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public high schools in suburban
Wisconsin, found that nearly three out of four high school students identified as being at-risk for having a mental health problem were not in treatment at the time of screening. Of those students identified as at-risk, a significant majority (76.3 percent) completed at least one visit with a mental health provider within 90 days of screening. More than half (56.3 percent) received minimally adequate treatment, defined as having three or more visits with a provider, or any number of visits if termination was agreed to by the provider.
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health evaluation by a health professional. The program focuses on providing screening to young people in the 11-18 age range. Since 2003, the program has been offered nationally in schools, clinics, doctors' offices and in youth service environments such as shelters and juvenile justice settings. As of August 2011, more than 2,000 primary care providers, schools and community-based sites in 46 states offer adolescent mental health screening through the TeenScreen
National Center. In addition, the screening was also being provided in other countries including
159:, led by the director of the university's Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, David Shaffer, MD. The goal was to make researched and validated screening questionnaires available for voluntary identification of possible mental disorders and suicide risk in middle and high school students. These questionnaires include the Columbia Suicide Screen that was researched and developed at Columbia University. Schools and communities using the TeenScreen program began screening adolescents in 1999. In 2003, the
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screening instruments. These add to statements and recommendations to screen adolescents for mental illness from the
American Medical Association (AMA), the Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine, the American Academy of Family Physicians and the National Association of Pediatric Nurse Practitioners. TeenScreen has been endorsed by a number of organizations, including the National Alliance for the Mentally Ill, and federal and state commissions such as the New Freedom Commission.
179:(SAMHSA)'s National Registry of Evidence-based Programs and Practices as a scientifically tested and reviewed intervention. In 2009, the organization launched TeenScreen Primary Care to increase mental health screening by pediatricians and other primary care providers. The launch of the initiative coincided with increasing support for adolescent mental health screening from health and medical organizations. In the same year the
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researched and validated questionnaires, instructions for administering, scoring and interpreting the screening responses. Primary care program materials include information on primary care referrals for clinical evaluation. In the school and community setting, the screening process is voluntary and requires active parental consent and participant assent prior to the screening session.
122:. The program was developed at Columbia University in 1999, and launched nationally in 2003. Screening is voluntary and offered through doctors' offices, schools, clinics, juvenile justice facilities, and other youth-serving organizations and settings. As of August 2011, the program has more than 2,000 active screening sites across 46 states in the
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as being at possible risk for suicide or other mental health concerns is then assessed by a health or mental health professional. The result of this assessment determines whether the adolescent should be referred for mental health services. If this is the case, parents are involved and provided with help locating the appropriate mental health services.
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launched an inquiry into the funding of health advocacy groups by pharmaceutical, medical-device, and insurance companies. The TeenScreen
National Center was questioned in the first stage of the inquiry but was not included in the second round as it had demonstrated to Senator Grassley's satisfaction
290:
Recommendations endorsing adolescent mental health screening have been issued by the
Institute of Medicine (IOM) and the U.S. Preventative Services Task Force (USPSTF). The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends assessment of mental health at primary care visits and suggests the use of validating
232:
The validated questionnaires include items about depression, thoughts of suicide and attempts, anxiety, and substance use. The screening questionnaires typically take up to 10 minutes for an adolescent to complete. Once the responses to the questionnaire have been reviewed, any adolescent identified
277:
A study published in 2011, involving 2,500 high school students, examined the value of routine mental health screening in school to identify adolescents at-risk for mental illness, and to connect those adolescents with recommended follow-up care. The research, conducted between 2005 and 2009 at six
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has opposed screening programs such as TeenScreen on the grounds that they negate parental rights, are not supported by evidence that suicide attempts are reduced and also may lead to overmedication of young people. The TeenScreen
National Center has also been opposed by groups who claim that the
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on the impact of suicide screening on high school students in New York State from 2002-2004. The study found that students who were given a questionnaire about suicide were no more likely to report suicidal thoughts after the survey than students in the control group who had not been questioned.
199:
The mission of the TeenScreen
National Center is to expand and improve the early identification of mental health problems in youth. In particular, TeenScreen aims to find young people at risk of suicide or developing mental health disorders so that they can be referred for a comprehensive mental
281:
A separate study published in 2011, found that mental health screening was effective at connecting
African-American middle school students from a predominantly low-income area with school-based mental health services. Researchers have also found evidence to support the addition of mental health
261:
Studies have been conducted on the effectiveness and impact of mental health screening for young people. In a 2004 systematic evidence review, the U.S. Preventive
Services Task Force found that there were no studies that addressed whether screening as part of primary care reduced morbidity and
307:
In 2005, TeenScreen was criticized following media coverage of a suit filed a local screening program in
Indiana by the parents of a teenager who had taken part in screening. The suit alleged that the screening had taken place without parents' permissions. The complaint led to a change in how
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TeenScreen provides materials, training and technical help through its TeenScreen Primary Care and Schools and Communities programs for primary care providers, schools and youth-serving organizations that want to offer mental health screening to adolescents. A toolkit is provided, including
250:, who launched a "Call to Action" in 1999 encouraging the development and implementation of safe, effective school-based programs offering intervention, help and support to young people with mental health issues. TeenScreen is included as an evidence-based program in the U.S.
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Neither was there any greater risk for "high risk" students. A subsequent study by the researchers, in 2009, found that screening appeared to increase the likelihood that adolescents would receive treatment if they were at risk for mental health disorders or suicide.
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mortality, nor any information of the potential risks of screening. In a later review, published in 2009, the task force found that there was evidence supporting the efficacy of screening tools in identifying teenagers at risk of suicide or mental health disorders.
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The organization launched a national initiative to offer voluntary mental health screening to all U.S. teens in 2003. The following year, TeenScreen was approved for inclusion in the national Suicide Prevention Resource Center's (SPRC) list of
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As of 2011, the program is led by executive director Laurie Flynn, deputy executive director Leslie McGuire and scientific advisor Mark Olfson, M.D., alongside a National Advisory Council of healthcare professionals, educators and advocates.
167:, identified the TeenScreen program as a "model" program and recommended that adolescent mental health screening become common practice in the early identification and assessment of mental health disorders in youth.
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Williams, SB; O'Connor, E; Elder, M; Whitlock, E (April 2009). "Screening for Child and Adolescent Depression In Primary Care Settings: A Systematic Evidence Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force".
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parental consent was handled by TeenScreen sites. In 2006, the program's policy was amended so that active rather than passive consent was required from parents before screening adolescents in a school setting.
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Gould M, Marrocco F, Kleinman M, Thomas J, Mostkoff K, Cote J, Davies M. (2005). "Evaluating iatrogenic risk of youth suicide screening programs: A randomized controlled trial."
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There is opposition to mental health screening programs in general and TeenScreen in particular, from civil liberties, parental rights, and politically conservative groups. Rep.
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risk screening initiative for middle- and high-school age adolescents. The organization operates as a center in the Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department at
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Husky, Mathilde M.; Kanter, DA; McGuire, Leslie; Olfson, Mark (May 2011). "Mental Health Screening of African American Adolescents and Facilitated Access to Care".
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Gould, MS; Marrocco, FA; Hoagwood, K; Kleinman, M; Amakawa, L; Altshuler, E (December 2009). "Service use by at-risk youths after school-based suicide screening".
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254:(SAMHSA)'s National Registry of Evidence-based Programs and Practices as a scientifically tested and reviewed intervention. In addition, the
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Husky, MM; Miller, K; McGuire, L; Flynn, L; Olfson, M (2011). "Mental health screening of adolescents in pediatric practice".
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Allen, Patricia L.; McGuire, Leslie (2011). "Incorporating mental health checkups into adolescent primary care visits".
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recommended in 2009 that mental health screening for teenagers be integrated into routine primary care appointments.
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recommended that annual adolescent mental health screening be incorporated into routine primary care and the
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619:"Screening for Suicide Risk: A Systematic Evidence Review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force"
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Kaplan, Arline (1 March 2006). "Battling a National Killer: TeenScreen Aims To Prevent Teen Suicide".
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suicide prevention programs. In 2007, it was included as an evidence-based program in the U.S.
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Husky, Mathilde M.; Sheridan, Marian; McGuire, Leslie; Olfson, Mark (September 2011).
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Vanderwerf, Linda (7 July 2011). "County studying two new mental health initiatives".
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Franck, Matthew (13 December 2005). "Screenings prompt fears of false labels".
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Mental health screening has been endorsed by the former U.S. Surgeon General
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TeenScreen National Center for Mental Health Checkups at Columbia University
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screenings for adolescents while undergoing routine physical examinations.
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organization is funded by the pharmaceutical industry. In 2011, Senator
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that it does not receive funding from the pharmaceutical industry.
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Achieving the Promise: Transforming Mental Health Care in America.
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The TeenScreen program was developed by a team of researchers at
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Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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Journal of American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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Final Report. DHHS Pub. No. SMA-03-3832. Rockville, MD: 2003.
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National Registry of Evidence Based Programs and Practice
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National Registry of Evidence-Based Programs and Practice
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Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
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Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
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Dejka, Joe (16 September 2008). "Can test save lives?".
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