517:. The use of oars and sails as power led to a divergence between “long ships” (primarily oared vessels, faster, more manoeuvrable but requiring a large crew) and “round ships” (primarily sailed, slower and less handy but requiring a relatively small complement) Long ships were more suited to warfare, though they were also employed carrying messages,
38:
Ship: generic term for sea-going vessel; as opposed to “boat” (p165) In strict maritime usage a particular type of vessel (ie. Ship-rigged) 'but this narrow definition did not, even in the Age of Sail, invalidate the generic use of the term to encapsulate all types of sea-going vessels' and early
459:
Sailing ship is the generic term for a sea-going vessel, as opposed to a boat. in strict maritime usage a sailing ship is a particular type of vessel, one that is ship-rigged, but this narrow definition, even in the Age of Sail, did not invalidate the generic use of the term and encapsulated all
648:
During this period warships were simply merchant ships filled with soldiers, and battles at sea were rare, due to the difficulties in finding, and then engaging, an enemy. Sea battles that did take place were often near the shore, and devolved into hand-to-hand fighting as with land battles. An
412:
313:
39:
boats developed into 'planked craft on an essential framework of stem and stern pieces fixed to a keel with ribs to support the two sides; this is in its essentials the form in which ships are still constructed today' (p166) From Ian Dear, Peter Kemp :
280:
379:
346:
146:
There is no universal definition of what distinguishes a ship from a boat. Ships can usually be distinguished from boats based on size and the ship's ability to operate independently for extended periods. A legal definition of ship from
728:
The 19th century saw the last development of the sailing ship, as the advent of steam power threatened the end of sail as a means of propulsion. To build on sails main advantage over steam, that of endurance over long distances, the
248:
489:
More than 4000 years ago, humans had already developed ships and boats for the purposes for which they are used today; for fishing, for transporting goods and people along or across/rivers and seas, for warfare, and for leisure.
896:
527:. Round ships were cargo vessels, though they could be filled with soldiers or serve as transports in wartime. Little firm evidence remains of this type, and our best evidence from the period is that of the
668:
called up for service, but in later, in the 17th century states began to create dedicated fighting forces, doing away with the need to rely on armed merchant ships. These warships, intended to fight in
174:. American and British 19th Century maritime law distinguished "vessels" from other craft; ships and boats fall in one legal category, whereas open boats and rafts are not considered vessels.
737:, both iron-hulled with multiple masts and sails, continued to operate into the late 19th century, while smaller sailing ships, engaged in the coastal trade, continued into the 20th. The
590:) for transport and for trade. The knarr was an open vessel, with a single mast and sail and had its equals throughout Northern Europe. It was superseded in the 11th century by the
661:
saw the advantage shift towards smaller, more manoeuvrable sailers armed with long range cannon over the large galleons filled with soldiers seeking to board and capture.
717:
were indistinguishable from warships, and could carry up to 50 guns. During this period little change took place in sailing ship design, save for the development of
411:
Williams, Charles
Frederic (1895), "Vessel", in Merrill, John Houston; Williams, Charles Frederic; Michie, Thomas Johnson; Garland, David Shephard (eds.),
677:) were generally ship-rigged vessels of varying sizes, mounting between 50 to 100 guns, while smaller general purpose ships of 20 to 50 guns, called
552:) to help handling. Steering was by two stereing oars at the stern. Such ships were at the mercy of the elements and contemporary writers, such as
864:
850:
836:
822:
791:
389:
356:
323:
290:
260:
226:
115:, carrying passengers or goods, or in support of specialized missions, such as defense, research and fishing. Historically, a
478:
441:
67:) is a sailing vessel that carries three or more masts with square sails on each. Large sailing vessels that are not
881:
594:, a decked vessel with a capacious hold; it too was clinker-built, with a single mast and sail. The cog required a
571:
in 1571. The round ship evolved into the sailing ship of later centuries, and served as both merchant and warship.
433:
762:
755:
710:
560:
tells us he was shipwrecked three times (“once spending a day and a night in the deep”) on his early journeys.
876:
502:
535:
598:
for loading and unloading, so its development paralleled that of port facilities across the region.
563:
The long ship evolved into the galley and continued in use, particularly in the Med throughout the
657:
led to some changes in tactics, but it was not until the 16th century that the battles around the
417:, The American and English Encyclopædia of Law, vol. 28, Edward Thompson Company, p. 440
714:
546:. It had a single mast, with a single square sail, but mounted a bowsprit with a small sail (the
171:
154:
is a vessel that carries goods by sea. A common notion is that a ship can carry a boat, but not
886:
891:
860:
846:
832:
818:
787:
674:
665:
634:
568:
474:
437:
430:
The
Illustrated Dictionary of Boating Terms: 2000 Essential Terms for Sailors and Powerboaters
385:
352:
319:
286:
256:
222:
681:, carried out other duties. Navies also had auxiliary vessels built with a variety of rigs;
182:
116:
17:
742:
741:
saw the loss of many sailing ships, and the last sail warships, in the form of the German
738:
702:
650:
633:, an enlarged carrack with a similar rig but carvel-built. The galleon in turn led to the
693:. The armed merchant ship remained a feature of the period, carrying protection against
670:
658:
642:
514:
167:
127:
706:
622:
498:
494:
351:. Reeds Marine Engineering and Technology. Vol. 13. A&C Black. p. 784.
609:, with two or three lateen-rigged masts. In the Atlantic this innovation led to the
746:
682:
528:
120:
47:
629:
having the lateen sail. From the carrack the need for oceanic vessels led to the
602:
564:
539:
523:
506:
178:
68:
734:
690:
591:
574:
In
Northern Europe the outstanding mariners of the early Middle Ages were the
198:
124:
108:
88:
84:
718:
698:
618:
614:
701:, or extending a nations influence through organizations like the various
686:
548:
414:
The
American and English Encyclopædia of Law: Utmost care to Watercourses
190:
186:
151:
131:
112:
72:
185:
was a sailing vessel with at least three square-rigged masts and a full
730:
678:
638:
630:
610:
606:
575:
557:
553:
510:
751:
694:
654:
626:
580:
194:
76:
601:
In the
Mediterranean the development during the 14th century of the
1031:
lose cutter, fishing smack, lugger, luzzu, wa kaulua, for definite;
501:. These were wooden ships, similar in design to their river craft,
595:
586:
543:
148:
92:
556:, who left a graphic account of storm and disaster at sea, while
142:
135:
99:
80:
60:
613:, an enlarged version of the cog with three or four masts, the
505:
and powered by oar and sail. This pattern was repeated by the
722:
518:
315:
Maritime Sniper Manual: Precision Fire from
Seaborne Platforms
267:'Ship' means any vessel used for the carriage of goods by sea.
71:
may be more precisely referred to by their sail rig, such as
1265:
1166:
1046:
912:
111:
that travels the world's oceans and other sufficiently deep
59:
is any large wind-powered vessel. Traditionally a sailing
538:, with a length three to four times its width, and a high
158:. A US Navy rule of thumb is that ships heel towards the
664:
During this period the majority of fighting ships were
189:; other types of vessel were also defined by their
567:; the last major conflict between galleys was at
493:The earliest sea-going vessels were those of the
345:Ridley, Jonathan; Patterson, Christopher (2014).
584:) for exploration and for war, and round ships (
255:. Universal Law Publishing. 2009. p. 1168.
221:pp. 6-7, Transportation Trails, Polo, IL, 1994.
162:of a sharp turn, whereas boats heel towards the
1034:koch, ljotter also (mis-designated in articles)
219:Square Riggers in the United States and Canada,
43:(? date) SBN 0 19 211663 0 / pbk 0 19 282012 5
810:(1975) Hamish Hamilton, London SBN 241 02251 7
637:, with square-rigged fore and main masts, and
521:and valuable cargo; an example was the Greek
8:
725:, giving a further improvement in handling.
578:, who had their equivalent long ships (the
384:. Cambridge University Press. p. 454.
381:Hydrodynamics of High-Speed Marine Vehicles
645:replacing the lateen for manoeuvrability.
138:, based on size, shape and load capacity.
134:. Ships are generally distinguished from
312:Jonsson, Fredrik; Plaster, John (2010).
166:because of the relative location of the
857:Ship: 5,000 Years of Maritime Adventure
806:Michael Brown, Graham Humphreys :
775:
348:Ship Stability, Powering and Resistance
282:101 Amazing Facts about Ships and Boats
210:
827:Roger Hainsworth, Christine Churches:
784:Ship 5,000 years of maritime adventure
898:pre-15th C round ship, from Black Sea
7:
815:Pocket Oxford Guide to Sailing Terms
471:Pocket Oxford Guide to Sailing Terms
41:Pocket Oxford Guide to Sailing Terms
285:. Andrews UK Limited. p. 35.
24:
1107:hermaphrodite brig = vessel, ship
973:hermaphrodite brig = vessel, ship
859:(2004) National Maritime Museum
786:(2004) National Maritime Museum
1097:fully rigged ship = vessel, ship
963:fully rigged ship = vessel, ship
428:Rousmaniere, John (June 1998).
878:round ship at Oxford Reference
605:, to aid handling, led to the
1:
1055:Barquentine = vessel (?=ship)
948:cutter = watercraft, sailboat
921:Barquentine = vessel (?=ship)
485:Evolution of the sailing ship
813:Ian Deer, Peter Kemp :
653:, in 1347. The invention of
534:The Roman merchant ship was
469:Ian Deer, Peter Kemp :
253:Wharton's concise dictionary
1337:
1131:Ship of the Line = warship
1006:wa kaulau = voyaging canoe
997:Ship of the Line = warship
829:The Anglo-Dutch Naval Wars
434:W. W. Norton & Company
378:Faltinsen, Odd M. (2005).
1003:ljotter = ship (? = boat
883:PP&P ?self-published
279:Goldstein, Jack (2014).
752:submarine decoy vessels
79:(also spelled "bark"),
841:Richard Humble :
1052:Barque = vessel, ship
979:koch = ship (? = boat
918:Barque = vessel, ship
1094:fluyt = vessel, ship
1064:brigantine = vessel,
1015:yacht = boat or ship
960:fluyt = vessel, ship
957:fishing smack = boat
930:brigantine = vessel,
238:Cutler 1999, p. 620.
123:with at least three
1134:snow = vessel, ship
1000:snow = vessel, ship
460:sea-going vessels.
1295:(not in old list)
1280:hermaphrodite brig
1270:(not in new list)
1079:corvette = warship
1058:bilander =ship (?)
945:corvette = warship
924:bilander =ship (?)
845:(2004) Silverdale
715:East India Company
172:center of buoyancy
1323:
1322:
1257:
1256:
1208:fully-rigged ship
1158:
1157:
1143:windjammer = ship
1128:schooner = vessel
1088:frigate = warship
1037:dhow, yacht maybe
1024:
1023:
1009:windjammer = ship
994:schooner = vessel
954:frigate = warship
675:ships of the line
666:armed merchantmen
635:fully-rigged ship
495:Ancient Egyptians
318:. Paladin Press.
143:Ship#Nomenclature
1328:
1266:
1236:Ship of the line
1167:
1047:
913:
893:cog & galley
794:
780:
673:, (and known as
448:
447:
425:
419:
418:
408:
402:
401:
399:
398:
375:
369:
368:
366:
365:
342:
336:
335:
333:
332:
309:
303:
302:
300:
299:
276:
270:
269:
245:
239:
236:
230:
217:Parker, Dana T.
215:
183:full-rigged ship
18:User:Moonraker12
1336:
1335:
1331:
1330:
1329:
1327:
1326:
1325:
1324:
1263:
1258:
1164:
1159:
1116:longship = ship
1044:
1025:
982:longship = ship
910:
905:
873:
803:
798:
797:
781:
777:
772:
763:Mary B Mitchell
743:commerce raider
739:First World War
713:or the British
703:India companies
697:, or acting as
649:example was at
487:
466:
457:
452:
451:
444:
436:. p. 174.
427:
426:
422:
410:
409:
405:
396:
394:
392:
377:
376:
372:
363:
361:
359:
344:
343:
339:
330:
328:
326:
311:
310:
306:
297:
295:
293:
278:
277:
273:
263:
247:
246:
242:
237:
233:
216:
212:
207:
145:
102:
50:
37:
34:
29:
22:
21:
20:
12:
11:
5:
1334:
1332:
1321:
1320:
1316:
1315:
1312:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1292:
1291:
1290:
1287:
1284:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1255:
1254:
1250:
1249:
1246:
1243:
1240:
1237:
1234:
1231:
1228:
1220:
1219:
1218:
1215:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1194:
1191:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1176:
1165:
1163:
1162:List from text
1160:
1156:
1155:
1151:
1150:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1138:
1135:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1120:
1117:
1114:
1111:
1108:
1105:
1104:Galleon = ship
1100:
1099:
1098:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1073:clipper = ship
1071:
1070:carrack = ship
1068:
1067:caravel = ship
1065:
1062:
1061:brig = vessel,
1059:
1056:
1053:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1039:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1022:
1021:
1017:
1016:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1001:
998:
995:
992:
989:
986:
983:
980:
977:
974:
971:
970:Galleon = ship
966:
965:
964:
961:
958:
955:
952:
949:
946:
943:
940:
939:clipper = ship
937:
936:carrack = ship
934:
933:caravel = ship
931:
928:
927:brig = vessel,
925:
922:
919:
911:
909:
906:
904:
901:
900:
899:
894:
889:
884:
879:
872:
869:
868:
867:
855:Brian Lavery:
853:
839:
831:(1998) Sutton
825:
811:
802:
799:
796:
795:
782:Brian Lavery:
774:
773:
771:
768:
750:, and British
671:line of battle
659:Spanish Armada
641:mizzen with a
486:
483:
482:
481:
465:
462:
456:
453:
450:
449:
442:
420:
403:
390:
370:
357:
337:
324:
304:
291:
271:
261:
240:
231:
209:
208:
206:
203:
168:center of mass
121:sailing vessel
33:
30:
28:
25:
23:
15:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1333:
1319:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1305:East indiaman
1304:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1296:
1293:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1273:
1272:
1271:
1268:
1267:
1260:
1253:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1232:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1224:
1221:
1216:
1213:
1211:East Indiaman
1210:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1189:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1172:
1169:
1168:
1161:
1154:
1148:
1145:
1142:
1139:
1136:
1133:
1130:
1127:
1124:
1121:
1118:
1115:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1103:
1102:
1101:
1096:
1093:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1081:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1069:
1066:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1054:
1051:
1050:
1049:
1048:
1041:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1029:
1028:
1020:
1014:
1011:
1008:
1005:
1002:
999:
996:
993:
990:
987:
985:lugger = boat
984:
981:
978:
975:
972:
969:
968:
967:
962:
959:
956:
953:
951:dhow = vessel
950:
947:
944:
941:
938:
935:
932:
929:
926:
923:
920:
917:
916:
915:
914:
907:
902:
897:
895:
892:
890:
888:types of ship
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
874:
870:
866:
865:1 4053 1154 1
862:
858:
854:
852:
851:1 85605 881 6
848:
844:
843:Naval Warfare
840:
838:
837:0 7509 1787 3
834:
830:
826:
824:
823:0 19 282012 5
820:
816:
812:
809:
808:Sailing Ships
805:
804:
800:
793:
792:1 4053 1154 1
789:
785:
779:
776:
769:
767:
765:
764:
759:
758:
753:
749:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
726:
724:
720:
716:
712:
709:of the Dutch
708:
707:East Indiamen
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
667:
662:
660:
656:
652:
646:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
623:square-rigged
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
599:
597:
593:
589:
588:
583:
582:
577:
572:
570:
566:
561:
559:
555:
551:
550:
545:
541:
537:
532:
530:
526:
525:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
503:clinker-built
500:
499:Mediterranean
496:
491:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
467:
463:
461:
454:
445:
439:
435:
432:(Paperback).
431:
424:
421:
416:
415:
407:
404:
393:
391:9780521845687
387:
383:
382:
374:
371:
360:
358:9781408176146
354:
350:
349:
341:
338:
327:
325:9781610046695
321:
317:
316:
308:
305:
294:
292:9781783335251
288:
284:
283:
275:
272:
268:
264:
262:9788175347830
258:
254:
250:
244:
241:
235:
232:
228:
227:0-933449-19-4
224:
220:
214:
211:
204:
202:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
175:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
150:
144:
139:
137:
133:
129:
126:
125:square-rigged
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
101:
96:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
49:
44:
42:
36:A definition:
31:
26:
19:
1317:
1294:
1269:
1251:
1245:sloop of war
1222:
1170:
1152:
1146:xebec = ship
1027:Therefore,
1026:
1018:
1012:xebec = ship
988:luzzu = boat
908:Current list
856:
842:
828:
814:
807:
801:Bibliography
783:
778:
761:
756:
745:
727:
663:
647:
600:
585:
579:
573:
562:
547:
536:carvel-built
533:
522:
492:
488:
470:
458:
429:
423:
413:
406:
395:. Retrieved
380:
373:
362:. Retrieved
347:
340:
329:. Retrieved
314:
307:
296:. Retrieved
281:
274:
266:
252:
243:
234:
218:
213:
176:
163:
159:
155:
140:
104:
97:
64:
56:
53:sailing ship
52:
48:Sailing ship
45:
40:
35:
27:Sailing ship
1202:barquentine
1171:(civilian)
1125:pink = ship
1042:Edited list
991:pink = ship
817:(1987) OUP
603:lateen sail
565:Middle Ages
524:penteconter
507:Phoenicians
473:(1987) OUP
179:Age of Sail
170:versus the
130:and a full
107:is a large
69:ship-rigged
63:(or simply
1299:Round ship
1248:Bomb ketch
1217:windjammer
1196:brigantine
1175:round ship
1110:junk =ship
1076:cog = ship
976:junk =ship
942:cog = ship
754:, such as
735:windjammer
719:stay-sails
699:privateers
619:main masts
479:0192820125
455:Definition
443:0393339181
397:2016-12-15
364:2016-12-15
331:2016-12-15
298:2016-12-15
199:brigantine
156:vice versa
109:watercraft
89:brigantine
85:barkentine
757:Inverlyon
639:topsailed
497:, in the
113:waterways
51:A modern
1274:bilander
1261:Problems
1227:longship
1223:(naval)
1205:schooner
747:Seeadler
733:and the
679:frigates
625:and the
513:and the
191:sailplan
187:bowsprit
152:case law
132:bowsprit
73:schooner
57:sailship
1239:frigate
1214:clipper
1199:barque,
1190:galleon
1187:carrack
1184:caravel
770:Sources
731:clipper
691:ketches
643:spanker
631:galleon
627:mizzens
611:carrack
607:caravel
576:Vikings
569:Lepanto
558:St Paul
554:St Luke
549:artemon
511:Minoans
205:Sources
201:, etc.
193:, e.g.
177:In the
160:outside
1318:
1308:drekar
1252:
1230:drekar
1153:
1019:
903:Tables
863:
849:
835:
821:
790:
705:. The
695:piracy
683:sloops
655:cannon
621:being
581:drekar
529:Romans
515:Greeks
509:, the
477:
464:Source
440:
388:
355:
322:
289:
259:
249:"Ship"
225:
195:barque
164:inside
149:Indian
119:was a
117:"ship"
77:barque
1314:ketch
1311:sloop
1302:knarr
1277:fluyt
1193:brig,
1178:knarr
871:Links
687:brigs
651:Sluys
615:fore-
596:wharf
587:knarr
544:stern
141:From
136:boats
128:masts
98:from
93:sloop
46:From
32:Terms
16:<
1289:snow
1286:pink
1283:junk
1242:brig
861:ISBN
847:ISBN
833:ISBN
819:ISBN
788:ISBN
760:and
723:jibs
721:and
617:and
542:and
540:stem
519:VIPs
475:ISBN
438:ISBN
386:ISBN
353:ISBN
320:ISBN
287:ISBN
257:ISBN
223:ISBN
181:, a
105:ship
100:Ship
81:brig
65:ship
61:ship
1181:cog
711:VOC
592:cog
91:or
55:or
1233:--
766:.
689:,
685:,
531:.
265:.
251:.
197:,
103:A
95:.
87:,
83:,
75:,
1149:x
1140:x
1137:x
1122:x
1119:x
1113:x
1091:x
1085:x
1082:x
446:.
400:.
367:.
334:.
301:.
229:.
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