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production methods, and efficient resource management, to maintain economic growth while minimizing environmental impact. As we learn more about climate change, it's important for experts and those sharing knowledge to keep talking and working together to lower the spread of inaccurate information and hopefully spread active awareness to every corner of the world. In regions like India, attaining sustainable urban development poses formidable challenges due to a notable dearth of climate awareness within the planning system. Sustained progress relies on a comprehensive understanding of the intricate interactions between urbanization and climate change, which necessitates incorporating climate considerations and resilience measures into the fabric of urban planning. By enhancing knowledge and raising awareness among planners, policymakers, and stakeholders, it becomes possible to integrate climate-responsive strategies into the planning process, including efficient land use, low-carbon transportation, renewable energy, and climate-resilient infrastructure. Addressing this knowledge gap and fostering a climate-conscious mindset within the planning system are critical steps towards achieving sustainable urban development in India and empowering cities to navigate the complex challenges of climate change while ensuring a harmonious and prosperous future for its residents.
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regulate and sustain optimal temperatures in these urban environments. Strategic planning and implementation of various heat mitigation strategies become essential to counteract the adverse effects of urban heat islands. This involves the careful consideration of factors such as urban design, green infrastructure, building materials, landscaping, and energy-efficient cooling systems. By adopting a multifaceted approach that integrates natural and technological solutions to add or remove heat as necessary, cities can create more resilient and comfortable living environments, ensuring the well-being and quality of life for their inhabitants while mitigating the impact of urban heat islands on public health, energy consumption, and overall urban sustainability.
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knowledge. In order to enrich undergraduate education, adequately prepare future geoscientists, empower underserved communities, and tackle the shortage of geoscience professionals, it is crucial to employ unique teaching and learning methods. The Center for Remote
Sensing and Earth System Sciences (ReSESS) at City Tech focuses on leveraging remote sensing to attract and engage students from underserved communities, with a specific emphasis on studying urban climate dynamics in their local neighborhoods. This approach has demonstrated success in raising awareness and deepening understanding of the geosciences, while motivating students to contribute their newly acquired knowledge to local environmental sustainability initiatives.
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warming the air above the surface via convection, evaporating moisture from the urban surface system, and storing heat in surface materials, such as buildings and roads. The solar energy is stored during the day and typically released during the night. Dark materials making up the buildings, impermeable soil and paved surfaces retain a majority of the solar energy. This allows for larger heat islands and increased thermal discomfort.
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contract that fosters unity among diverse individuals by establishing a sense of belonging and shared values. By prioritizing the development of public spaces alongside private endeavors, city planning can foster community cohesion, promote equitable access to resources, and contribute to the overall well-being and quality of life for residents, reinforcing the principles of social unity and collective progress.
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in urban areas can impact ambient temperature. When the vegetative surface is dark and dry it can reach 52 °C (126 °F), whereas when the land is light and moist it reaches 18 °C (64 °F). Water evaporation usually helps to release energy from vegetative surfaces to cool the surface
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are concentrated in urban areas and those immediately downwind, and often are more pronounced at night than during the day, rather than surrounding suburban and especially rural areas. The solar energy absorbed and produced from solar radiation and anthropogenic activity is partitioned accordingly:
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A significant global challenge that cities face today is the escalating urban heat island effect. This phenomenon refers to the elevated temperatures experienced in urban areas due to the cumulative impact of both natural and human-induced factors. Managing the thermal load becomes imperative to
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A considerable number of undergraduate minority students with STEM backgrounds have limited knowledge of remote sensing and its applications in geophysics. This inadequate exposure, awareness, understanding, and engagement hinder their exploration of innovative approaches to gather environmental
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Contemporary urban planning should transcend mere aesthetics achieved through private initiatives, recognizing the significance of inclusive and accessible public spaces. These shared spaces play a vital role in safeguarding the fundamental right to adequate housing for all. It entails a social
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As climate change becomes a pressing global issue, both global and local economies must adapt and innovate in their methodologies to foster sustainable practices and combat its effects. It is essential for them to embrace alternative approaches, such as renewable energy sources, eco-friendly
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In the pursuit of a forthcoming shift in energy sources, the pivotal role of natural elements within urban settings cannot be overstated. This involves tapping into the possibilities presented by solar radiation, wind patterns, as well as the thermal capacities inherent in soil and water.
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and thus vanishes from the surface immediately. Better understanding of urban temperature and water vapor contributions and/ or loss will reveal the reasons for lower relative humidity within cities, especially since relative humidity is dependent on temperature changes.
131:. This phenomenon can also be exacerbated when people release waste heat via heating and ventilating systems (e.g. air conditioners) and vehicular emissions. Expansion of these urban areas can lead to higher surface and air temperatures contributing to urban climate.
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in which winds are funneled between the structures. This effect can be exacerbated on longer streets with suitable buildings properly oriented to the wind direction. The gusty winds around buildings also leads to
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than the surrounding air because cities are hotter, and rainwater in cities is unable to be absorbed into the ground to be released into the air by
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above. But most hotspot locations have little greenery which influences the formation of urban heat islands. Darker man-made surfaces have a lower
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Additionally, it encompasses leveraging the influence of weather patterns, seasonal variations, and the presence of green spaces.
652:"The Effect of Increasing Surface Albedo on Urban Climate and Air Quality: A Detailed Study for Sacramento, Houston, and Chicago"
436:"Climate-Informed Planning through Mapping of Urban Thermal Load and Cooling Potential: Case of Tropical City of Bhopal"
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and heat capacity than natural surfaces allowing for increased photochemical reaction rates and absorption of
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and occupation alters the local thermal field resulting in the development of warmer regions known as
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greatly changes the form of the landscape, and also produces changes in an area's air. The study of
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Because cities are warmer, the warmer air is apt to rise, and if the humidity is high it can cause
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Blake, Reginald; Norouzi, Hamidreza; Azarderakhsh, Marzi; Bah, Abdou; Rivera, Julia (2023-07-16).
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are often lower in cities than the countryside because the buildings act as barriers (
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280:(in Swedish). No. 81. Stockholm. 2008. pp. 30–31. Archived from
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which encourages rain production and otherwise affect convection via
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624:"The Impact of Road Pavement on Urban Heat Island (UHI) Phenomenon"
696:"Climatology of Chicago Area Urban-Rural Differences in Humidity"
109:(UHIs). An urban heat island is a phenomenon where these surface
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published one of the first theories on the climate of cities.
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10.1175/1520-0450(1987)026<0427:cocaur>2.0.co;2
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Roesler, Sascha; Kobi, Madlen; Stieger, Lorenzo (2022).
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236:is usually taken up directly into the subterranean
180:Because of the warmer temperatures there is less
275:"Kungl. Vetenskapsakademiens årsberättelse 2007"
199:). On the other hand, tall buildings can act as
650:Akbari, Hashem; Jandaghian, Zahra (June 2018).
440:Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing
434:Barpete, Kruti; Mehrotra, Surabhi (July 2023).
162:Urban areas produce particles of dust (notably
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35:differs from that in neighboring
88:Role of remote sensing education
418:Urban Climate Change Crossroads
400:Urban Climate Change Crossroads
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216:Cities usually have a lower
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232:relative to rural areas.
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536:Paulino, Amanda (2017).
329:(1986). "Åke Sundborg".
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307:Cite magazine requires
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416:Sutto, Paola (2010).
398:Paola, Sutto (2010).
120:Surface reflectivity
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668:2018Clim....6...19J
477:. IEEE: 2329–2332.
332:Geografiska Annaler
238:sewage water system
166:) and these act as
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175:cloud microphysics
107:urban heat islands
692:Ackerman, Bernice
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262:References
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