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Mash, Deborah C., Linda Duque, John Pablo, Yujing Qin, Nikhil Adi, W. Lee Hearn, Bruce A. Hyma, Steven B. Karch, Henrik Druid, and
Charles V. Wetli. “Brain Biomarkers for Identifying Excited Delirium as a Cause of Sudden Death.” Forensic Science International 190, no. 1-3 (June 21, 2009): e13–e19.
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It's also noticeable that this diagnosis comes out of *emergency doctors* and not *psychiatrists*. i would be suspicious that this might be an artefact of the medical system in the US (for example psychiatrists might be more integrated in other countries with different legislation / rules). So I
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and specifically the use in psychosis. But this is kind of OR because I couldn't find talks that considered OR for psychosis. The reasonable chemical restraint is interesting is because it is the same treatment, for a very similar disorder, and with more research. E.g. there are broadly accepted
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Baldwin, Simon, Christine Hall, Brittany
Blaskovits, Craig Bennell, Chris Lawrence, and Tori Semple. “Excited Delirium Syndrome (ExDS): Situational Factors and Risks to Officer Safety in Non-Fatal Use of Force Encounters.” International Journal of Law and Psychiatry 60 (2018): 26–34.
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I'm not saying systematic reviews are perfect, but they combine all the evidence of all the studise, so if you are going to trust a primary source (individual study) when it conflicts with a review you sort of have to have a reason to disagree with the review (and its basis of other
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Vilke, Gary M., Mark L. Debard, Theodore C. Chan, Jeffrey D. Ho, Donald M. Dawes, Christine Hall, Michael D. Curtis, et al. “Excited
Delirium Syndrome (ExDS): Defining Based on a Review of the Literature.” The Journal of Emergency Medicine 43, no. 5 (November 2012): 897–905.
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Scaggs, Thomas R., David M. Glass, Megan
Gleason Hutchcraft, and William B. Weir. “Prehospital Ketamine Is a Safe and Effective Treatment for Excited Delirium in a Community Hospital Based EMS System.” Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 31, no. 5 (October 12, 2016): 563–69.
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Shriver, Edwin R., Steven G. Young, Kurt
Hugenberg, Michael J. Bernstein, and Jason R. Lanter. “Class, Race, and the Face: Social Context Modulates the Cross-Race Effect in Face Recognition.” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 34, no. 2 (December 4, 2007): 260–74.
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Toglia, Michael P., Rod C. L. Lindsay, John C. Brigham, L. Brooke Bennet, Christian A. Meissner, and Tara L. Mitchell. “The
Influence of Race on Eyewitness Memory.” Essay. In Handbook of Eyewitness Psychology2, 2:257–81. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2007.
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Polladen, Michael S., David A. Chiasson, James T Cairns, and James G. Young. “Unexpected Death
Related to Restraint for Excited Delirium: a Retrospective Study of Deaths in Police Custody and in the Community.” CMAJ 158, no. 12 (June 16, 1998): 1603–7.
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Wilson, John Paul, Kurt
Hugenberg, and Michael J. Bernstein. “The Cross-Race Effect and Eyewitness Identification: How to Improve Recognition and Reduce Decision Errors in Eyewitness Situations.” Social Issues and Policy Review 7, no. 1 (2013): 83–113.
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Stratton, Samuel J., Christopher Rogers, Karen
Brickett, and Ginger Gruzinski. “Factors Associated with Sudden Death of Individuals Requiring Restraint for Excited Delirium.” The American Journal of Emergency Medicine 19, no. 3 (May 25, 2002): 187–91.
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Hugenberg, Kurt, Jennifer Miller, and
Heather M. Claypool. “Categorization and Individuation in the Cross-Race Recognition Deficit: Toward a Solution to an Insidious Problem.” Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 43, no. 2 (2007): 334–40.
224:. Pezdek, Kathy, Matthew O'brien, and Corey Wasson. “Cross-Race (but Not Same-Race) Face Identification Is Impaired by Presenting Faces in a Group Rather than Individually.” Law and Human Behavior 36, no. 6 (2012): 488–95.
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Otahbachi, Mohammad, Cihan Cevik, Satish Bagdure, and Kenneth Nugent. “Excited Delirium, Restraints, and Unexpected Death.” The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology 31, no. 2 (June 2010): 107–12.
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Ross, D L. “Factors Associated with Excited Delirium Deaths in Police Custody.” Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc. 11, no. 11 (1998): 1127–37.
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Valentine, Tim, Niobe Harris, Anna Colom Piera, and Stephen Darling. “Are Police Video Identifications Fair to African-Caribbean Suspects?” Applied Cognitive Psychology 17, no. 4 (April 2, 2003): 459–76.
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Pezdek, Kathy, Iris Blandon-Gitlin, and Catherine Moore. “Children's Face Recognition Memory: More Evidence for the Cross-Race Effect.” Journal of Applied Psychology 88, no. 4 (2003): 760–63.
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guidelines for chemical restraint unlike EXD. You might like to look at the NICE guidelines and systematic review on the page, and see if there is some literature comparing the two.
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Platz, Stephanie J., and Harmon M. Hosch. “Cross-Racial/Ethnic Eyewitness Identification: A Field Study1.” Journal of Applied Social Psychology 18, no. 11 (September 1988): 972–84.
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Sidner, Sara, and Julia Jones. “Two Strangers, with the Same First Name, and a Terrifying Story about Ketamine in Policing.” CNN. Cable News Network, September 1, 2020.
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Bothwell, Robert K., John C. Brigham, and Roy S. Malpass. “Cross-Racial Identification.” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 15, no. 1 (March 1, 1989): 19–25.
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Baker, David. “Making Sense of ‘Excited Delirium’ in Cases of Death after Police Contact.” Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice 12, no. 4 (2017): 361–71.
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Sporer, Siegfried Ludwig. “The Cross-Race Effect: Beyond Recognition of Faces in the Laboratory.” Psychology, Public Policy, and Law 7, no. 1 (2001): 170–200.
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would be interested to see specifically what the psychiatric field (rather than the emergency medicine and policing field) think about this topic.
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