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the word "colonization". And also in
Ethiopian context if you use the term "colonization" for Abysinia expansion then it will guarantee the use of the term "colonization" on Oromo's 16th century expansion meaning instead of using "Oromo expansion" then we will be using "Oromo colonization of 16th centuary" i.e. if Absynian expansion was regarded as a colonization. For both expansions terms like "expansion" or "conquest" are more appropriate.
170:: the map was used because it shows the teritories and their most likely possible locations based on Richard Pankhurst book titled "The Ethiopian borderlands". Considering most geography descriptions of 15th centuary's world historical maps we expect some errors for Horn of Africa as well. Please match the territories with Richard's book and if there is any territory placed in wrong place then let's discuss about it.
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expansion was documented by pro and anti
Abysinan empire which qualify the sources varied and independent. Please have a look at the book titled "Futuh Al-Habasha: The Conquest of Abyssinia (Futuh Al-Habasa)" written by Gragn Mohamed's Arab chroniclers and Histroians confirming the Oromo expansion. When they list the people they conquered in centeral, west & north of presntday Ethiopia they didn't mention those
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when the books were referenced in a way it can easily be confirmed directly from the books by other
Knowledge (XXG) users. Personally I beleive Oromo's were in Horn of Africa (southern tip of presentday Ethiopia and northern tip of presentday Kenya) for a thousand or even 4 or 5 thousand years since the creation of Oromo language.
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As for the claim of "colonization" it also has no independent reference for either the defination of "colonization" or it's application in
Ethiopian empire building. For instance Alexander the great conquered from Greek all the way upto India and when you see his page under wikipedia it does not have
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You have to have books written by independent
Historians (non Abysinian and non Oromo) to claim Oromo expanion that was documented in 100s of books as a fabrication or myth, and for that reason and until you will find books then i think it should not be included in Knowledge (XXG) as per it's policy.
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As for your new statement added, it was extracted exclusively from Gadaa.com and within it, it includes books as references. Most of the books used under Gadaa.com article tries to prove that Oromos were in East Africa (Horn of Africa) and those sources are very helpful and i think should be included
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Please also note the Yejju Oromo dynasity who dominated
Amharas & Tigrayans and other Oromo nobles greatest influence in the empire between 1720s upto 1974 which makes the Abysinian empire as a multiethnic nation serving the interest of the multiethnic rulling classes and their subjects. For the
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Besides Oromo expansion was not proven not just by
Abysinianas but also it's rivals who conquered it or wish to conquer it at that time such as "Gragn Mohamed" and his Arab Muslim historians as well as the Portugese who wanted to colonize and covert Abysinians to Islam and catholic followers. Oromo
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However, the gadaa.com article doesnot have references to it's claim of "16th centuary Oromo expansion is a fabrication and myth" i.e. Oromos expansion into centeral, western & northern part of presentday
Ethiopia or the ancient Bali sultanate and historically recorded territories north of it.
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As per the
Knowledge (XXG) Objective all the statement written under "Oromo origins" were referenced. The reference used were reliable independent European Historians and are listed below. They are attached with a link where the statement is extracted so please have a look at them
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Therefore all the statements are based on the three sources i.e. the above two books and
Knowledge (XXG)'s list of Oromo subgroups and clans and it fulfills wikipedias policy. If you have reasons for why it should not be included under Oromo people please lets discuss about it.
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https://books.google.com.et/books?id=xmp2lsKlqx0C&pg=PA253&dq=%22the+oromo+increased+their+numbers+through%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CBsQ6AEwAGoVChMImZrHhMr5yAIVwm8UCh0unweD#v=onepage&q=%22the%20oromo%20increased%20their%20numbers%20through%22&f=false
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Based on the above book we tried to list indigenous states & peoples from another Independent European Historian Richard Pankherest and all about the kingdoms were extracted from his book from various pages so also please have a look at them
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from the copyright holder. While we appreciate your contributing to Knowledge (XXG), there are certain things you must keep in mind about using information from your sources to avoid copyright or plagiarism issues here.
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Also note that Knowledge (XXG) articles may not be copied or translated without attribution. If you want to copy or translate from another Knowledge (XXG) project or article, you can, but please follow the steps in
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or anyother people who follow Gada system but instead they recorded people who has kingdoms, sultanates and non of the oromo clans founded in Presentday Oromia region were recorded.
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Being and Becoming Oromo: Historical and Anthropological Enquiries. By Paul Trevor William Baxter, Jan Hultin, Alessandro Triulzi. Nordic Africa Institute (1996) pp. 253–256
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we concluded that today the old ancient kingdoms and place names listed under Richard Pankhurst book were no more used and are indeed replaced with the clan names.
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The Ethiopian Borderlands: Essays in Regional History from Ancient Times to the End of the 18th Century. Richard Pankhurst The Red Sea Press (1997) pp. 35–300
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role of Oromos within the Abysinian empire upto 1974 please see Fikre Tolosa's article titled "Nobles of Oromo Descent Who Ruled Ethiopia" in this link
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be able to license that text so that we can publish it here. However, there are steps that must be taken to verify that license before you do. See
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It's very important that contributors understand and follow these practices, as policy requires that people who persistently do not must be
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https://books.google.com.et/books?id=zpYBD3bzW1wC&q=Gafat&source=gbs_word_cloud_r&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false
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