49:. The USA railroad system had been build mainly by imported Chinese labor, but then became unwelcome competition. Anti-Chinese opinion was strengthened by images of "yellow fiends" corrupting white women and the youth. Few white middle-class (WASP) Americans smoked opium, but used beverages laced with the drug. Anti-opium campaigners thought that any recreational use of opium was "not at all consistent with their duties as Capitalists or Christians."
39:
83:
p. 21: In the USA, the Pure Food Act of 1906, which may be the first domestic legislation influenced by international concerns, required precise labeling of all products that contained narcotic drugs and their derivatives, and those that contained cannabis. In 1909 a Act banned the importing of opium
52:
p. 17-18: The population of China widely used opium in the nineteenth century, and the UK made large profits from importing opium into China, and frustrated the
Chinese authorities' attempts to control the use of the drug. Opinion within the UK turned against this trade, an Anglo-Oriental Society for
61:
p. 18-19, 23: The USA's earlier efforts to build up trade with China had not been very successful, and had slightly antagonized the
Chinese government. The Americans calculated that campaigning against the opium trade would make the USA the Chinese government favorite trading partner and weaken the
57:
adopted a resolution that the Indo-Chinese opium trace was "morally indefensible." These actions did not extend into an energetic global campaign. America campaigners, influenced by reports from missionaries working in the Far East, thought it their moral duty to eradicate the "opium
42:- David R. Bewley-Taylor - 2001 - edition: reprint - Continuum International Publishing Group - 9780826458131 - pp. 242 - ch. Drug prohibition in the United States and the evolution of international narcotic control, 1909-1945 - ch. 1 pp. 16
91:
vice ... has proved to be the creator of criminals and unusual forms of violence, and it has been a potent incentive in driving the humbler negroes all over the country to abnormal crimes."
98:, which took effect on March 1, 1914, aimed to "prohibit the importance of opium for other than medical purposes" and "regulate the manufacture of smoking opium within the United States."
73:, who believed in the superiority of the Anglo-Saxon race, strove to "free" the colony from opium smoking. Prompted by this and other rhetoric of the time the
126:- Joseph D. McNamara - Hoover Digest - 2004 - no. 2 - Hoover Institution, Stanford University - "Why the drug war has amounted to one long and costly mistake"
54:
77:
passed an Act in 1905, implemented in 1908, to impose an absolute prohibition against the use of opium in the
Philippines.
74:
106:
21:
87:
p. 23: The 1910 report to the US Senate on the
International Opium Commission mentioned that "the
70:
123:
130:
45:
p. 17: In the USA the first legislation, in individual states, was passed in 1875 and targeted
102:
95:
17:
66:
88:
53:
the
Suppresion of the Opium Trade was formed in 1874, and in 1905 the
46:
80:
p. 19-20: In 1900 the USA contained about 250,000 opium addicts.
109:
131:
http://origin.www.gpoaccess.gov/constitution/pdf2002/036.pdf
40:
The United States and international drug control, 1909-1997
8:
69:in 1898, and a few years later President
7:
28:
1:
149:
67:acquired the Philippines
75:United States Congress
107:Eighteenth Amendment
124:The American Junkie
71:Theodore Roosevelt
36:Criminalization:
140:
101:p. 26: The 1919
55:House of Commons
148:
147:
143:
142:
141:
139:
138:
137:
65:p. 19: The USA
33:
26:
25:
24:
12:
11:
5:
146:
144:
136:
135:
134:
133:
127:
118:
117:
116:
115:
114:
113:
110:
99:
94:p. 25-26: The
92:
85:
81:
78:
63:
62:UK's position.
59:
50:
32:
29:
27:
15:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
145:
132:
128:
125:
122:
121:
120:
119:
111:
108:
105:enforced the
104:
100:
97:
93:
90:
86:
84:into the USA.
82:
79:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
51:
48:
44:
43:
41:
38:
37:
35:
34:
30:
23:
19:
103:Volstead Act
96:Harrison Act
18:User:Philcha
112:resume 32
58:menace."
20: |
89:cocaine
31:Sources
22:Sandbox
47:opium
16:<
129:[
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