390:. In the 1960s Oberwart became a small industrial town with a German majority. Assimilation accelerated, although there were attempts to keep alive the sense of identity, for example by the formation of cultural groups and associations. The Reformed Church played an important part of this process, especially in Oberwart/Felsőőr. In 1976 the Hungarians were officially recognised as a minority group by the Austrian state. The Austrian policy against ethnic minorities changed very slowly in the last decades of the 20th century, but today minority rights are accepted.
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At the end of the 19th century the community began to dwindle, due to the decline of small crafts and the frittering away of the noble properties between the children. Several new
Hungarian civil servants and intellectuals arrived in Felsőőr which was the centre of local government but the newcomers
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s from the people of the neighbouring villages, and was important in the formation of their distinct identity. Some families kept track of their noble origins even in the 20th century. In the village of Alsóőr/Unterwart several families trace back their origin to medieval times, for example the
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Balikó, Balla, Benedek, Benkő, Deáki, Farkas, Gaál, Gangoly, Gyáki, Györög, Heritz, Kelemen, Leéb, Moór, Német, Paál, Palank, Seper, Szabó, Takács and Zarka families.
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s became an isolated community in this new situation. They spoke their distinct dialect and practised strict endogamy until at least the middle of the 20th century.
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Upper Őrség became a language island in the 16th century. At that time the neighbouring territories were already populated with
Germans. After the devastating
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in 2004 the remaining
Hungarian population of the region had an opportunity to re-establish cultural and economic connections with Hungary.
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severely affected the ethnic minorities. Hungarian schools were closed and the use of native language strongly discouraged. During
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the
Hungarian population of Burgenland halved (in 1934 10,442 Hungarians lived in the province, in 1951 only 5251).
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at the beginning of the 14th century. They were free of serfdom and taxation. These privileges were acknowledged by
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The descendants of the guards are still living in the villages of the Upper Őrség (and in the Lower Őrség or simply
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remained "strangers" to the original population. After the absorption into
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s tried to maintain their identity in the first decades of the new republic. After the
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a small German-speaking area in the west of
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minority. The economic and cultural center of the microregion is
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After the democratic change in
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Hungarian wars of independence against the
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population. They lived around the villages of Alsólövő (now
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In the 11th century the region was part of the border zone (
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s were totally separated from the mother country by the
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221:(guards and archers). In contemporary
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492:Categories
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339:Burgenland
231:sagittarii
163:Burgenland
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322:Habsburgs
290:in 1582.
288:Rudolph I
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179:Unterwart
156:Hungarian
134:Hungarian
34:does not
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477:szappan
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447:bácsám
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344:After
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316:The
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