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Females do have a more elaborate external sphincter muscle than males as it is made up of three parts: the sphincter urethrae, the urethrovaginal muscle, and the compressor urethrae. The urethrovaginal muscle fibers wrap around the vagina and urethra and contraction leads to constriction of both the
334:
Gupta S, Sharma R, Agarwal A, Parekh N, Finelli R, Shah R, Kandil H, Saleh R, Arafa M, Ko E, Simopoulou M, Zini A, Rajmil O, Kavoussi P, Singh K, Ambar RF, Elbardisi H, Sengupta P, Martinez M, Boitrelle F, Alves MG, Khalafalla K, Roychoudhury S, Busetto GM, Gosalvez J, Tadros N, Palani A, Rodriguez
195:
is a common problem related to the function of the urethral sphincter. Weak pelvic floor muscles, intrinsic sphincter damage, or damage to the surrounding nerves and tissue can make the urethral sphincter incompetent, and subsequently it will not close fully, leading to stress urinary incontinence.
148:
and external urethral sphincters function to prevent the release of urine. The internal urethral sphincter controls involuntary urine flow from the bladder to the urethra, whereas the external urethral sphincter controls voluntary urine flow from the bladder to the urethra. Any damage to these
1542:
335:
MG, Anagnostopoulou C, Micic S, Rocco L, Mostafa T, Alvarez JG, Jindal S, Sallam H, Rosas IM, Lewis S, AlSaid S, Altan M, Park HJ, Ramsay J, Parekattil S, Sabbaghian M, Tremellen K, Vogiatzi P, Gilani M, Evenson DP, Colpi GM (April 2022).
169:
and it wraps anteriorly around the urethra so when it contracts, it squeezes the urethra against the vagina. The external urethrae, like in males, wraps solely around the urethra.
82:: located at the bladder's inferior end and the urethra's proximal end at the junction of the urethra with the urinary bladder. The internal sphincter is a continuation of the
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23:
Dissection of prostate showing the fibers of the external sphincter surrounding the membranous urethra and partially cradling the inferior portion of the prostate.
641:
at Human
Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Muscles of the female urogenital diaphragm (deep perineal pouch) and structures located inferior to it."
121:) in males. It is a secondary sphincter to control the flow of urine through the urethra. Unlike the internal sphincter muscle, the external sphincter is made of
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In women, childbirth, obesity, and age can all be risk factors, especially by weakening the pelvic floor muscles. In men, prostate surgery (
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and inserts into the intermeshing muscle fibers from the other side. It is controlled by the deep perineal branch of the
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can occur in men when the internal urethral sphincter fails to adequately contract during ejaculation.
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153:. In males, the internal urethral sphincter has the additional function of preventing the flow of
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can happen when the urethra cannot hold the urine in as the bladder contracts uncontrollably.
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vagina and the urethra. The origin of the compressor urethrae muscle is the right and left
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Knowledge (XXG) articles incorporating text from the 20th edition of Gray's
Anatomy (1918)
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510:"Male Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Review of Surgical Treatment Options and Outcomes"
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337:"A Comprehensive Guide to Sperm Recovery in Infertile Men with Retrograde Ejaculation"
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Congenital abnormalities of the female urethra can be surgically repaired with
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266:. Edinburgh New York: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier. pp. 599–612.
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The urethral sphincter is considered an integral part of maintaining
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control. This is the primary muscle for prohibiting the release of
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Deep perineal fascia / superficial investing fascia (Gallaudet's)
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Maclean, Allan; Reid, Wendy (2011). "40". In Shaw, Robert (ed.).
188:, and it is important to understand its role in some conditions:
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Jung, Junyang; Ahn, Hyo Kwang; Huh, Youngbuhm (September 2012).
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Understanding differences and disorders of sex development (DSD
453:"Clinical and Functional Anatomy of the Urethral Sphincter"
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Sam, Peter; Jiang, Jay; LaGrange, Chad (31 October 2022).
74:. Activity in the nerve fibers constricts the urethra.
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66:The external urethral sphincter originates at the
592:"Urinary Incontinence in Men | Michigan Medicine"
303:"Anatomy, Abdomen and Pelvis, Sphincter Urethrae"
276:; Access provided by the University of Pittsburgh
210:can involve a malfunctioning urethral sphincter.
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59:. When either of these muscles contracts, the
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140:External sphincter muscle of female urethra
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136:External sphincter muscle of male urethra
111:male external sphincter muscle of urethra
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386:Atlas of Human Anatomy, Seventh Edition
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618:This article incorporates text in the
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113:(sphincter urethrae): located in the
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80:internal sphincter muscle of urethra
16:Muscles keeping urine in the bladder
1466:Inferior fascia (Perineal membrane)
457:International Neurourology Journal
53:female external urethral sphincter
14:
1445:Deep fascia of the penis (Buck's)
341:The World Journal of Men's Health
47:. The two muscles are either the
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1336:Superficial transverse perineal
1019:Extraglomerular mesangial cell
899:Intraglomerular mesangial cell
208:Neurogenic bladder dysfunction
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157:into the male bladder during
879:Glomerular basement membrane
243:Artificial urinary sphincter
130:Function and sex differences
35:used to control the exit of
1399:Superficial perineal fascia
233:Stress urinary incontinence
193:Stress urinary incontinence
144:In males and females, both
57:internal urethral sphincter
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1327:Superficial perineal pouch
917:Proximal convoluted tubule
436:: CS1 maint: postscript (
388:. Philadelphia: Elsevier.
286:: CS1 maint: postscript (
133:
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1112:Internal urethral orifice
1089:Median umbilical ligament
996:Juxtaglomerular apparatus
469:10.5213/inj.2012.16.3.102
423:; Access provided by the
384:Netter, Frank H. (2019).
305:. StatPearls Publishing.
1366:Deep transverse perineal
944:Distal convoluted tubule
639:Anatomy figure: 41:06-04
622:from the 20th edition of
425:University of Pittsburgh
90:, therefore it is under
820:Peritubular capillaries
1045:Ureteropelvic junction
949:Collecting duct system
732:medullary interstitium
220:Retrograde ejaculation
86:muscle and is made of
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1414:in scrotum and penis:
1009:Juxtaglomerular cells
572:www.urologyhealth.org
180:Clinical significance
22:
1457:Urogenital diaphragm
1428:Deep perineal fascia
167:inferior pubic ramus
151:urinary incontinence
149:muscles can lead to
1371:Urethral sphincters
1357:Deep perineal pouch
1317:Urogenital triangle
1172:Lacunae of Morgagni
1117:Urethral sphincters
527:10.1155/2012/287489
514:Advances in Urology
353:10.5534/wjmh.210069
115:deep perineal pouch
29:urethral sphincters
596:www.uofmhealth.org
238:Membranous urethra
186:urinary continence
119:membranous urethra
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413:. Basel: Karger.
409:Hiort, O (2014).
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780:Renal artery
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981:Major calyx
976:Minor calyx
769:Circulation
264:Gynaecology
159:ejaculation
92:involuntary
1537:Categories
927:Descending
869:Glomerulus
835:interlobar
825:Vasa recta
815:Renal vein
790:interlobar
601:2020-04-14
577:2020-04-14
520:: 287489.
249:References
1442:in penis:
1152:prostatic
1121:External
1014:Mesangium
894:Mesangium
785:segmental
776:Arteries
536:1687-6369
477:2093-4777
432:cite book
282:cite book
96:autonomic
1548:Perineum
1269:Internal
1264:External
1238:Perineum
1230:perineum
1137:Internal
1078:(female)
884:Podocyte
840:efferent
805:afferent
727:pyramids
554:22649446
495:23094214
371:34169680
311:29494045
227:See also
146:internal
84:detrusor
55:and the
31:are two
1558:Urethra
1527:Anatomy
1226:Muscles
1104:Urethra
1094:Trigone
1055:Bladder
1037:Ureters
852:Nephron
830:arcuate
795:arcuate
759:Nephron
722:Medulla
705:Capsule
685:Kidneys
545:3356867
486:3469827
362:8987146
316:3 April
61:urethra
45:urethra
39:in the
33:muscles
1513:Portal
1389:Fascia
1300:Middle
1162:spongy
1130:female
811:Veins
715:column
710:Cortex
700:Fascia
693:Layers
628:(1918)
552:
542:
534:
493:
483:
475:
417:
392:
369:
359:
309:
270:
107:female
739:Sinus
155:semen
100:urine
37:urine
1125:male
744:Lobe
550:PMID
532:ISSN
518:2012
491:PMID
473:ISSN
438:link
415:ISBN
390:ISBN
367:PMID
318:2023
307:PMID
288:link
268:ISBN
202:TURP
138:and
105:The
78:The
49:male
27:The
1228:of
540:PMC
522:doi
481:PMC
465:doi
357:PMC
349:doi
109:or
94:or
51:or
1539::
594:.
570:.
548:.
538:.
530:.
516:.
512:.
489:.
479:.
471:.
461:16
459:.
455:.
434:}}
430:{{
365:.
355:.
345:40
343:.
339:.
326:^
284:}}
280:{{
200:,
176:.
161:.
1515::
1447:)
1440:(
1419:)
1412:(
1218:e
1211:t
1204:v
668:e
661:t
654:v
604:.
580:.
556:.
524::
497:.
467::
440:)
398:.
373:.
351::
320:.
290:)
102:.
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