
475:
461:
358:
346:
243:
210:
48:
1132:
482:
1109:
1055:"Holy road: Speaker of Wasco language dead at 91 - Indian Country Media Network"
1030:
152:
609:
837:
17:
408:
132:
116:
175:
after its last surviving dialect, is a recently extinct language of the US
123:
935:
Spilyay Tymoo, Coyote News, the
Newspaper of the Warm Springs Reservation
327:
27:
Extinct Native
American language formerly spoken in Oregon and Washington
403:
223:
1530:
829:
1149:
930:
683:
562:
1133:
Wasco-Wishram Indian
Language (Upper Chinook, Kiksht, Clackamas)
1534:
1153:
854:
The
Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs Reservation of Oregon.
759:"Last Fluent Speaker Of Oregon Tribal Language 'Kiksht' Dies"
1010:
GALDU, Resource Centre for the Rights of
Indigenous Peoples
252:, now extinct, was spoken in northwestern Oregon along the
269:
has been classified as an additional dialect; it was not
1745:
Northern Kalapuya (Tualatin dialect (Tfalati, Atfalati))
186:
in 2006. The Northwest Indian Language Institute of the
1687:
Upper Chinook (Kiksht, Columbia Chinook, Wasco-Wishram)
911:
74th OREGON LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY--2007 Regular Session
1825:
Sahaptin (Shahaptin, Sħáptənəxw, Ichishkíin Sɨ́nwit)
1096:. New Haven: Yale University: Yale University Press.
2046:
Indigenous languages of the Pacific Northwest Coast
1983:
1965:
1924:
1917:
1895:
1858:
1838:
1815:
1788:
1768:
1725:
1696:
1653:
1614:
1585:
1578:
1482:
1445:
1408:
1369:
1319:
1285:
1265:
1221:
1187:
146:
130:
114:
109:
84:
74:
64:
54:
44:
32:
1141:, video about digitizing Kiksht language materials
1084:Wishram texts, together with Wasco tales and myths
812:Leonard, Wesley Y.; Haynes, Erin (December 2010).
70:11 July 2012, with the death of Gladys Thompson
1127:Kiksht - Washco Wishram - Upper Chinook videos
738:Vowels in Kiksht are as follows: /u a i ɛ ə/.
1546:
1165:
8:
1752:Northern Kalapuya (Yamhill dialect (Yamell))
1625:Lower Rogue River (Tututni, Upper Coquille)
1006:"USA: Tribes Strive to Save Native Tongues"
1921:
1582:
1553:
1539:
1531:
1172:
1158:
1150:
29:
982:"Warm Springs: A Convergence of Cultures"
818:Language Documentation & Conservation
190:formed a partnership to teach Kiksht and
1081:Sapir, Edward; Curtin, Jeremiah (1909).
867:"Lewis & Clark—Tribes—Wasco Indians"
752:
750:
280:
746:
286:
7:
1632:Upper Rogue River (Galice-Applegate)
757:Kristian Foden-Vencil (2012-07-17).
1905:Northern Paiute (Numu and Paviotso)
956:"New speakers try to save language"
895:Last Fluent Speaker of Kiksht Dies
2051:Extinct languages of North America
1799:Klamath-Modoc (Klamath, Lutuamian)
25:
722:
715:
708:
701:
690:
674:
667:
660:
653:
646:
639:
632:
625:
596:
589:
576:
569:
553:
546:
539:
532:
525:
518:
511:
504:
497:
481:
474:
467:
460:
453:
446:
439:
432:
425:
418:
378:
371:
2066:2012 disestablishments in Oregon
2008:
2007:
1087:. E.J. Brill. ASIN: B000855RIW.
184:Warm Springs Indian Reservation
2061:Languages extinct in the 2010s
2041:Indigenous languages of Oregon
1:
2056:Verb–subject–object languages
1059:indiancountrymedianetwork.com
856:2009 (retrieved 9 April 2009)
1759:Yoncalla (Southern Kalapuya)
1114:Endangered Languages Archive
1035:Endangered Languages Archive
226:or Watlalla, also known as
217:area in northwestern Oregon
2082:
1738:Central Kalapuya (Santiam)
1573:indicate extinct languages
980:Joanne B. Mulcahy (2005).
763:Oregon Public Broadcasting
2003:
1605:Yaquina (Yakwina, Yakona)
1568:
1515:
608:
480:
402:
365:
313:
308:
303:
298:
293:
288:
37:
985:(Oregon History Project)
954:Keith Chu (2006-07-30).
931:"Zelma Smith, 1926-2010"
1135:at native-languages.org
1110:"Conversational Kiksht"
1031:"Conversational Kiksht"
1975:American Sign Language
1716:Miluk (Lower Coquille)
1145:Audio of spoken Kiksht
1872:Plateau Sign Language
1770:Oregon Coast Penutian
271:mutually intelligible
1094:A Grammar of Wishram
1092:Dyk, Walter (1933).
877:on December 22, 2002
188:University of Oregon
2036:Chinookan languages
1562:Languages of Oregon
871:National Geographic
787:Bureau, US Census.
283:
1507:Southern Tsimshian
1181:Penutian languages
851:Culture: Language.
281:
2023:
2022:
1999:
1998:
1913:
1912:
1528:
1527:
1522:extinct languages
1303:Northern Kalapuya
736:
735:
686:
617:
565:
493:
415:
361:
354:
349:
342:
337:
330:
323:
209:, once spoken on
177:Pacific Northwest
158:
157:
16:(Redirected from
2073:
2011:
2010:
1932:American English
1922:
1866:Plains Sign Talk
1790:Plateau Penutian
1583:
1555:
1548:
1541:
1532:
1296:Central Kalapuya
1174:
1167:
1160:
1151:
1123:
1121:
1120:
1097:
1088:
1069:
1068:
1066:
1065:
1051:
1045:
1044:
1042:
1041:
1026:
1020:
1019:
1017:
1016:
1001:
995:
994:
992:
991:
986:
977:
971:
970:
968:
967:
951:
945:
944:
942:
941:
927:
921:
920:
918:
917:
903:
897:
892:
886:
885:
883:
882:
873:. Archived from
863:
857:
848:
842:
841:
809:
803:
802:
800:
799:
784:
778:
777:
775:
774:
765:. Archived from
754:
726:
719:
712:
705:
694:
684:
678:
671:
664:
657:
650:
643:
636:
629:
615:
600:
593:
580:
573:
563:
557:
550:
543:
536:
529:
522:
515:
508:
501:
491:
485:
478:
471:
464:
457:
450:
443:
436:
429:
422:
413:
382:
375:
357:
352:
345:
340:
333:
326:
321:
284:
169:Columbia Chinook
167:, also known as
142:
126:
119:
90:
30:
21:
2081:
2080:
2076:
2075:
2074:
2072:
2071:
2070:
2026:
2025:
2024:
2019:
1995:
1979:
1961:
1909:
1891:
1854:
1834:
1811:
1784:
1764:
1721:
1692:
1649:
1610:
1574:
1564:
1559:
1529:
1524:
1511:
1492:Coast Tsimshian
1478:
1441:
1404:
1392:Southern Patwin
1365:
1315:
1281:
1261:
1217:
1183:
1178:
1118:
1116:
1107:
1104:
1091:
1080:
1077:
1072:
1063:
1061:
1053:
1052:
1048:
1039:
1037:
1028:
1027:
1023:
1014:
1012:
1003:
1002:
998:
989:
987:
984:
979:
978:
974:
965:
963:
953:
952:
948:
939:
937:
929:
928:
924:
915:
913:
905:
904:
900:
893:
889:
880:
878:
865:
864:
860:
849:
845:
811:
810:
806:
797:
795:
786:
785:
781:
772:
770:
756:
755:
748:
744:
407:
279:
203:
138:
122:
115:
105:
91:
88:Language family
86:
80:270 (2009-2013)
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2079:
2077:
2069:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2043:
2038:
2028:
2027:
2021:
2020:
2018:
2017:
2004:
2001:
2000:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1993:
1987:
1985:
1981:
1980:
1978:
1977:
1971:
1969:
1963:
1962:
1960:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1928:
1926:
1919:
1915:
1914:
1911:
1910:
1908:
1907:
1901:
1899:
1893:
1892:
1890:
1889:
1882:
1875:
1868:
1862:
1860:
1856:
1855:
1853:
1852:
1844:
1842:
1836:
1835:
1833:
1832:
1827:
1821:
1819:
1813:
1812:
1810:
1809:
1802:
1794:
1792:
1786:
1785:
1783:
1782:
1774:
1772:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1762:
1755:
1748:
1741:
1733:
1731:
1723:
1722:
1720:
1719:
1712:
1704:
1702:
1694:
1693:
1691:
1690:
1683:
1676:
1669:
1666:Chinook Jargon
1661:
1659:
1651:
1650:
1648:
1647:
1640:
1635:
1628:
1620:
1618:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1608:
1601:
1598:Alsea (Alséya)
1593:
1591:
1580:
1576:
1575:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1560:
1558:
1557:
1550:
1543:
1535:
1526:
1525:
1516:
1513:
1512:
1510:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1494:
1488:
1486:
1480:
1479:
1477:
1476:
1475:
1474:
1467:
1457:
1451:
1449:
1443:
1442:
1440:
1439:
1432:
1427:
1422:
1414:
1412:
1406:
1405:
1403:
1402:
1395:
1388:
1383:
1375:
1373:
1367:
1366:
1364:
1363:
1356:
1355:
1354:
1347:
1333:
1325:
1323:
1317:
1316:
1314:
1313:
1306:
1299:
1291:
1289:
1283:
1282:
1280:
1279:
1271:
1269:
1263:
1262:
1260:
1259:
1258:
1257:
1252:
1242:
1235:
1227:
1225:
1219:
1218:
1216:
1215:
1208:
1201:
1193:
1191:
1185:
1184:
1179:
1177:
1176:
1169:
1162:
1154:
1148:
1147:
1142:
1139:Digital Kiksht
1136:
1130:
1124:
1103:
1102:External links
1100:
1099:
1098:
1089:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1070:
1046:
1021:
996:
972:
946:
922:
898:
887:
858:
843:
804:
779:
745:
743:
740:
734:
733:
731:
729:
727:
720:
713:
706:
699:
697:
695:
688:
680:
679:
672:
665:
658:
651:
644:
637:
630:
623:
621:
619:
612:
606:
605:
603:
601:
594:
587:
585:
583:
581:
574:
567:
559:
558:
551:
544:
537:
530:
523:
516:
509:
502:
495:
487:
486:
479:
472:
465:
458:
451:
444:
437:
430:
423:
416:
411:
400:
399:
397:
395:
393:
391:
389:
387:
385:
383:
376:
369:
363:
362:
355:
350:
343:
338:
331:
324:
318:
317:
312:
307:
302:
297:
292:
287:
278:
275:
264:
263:
262:
261:
247:
241:
238:
235:
218:
202:
199:
156:
155:
150:
144:
143:
136:
128:
127:
120:
112:
111:
110:Language codes
107:
106:
104:
103:
94:
92:
85:
82:
81:
78:
72:
71:
68:
62:
61:
59:Columbia River
56:
52:
51:
46:
45:Native to
42:
41:
35:
34:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2078:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2031:
2016:
2015:
2006:
2005:
2002:
1992:
1989:
1988:
1986:
1982:
1976:
1973:
1972:
1970:
1968:
1964:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1925:Indo-European
1923:
1920:
1916:
1906:
1903:
1902:
1900:
1898:
1894:
1888:
1887:
1883:
1881:
1880:
1876:
1874:
1873:
1869:
1867:
1864:
1863:
1861:
1857:
1851:
1850:
1846:
1845:
1843:
1841:
1837:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1822:
1820:
1818:
1814:
1808:
1807:
1803:
1801:
1800:
1796:
1795:
1793:
1791:
1787:
1781:
1780:
1776:
1775:
1773:
1771:
1767:
1761:
1760:
1756:
1754:
1753:
1749:
1747:
1746:
1742:
1740:
1739:
1735:
1734:
1732:
1730:
1729:
1724:
1718:
1717:
1713:
1711:
1710:
1706:
1705:
1703:
1701:
1700:
1695:
1689:
1688:
1684:
1682:
1681:
1680:Lower Chinook
1677:
1675:
1674:
1670:
1668:
1667:
1663:
1662:
1660:
1658:
1657:
1652:
1646:
1645:
1641:
1639:
1638:Siletz Dee-ni
1636:
1634:
1633:
1629:
1627:
1626:
1622:
1621:
1619:
1617:
1613:
1607:
1606:
1602:
1600:
1599:
1595:
1594:
1592:
1590:
1589:
1584:
1581:
1577:
1572:
1567:
1563:
1556:
1551:
1549:
1544:
1542:
1537:
1536:
1533:
1523:
1519:
1514:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1489:
1487:
1485:
1481:
1473:
1472:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1462:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1444:
1438:
1437:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:
1423:
1421:
1420:
1416:
1415:
1413:
1411:
1407:
1401:
1400:
1396:
1394:
1393:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1381:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1372:
1368:
1362:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1352:
1348:
1346:
1345:
1341:
1340:
1339:
1338:
1334:
1332:
1331:
1327:
1326:
1324:
1322:
1318:
1312:
1311:
1307:
1305:
1304:
1300:
1298:
1297:
1293:
1292:
1290:
1288:
1284:
1278:
1277:
1273:
1272:
1270:
1268:
1264:
1256:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1247:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1240:
1236:
1234:
1233:
1229:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1220:
1214:
1213:
1212:Upper Chinook
1209:
1207:
1206:
1205:Lower Chinook
1202:
1200:
1199:
1195:
1194:
1192:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1175:
1170:
1168:
1163:
1161:
1156:
1155:
1152:
1146:
1143:
1140:
1137:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1125:
1115:
1111:
1108:Nariyo Kono.
1106:
1105:
1101:
1095:
1090:
1086:
1085:
1079:
1078:
1074:
1060:
1056:
1050:
1047:
1036:
1032:
1029:Nariyo Kono.
1025:
1022:
1011:
1007:
1004:Aaron Clark.
1000:
997:
983:
976:
973:
961:
957:
950:
947:
936:
932:
926:
923:
912:
908:
902:
899:
896:
891:
888:
876:
872:
868:
862:
859:
855:
852:
847:
844:
839:
835:
831:
827:
823:
819:
815:
808:
805:
794:
790:
783:
780:
769:on 2019-10-10
768:
764:
760:
753:
751:
747:
741:
739:
732:
730:
728:
725:
721:
718:
714:
711:
707:
704:
700:
698:
696:
693:
689:
687:
682:
681:
677:
673:
670:
666:
663:
659:
656:
652:
649:
645:
642:
638:
635:
631:
628:
624:
622:
620:
618:
613:
611:
607:
604:
602:
599:
595:
592:
588:
586:
584:
582:
579:
575:
572:
568:
566:
561:
560:
556:
552:
549:
545:
542:
538:
535:
531:
528:
524:
521:
517:
514:
510:
507:
503:
500:
496:
494:
489:
488:
484:
477:
473:
470:
466:
463:
459:
456:
452:
449:
445:
442:
438:
435:
431:
428:
424:
421:
417:
412:
410:
405:
401:
398:
396:
394:
392:
390:
388:
386:
384:
381:
377:
374:
370:
368:
364:
360:
356:
351:
348:
344:
339:
336:
332:
329:
325:
320:
319:
316:
311:
306:
301:
296:
291:
285:
276:
274:
272:
268:
259:
255:
251:
248:
245:
244:Wasco-Wishram
242:
239:
236:
233:
229:
225:
222:
221:
219:
216:
212:
211:Sauvie Island
208:
205:
204:
200:
198:
195:
193:
189:
185:
180:
178:
174:
173:Wasco-Wishram
170:
166:
162:
161:Upper Chinook
154:
153:Wasco-Wishram
151:
149:
145:
141:
137:
135:
134:
129:
125:
121:
118:
113:
108:
102:
101:Upper Chinook
99:
98:
97:
93:
89:
83:
79:
77:
73:
69:
67:
63:
60:
57:
53:
50:
49:United States
47:
43:
40:
36:
33:Upper Chinook
31:
19:
18:Upper Chinook
2012:
1884:
1877:
1870:
1859:Unclassified
1847:
1804:
1797:
1777:
1757:
1750:
1743:
1736:
1726:
1714:
1709:Hanis (Coos)
1707:
1697:
1685:
1678:
1671:
1664:
1654:
1644:Upper Umpqua
1642:
1630:
1623:
1603:
1596:
1586:
1570:
1517:
1469:
1434:
1417:
1397:
1390:
1378:
1358:
1349:
1342:
1335:
1328:
1321:Coast Oregon
1308:
1301:
1294:
1274:
1237:
1230:
1211:
1210:
1203:
1196:
1117:. Retrieved
1113:
1093:
1083:
1075:Bibliography
1062:. Retrieved
1058:
1049:
1038:. Retrieved
1034:
1024:
1013:. Retrieved
1009:
999:
988:. Retrieved
975:
964:. Retrieved
960:The Bulletin
959:
949:
938:. Retrieved
934:
925:
914:. Retrieved
910:
901:
890:
879:. Retrieved
875:the original
870:
861:
853:
846:
821:
817:
807:
796:. Retrieved
792:
782:
771:. Retrieved
767:the original
762:
737:
265:
196:
181:
172:
168:
164:
160:
159:
131:
100:
38:
1967:French Sign
1897:Uto-Aztecan
1484:Tsimshianic
824:: 269–293.
282:Consonants
213:and in the
2030:Categories
1616:Athabaskan
1579:Indigenous
1119:2013-02-25
1064:2017-05-24
1040:2013-02-25
1015:2013-02-26
990:2013-02-26
966:2013-02-25
962:. Bend, OR
940:2013-02-25
916:2013-02-26
881:2013-02-25
830:10125/4482
798:2024-09-01
793:Census.gov
773:2013-02-26
742:References
610:Continuant
163:, endonym
1918:Immigrant
1849:Tillamook
1817:Sahaptian
1728:Kalapuyan
1673:Kathlamet
1656:Chinookan
1520:indicate
1447:Yok-Utian
1287:Kalapuyan
1250:Nez Perce
1245:Sahaptian
1198:Kathlamet
1189:Chinookan
1129:, YouTube
838:1934-5275
616:voiceless
409:Affricate
277:Phonology
267:Kathlamet
254:Clackamas
250:Clackamas
207:Multnomah
133:Glottolog
117:ISO 639-3
96:Chinookan
2014:Category
1840:Salishan
1830:Umatilla
1310:Yoncalla
1255:Sahaptin
492:ejective
328:sibilant
295:Alveolar
228:Cascades
215:Portland
201:Dialects
140:wasc1239
1991:Finnish
1957:Swedish
1952:Spanish
1947:Russian
1886:Takelma
1779:Siuslaw
1571:Italics
1518:Italics
1502:Nisga’a
1497:Gitksan
1436:Nisenan
1410:Maiduan
1380:Nomlaki
1371:Wintuan
1360:Siuslaw
1276:Takelma
1267:Takelma
1232:Klamath
1223:Plateau
404:Plosive
335:lateral
315:Glottal
300:Palatal
260:rivers.
232:extinct
224:Watlala
220:Kiksht
76:Revival
66:Extinct
1984:Uralic
1942:German
1879:Cayuse
1806:Molala
1699:Coosan
1588:Alsean
1471:Ohlone
1455:Yokuts
1425:Konkow
1386:Patwin
1337:Coosan
1330:Alsean
1239:Molala
836:
685:voiced
564:voiced
359:labial
347:labial
310:Uvular
290:Labial
230:, now
171:, and
165:Kiksht
55:Region
39:Kiksht
1937:Dutch
1465:Miwok
1460:Utian
1430:Maidu
1419:Chico
1399:Wintu
1351:Miluk
1344:Hanis
414:plain
367:Nasal
353:plain
341:plain
322:plain
305:Velar
258:Sandy
834:ISSN
256:and
192:Numu
826:hdl
555:qʷʼ
541:kʷʼ
527:tʃʼ
520:tɬʼ
513:tsʼ
148:ELP
124:wac
2032::
1112:.
1057:.
1033:.
1008:.
958:.
933:.
909:.
869:.
832:.
820:.
816:.
791:.
761:.
749:^
724:ɣʷ
669:χʷ
655:xʷ
598:ɡʷ
548:qʼ
534:kʼ
506:tʼ
499:pʼ
476:qʷ
462:kʷ
448:tʃ
441:tɬ
434:ts
273:.
1554:e
1547:t
1540:v
1173:e
1166:t
1159:v
1122:.
1067:.
1043:.
1018:.
993:.
969:.
943:.
919:.
884:.
840:.
828::
822:4
801:.
776:.
717:ɣ
710:j
703:l
692:w
676:h
662:χ
648:x
641:ʃ
634:ɬ
627:s
591:ɡ
578:d
571:b
483:ʔ
469:q
455:k
427:t
420:p
406:/
380:n
373:m
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.