1132:
988:
1252:
1324:
1264:
1312:
1276:
1300:
1288:
2087:
258:
250:
274:
266:
388:
377:
1144:
368:
397:
40:
1216:
953:
1204:
1156:
1240:
1228:
1180:
1168:
241:
1192:
1364:
1096:
The radius is named so because the radius (bone) acts like the radius (of a circle). It rotates around the ulna and the far end (where it joins to the bones of the hand), known as the styloid process of the radius, is the distance from the ulna (center of the circle) to the edge of the radius (the
2107:
1336:
1342:
1341:
1338:
1337:
1343:
1340:
668:, and its upper part is rounded and indistinct; it becomes sharp and prominent as it descends, and at its lower part divides into two ridges which are continued to the anterior and posterior margins of the
471:
These two articular surfaces are separated by a prominent ridge, to which the base of the triangular articular disk is attached; this disk separates the wrist-joint from the distal radioulnar articulation.
680:. This crest separates the volar from the dorsal surface, and gives attachment to the interosseous membrane. The connection between the two bones is actually a joint referred to as a
553:
is prolonged obliquely downward into a strong, conical projection, the styloid process, which gives attachment by its base to the tendon of the brachioradialis, and by its apex to the
1131:
708:. A prominent ridge limits the insertion of the Pronator quadratus below, and between this and the inferior border is a triangular rough surface for the attachment of the
304:'s cup-shaped articulatory notch); they are crossed by others parallel to the surface of the fovea. The arrangement at the lower end is somewhat similar. It is missing in
444:
articular surface is triangular, concave, smooth, and divided by a slight antero-posterior ridge into two parts. Of these, the lateral, triangular, articulates with the
1499:
610:
from the lateral surface. Its upper third is prominent, and from its oblique direction has received the name of the oblique line of the radius; it gives origin to the
1339:
525:
is deep but narrow, and bounded laterally by a sharply defined ridge; it is directed obliquely from above downward and lateralward, and transmits the tendon of the
1555:
117:
1251:
1323:
1263:
1311:
1275:
735:
below. Its lower third is broad, convex, and covered by the tendons of the muscles which subsequently run in the grooves on the lower end of the bone.
554:
855:
centers: one for the body, and one for each extremity. That for the body makes its appearance near the center of the bone, during the eighth week of
582:) is prismoid in form, narrower above than below, and slightly curved, so as to be convex lateralward. It presents three borders and three surfaces.
1299:
1287:
289:. It is thickest along the interosseous border and thinnest at the extremities, same over the cup-shaped articular surface (fovea) of the head.
806:. The deepest point in the fovea is not axi-symmetric with the long axis of the radius, creating a cam effect during pronation and supination.
1456:
862:
Ossification commences in the lower end between 9 and 26 months of age. The ossification center for the upper end appears by the fifth year.
611:
515:
511:
93:
1010:
653:; it separates the posterior from the lateral surface. is indistinct above and below, but well-marked in the middle third of the bone.
1077:
for "ray". In the context of the radius bone, a ray can be thought of rotating around an axis line extending diagonally from center of
1105:
In four-legged animals, the radius is the main load-bearing bone of the lower forelimb. Its structure is similar in most terrestrial
1793:
1548:
1522:
712:. At the junction of the upper and middle thirds of the volar surface is the nutrient foramen, which is directed obliquely upward.
2122:
1797:
631:
356:
348:
987:
763:
759:
732:
728:
526:
510:
groove is broad, but shallow, and subdivided into two by a slight ridge: the lateral of these two, transmits the tendon of the
1143:
1006:
902:
352:
626:. The middle third of the volar border is indistinct and rounded. The lower fourth is prominent, and gives insertion to the
1825:
1695:
1598:
701:
619:
112:
1905:
1732:
1699:
1541:
607:
174:
1395:"Gray's Anatomy. Descriptive and Surgical. New American from the 15th English edition. Revised, enlarged and rewritten"
1807:
709:
541:
500:
296:
of the spongy tissue are somewhat arched at the upper end and pass upward from the compact layer of the shaft to the
2077:
1811:
1774:
1728:
1719:
1155:
803:
489:
1097:
circle). The ulna acts as the center point to the circle because when the arm is rotated the ulna does not move.
1869:
1691:
1239:
1227:
705:
677:
669:
627:
537:
324:
312:
1179:
1167:
1779:
1078:
1051:
914:
910:
799:
791:
562:
558:
213:
124:
76:
1191:
189:
and runs parallel to the ulna. The ulna is longer than the radius, but the radius is thicker. The radius is a
1030:
998:
2086:
1215:
2112:
2055:
2027:
2017:
1992:
1897:
1873:
1021:
906:
650:
635:
603:
340:
100:
88:
1203:
2032:
2022:
2012:
1920:
1666:
1662:
1373:
755:
673:
257:
249:
273:
1877:
1647:
1633:
1629:
1047:
790:
has a cylindrical form, and on its upper surface is a shallow cup or fovea for articulation with the
344:
265:
2117:
1784:
1643:
1041:
1035:
869:
fuses with the body at the age of seventeen or eighteen years, the lower about the age of twenty.
315:
consists of a somewhat cylindrical head articulating with the ulna and the humerus, a neck, and a
2050:
1768:
922:
826:; its surface is divided into a posterior, rough portion, for the insertion of the tendon of the
359:
originates medially along the length of the body of the radius to attach the radius to the ulna.
649:) begins above at the back of the neck, and ends below at the posterior part of the base of the
1862:
1625:
1603:
1518:
1493:
1471:
1452:
1414:
1378:
1055:
1026:
894:
873:
822:
798:. The circumference of the head is smooth; it is broad medially where it articulates with the
665:
599:
316:
2060:
2004:
1972:
1752:
1742:
1682:
1672:
1406:
1074:
1038:– a distal fracture of the radius with dorsal (posterior) displacement of the wrist and hand
898:
897:
of the upper extremity of the bone. The upper third of the body of the bone attaches to the
814:
751:
724:
676:
is attached, while the triangular surface between the ridges gives insertion to part of the
623:
282:
194:
387:
376:
1962:
1913:
1829:
1758:
1746:
1588:
1576:
930:
467:) of the radius; it is narrow, concave, smooth, and articulates with the head of the ulna.
367:
201:
1044:– a distal fracture of the radius with volar (ventral) displacement of the wrist and hand
557:. The lateral surface of this process is marked by a flat groove, for the tendons of the
17:
396:
39:
2091:
1977:
1858:
1593:
1002:
941:
918:
827:
320:
305:
1394:
2101:
1982:
1967:
1952:
1763:
1653:
1410:
1369:
1089:
is the major contributor to the elbow joint, the radius primarily contributes to the
964:
445:
2108:
Knowledge articles incorporating text from the 20th edition of Gray's
Anatomy (1918)
750:, curving outwards to be convex at the side. Its upper third gives insertion to the
480:
This end of the bone has three non-articular surfaces – volar, dorsal, and lateral.
2042:
1944:
1909:
1821:
976:
957:
429:
286:
217:
81:
1987:
1957:
681:
460:
449:
336:
178:
952:
293:
1418:
809:
The head is supported on a round, smooth, and constricted portion called the
723:) is convex, and smooth in the upper third of its extent, and covered by the
105:
1901:
1484:
Marieb, E., R.N., Ph.D; Mallatt, J., Ph.D. & Wilhelm, P., Ph.D. (2008),
1106:
866:
224:
190:
1117:) and reduced or modified in animals with flippers or vestigial forelimbs.
813:, on the back of which is a slight ridge for the insertion of part of the
240:
1677:
1580:
1488:(5th ed.), San Francisco, CA: Pearson Benjamin Cummings, p. 188
848:
704:; it is broad and flat in its lower fourth, and affords insertion to the
332:
1840:
1710:
1613:
980:
795:
727:. Its middle third is broad, slightly concave, and gives origin to the
339:. The distal end of the radius forms two palpable points, radially the
301:
166:
45:
130:
1110:
926:
890:
835:
503:, and is marked by three grooves. Enumerated from the lateral side:
1533:
1436:(5th ed.), Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
327:
is roughly quadrilateral in shape, with articular surfaces for the
1114:
1090:
972:
951:
856:
831:
272:
264:
256:
248:
238:
228:
209:
205:
186:
182:
64:
700:) is concave in its upper three-fourths, and gives origin to the
1935:
1888:
1564:
1086:
1082:
433:
428:
It is provided with two articular surfaces – one below, for the
328:
170:
162:
1537:
971:
Proximal radius fracture. A fracture within the capsule of the
1568:
1517:. Philadelphia, PA: Holt-Saunders International. p. 199.
758:. Its lower part is narrow, and covered by the tendons of the
754:. About its center is a rough ridge, for the insertion of the
220:. At the wrist, the radius forms a joint with the ulna bone.
944:
refers to the congenital absence or shortness of the radius.
802:, narrow in the rest of its extent, which is embraced by the
746:) is convex throughout its entire extent and is known as the
634:; it ends in a small tubercle, into which the tendon of the
622:; the surface above the line gives insertion to part of the
672:. To the posterior of the two ridges the lower part of the
820:
Beneath the neck, on the medial side, is an eminence, the
1451:. USA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 446.
956:
A subtle radial head fracture with associated positive
921:
muscles. The lower quarter of the body attaches to the
662:
internal border; crista interossea; interosseous crest;
909:
muscles. The middle third of the body attaches to the
405:
Anterior and posterior view of radius bone - labelled.
2075:
1399:
JAMA: The
Journal of the American Medical Association
2041:
2003:
1943:
1934:
1887:
1848:
1839:
1709:
1612:
1575:
1513:Romer, Alfred Sherwood; Parsons, Thomas S. (1977).
1029:– a fracture of the radius with dislocation of the
111:
99:
87:
75:
63:
58:
53:
32:
876:, appears about the fourteenth or fifteenth year.
488:, rough and irregular, affords attachment to the
216:, and in a separate region, with the ulna at the
536:is broad, for the passage of the tendons of the
311:The radius has a body and two extremities. The
1137:Radius bone and radius of a circle comparison.
979:or "sail sign" which is a displacement of the
830:, and an anterior, smooth portion, on which a
602:above to the anterior part of the base of the
1549:
1054:of the distal radius with dislocation of the
197:-shaped and slightly curved longitudinally.
8:
1498:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1474:at Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics online
1109:, but it may be fused with the ulna in some
872:An additional center sometimes found in the
1434:Anatomy: A Regional Atlas of the Human Body
44:The radius (shown in red) is a bone in the
1940:
1845:
1556:
1542:
1534:
991:Illustration showing radius shaft fracture
432:, and another at the medial side, for the
38:
782:) presents a head, neck, and tuberosity.
555:radial collateral ligament of wrist joint
1449:Essential Clinical Anatomy Third Edition
986:
664:) begins above, at the back part of the
27:One of the two long bones of the forearm
2082:
1386:
1257:Posterior view of right proximal radius
1161:Radius, styloid process - anterior view
1127:
1491:
1368:This article incorporates text in the
1329:Anterior view of right proximal radius
598:;) extends from the lower part of the
596:margo volaris; anterior border; palmar
448:; the medial, quadrilateral, with the
128:
29:
1269:Posterior view of right distal radius
1245:Posterior surface of radius (at left)
1233:Anterior surface of radius (at right)
612:flexor digitorum superficialis muscle
516:extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle
512:extensor carpi radialis longus muscle
499:is convex, affords attachment to the
7:
1317:Anterior view of right distal radius
1281:Medial view of right proximal radius
1185:Radius, radial head – posterior view
1173:Radius, ulnar notch - posterior view
1005:with concomitant dislocation of the
420:is large and of quadrilateral form.
1305:Lateral view of right distal radius
1197:Radius, radial head – anterior view
261:Full posterior view of right radius
150:
1293:Medial view of right distal radius
1149:Position of radius (shown in red).
915:extensor primi internodii pollicis
744:facies lateralis; external surface
721:facies dorsalis; posterior surface
347:on the ulnar side. Along with the
253:Full anterior view of right radius
212:. At the elbow, it joins with the
25:
911:extensor ossis metacarpi pollicis
277:Full lateral view of right radius
2085:
1447:Moore, Keith; Anne Agur (2007).
1411:10.1001/jama.1905.02510220061023
1362:
1334:
1322:
1310:
1298:
1286:
1274:
1262:
1250:
1238:
1226:
1214:
1202:
1190:
1178:
1166:
1154:
1142:
1130:
698:facies volaris; anterior surface
647:margo dorsalis; posterior border
514:; the medial, the tendon of the
395:
386:
375:
366:
285:is enclosed in a strong wall of
269:Full medial view of right radius
764:extensor pollicis brevis muscle
760:abductor pollicis longus muscle
733:extensor pollicis brevis muscle
527:extensor pollicis longus muscle
353:distal radioulnar articulations
903:flexor digitorum superficialis
455:The articular surface for the
223:The corresponding bone in the
1:
1432:Clemente, Carmine D. (2007),
967:types of the radius include:
776:upper extremity of the radius
702:flexor pollicis longus muscle
620:flexor pollicis longus muscle
325:lower extremity of the radius
323:is self-explanatory, and the
313:upper extremity of the radius
1376:of the 20th edition of
542:extensor digitorum communis
501:dorsal radiocarpal ligament
2139:
1221:Radius l. dx. – post. view
834:is interposed between the
710:volar radiocarpal ligament
490:volar radiocarpal ligament
200:The radius is part of two
161:) is one of the two large
1209:Radius l. dx. – ant. view
678:pronator quadratus muscle
628:pronator quadratus muscle
616:flexor digitorum sublimis
606:below, and separates the
538:extensor indicis proprius
123:
37:
18:Upper extremity of radius
1405:(22): 1675. 1905-11-25.
1081:to the center of distal
1052:intra-articular fracture
1007:distal radio-ulnar joint
800:radial notch of the ulna
729:Abductor pollicis longus
630:, and attachment to the
563:extensor pollicis brevis
559:abductor pollicis longus
418:distal end of the radius
214:capitulum of the humerus
125:Anatomical terms of bone
2123:Bones of the upper limb
1472:Essex Lopresti fracture
1031:distal radioulnar joint
1009:with disruption of the
999:Essex-Lopresti fracture
794:(or capitellum) of the
748:convexity of the radius
1022:Distal radius fracture
992:
960:
907:flexor pollicis longus
893:muscle inserts on the
636:brachioradialis muscle
632:dorsal carpal ligament
278:
270:
262:
254:
246:
173:. It extends from the
169:, the other being the
1018:Radial shaft fracture
1011:interosseous membrane
990:
975:joint results in the
955:
937:Clinical significance
828:biceps brachii muscle
756:pronator teres muscle
674:interosseous membrane
357:interosseous membrane
276:
268:
260:
252:
244:
1804:supracondylar ridges
1001:– a fracture of the
1515:The Vertebrate Body
1349:Radius bone anatomy
658:interosseous border
1769:deltoid tuberosity
993:
961:
923:pronator quadratus
885:Muscle attachments
780:proximal extremity
706:Pronator quadratus
576:body of the radius
321:body of the radius
279:
271:
263:
255:
247:
2073:
2072:
2069:
2068:
1930:
1929:
1878:Lister's tubercle
1604:subclavian groove
1599:costal tuberosity
1458:978-0-7817-6274-8
1344:
1056:radiocarpal joint
1048:Barton's fracture
1027:Galeazzi fracture
895:radial tuberosity
874:radial tuberosity
823:radial tuberosity
345:Lister's tubercle
317:radial tuberosity
139:
138:
134:
16:(Redirected from
2130:
2090:
2089:
2081:
2005:Metacarpal bones
1941:
1906:coronoid process
1846:
1753:bicipital groove
1683:coracoid process
1673:spine of scapula
1558:
1551:
1544:
1535:
1529:
1528:
1510:
1504:
1503:
1497:
1489:
1481:
1475:
1469:
1463:
1462:
1444:
1438:
1437:
1429:
1423:
1422:
1391:
1366:
1365:
1346:
1345:
1326:
1314:
1302:
1290:
1278:
1266:
1254:
1242:
1230:
1218:
1206:
1194:
1182:
1170:
1158:
1146:
1134:
1042:Smith's fracture
1036:Colles' fracture
931:supinator longus
815:supinator muscle
804:annular ligament
752:supinator muscle
624:supinator muscle
399:
390:
379:
370:
283:medullary cavity
281:The long narrow
243:
152:
131:edit on Wikidata
42:
30:
21:
2138:
2137:
2133:
2132:
2131:
2129:
2128:
2127:
2098:
2097:
2096:
2084:
2076:
2074:
2065:
2037:
1999:
1926:
1921:styloid process
1914:trochlear notch
1883:
1874:styloid process
1835:
1775:lower extremity
1720:upper extremity
1705:
1608:
1589:conoid tubercle
1577:Shoulder girdle
1571:
1562:
1532:
1525:
1512:
1511:
1507:
1490:
1483:
1482:
1478:
1470:
1466:
1459:
1446:
1445:
1441:
1431:
1430:
1426:
1393:
1392:
1388:
1363:
1360:
1355:
1354:
1353:
1350:
1347:
1335:
1330:
1327:
1318:
1315:
1306:
1303:
1294:
1291:
1282:
1279:
1270:
1267:
1258:
1255:
1246:
1243:
1234:
1231:
1222:
1219:
1210:
1207:
1198:
1195:
1186:
1183:
1174:
1171:
1162:
1159:
1150:
1147:
1138:
1135:
1123:
1103:
1067:
950:
939:
925:muscle and the
887:
882:
845:
772:
740:lateral surface
731:above, and the
651:styloid process
604:styloid process
580:shaft of radius
572:
551:lateral surface
414:
409:
408:
407:
406:
402:
401:
400:
392:
391:
382:
381:
380:
372:
371:
341:styloid process
239:
237:
135:
49:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2136:
2134:
2126:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2110:
2100:
2099:
2095:
2094:
2071:
2070:
2067:
2066:
2064:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2047:
2045:
2039:
2038:
2036:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2009:
2007:
2001:
2000:
1998:
1997:
1996:
1995:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1949:
1947:
1938:
1932:
1931:
1928:
1927:
1925:
1924:
1917:
1893:
1891:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1881:
1866:
1854:
1852:
1843:
1837:
1836:
1834:
1833:
1815:
1801:
1787:
1782:
1771:
1766:
1755:
1750:
1736:
1715:
1713:
1707:
1706:
1704:
1703:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1656:
1651:
1648:great scapular
1637:
1634:infraspinatous
1630:supraspinatous
1618:
1616:
1610:
1609:
1607:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1594:trapezoid line
1591:
1585:
1583:
1573:
1572:
1563:
1561:
1560:
1553:
1546:
1538:
1531:
1530:
1523:
1505:
1476:
1464:
1457:
1439:
1424:
1385:
1379:Gray's Anatomy
1359:
1356:
1352:
1351:
1348:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1273:
1271:
1268:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1102:
1099:
1066:
1063:
1062:
1061:
1060:
1059:
1045:
1039:
1033:
1019:
1016:
1015:
1014:
985:
984:
949:
946:
942:Radial aplasia
938:
935:
919:pronator teres
886:
883:
881:
878:
847:The radius is
844:
841:
840:
839:
818:
807:
771:
770:Near the elbow
768:
717:dorsal surface
690:
689:
588:
587:
571:
568:
567:
566:
547:
546:
545:
530:
519:
497:dorsal surface
493:
478:
477:
476:Other surfaces
469:
468:
465:sigmoid cavity
459:is called the
453:
426:
425:
424:Joint surfaces
413:
412:Near the wrist
410:
404:
403:
394:
393:
385:
384:
383:
374:
373:
365:
364:
363:
362:
361:
306:radial aplasia
298:fovea capituli
236:
233:
137:
136:
127:
121:
120:
115:
109:
108:
103:
97:
96:
91:
85:
84:
79:
73:
72:
67:
61:
60:
56:
55:
51:
50:
43:
35:
34:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2135:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2113:Radius (bone)
2111:
2109:
2106:
2105:
2103:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2079:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2048:
2046:
2044:
2040:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2008:
2006:
2002:
1994:
1991:
1990:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1950:
1948:
1946:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1933:
1922:
1918:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1895:
1894:
1892:
1890:
1886:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1855:
1853:
1851:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1838:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1816:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1802:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1788:
1786:
1783:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1772:
1770:
1767:
1765:
1764:radial sulcus
1762:
1760:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1737:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1717:
1716:
1714:
1712:
1708:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1654:glenoid fossa
1652:
1649:
1645:
1644:suprascapular
1641:
1638:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1620:
1619:
1617:
1615:
1611:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1590:
1587:
1586:
1584:
1582:
1578:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1559:
1554:
1552:
1547:
1545:
1540:
1539:
1536:
1526:
1524:0-03-910284-X
1520:
1516:
1509:
1506:
1501:
1495:
1487:
1486:Human Anatomy
1480:
1477:
1473:
1468:
1465:
1460:
1454:
1450:
1443:
1440:
1435:
1428:
1425:
1420:
1416:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1390:
1387:
1384:
1383:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1371:
1370:public domain
1357:
1332:
1325:
1320:
1313:
1308:
1301:
1296:
1289:
1284:
1277:
1272:
1265:
1260:
1253:
1248:
1241:
1236:
1229:
1224:
1217:
1212:
1205:
1200:
1193:
1188:
1181:
1176:
1169:
1164:
1157:
1152:
1145:
1140:
1133:
1128:
1120:
1118:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1101:Other animals
1100:
1098:
1094:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1064:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1046:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1028:
1025:
1024:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
997:
996:
995:
994:
989:
983:at the elbow.
982:
978:
974:
970:
969:
968:
966:
959:
954:
947:
945:
943:
936:
934:
932:
928:
924:
920:
916:
912:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
884:
879:
877:
875:
870:
868:
863:
860:
858:
854:
850:
842:
838:and the bone.
837:
833:
829:
825:
824:
819:
816:
812:
808:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
784:
783:
781:
777:
769:
767:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
736:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
713:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
694:volar surface
687:
686:
685:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
654:
652:
648:
644:
643:dorsal border
639:
638:is inserted.
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
585:
584:
583:
581:
577:
569:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
543:
539:
535:
531:
528:
524:
520:
517:
513:
509:
505:
504:
502:
498:
494:
491:
487:
486:volar surface
483:
482:
481:
475:
474:
473:
466:
462:
458:
454:
451:
447:
446:scaphoid bone
443:
439:
438:
437:
435:
431:
423:
422:
421:
419:
411:
398:
389:
378:
369:
360:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
314:
309:
307:
303:
299:
295:
290:
288:
284:
275:
267:
259:
251:
242:
234:
232:
230:
226:
221:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
198:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
148:
144:
132:
126:
122:
119:
116:
114:
110:
107:
104:
102:
98:
95:
92:
90:
86:
83:
80:
78:
74:
71:
68:
66:
62:
57:
52:
47:
41:
36:
31:
19:
2056:intermediate
1945:Carpal bones
1919:near wrist (
1910:radial notch
1896:near elbow (
1868:near wrist (
1857:near elbow (
1849:
1817:
1803:
1789:
1773:
1757:
1738:
1724:
1718:
1687:
1667:supraglenoid
1663:infraglenoid
1658:
1639:
1621:
1514:
1508:
1485:
1479:
1467:
1448:
1442:
1433:
1427:
1402:
1398:
1389:
1381:
1367:
1361:
1104:
1095:
1085:. While the
1070:
1068:
977:fat pad sign
962:
940:
888:
871:
864:
861:
852:
846:
821:
810:
787:
779:
775:
773:
747:
743:
739:
737:
720:
716:
714:
697:
693:
691:
661:
657:
655:
646:
642:
640:
615:
595:
592:volar border
591:
589:
579:
575:
573:
550:
533:
522:
507:
496:
485:
479:
470:
464:
456:
441:
427:
417:
415:
337:lunate bones
310:
297:
291:
287:compact bone
280:
222:
218:radial notch
199:
185:side of the
177:side of the
158:
154:
146:
142:
140:
94:A02.4.05.001
69:
1870:ulnar notch
1790:epicondyles
1626:subscapular
1003:radial head
843:Development
786:The radial
682:syndesmosis
670:ulnar notch
561:muscle and
461:ulnar notch
450:lunate bone
147:radial bone
59:Identifiers
2118:Long bones
2102:Categories
1963:triquetral
1898:tuberosity
1863:tuberosity
1729:anatomical
1358:References
917:, and the
905:, and the
865:The upper
666:tuberosity
600:tuberosity
294:trabeculae
2043:Phalanges
1978:trapezoid
1973:trapezium
1902:olecranon
1830:olecranon
1780:capitulum
1739:tubercles
1659:tubercles
1419:0098-7484
1113:(such as
1107:tetrapods
1079:capitulum
1069:The word
963:Specific
958:sail sign
899:supinator
867:epiphysis
792:capitulum
725:Supinator
245:3D model.
235:Structure
225:lower leg
191:long bone
2051:proximal
1983:capitate
1968:pisiform
1953:scaphoid
1826:coronoid
1785:trochlea
1733:surgical
1696:inferior
1692:superior
1678:acromion
1581:clavicle
1494:citation
1374:page 219
965:fracture
948:Fracture
880:Function
849:ossified
688:Surfaces
349:proximal
333:scaphoid
208:and the
159:radiuses
2092:Anatomy
1993:hamulus
1841:Forearm
1808:lateral
1794:lateral
1743:greater
1711:Humerus
1700:lateral
1640:notches
1614:Scapula
1567:of the
1121:Gallery
1111:mammals
1093:joint.
1065:History
981:fat pad
929:of the
796:humerus
684:joint.
586:Borders
565:muscle.
302:humerus
227:is the
181:to the
175:lateral
167:forearm
165:of the
82:D011884
54:Details
46:forearm
2078:Portal
2061:distal
1988:hamate
1958:lunate
1850:Radius
1822:radial
1818:fossae
1812:medial
1798:medial
1747:lesser
1688:angles
1622:fossae
1521:
1455:
1417:
1382:(1918)
1115:horses
1071:radius
927:tendon
901:, the
891:biceps
859:life.
836:tendon
618:) and
614:(also
523:second
442:carpal
430:carpus
319:. The
204:: the
202:joints
143:radius
70:radius
33:Radius
1725:necks
1565:Bones
1372:from
1091:wrist
1075:Latin
1050:– an
973:elbow
857:fetal
853:three
851:from
832:bursa
608:volar
534:third
508:first
355:, an
300:(the
229:tibia
210:wrist
206:elbow
195:prism
187:wrist
183:thumb
179:elbow
163:bones
155:radii
129:[
118:23463
65:Latin
1936:Hand
1889:Ulna
1859:head
1759:body
1519:ISBN
1500:link
1453:ISBN
1415:ISSN
1087:ulna
1083:ulna
889:The
811:neck
788:head
778:(or
774:The
762:and
738:The
715:The
692:The
656:The
641:The
590:The
578:(or
574:The
570:Body
549:The
540:and
532:The
521:The
506:The
495:The
484:The
457:ulna
440:The
434:ulna
416:The
351:and
343:and
335:and
329:ulna
292:The
171:ulna
141:The
106:1210
89:TA98
77:MeSH
2033:5th
2028:4th
2023:3rd
2018:2nd
2013:1st
1569:arm
1407:doi
1403:XLV
1073:is
157:or
151:pl.
145:or
113:FMA
101:TA2
2104::
1912:,
1908:,
1904:,
1900:,
1876:,
1872:,
1861:,
1828:,
1824:,
1810:,
1796:,
1745:,
1731:,
1698:,
1694:,
1665:,
1646:,
1632:,
1628:,
1579:,
1496:}}
1492:{{
1413:.
1401:.
1397:.
933:.
913:,
766:.
436:.
331:,
308:.
231:.
193:,
153::
2080::
1923:)
1916:)
1880:)
1865:)
1832:)
1820:(
1814:)
1806:(
1800:)
1792:(
1777::
1761::
1749:)
1741:(
1735:)
1727:(
1722::
1702:)
1690:(
1669:)
1661:(
1650:)
1642:(
1636:)
1624:(
1557:e
1550:t
1543:v
1527:.
1502:)
1461:.
1421:.
1409::
1058:.
1013:.
817:.
742:(
719:(
696:(
660:(
645:(
594:(
544:.
529:.
518:.
492:.
463:(
452:.
149:(
133:]
48:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
