Knowledge

User talk:Kaptinavenger

Source đź“ť

352:
revelation is the universe itself - the creation of the cosmos of which we are all a part. I have read the Bible cover to cover at least 4 times (It may be 5 times I ave lost count) and I have read many sections of it many more times than this. It is the Universe that is the only creation I believe that cannot be decieved as it is the repository of ultimate truth. Our beliefs about the universe, however, and all human endeavours are frought with errors, we are a finite species individually and collectively, and history shows that our beliefs have changed throughout history. For example, if the Bible is inerrant in its totality then what are we to make of the commandments in Exodus? For example Exodus 21:17 states "Whoever curses his father or mother shall be put to death". Exodus 22:18 states "You shall not permit a witch to live". As a result of these two verses, throughout history children and innocent women have been killed. In fact they are still are being killed for this in Africa. Children whose parents are dying from AIDs in Africa, are accused of having been witches who have cursed their parents, and have been put to death within fundamentalist circles. This to me is an abomination. We can only understand the text of the Bible in its context, and the context in which Exodus was written was during the Babylonian captivity of the Jews in southern Iraq, before they returned to Israel Palestine to build the second temple. It was a highly misogynistic patriarchal culture in which your children and wives were seen as your possession, and all kinds of horrors were allowed. Thank goodness our secular modern world is more civilised.
224:
the Latin "evolvere" meaning to unrol. Thus evolution means to unroll what was rolled up. It can be said that your life is an evolution, the development of the potential that you had as a child, or even further back, as a fertilised egg at conception. Our culture too is evolving, we do not live the same kind of life that our great grandparents did. To say that evolution does not exist, as creationists do is to misunderstand what evolution is. Evolution in this way is an undisputable fact. Secondly creationists then take this one step further and say OK, "looking at evolution in this way, of course evolution hapens, I am referring to biological evolution". But even here there are problems. Biological evolution as "growth to maturity and development of an individual living thing" has been in use in English since the 1660s. You are evolving all the time. You are not the same person this evening as you were this morning. Over 70% of your body is water, and you replace every molecule of that water within a month. You eat 2.5 tonnes of food a year, and you only stay at constant weight because you shed the same amount all the time. This change leads to your evolution. So then we need to be specific and speak only of "Darwinian evolution". But Darwin did not like using the word evolution. Used in this way, in Biology, Charles Darwin used the word only once, in the closing paragraph of "The Origin of Species" (1859). He preferred the term "descent with modification". And here too creationists can have no argument. You have descended from your parents and grandparents. You are not identical to them. Of course you have been modified.
477:
history of man's awful interpretation of the word. I agree men do abominable things in the name of God, and I think those who are burning witches for Christ should see what He said concerning the stoning of a certain prostitute. I also shudder to think of, what would be, had God been more lenient way back when. I believe in the infallibility of God's Word, though not subscribing to any single translation and I often believe in multiple interpretations. Sometimes you can say a thing two or three ways and be right every time. Other times you can say a thing two or three ways and be right none at all. And still yet you can say a thing two or three ways and be right in one way or two ways and wrong in the other(s). I rarely find studying God's Word simple. Though it is always easier to follow than Hawkins. And I believe in a fallen state. I believe the ability to interpret and understand anything has been compromised at least to some extent.
376:"But as to the fable that there are Antipodes, that is to say, men on the opposite side of the earth, where the sun rises when it sets to us, men who walk with their feet opposite ours that is on no ground credible. And, indeed, it is not affirmed that this has been learned by historical knowledge, but by scientific conjecture, on the ground that the earth is suspended within the concavity of the sky, and that it has as much room on the one side of it as on the other: hence they say that the part that is beneath must also be inhabited. But they do not remark that, although it be supposed or scientifically demonstrated that the world is of a round and spherical form, yet it does not follow that the other side of the earth is bare of water; nor even, though it be bare, does it immediately follow that it is peopled." 445:
people, even well educated people, believed the world was a flat disc under a starry firmament, where te sun went around the Earth. This was the best scientific understanding there at that time. If you take a text out of its context you have a pretext, and unfortunately that is what creationists are doing. Evolution is as true as a spherical Earth, so big for us is really a tiny dot in a universe that is enormous. The universe did not begin about 6000 years ago but began with the origins of space and time 13.73 + or - 120 million years ago. The sun does not go around the Earth but around the centre of the Milky Way galaxy of more than 200 billion suns. The more than 30 million species of life on earth were not created in 6 days, but over more than 3.6 billion years.
405:
called The inconsistency of Modern Astronomy and its Opposition to the Scripture. In 1877 the fundamentalist John Hampden produced a book called "A New Manual of Biblical Cosmography" showing a flat earth in which the sun goes around the Earth. Rowbotham also produced studies that purported to show that the effects of ships disappearing below the horizon could be explained by the laws of perspective in relation to the human eye. In 1883 he founded Zetetic Societies in England and New York, to which he shipped a thousand copies of his Astronomy. Challenges were issued in the New York Daily Graphic offering $ 10,000 to charity to anyone proving the Earth revolved on an axis.
228:
that are "yours"! Creationists would argue that every one of these species were separately created as it states in the Bible, within 6 days of creation. And they believe that because they believe that every word in the Bible is literal then that is how it happened. But this is to put the Bible into a straight-jacket and do violence to the texts. The Bible is full of poetry, legend, metaphor, argument, history, geography, superstition, theology, apologetics, and much much more. In fact it is not really a book, but is more like a Lbrary of books! To say that it has to be believed literally is not what the writers of the Bible intended.
389:
it is only if the world was a falttened disc, as Genesis asserts, that Jerusalem can have been the centre. The Egyptian monk Cosmas Indicopleustes (547) in his Topographia Christiana, where the Covenant Ark was meant to represent the whole universe, argued on theological grounds that the Earth was flat, a parallelogram enclosed by four oceans. In his Homilies Concerning the Statutes St. John Chrysostom (344–408) explicitly espoused the idea, based on his reading of Scripture, that the Earth floated on the waters gathered below the firmament, and St. Athanasius (c. 293 – 373) expressed similar views in Against the Heathen.
370:"But if you inquire from those who defend these marvellous fictions, why all things do not fall into that lower part of the heaven, they reply that such is the nature of things, that heavy bodies are borne to the middle, and that they are all joined together towards the middle, as we see spokes in a wheel; but that the bodies that are light, as mist, smoke, and fire, are borne away from the middle, so as to seek the heaven. I am at a loss what to say respecting those who, when they have once erred, consistently persevere in their folly, and defend one vain thing by another." 433:
the natural world and argued that one could not be a Christian and believe the Earth is a globe. Well-known members included E. W. Bullinger of the Trinitarian Bible Society, Edward Haughton, senior moderator in natural science in Trinity College, Dublin and an archbishop. She repeated Rowbotham's experiments, generating some interesting counter-experiments, but interest declined after the First World War. The movement gave rise to several books that argued for a flat, stationary earth, including Terra Firma by David Wardlaw Scott.
1384:: articles from magazines or newspapers (particularly scholarly journals), or books by recognized authors (basically, books by respected publishers). Online versions of these are usually accepted, provided they're held to the same standards. User generated sources (like Knowledge) are to be avoided. Self-published sources should be avoided except for information by and about the subject that is not self-serving (for example, citing a company's website to establish something like year of establishment). 1055:, and in particular the section marked 'Wikietiquette': "Avoid personal attacks against people who disagree with you; avoid the use of sarcastic language and stay cool." If you persist in hectoring other participants in the discussion, I shall consider reporting the matter, and requesting that you be topic banned from the discussion. The only issue the discussion should concern itself with is whether the article complies with Knowledge policy. 429:"Professor" Joseph W. Holden of Maine, a former justice of the peace, gave numerous lectures in New England and lectured on flat Earth theory at the Columbian Exposition in Chicago. His fame stretched to North Carolina where the Statesville Semi-weekly Landmark recorded at his death in 1900: 'We hold to the doctrine that the earth is flat ourselves and we regret exceedingly to learn that one of our members is dead'. 1223: 1332:. Knowledge is not concerned with facts or opinions, it just summarizes reliable sources. Real scholarship actually does not say what understanding of the world is "true," but only with what there is evidence for. In the case of science, this evidence must ultimately start with physical evidence. In the case of religion, this means only reporting what has been written and not taking any stance on doctrine. 441:
taken three feet above the waterline to prove his point. When the airship Italia disappeared on an expedition to the North Pole in he warned the world's press that it had sailed over the edge of the world. He offered a $ 5,000 award for proving the Earth is not flat, under his own conditions. Teaching a globular Earth was banned in the Zion schools and the message was transmitted on his WCBD radio station.
1781: 1487: 1278: 1420: 1150: 595: 528: 23: 412:"There are rivers that flow for hundreds of miles towards the level of the sea without falling more than a few feet — notably, the Nile, which, in a thousand miles, falls but a foot. A level expanse of this extent is quite incompatible with the idea of the Earth's convexity. It is, therefore, a reasonable proof that Earth is not a globe." 495:
replaced by the gods of The Axis and Marx. Humanism and godlessness are replacing Biblical principles. I don't want to blame science, I love science. But when I ask disbelievers "Why?" it is never because of something said in the Bible that has offended, but is almost always something like "because I believe in science".
393:"travels through the northern parts as if hidden by a wall". Bishop Isidore of Seville (560 – 636) taught in his widely read encyclopedia, the Etymologies diverse views such as that the Earth was a flat disc "resembles a wheel". In this he resembled the pre-Socratic Anaximander who referred to a flat disc-shaped Earth. 418:"If the Earth were a globe, a small model globe would be the very best — because the truest — thing for the navigator to take to sea with him. But such a thing as that is not known: with such a toy as a guide, the mariner would wreck his ship, of a certainty!, This is a proof that Earth is not a globe." 482:
I do believe the authors of the Bible were often writing things they could not have known themselves. One small example is the prophecy in Revelation when, then, it did appear the Bible was talking about flat earth "all of humankind shall witness the events of the last days simultaneously" but was in
440:
In the 20th century Wilbur Glenn Voliva, who in 1906 took over a Pentecostal sect that established a utopian Chrstian fundamentalist community at Zion, Illinois, preached flat Earth doctrine from 1915 onwards and used a photograph of a twelve mile stretch of the shoreline at Lake Winnebago, Wisconsin
436:
At the beginning of the 20th century during his solo circumnavigation of the world, Joshua Slocum encountered a group of flat-Earthers in Durban, South Africa. Three Boers, one of them a clergyman, presented Slocum with a pamphlet based upon scripture in which they set out to prove that the world was
408:
William Carpenter, a printer originally from Greenwich, England, supported Rowbotham and published Theoretical Astronomy Examined and Exposed – Proving the Earth not a Globe in eight parts from 1864 under the name Common Sense. Basing his theories on scripture he later emigrated to Baltimore where he
396:
Kapitanavenger - in fact it was only the rediscovery of the works of Aristotle in the Middle Ages that convinced most learned people that the world was truly spherical. That so many people had asserted that it was truly flat, based upon taking scripture out of its Iron Age context, caused a conflict
358:
You mentioned that Christians were the only ones to believe in a round Earth. This is not true. In fact it was the ancient Greeks since Pythagorus who have believed in a spherical Earth, and in fact Eratosthenes of Alexandria had calculated its circumference to a surprising degree of accuracy. For
444:
Kapitanavenger, such it is easy to laugh at such fundamentalist views, but they all do something that many fundamentalists do. They take the scritpures out of their context. The bulk of the scritpures of the Old Testament, as I have shown, were written in Babylonia, and in Babylon at the time most
432:
After Rowbotham's death, Lady Elizabeth Blount created a flat Earth Society in 1893 in England and created a journal called Earth not a Globe Review, which sold for twopence, as well as one called Earth, which only lasted from 1901 to 1904. She held that the Bible was the unquestionable authority on
404:
For example English writer Samuel Rowbotham (1816–1885), writing under the pseudonym "Parallax," produced a pamphlet called Zetetic Astronomy in 1849 arguing for a flat Earth and published results of many experiments that tested the curvatures of water over a long drainage ditch, followed by another
494:
I have grave concern for the move in public schools towards Secularism. Like the Romans, America is choosing to defend her city's with the gods of her defeated enemies. The God of Truman, and Reagan (though I am sure they differed greatly in their religion I little doubt they shared a God) is being
488:
And some of the discoveries in science of the last century are evidence of the Bible's truth. Like the distance of Eta Carinae at 7500 ly. A little coincidental, the amount of light that has gotten to the earth. Or Relativity, without mass - no energy, this is a problem for ex nihilo, though rather
448:
If you do not believe that the creation is the primary revelation you are worshipping a false god. You have replaced god with a book that was written at a place and at a time, and by taking it out of that context you can justify almost anything. Including killing children and witches. It includes
388:
Furthermore Cosmas Indicopleustes' world picture was of a flat earth in a Tabernacle, with the proportions according to scripture. In the Mddle Ages, for example many TO Maps were produced in which it was Jerusalem that was the Centre of the Earth. Now if the Earth is a sphere this is impossible,
231:
We need evolution. You need evolution, you need to grow and develop and change in your life. Evolution is in the Bible itself. The bible, and our understanding of it, is evolving all the time. Your world is very different than the world that the Bible writers lived in. Your world is round, the
963:
This isn't a court room, its an encylipedia and if an article of a real encyclipdia was being considered for removal, while the author, coauthor, editor, and coeditor were still on staff, wouldn't they get a chance to chime in? My canvasing note was simple and balanced. Just a memo of the vote. Do
770:
There are two completely separate issues. The first is that you are saying Dougweller is using a bot, which you haven't explained. Independent of that, there is a second issue: as I said at the AfD page, even if you notified every single person appearing in the article history, without leaving any
692:
The only canvasing I have done has been down the list with no review of editors contributions the only people I skipped are those I suspect of using bots and having no interest in the article at all, and those whose talk pages say to leave alone or something to that effect. Why are you so ready to
452:
As I said before, I respect your fundamentalism, even if I know it to be wrong. I don´t believe you will change your beliefs unless you were to engage in the kind of religious, historical and scientific studies I have been involved in over the last forty eight years. As my mother used to say, "A
227:
What creationists have difficulty with is that science has demonstrated a different way that "species" were created than their scriptures say. There are about 3-30 million species on this planet. Most are bacteria, in fact there are more bacerial cells in your body right now than there are cells
223:
I agree with the response of the writer who said this was not a general forum for discussion on this question, but I agree your question is an important one. Firstly, amongst fundamentalist Christians there is a great ignorance about the nature of evolution. Firstly the word evolution comes from
500:
When the Bible is taken out of the science classroom a vacuum is made. I can understand not wanting to depend on the Bible for all the answers, but what are the students being made to study instead? Is the Big Bang, or upward evolution less religious or more scientific than the Bible? And are the
392:
For example Diodorus of Tarsus (d. 394) argued for a flat Earth based on scriptures; however, Diodorus' opinion on the matter is known to us only by a criticism of it by Photius. Severian, Bishop of Gabala (d. 408), wrote that the Earth is flat and the sun does not pass under it in the night, but
351:
You confessed to being a fundamentalist who believes the Bible to be inerrant. I want you to know although I am what I would call a post-Christian, having been baptised and confessed as a child, my deep studies into Christianity, history and science have led me to the certainty that the primary
262:
their spots (evolve). But I do not believe a reptile laid a bird egg. Nor that life sprung from the goo. Nor that the universe started from a laws of physics deifying, anti entropy having, Imaginary time big bang. Seriously google "Imaginary time" its what Hawking believes in over the Bible SMH.
261:
I know what Darwinists teach about Creationists. I am a creationist. And a fundamental Christian. I believe the Bible is true. I also believe in gradual changes over time. I just don't think those changes can make the leap from say fish to frog. I understand that over generations dogs can change
1107:
You're free to delete my comments. You are not free to move my signed comments elsewhere as if there were posted there. Article talk pages are for discussing article changes, not your misuse of article talk pages. You can delete my comments, but you can't misrepresent my signed comments. That's
476:
John, hello, you may call me Jon, kaptinavenger is a handle I chose twenty years ago (at age ten) when captainavenger was already taken :). Thank you for you'n your letter, I love history, and reason. I had not known how recently flat earth was being preached. Hilarious and tragic. I accept the
400:
Thank Goodness in the far west these views never gained sway. With the Carolignian Renaissance under Charlemagne, particularly under the influence of writers like Bede the Earth was argued to be round, like a ball, as he put it. By the 11th century, as a result of European science discovering
1669:
Mr. N, please accept my apology, for my rude language, bad attitude, and short temper. For what its worth, Respect is due for your contributions to Knowledge, and your intelligence, as clearly made evident by your work. I do not believe there is any excuse for my rude behavior, particularly on
826:
Do you understand that the set of editors that are invested in an article is not a neutral set of editors for that article? When there is a court case involving a certain company, it's not proper to stack the jury with employees of that company. We seek disinterested jurors, not interested
362:
This was held for a long time by certain Christians who literally did believe that the world was a flat circular disk, and not a sphere, based upon the verse that you mentioned. The Book of Revellations claimed for instance that all of humankind shall witness the events of the last days
366:
In Book III of The Divine Institutes, for instance, Lactantius ridicules the notion that there could be inhabitants of the antipodes "whose footsteps are higher than their heads." After presenting some arguments he attributes to advocates for a spherical heaven and Earth, he writes:
421:
John Jasper, the black ex-slave preacher said to have preached to more people than any Southern clergyman of his generation, echoed his friend Carpenter's sentiments in his most famous sermon "Der Sun do move and the Earth Am Square", preached over 250 times always by invitation.
725:
I explained this at AfD. Choosing a set of editors to notify is called canvassing. You are choosing the set of editors who edited the article. That set of editors is not a neutral set of editors. You are choosing a non-neutral set of editors. That is canvassing. Final warning.
605: 425:
In Brockport, N.Y, in 1887, M.C. Flanders argued the case of a flat Earth for three nights against two scientific gentlemen defending sphericity. Five townsmen chosen as judges voted unanimously for a flat Earth at the end. The case was reported in the Brockport Democrat.
786:
Doug, the only administrator to tag the page, got a personal note on his talk page. And where is it written "if you notified every single person appearing in the article history, without leaving any one out, that would still be a problem." I think you have a problem with
193:. This is a very contentious topic on Knowledge (and online in general), where people from different backgrounds freely mingle. I very much don't agree with your point of view, but I particularly think we should establish a reasonable discussion. Please take a look at 483:
fact referring to the telecommunication revolution of the late twentieth century. People thought they would be looking UP simultaneously, today we know they will be looking down (at their phones!) simultaneously. Something the author should not have known about.
1572:
With all do respect, I accept that on an Important, Religious Article's talk page, I have called a Man, a Bigot, and a Liar. I do understand the block. I would like to keep using this site. I believe I can show more discipline, and patience while editing,
1344:. If a source makes a small claim and presents two larger counter claims, the material it supports should present one claim and two counter claims instead of presenting the one claim as extremely large while excluding or downplaying the counter claims. 257:
My question is meant to be asking are there any other Origin belief systems? Or does anyone believe in something other than creation and evolution. Using the term "Creation" to mean God made it and "Evolution" to mean the common ancestry of all life.
382:"It is too absurd to say, that some men might have taken ship and traversed the whole wide ocean, and crossed from this side of the world to the other, and that thus even the inhabitants of that distant region are descended from that one first man." 265:
Also so you know until proven by Columbus, Bible believers were the only people who believed the earth was round. Isaiah 40:21-22—“the circle of the earth.” Many Darwinists and anti-Christians are to eager to lie about what the Bible really says.
1673:
Clearly, my post, that I think has started this dispute(About evolution and big bang and imago de, still fairly posted), was spread to far, and/or not worded right. I do understand it is my job to post the right questions in the right places.
401:
Islamic Astronomy (most of the named stars still have Arabic names), it was taken for granted that the world was spherical and not flat, but there are still, even today, fundamentalists who deny the spherical Earth on the basis of scrpture.
1179: 557: 1670:
article's and their parts, nor any personal references I have made towards you at all. I also understand that "My" personal point of view, what ever it is on what ever topic, should not be reflected in the article because I think so.
232:
Earth goes around the sun, and the sun circles the milky way which is just one of billions of billions of galaxies in the universe. To the people who wrote the Bible the Earth was the centre of the universe - a very different world.
1185: 563: 741:
Again I say the only people I skipped are those I suspect of using bots and having no interest in the article at all, and those whose talk pages say to leave alone or something to that effect. Why are you so ready to accuse?
1680:
Forgive my lack of experience, I feel new. My first edit(HC way back when) rash, and I had thought that commonly accepted applied to recent events. I am learning and apologize if it has been seen as wasting your time.
363:
simultaneously. It was argued by early Christians that this was only possible if the earth was flat as otherwise the people living in the antipodes could not see what was happening elsewhere in the heavens.
929:"We seek disinterested jurors" means you hope editors of this article wont take interest, because an article you didn't help make, and don't care to edit, implies something that offends your sensitivities? 1192:
This will automatically insert a signature with your username or IP address and the time you posted the comment. This information is necessary to allow other editors to easily see who wrote what and when.
570:
This will automatically insert a signature with your username or IP address and the time you posted the comment. This information is necessary to allow other editors to easily see who wrote what and when.
201:- you are very much in risk of breaking that "bright line" rule. The previous title has been around for months at a time - the world will not end if it stays a few more hours while we discuss the issue. -- 308:. There is a huge variety of different narratives, not all of which involve conscious creation by a higher being (and even fewer have an omnipotent deity create the world ex-nihilo). Also relevant is the 220:
You asked "I am curious, has anyone proposed an origin of life other than creation or evolution? Or are these the only two choices? --Kaptinavenger (talk) 03:53, 7 February 2015 (UTC)"
31: 288:. I don't think Lamarck speculated about the actual origin of life, but nor did Darwin. Darwin expressed his views about "the origin of species", but not about the origin of life. 385:
Leo Ferrari has recently shown from many of Augustine's passing references to the physical universe that he believed in an essentially flat Earth "at the bottom of the universe".
1400:
NeilN is generally following these policies and guidelines, and your requests generally fall short of them. Your accusations as to who is or is not Christian doesn't matter,
1792: 1154: 532: 355:
Christianity has distorted the teachings of Jesus by taking them out of their original context. I could give you hundereds of examples, but those two are good enough.
1239: 856:
It is OK to notify the originator of an article as well as prolific editors of an article, but going through all editors as you have been doing is not appropriate.
312:
concept in Platonism, where a chain of beings is created by emanation from the "One", one of which then fashions the actual world (which is not a good thing). --
1657:
template again. If you make too many unconvincing or disruptive unblock requests, you may be prevented from editing this page until your block has expired.
379:
Since these people would have to be descended from Adam, they would have had to travel to the other side of the Earth at some point; Augustine continues:
1527: 453:
man convinced against his will is of the same opinion still". I don´t expect you will change, but perhaps you may understand my views a little better.
1028: 1727:
It has been written in part by: A Man Who is Kneeling, ApokroFink Jessica Mann I think... and some other fine examples of the Demonym of Knowledge.
449:
the bombing of abortion clinics and the killing of doctors. It includes religious wars and acts of terrorism and mass suicide (like at Jonestown).
39: 604:—leaving messages on a biased choice of users' talk pages to notify them of an ongoing community decision, debate, or vote—in order to influence 190: 1293: 127: 1677:
You are the first editor to take any time with me. I see that, and I see that we do not agree on many interpretations of things. I like this.
42:, so please help us keep such articles accurate. If you think I made a mistake, or if you have any questions, you can leave me a message on 1401: 137: 1642: 1522: 1455: 107: 83: 1338:, additions to talk pages should be about improving the article within the guidelines, not voicing one's opinion on the subject matter. 1788: 1257:
Do these policies extend beyond the article(s) and their talk pages to user pages as well? Or are user talk pages free mans land? --
156:! By the way, you can sign your name on talk and vote pages using four tildes, like this: ~~~~. If you have any questions, see the 437:
flat. Paul Kruger, President of the Transvaal Republic, in South Africa said: "You don't mean round the world, it is impossible!"
1808: 1184: 1178: 562: 556: 1597:) 04:10, 17 February 2015 (UTC) Also I will, from now on, keep my pings to a minimum, and only to those who would like them. -- 1052: 1746:
I really Just want to say. Thank you for all your wonderful Contributions, and Gifts. They shall be cherished by my Children.
1004:...but toeing a cow sound uncomfortable for either the cow or the handler, or possibly both.You might want to take a look at 345:
Dear Kaptinavenger (it feels strange to speak to you by such a title - do you have a real name you would be happy to share)
1227: 373:
Saint Augustine (354–430) took a more cautious approach in arguing against assuming that people inhabited the antipodes:
1473: 132: 112: 88: 79: 1541: 1439: 1231: 1214: 1089: 328: 98:
and your question on this page, and someone will show up shortly to answer. Here are a few good links for newcomers:
1499:
Other administrators may also review this block, but should not override the decision without good reason (see the
122: 1500: 1427: 1297: 1784: 1620: 1494: 1017: 317: 206: 169: 35: 636:
only to those who are believed to hold the same opinion as you. Remember to respect Knowledge's principle of
331:
also. Does Hawking's popular belief that gravity caused (created) the universe qualify as a creation myth? --
640:-building by allowing decisions to reflect the prevailing opinion among the community at large. Thank you. 466: 245: 86:. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. If you are stuck, and looking for help, please come to the 1060: 305: 161: 143: 102: 1623:
approach could be taken in your case. In this context, I suggest you make a new appeal in 6 months time.
1409: 1285: 1247: 153: 1378:, containing the name of the source, the author, page number, publisher or web address (if applicable). 1628: 1435: 1390:
as much as reasonably possible, and then about half-way past the border for unreasonable possibility.
1162: 633: 629: 625: 609: 600: 540: 269:
Again thanks John. And if you see or know where this discussion is happening, please let me know. --
489:
evidence of Creation. Also dinosaur soft tissue? Talk to me about millions of years old soft tissue.
1161:
and Knowledge pages that have open discussion (but never when editing articles), please be sure to
1158: 1113: 1013: 637: 539:
and Knowledge pages that have open discussion (but never when editing articles), please be sure to
536: 313: 202: 165: 1396:. It's a good idea to avoid commenting on people, but on content, and then if necessary, actions. 1703: 1598: 1590: 1582: 1574: 1505: 1402:
these policies and guidelines are beneficial to Christianity if one believes Christianity is true
1335: 1258: 1127: 1126:
I acknowledge your mastery understanding of dishonesty and deception. A barnstar is in order. --
1093: 1070: 1032: 965: 950: 916: 704: 679: 507: 462: 332: 270: 241: 117: 1323: 1319: 1201: 1056: 579: 293: 771:
one out, that would still be a problem. Do you understand why? It's explained above as well.
1651: 1467: 1445: 1405: 1351: 1243: 949:"going through all editors as have done" is the only appropriate way to canvas. ABCD... -- 1797: 1624: 1347: 862: 777: 732: 665: 649: 606:
Knowledge:Articles for deletion/List of participants in the creation–evolution controversy
61: 43: 1438:
other users. If you think there are good reasons why you should be unblocked, you may
1373: 1329: 1109: 939: 936: 909: 906: 792: 788: 749: 746: 700: 697: 157: 92:, where experienced Wikipedians can answer any queries you have! Or, you can just type 1176:
With the cursor positioned at the end of your comment, click on the signature button (
554:
With the cursor positioned at the end of your comment, click on the signature button (
148:, our illustrated monthly newspaper, and have it delivered directly to your talk page. 1404:. They are not beneficial to young earth creationism, because it's not scientific. 1393: 1387: 1341: 1315: 1238:, not on contributors. Personal attacks damage the community and deter users. Please 946: 933: 903: 675: 254:
John, thank you for your time. I am happy to have the discussion in the right place.
198: 194: 180: 1381: 1363: 1197: 942: 930: 912: 900: 796: 743: 694: 575: 409:
published A hundred proofs the Earth is not a Globe in 1885. For example he wrote
289: 1688:, the sub section header, Etymology, as opposed to the prier History of the word. 1222: 30:. I noticed that you made an edit concerning content related to a living personon 1029:
Talk:List of participants in the creation–evolution controversy#Complete Nonsense
1736: 1461: 1367: 1309: 1760: 1697: 1589:) 02:49, 18 February 2015 (UTC) My email address is kaptinavenger@gmail.com -- 1359: 1310:"Truth" is not the only criteria for inclusion, verifiability is also required 858: 773: 728: 661: 645: 285: 50: 27: 799:. Your coming across like a bully, throwing your Knowledge experience around. 304:
It depends on your definitions (as always). You might want to take a look at
1815: 1768: 1711: 1632: 1606: 1480: 1413: 1266: 1251: 1205: 1135: 1117: 1101: 1078: 1064: 1040: 1021: 973: 958: 924: 899:
Can you tell me where this is written? And before the AfD did you ever read
866: 781: 736: 712: 687: 669: 653: 583: 515: 470: 340: 321: 297: 278: 249: 210: 197:
for one suggested way of handling content disputes. And please also look at
173: 64: 1684:
I have added a few accepted edits. I am particularly proud of my change to
1419: 659:
You have not stopped; second warning. See my comments at AfD page again.
309: 1149: 594: 527: 22: 1009: 1005: 1342:
Material must be proportionate to what is found in the source cited
1304:
A summary of site policies and guidelines that concern your editing
964:
you see yourself as Defending Science, a modern Clarence Darrow? --
915:
Your being Lazy and rude. Try Reading more and complaining less. --
142:
Discover what's going on in the Wikimedia community - subscribe to
1355: 1170: 548: 1759:
thing you should be doing is waiting for your block review. --
1685: 1376:. When adding this information to articles, use <ref: --> 1485: 1418: 1276: 38:, so I removed it. Knowledge has a strict policy concerning 1352:
topics which reject and are rejected by mainstream academia
48:
A January article about a February event? I don't think so.
1691:
And to Mythology. I Do like this Topic(I am a Christian).
1581:) 02:16, 17 February 2015 (UTC)directly where relevant. -- 359:
a long time the Christians believed the world was flat.
191:
List of participants in the creation–evolution controversy
1793:
the template's entry on the Templates for discussion page
1639:
If you want to make any further unblock requests, please
1659:
Do not remove this unblock review while you are blocked.
1316:
We do not publish original thought nor original research
1555: 1551: 1545: 1536: 1532: 1518: 1514: 1510: 1330:
Articles are to be written from a neutral point of view
32:
List of federal political scandals in the United States
678:
have I violated? See my comments at AfD page again. --
1775:
Nomination for deletion of Template:Cow-Toe Barnstar
1493:
This user's unblock request has been reviewed by an
624:
point of view. Please do not post notices which are
1090:
talk:List of creation myths#Gravitational Causation
1791:. You are invited to comment on the discussion at 1755:Please do not use this page to ask for money. The 1394:Users should never make personal attacks on others 34:, but that you didn’t support your changes with a 1743:He does seem to be... a Great Keeper of Secrets. 506:Thank you Mr. Croft for your wonderful letter. -- 1442:by adding the following text below this notice: 1242:and keep this in mind while editing. Thank you. 1296:. Users who create or add such material may be 1047:Appropriate behaviour during an AfD discussion 164:or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! -- 456:I hope this helps you understand my position 8: 1733:I have Chosen to Omit my conversations with 1374:Always cite a source for any new information 327:Nice, I will post this next question on the 1748: 1336:Knowledge is not a general discussion forum 152:We hope you enjoy editing here and being a 1730:Currently, Unedited, it is 55 pages long. 1619:Under the circumstances, I suggest that a 1165:. There are two ways to do this. Either: 543:. There are two ways to do this. Either: 189:you probably have hit a hornet's nest at 1027:Don't miss the full Cow-Toe coverage at 1173:( ~~~~ ) at the end of your comment; or 551:( ~~~~ ) at the end of your comment; or 348:Thank you for your interesting letter. 1324:we're not here to promote any ideology 1288:their subject. Attack pages and files 1694:Happy Presidents Day. Jon, H Sellers 1377:reference tags like this</ref: --> 620:in distribution and should reflect a 7: 1300:from editing Knowledge. Thank you. 1382:Reliable sources typically include 1012:, but that's a harder topic ;-) -- 632:or side of a debate, or which are 14: 643:See my comments at the AfD page. 1779: 1284:Please do not create pages that 1221: 1188:) located above the edit window. 1183: 1177: 1148: 593: 566:) located above the edit window. 561: 555: 526: 40:how we write about living people 21: 1454:. However, you should read the 1434:from editing for attempting to 1354:. For example, our article on 1053:Knowledge:Articles for deletion 1286:attack, threaten, or disparage 598:It appears that you have been 1: 1769:13:49, 20 February 2015 (UTC) 1712:07:36, 17 February 2015 (UTC) 1633:16:50, 20 February 2015 (UTC) 1607:02:10, 19 February 2015 (UTC) 1481:02:07, 17 February 2015 (UTC) 1414:02:06, 17 February 2015 (UTC) 1348:We do not give equal validity 1267:02:06, 17 February 2015 (UTC) 1252:01:12, 17 February 2015 (UTC) 1230:other editors, as you did on 1206:04:55, 15 February 2015 (UTC) 1136:05:17, 11 February 2015 (UTC) 1118:04:47, 11 February 2015 (UTC) 1102:04:32, 11 February 2015 (UTC) 1079:04:51, 10 February 2015 (UTC) 1065:04:37, 10 February 2015 (UTC) 1041:04:51, 10 February 2015 (UTC) 626:indiscriminately cross-posted 516:05:07, 13 February 2015 (UTC) 501:consequence's of them better? 471:00:30, 13 February 2015 (UTC) 103:The Five Pillars of Knowledge 36:citation to a reliable source 1022:14:31, 9 February 2015 (UTC) 974:11:12, 9 February 2015 (UTC) 959:10:59, 9 February 2015 (UTC) 925:10:02, 9 February 2015 (UTC) 867:09:48, 9 February 2015 (UTC) 782:09:26, 9 February 2015 (UTC) 737:09:20, 9 February 2015 (UTC) 713:09:18, 9 February 2015 (UTC) 688:09:13, 9 February 2015 (UTC) 670:09:10, 9 February 2015 (UTC) 654:08:20, 9 February 2015 (UTC) 612:are allowed, they should be 584:07:19, 9 February 2015 (UTC) 341:20:33, 8 February 2015 (UTC) 322:12:27, 8 February 2015 (UTC) 298:09:05, 8 February 2015 (UTC) 279:04:58, 8 February 2015 (UTC) 250:23:51, 7 February 2015 (UTC) 211:09:07, 6 February 2015 (UTC) 174:08:59, 6 February 2015 (UTC) 128:How to write a great article 82:to Knowledge. Thank you for 1497:, who declined the request. 1232:Talk:List of creation myths 1215:Talk:List of creation myths 329:Talk:List of creation myths 1831: 1368:the center of the universe 1217:Attacks and Subsequent Ban 1157:. When you add content to 628:, which espouse a certain 535:. When you add content to 179:Evolution/Creationism and 138:Simplified Manual of Style 1816:19:59, 8 March 2019 (UTC) 1785:Template:Cow-Toe Barnstar 1643:guide to appealing blocks 1456:guide to appealing blocks 1108:dishonest and deceptive. 284:You may be interested in 108:Contributing to Knowledge 65:01:04, 6 March 2014 (UTC) 1721:To Whom it may concern: 1707: 1602: 1594: 1586: 1578: 1262: 1131: 1097: 1074: 1036: 969: 954: 920: 708: 683: 511: 336: 274: 160:, add a question to the 1724:I have written a Book. 1358:does not pretend it is 1789:nominated for deletion 1490: 1423: 1281: 1088:Conversation moved to 306:List of creation myths 1542:change block settings 1489: 1450:Your reason here ~~~~ 1422: 1292:by Knowledge and are 1280: 1155:welcome to Knowledge 533:welcome to Knowledge 1717:A Book, or a Logos? 1491: 1424: 1282: 186:Hi Kaptinavenger, 133:Naming conventions 113:How to edit a page 89:Knowledge Teahouse 84:your contributions 1810:What I been doing 1479: 1440:appeal this block 1388:Assume good faith 1290:are not tolerated 1144:Your recent edits 522:Your recent edits 397:for a short time 1822: 1811: 1803: 1800: 1783: 1782: 1765: 1751: 1750: 1740: 1701: 1656: 1650: 1561: 1559: 1548: 1530: 1528:deleted contribs 1488: 1476: 1470: 1459: 1453: 1320:We're not a blog 1294:speedily deleted 1279: 1225: 1187: 1181: 1152: 1084:Reliable sources 996:Cows are even-to 634:selectively sent 610:friendly notices 597: 565: 559: 530: 459:Warmest regards 235:Hope this helps 123:Picture tutorial 118:Editing tutorial 96: 57: 56: 25: 1830: 1829: 1825: 1824: 1823: 1821: 1820: 1819: 1813: 1809: 1801: 1798: 1780: 1777: 1763: 1747: 1734: 1719: 1695: 1667: 1662: 1654: 1648: 1647:, then use the 1636: 1610: 1549: 1539: 1525: 1508: 1501:blocking policy 1486: 1483: 1474: 1468: 1464: 1443: 1306: 1277: 1275: 1219: 1163:sign your posts 1146: 1086: 1081: 1049: 1002: 1000:ed ungulates... 591: 541:sign your posts 524: 218: 184: 94: 72: 54: 52: 19: 12: 11: 5: 1828: 1826: 1807: 1776: 1773: 1772: 1771: 1718: 1715: 1666: 1663: 1637: 1621:standard offer 1617: 1613:Decline reason 1570: 1566:Request reason 1563: 1484: 1462: 1425:You have been 1417: 1398: 1397: 1391: 1385: 1379: 1371: 1345: 1339: 1333: 1327: 1313: 1305: 1302: 1274: 1271: 1270: 1269: 1226:Please do not 1218: 1212: 1210: 1190: 1189: 1174: 1145: 1142: 1141: 1140: 1139: 1138: 1121: 1120: 1085: 1082: 1068: 1048: 1045: 1044: 1043: 1014:Stephan Schulz 1001: 994: 993: 992: 991: 990: 989: 988: 987: 986: 985: 984: 983: 982: 981: 980: 979: 978: 977: 976: 927: 882: 881: 880: 879: 878: 877: 876: 875: 874: 873: 872: 871: 870: 869: 841: 840: 839: 838: 837: 836: 835: 834: 833: 832: 831: 830: 829: 828: 811: 810: 809: 808: 807: 806: 805: 804: 803: 802: 801: 800: 759: 758: 757: 756: 755: 754: 753: 752: 718: 717: 716: 715: 690: 590: 587: 568: 567: 552: 523: 520: 519: 518: 503: 502: 497: 496: 491: 490: 485: 484: 479: 478: 325: 324: 314:Stephan Schulz 301: 300: 217: 214: 203:Stephan Schulz 183: 177: 166:Stephan Schulz 150: 149: 140: 135: 130: 125: 120: 115: 110: 105: 71: 68: 18: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1827: 1818: 1817: 1812: 1805: 1804: 1794: 1790: 1786: 1774: 1770: 1767: 1766: 1758: 1754: 1753: 1752: 1744: 1741: 1738: 1731: 1728: 1725: 1722: 1716: 1714: 1713: 1709: 1705: 1704:Kaptinavenger 1699: 1692: 1689: 1687: 1682: 1678: 1675: 1671: 1664: 1661: 1660: 1653: 1646: 1644: 1635: 1634: 1630: 1626: 1622: 1616: 1614: 1609: 1608: 1604: 1600: 1599:Kaptinavenger 1596: 1592: 1591:Kaptinavenger 1588: 1584: 1583:Kaptinavenger 1580: 1576: 1575:Kaptinavenger 1569: 1567: 1562: 1557: 1553: 1547: 1543: 1538: 1534: 1529: 1524: 1520: 1519:global blocks 1516: 1515:active blocks 1512: 1507: 1506:Kaptinavenger 1502: 1498: 1496: 1495:administrator 1482: 1477: 1471: 1465: 1457: 1451: 1447: 1441: 1437: 1433: 1430: 1429: 1421: 1416: 1415: 1411: 1407: 1403: 1395: 1392: 1389: 1386: 1383: 1380: 1375: 1372: 1369: 1365: 1361: 1357: 1353: 1349: 1346: 1343: 1340: 1337: 1334: 1331: 1328: 1325: 1321: 1317: 1314: 1311: 1308: 1307: 1303: 1301: 1299: 1295: 1291: 1287: 1273:February 2015 1272: 1268: 1264: 1260: 1259:Kaptinavenger 1256: 1255: 1254: 1253: 1249: 1245: 1241: 1237: 1234:. Comment on 1233: 1229: 1224: 1216: 1213: 1211: 1208: 1207: 1203: 1199: 1196:Thank you. -- 1194: 1186: 1180: 1175: 1172: 1168: 1167: 1166: 1164: 1160: 1156: 1151: 1143: 1137: 1133: 1129: 1128:Kaptinavenger 1125: 1124: 1123: 1122: 1119: 1115: 1111: 1106: 1105: 1104: 1103: 1099: 1095: 1094:Kaptinavenger 1091: 1083: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1071:Kaptinavenger 1067: 1066: 1062: 1058: 1054: 1046: 1042: 1038: 1034: 1033:Kaptinavenger 1030: 1026: 1025: 1024: 1023: 1019: 1015: 1011: 1007: 999: 995: 975: 971: 967: 966:Kaptinavenger 962: 961: 960: 956: 952: 951:Kaptinavenger 948: 945:according to 944: 941: 938: 935: 932: 928: 926: 922: 918: 917:Kaptinavenger 914: 911: 908: 905: 902: 898: 897: 896: 895: 894: 893: 892: 891: 890: 889: 888: 887: 886: 885: 884: 883: 868: 865: 864: 860: 855: 854: 853: 852: 851: 850: 849: 848: 847: 846: 845: 844: 843: 842: 825: 824: 823: 822: 821: 820: 819: 818: 817: 816: 815: 814: 813: 812: 798: 794: 790: 785: 784: 783: 780: 779: 775: 769: 768: 767: 766: 765: 764: 763: 762: 761: 760: 751: 748: 745: 740: 739: 738: 735: 734: 730: 724: 723: 722: 721: 720: 719: 714: 710: 706: 705:Kaptinavenger 702: 699: 696: 691: 689: 685: 681: 680:Kaptinavenger 677: 674:What part of 673: 672: 671: 668: 667: 663: 658: 657: 656: 655: 652: 651: 647: 641: 639: 635: 631: 630:point of view 627: 623: 619: 615: 611: 607: 603: 602: 596: 588: 586: 585: 581: 577: 574:Thank you. -- 572: 564: 558: 553: 550: 546: 545: 544: 542: 538: 534: 529: 521: 517: 513: 509: 508:Kaptinavenger 505: 504: 499: 498: 493: 492: 487: 486: 481: 480: 475: 474: 473: 472: 468: 464: 463:John D. Croft 460: 457: 454: 450: 446: 442: 438: 434: 430: 427: 423: 419: 416: 413: 410: 406: 402: 398: 394: 390: 386: 383: 380: 377: 374: 371: 368: 364: 360: 356: 353: 349: 346: 343: 342: 338: 334: 333:Kaptinavenger 330: 323: 319: 315: 311: 307: 303: 302: 299: 295: 291: 287: 283: 282: 281: 280: 276: 272: 271:Kaptinavenger 267: 263: 259: 255: 252: 251: 247: 243: 242:John D. Croft 239: 236: 233: 229: 225: 221: 216:Your question 215: 213: 212: 208: 204: 200: 196: 192: 187: 182: 178: 176: 175: 171: 167: 163: 159: 155: 147: 146: 141: 139: 136: 134: 131: 129: 126: 124: 121: 119: 116: 114: 111: 109: 106: 104: 101: 100: 99: 97: 91: 90: 85: 81: 77: 76:Kaptinavenger 69: 67: 66: 63: 62: 59: 58: 49: 45: 41: 37: 33: 29: 24: 16: 1796: 1778: 1761: 1756: 1745: 1742: 1732: 1729: 1726: 1723: 1720: 1693: 1690: 1683: 1679: 1676: 1672: 1668: 1658: 1640: 1638: 1618: 1612: 1611: 1571: 1565: 1564: 1537:creation log 1504: 1492: 1449: 1432:indefinitely 1431: 1426: 1399: 1289: 1283: 1235: 1220: 1209: 1195: 1191: 1147: 1087: 1057:AndyTheGrump 1050: 1003: 997: 857: 772: 727: 660: 644: 642: 621: 617: 613: 599: 592: 573: 569: 525: 461: 458: 455: 451: 447: 443: 439: 435: 431: 428: 424: 420: 417: 414: 411: 407: 403: 399: 395: 391: 387: 384: 381: 378: 375: 372: 369: 365: 361: 357: 354: 350: 347: 344: 326: 268: 264: 260: 256: 253: 240: 237: 234: 230: 226: 222: 219: 188: 185: 162:village pump 151: 145:The Signpost 144: 93: 87: 75: 73: 60: 51: 47: 44:my talk page 20: 1406:Ian.thomson 1244:Ian.thomson 618:nonpartisan 26:Hello, I'm 1749:(Redacted) 1625:PhilKnight 1533:filter log 1469:have a cup 1159:talk pages 1153:Hello and 1069::Earned -- 601:canvassing 589:Canvassing 537:talk pages 531:Hello and 286:Lamarckism 158:help pages 154:Wikipedian 95:{{helpme}} 17:March 2014 1787:has been 1665:To NielN. 1641:read the 1552:checkuser 1511:block log 1366:, and/or 1240:stay cool 1169:Add four 1110:Guettarda 1008:. And at 638:consensus 547:Add four 1523:contribs 1458:first. 1448:|reason= 693:accuse? 608:. While 310:Demiurge 238:Regards 1652:unblock 1546:unblock 1446:unblock 1428:blocked 1298:blocked 1236:content 1198:SineBot 1051:Please 1010:Science 940:WP:NPOV 937:WP:GAME 910:WP:NPOV 907:WP:GAME 793:WP:BITE 789:WP:NPOV 750:WP:BITE 747:WP:NPOV 701:WP:BITE 698:WP:NPOV 622:neutral 614:limited 576:SineBot 290:Maproom 80:welcome 74:Hello, 70:Welcome 1737:Coffee 1463:Coffee 1436:harass 1364:hollow 1228:attack 1171:tildes 1006:Kowtow 947:WP:CAN 934:WP:AFD 904:WP:AFD 676:WP:CAN 549:tildes 199:WP:3RR 195:WP:BRD 181:WP:3RR 78:, and 1698:NeilN 1645:first 1475:beans 1356:Earth 943:WP:EP 931:WP:EQ 913:WP:EP 901:WP:EQ 859:Manul 827:ones. 797:WP:GF 774:Manul 744:WP:GD 729:Manul 695:WP:GD 662:Manul 646:Manul 415:and 28:NeilN 1802:mann 1799:Zack 1762:Neil 1757:only 1708:talk 1629:talk 1603:talk 1595:talk 1587:talk 1579:talk 1410:talk 1360:flat 1263:talk 1248:talk 1202:talk 1132:talk 1114:talk 1098:talk 1075:talk 1061:talk 1037:talk 1018:talk 970:talk 955:talk 921:talk 863:talk 795:and 791:and 778:talk 733:talk 709:talk 684:talk 666:talk 650:talk 616:and 580:talk 512:talk 467:talk 337:talk 318:talk 294:talk 275:talk 246:talk 207:talk 170:talk 53:Neil 1686:Sin 1556:log 1503:). 1478:// 1472:// 1466:// 1350:to 1318:. 1182:or 560:or 1814:) 1806:(/ 1795:. 1710:) 1702:-- 1655:}} 1649:{{ 1631:) 1615:: 1605:) 1568:: 1550:• 1544:• 1540:• 1535:• 1531:• 1526:• 1521:• 1517:• 1513:• 1460:— 1452:}} 1444:{{ 1412:) 1362:, 1322:, 1265:) 1250:) 1204:) 1134:) 1116:) 1100:) 1092:-- 1077:) 1063:) 1039:) 1031:-- 1020:) 972:) 957:) 923:) 861:~ 776:~ 731:~ 711:) 703:-- 686:) 664:~ 648:~ 582:) 514:) 469:) 339:) 320:) 296:) 277:) 248:) 209:) 172:) 46:. 1764:N 1739:: 1735:@ 1706:( 1700:: 1696:@ 1627:( 1601:( 1593:( 1585:( 1577:( 1560:) 1558:) 1554:( 1509:( 1408:( 1370:. 1326:. 1312:. 1261:( 1246:( 1200:( 1130:( 1112:( 1096:( 1073:( 1059:( 1035:( 1016:( 998:w 968:( 953:( 919:( 707:( 682:( 578:( 510:( 465:( 335:( 316:( 292:( 273:( 244:( 205:( 168:( 55:N

Index

Information icon
NeilN
List of federal political scandals in the United States
citation to a reliable source
how we write about living people
my talk page
NeilN

01:04, 6 March 2014 (UTC)
welcome
your contributions
Knowledge Teahouse
The Five Pillars of Knowledge
Contributing to Knowledge
How to edit a page
Editing tutorial
Picture tutorial
How to write a great article
Naming conventions
Simplified Manual of Style
The Signpost
Wikipedian
help pages
village pump
Stephan Schulz
talk
08:59, 6 February 2015 (UTC)
WP:3RR
List of participants in the creation–evolution controversy
WP:BRD

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

↑