334:
strongly acidic conditions and performs best in a well-drained soil. It requires a reasonably high rainfall, though it can endure dry spells, with 1000 mm or more being preferable. It requires a well prepared seed bed but light disc harrowing gives good results. Although it responds well to light, with light intensity increasing yields, it can also be planted for grazing under coconut plantations. Optimum growth occurs at 33/28 °C day/night with a minimum temperature of 19 °C.
37:
400:
model cereals, in the fact that it has a relatively small genome, it enables genome analysis initiatives to support future breeding. There is potential here to diversify pasture and develop new cultivars of the species. Recent research has shown developed markers that are readily suitable for analysis and there is a promising future for research into this crop.
399:
General knowledge is keeping this forage crop from wider and better usage around the world. Due to the almost complete lack of information that currently exists regarding Congo grass and its genome, there is little to support breeding programs for the crop. But because Congo grass is similar to other
305:
is a tufted grass, that grows as a creeping perennial with short rhizomes that form a dense leafy cover over the ground. Stems of the plant arise from many-noded creeping shoots and short rhizomes and then when fully grown reach a height of 1.5 m when flowering. The leaves of this grass are soft but
382:
could have significant advantages to poor farmers. It is a very palatable crop with as well as having an overall digestibility of 55–75%. For ruzi grass hay that was cut 45 days after seeding in northeast
Thailand, the in vitro dry matter digestibility, crude fibre, and neutral detergent fibre were
351:
Although it is able to form a dense ground cover to compete with weeds, Congo Grass is susceptible to certain pests and diseases. It is severely attacked by the spittlebug who cause significant damage to the plant in
Tropical America affecting the development and persistence of the plants. As well
333:
Congo grass can be established from seed which is inexpensive although it needs to be stored for six months after harvest. Alternatively the grass can be established vegetatively from stem cuttings with root nodes. It requires light soils with moderately to high fertility though it does not tolerate
293:
that is grown throughout the humid tropics. With fast growth at the beginning of the wet season due to strong seedling vigour, ease of establishment, good seed production and yield and the ability to suppress weeds it has the ability to become developed into the most important forage crop planted in
369:
Congo Grass can be used as both a permanent or semi-permanent grass for pastures. It can be used to graze animals on or for cutting for green feed and conservation. This forage crop is found across much of the humid tropics through South
America, Africa and Southeast Asia. Congo grass is a valuable
412:
with legumes can significantly affect the production levels of the crop. Studies have shown that plots planted with legumes showed a boost in total dry matter production of 524%. Not only does it increase production but the nitrogen fixing capacities of legumes offers a much cheaper alternative to
360:
Currently the only cultivar is the
Kennedy Ruzi which can be found in both Thailand and Australia. It performs well on the wet tropical coast and has a high seed yield. Very little breeding has occurred current, but research into microsatellite markers could lead to further developments in genetic
342:
Congo grass does have certain stress tolerances that are disadvantages to poor farmers and breeding these out in the future would add significant value to this crop. It demands a relatively high fertility soil for good growth as well as adequate fertiliser use if there is persistent grazing or
306:
hairy, with an average width of 15mm, length of 25mm and a seed weight of 250,000/kg. The seeds should be drilled into a well prepared seed bed, sowing in rows that are spaced 60 cm apart and it can be grazed upon as soon as it is ready.
317:
has numerous common names that it is known by throughout the world including Congo grass, Congo signal, Congo signal grass, Chinese cabbage, Kennedy ruzi, Kennedy ruzigrass, prostrate signal grass, ruzi, ruzigrass, and ruzi grass.
343:
cutting of the crop. Heavy frosts will kill this crop and a light frost will make future regrowth very slow. Congo grass flourishes well in a well drain soil and has a poor tolerance to floods and heavy rains.
294:
the tropics. With the aid of genomic tools to research the genotype and gain more information there is the ability to increase breeding programs which are currently rather limited.
391:
Congo grass has an important role as a forage crop and significant value can be added by increases crop yields and working on breeding out certain susceptibilities to pests.
936:
383:
61%, 80.5%, and 72.8% respectively. Nutrient values include 0.43g/100g
Calcium, 0.22g/100g Phosphorus, 2.4g/100g Potassium, 0.1g/100g Sodium, 0.28g/100g Magnesium.
321:
Native to
Burundi, Rwanda and eastern DR Congo, from which it derives its common name, this forage crop has now been naturalised throughout the humid tropics. Four
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884:
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With large proportions of the tropics grazing their cattle, a forage crop like this that proves better than most other species of the genus
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the plant seeds are known to be affected by the fungus
Sphacelia in the Congo.
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species now cover as much as 85% of the cultivated pastures of Brazil.
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obtained by partial genome assembly of illumine single-end reads"
582:"Impact of the Spittlebug Mahanarva spectabills on Signal Grass"
631:
473:"Development and validation of microsatellitte markers for
526:
Miles, J. W.; Maass, B. L.; do Valle, C. B., eds. (1996).
555:
Heuzé V., Tran G., Boval M., Maxin G., Lebas F., 2017.
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810:
640:
8:
529:Brachiara: biology, agronomy and improvement
289:, is a species of forage crop in the family
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628:
575:
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567:, a programme by INRA, CIRAD, AFZ and FAO.
20:
607:
597:
502:
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445:Schultze-Kraft, R; J.K. Teitzel (1992).
361:stocks and diversification of the crop.
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436:
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428:
426:
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580:Teixeria Resende, R; A. Auad (2012).
7:
310:History, geography and ethnography
14:
451:Plant Resources of Southeast Asia
1110:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:300915-2
981:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:393001-1
774:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:974586-1
269:(R.Germ. & C.M.Evrard) Crins
239:(R.Germ. & C.M.Evrard) Ndab.
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347:Major weeds, pests and diseases
1:
471:Silva, P; A. Martins (2013).
395:Constraints to wider adoption
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191:
184:
169:
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32:Scientific classification
30:
23:
586:Scientific World Journal
447:"Brachiaria ruziziensis"
494:10.1186/1471-2164-14-17
413:expensive fertilizers.
374:Nutritional information
812:Brachiaria ruziziensis
559:Brachiaria ruziziensis
475:Brachiaria ruziziensis
370:forage for ruminants.
244:Brachiaria ruziziensis
404:Practical information
216:Brachiaria bequaertii
365:Uses and consumption
285:, commonly known as
266:Urochloa ruziziensis
232:Brachiaria decumbens
224:Brachiaria decumbens
599:10.1100/2012/926715
261:(Stapf) R.D.Webster
329:Growing conditions
258:Urochloa decumbens
1164:Grasses of Africa
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1145:
634:Taxon identifiers
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277:
270:
262:
254:
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228:
220:
212:
204:
200:Brachiaria eminii
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338:Stress tolerance
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16:Species of grass
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672:Urochloa eminii
670:
669:
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642:Urochloa eminii
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626:
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579:
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571:
554:
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470:
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458:
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410:Urochloa eminii
406:
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389:
376:
367:
358:
349:
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315:Urochloa eminii
312:
303:Urochloa eminii
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282:Urochloa eminii
274:
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195:
180:
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173:Urochloa eminii
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158:
34:
25:Urochloa eminii
17:
12:
11:
5:
1177:
1175:
1167:
1166:
1161:
1151:
1150:
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1136:wfo-0000884058
1127:
1114:
1101:
1088:
1075:
1062:
1049:
1039:
1023:
1021:
1019:Panicum eminii
1015:
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1011:
1007:wfo-0000854234
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985:
972:
959:
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920:
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881:
868:
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800:wfo-0000906815
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356:Genetic stocks
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155:U. eminii
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557:Congo grass (
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539:958-9439-57-8
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179:(Mez) Davidse
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164:Binomial name
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62:Tracheophytes
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203:(Mez) Robyns
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141:
94:
81:
68:
55:
24:
18:
1159:Panicoideae
730:iNaturalist
666:Wikispecies
453:(4): 65–67.
298:Description
287:Congo grass
236:ruziziensis
131:Panicoideae
127:Subfamily:
101:Commelinids
75:Angiosperms
1153:Categories
968:kew-399739
963:Plant List
657:Q21304303)
565:Feedipedia
417:References
323:Brachiaria
252:C.M.Evrard
1034:Q39536584
898:GrassBase
827:Q15509403
748:1078134-2
387:Economics
149:Species:
45:Kingdom:
1123:25526763
1118:Tropicos
1084:300915-2
1028:Wikidata
994:25510776
989:Tropicos
942:10424386
929:393001-1
903:imp01503
821:Wikidata
787:25552767
782:Tropicos
651:Wikidata
618:22927790
513:23324172
408:Pairing
380:Urochloa
186:Synonyms
142:Urochloa
117:Family:
88:Monocots
1071:5947081
890:2705866
859:Ecocrop
709:4150772
609:3425814
592:: 1–6.
504:3565986
291:Poaceae
137:Genus:
121:Poaceae
107:Order:
49:Plantae
1097:792156
1042:APDB:
955:509667
835:APDB:
761:785151
735:867499
722:411944
683:235520
680:APDB:
616:
606:
536:
511:
501:
487:: 17.
250:&
219:Robyns
111:Poales
1058:4CDM7
1045:58434
937:IRMNG
877:BRARU
838:54140
696:7DTNP
248:Germ.
234:var.
227:Stapf
95:Clade
82:Clade
69:Clade
56:Clade
1105:POWO
1092:ITIS
1079:IPNI
1066:GBIF
976:POWO
950:ITIS
924:IPNI
916:7570
911:GRIN
885:GBIF
872:EPPO
851:MSJR
769:POWO
756:ITIS
743:IPNI
717:GRIN
704:GBIF
614:PMID
590:2012
534:ISBN
509:PMID
194:List
1131:WFO
1053:CoL
1002:WFO
864:543
846:CoL
795:WFO
691:CoL
604:PMC
594:doi
499:PMC
489:doi
211:Mez
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